265-2

1988

Tiu chun
IEC
quc t
265-2

xut bn ln th nht
1988

Cu dao ph ti cao p
Phn 1 : Cu dao ph ti
cao p
cho cc in p nh mc
bng v ln hn 52 kV

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Vic xem xt li n phm ny:

Ni dung k thut ca cc n phm IEC c y ban K thut xem xt
li thng xuyn phn nh tt tnh trng k thut hin hnh.
Cc thng tin lin quan n cng tc xem xt li ny, n vic cho
ra i cc ti liu c xem xt li v vic cp nht s liu c th
nhn c t y ban Quc gia ca IEC v qua cc ti liu di y:
- Thng bo ca IEC.
- Nim gim ca IEC.
- Danh mc cc n phm ca IEC c cng b hng nm.
Thut ng:
V thut ng chung, ngi c xem n phm 50 IEC: " T ng k
thut in Quc t " (IEV), c xy dng di dng cc chng ring r,
mi chng x l mt ch xc nh. Bn ch dn chung c xut
bn ring. Cc chi tit y v IEV c th nhn c theo yu cu.
Cc thut ng v nh ngha nu trong n phm ny hoc l trch
t IEV, hoc c ph chun c bit theo mc tiu ca n phm ny.
Cc k hiu bng th v bng ch :
V cc k hiu bng th, bng ch v cc du hiu s dng
chung c IEC ph chun, ngi c tham kho :
- n phm 27 IEC : Cc k hiu bng ch dng trong k thut
in.
- n phm 617 IEC : Cc k hiu bng th dng cho cc s .
Cc k hiu v du hiu cha trong n phm ny hoc l c trch
t cc n phm IEC 27, hoc IEC 617 , hoc l c ph chun c
bit theo mc tiu ca n phm ny.
Cc n phm ca IEC cng do y ban K thut ny son tho.
Xin ngi c lu n t ba sau. y c lit k cc n phm
ca IEC c y ban K thut xy dng ra tiu chun ny son tho.

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mc lc
Li ni u
Li ta

1. Phm vi p dng:____________________________________________________
2. Cc iu kin lm vic bnh thng v c bit_______________
3. Cc nh ngha____________________________________________________
3.101. Dao ct (441.14.10)____________________________________________________
3.102. Dao ct in - dao ct in (441.14.12)_____________________________
3.103. Dao ct in s dng chung___________________________________________
3.104. Dao ct in s dng hn ch_________________________________________
3.105. Dao ct in s dng c bit_______________________________________
3.106. Dao ct ca dn t in n_________________________________________
3.107. Dao ct in ca dn t in nhiu bc______________________________
3.108. Dao ct ca cun cm ni shunt_______________________________________
3.109. Kh nng ct (*) (441.17.08)_____________________________________________
3.110. Kh nng ct ti ch yu l tc dng___________________________________
3.111. Kh nng ct MBA khng ti____________________________________________
3.112. Kh nng ct mch vng ng__________________________________________
3.113. Kh nng ct ng dy cp khng ti__________________________________
3.114. Kh nng ct ng dy khng ti______________________________________
3.115. Kh nng ct thanh gp khng ti______________________________________
3.116. Kh nng ct dn t in n_________________________________________
3.117. Kh nng ct dn t in nhiu bc___________________________________
3.118. Dng in gi ca dn t in_________________________________________
3.119. Kh nng ct cun cm ni shunt_______________________________________
3.120. Kh nng ct khi c s c chm t____________________________________
3.121. Kh nng ct dy cp hoc ng dy khng ti khi c s c chm
t____________________________________________________________________________
3.122. Dng in b ct (441.17.07)__________________________________________
3.123. (Gi tr nh ca) dng in hnh thnh (ng)______________________
3.124. Kh nng ng khi c ngn mch (441.17.10)__________________________

4. Cc c tnh nh mc__________________________________________
4.1. in p nh mc_________________________________________________________
4.2. Mc cch in nh mc_________________________________________________
4.3. Tn s nh mc__________________________________________________________
4.4. Dng nh mc khi vn hnh lin tc v gia tng nhit ________________
4.5. Dng ngn hn cho php nh mc______________________________________
4.6. Gi tr nh ca dng cho php nh mc_______________________________
4.7. Thi gian ngn mch nh mc___________________________________________
4.8. in p nh mc ca ngun cung cp cho cc thit b ng v m v
cc mch ph___________________________________________________________________
4.9. Tn s nh mc ca ngun cung cp cho cc thit b ng v m v
cc mch ph___________________________________________________________________
4.10. p lc nh mc ca ngun cung cp kh nn thao tc______________
4.101. Dng in ct nh mc ph ti ch yu l tc dng (*)_______________
4.102. Dng in ct nh mc ca mch vng ng (*)______________________
4.103. Dng in ct nh mc ca MBA khng ti (*)________________________
4.104. Dng in ct nh mc ca ng dy cp khng ti (*)______________
4.105. Dng in ct nh mc ca ng dy khng ti (*)__________________
4.106. Dng in ct nh mc ca dn t in n (*)_____________________
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4.107. Dng in ct nh mc ca dn t in nhiu bc (*)______________

4.108. Dng in ng nh mc ca cc dn t in (*)_____________________
4.109. Dng in ct nh mc ca cun khng ni shunt (*)_________________
4.110. Dng in ng nh mc khi ngn mch (*)__________________________
4.111. Dng in ct nh mc khi c s c chm t (*)_____________________
4.112. Dng in ct nh mc cc dy cp khng ti hoc cc DK
khng ti khi c
s c chm t (*)___________________________________________
4.113. Trng ti c kh nh mc trn cc u cc____________________________
4.114. Phi hp cc gi tr nh mc cho dao ct loi s dng chung__________
4.115. Phi hp cc gi tr nh mc cho dao ct loi s dng hn ch v s
dng c bit_________________________________________________________________

5. Thit k v ch to________________________________________________
5.1. Quy nh v cc cht lu dng trong cc dao ct in p cao_____________
5.2. Quy nh v cht kh dng trong cc dao ct in p cao_______________
5.3. Ni t cc dao ct in p cao_________________________________________
5.4. Thit b ph tr____________________________________________________________
5.5. ng ph thuc vo ngun nng lng bn ngoi_____________________________
5.6. ng bng tch ly nng lng_______________________________________________
5.7. Thao tc ca cc b phn ly hp____________________________________________
5.8. Kho lin ng p lc thp v cao________________________________________
5.9. Bin thng s______________________________________________________________
5.101. C cu ng____________________________________________________________
5.102. bn c kh___________________________________________________________
5.103. V tr ca cc tip im ng v cc thit b ch v bo hiu________

6. Th nghim mu___________________________________________________
6.1. Th nghim in mi_____________________________________________________
6.2. Th nghim in p nhiu lon v tuyn in___________________________
6.3. Th nghim gia tng nhit _____________________________________________
6.4. o in tr mch chnh____________________________________________________
6.5. Th nghim vi dng in ngn hn v gi tr nh ca dng in cho
php___________________________________________________________________________
6.101. Th nghim ng v ct_______________________________________________
6.102.Th nghim thao tc c kh_____________________________________________
6.103. Thao tc trong cc iu kin hnh thnh bng nghim trng:___________
6.104. Kim tra thao tc khi t lc c kh nh mc vo cc u cc:______

7. Th nghim c bit hng lot_____________________________________

7.1. Th nghim chu ng in p tn s cng nghip khi cho mch
chnh:_________________________________________________________________________
7.101. Th nghim thao tc c kh:____________________________________________

8. Hng dn la chn dao ct cao p cho cng tc :________________

8.101. Tng qut :______________________________________________________________
8.102. Cc iu kin c nh hng n vic p dng__________________________
8.103. Phi hp cch in :_____________________________________________________

9. Cc thng tin cn cho vic gi thu, nhn thu v t hng:_

9.101. Cc thng tin cn c khi gi thu v t hng:_________________________
9.102. Cc thng tin cn thit cho vic nhn thu______________________________

10. Cc quy tc v chuyn ch, lu kho, lp t v bo dng_____

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y ban k thut in quc t

Cu dao ph ti cao p

Phn 2

: Cu dao ph ti cao p , in p nh mc
bng v ln hn 52 kV
li ni u

1. Cc quyt nh v tha thun chnh thc ca IEC v cc vn k thut, c

son tho bi cc y ban K thut, trong c tt c cc y ban Quc gia c bit
quan
tm n cc vn , th hin mt s nht tr Quc t cao v cc
ch c xem xt.
2. Cc quyt nh ny l cc khuyn ngh c tnh Quc t v c cc y ban
Quc
gia chp nhn theo ng ngha .
3. Vi mc ch thc y mt s thng nht Quc t, IEC t lng mong mun l
tt c
cc y ban Quc gia chp nhn cc vn bn khuyn ngh ca IEC v
a vo cc lut l Quc gia, trong chng mc m cc iu kin Quc gia cho
php Mi s khc
bit gia khuyn ngh ca IEC v lut l Quc gia tng
ng, trong mc c th phi c lm r trong cc lut l Quc gia.

li ta
Tiu chun ny c son tho bi Tiu ban 17A ca IEC. "Thit b
ng ct v thit b iu khin cao p" thuc y ban K thut s 17
ca IEC: Thit b ng ct v thit b iu khin.
Vn bn ca tiu chun ny da trn cc ti liu sau y:
Quy tc 6 thng

Bo co biu
quyt

17A (CO) 179 I,II

17A (CO) 203

Cc thng tin y v vic b phiu ph chun tiu chun

ny c th tm bo co b phiu nu bng trn.
Cc n phm sau y ca IEC c ghi trong n phm ny:
n phm s 50 (441) 1984:
T ng K thut in Quc t
(IEV).
Chng 441:
Thit b ng ct, thit b iu khin
v cu ch
56 (1987) : Dao ct in in xoay chiu in
p cao
59 (1938) : dng nh mc tiu chun ca IEC
71-1 (1976) : Phi hp cch in. Phn 1: Thut ng,
nh ngha,
nguyn l v quy tc
129 (1984) : Dao cch ly v dao cch ly ni t in xoay
chiu

trn 1000V

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137 (1984) :

Cch in xuyn cho in p xoay chiu

270 (1981) :

o phng in tng phn

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694 (1980) : Cc iu khon

chun thit b
v thit b iu khin tiu chun

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265-2

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Cu dao ph ti cao p
phn 2 :

Cu dao ph ti cao p c in p nh mc
bng v ln hn 52 kv

1. Phm vi p dng:
Tiu chun ny p dng cho cc dao ct in xoay chiu ba pha, c
dng in ct v ng nh mc, lp t trong nh hoc ngoi
tri, c in p nh mc bng hoc cao hn 52 kV v tn s nh
mc di hoc bng 60 Hz.
Tiu chun ny cng p dng cho thit b thao tc ca cc dao ct
trn v cho thit b ph ca chng.
Ghi ch:1. Cc dao ct cho thit b ng ct c cch in kh u
thuc phm vi
ca tiu chun ny.
2. Cc dao ct lm chc nng cch ly v c gi l "dao ct
in - dao
cch ly" thuc phm vi p dng ca n phm 129 IEC.
3. Cc dao cch ly ni t khng thuc phm vi ca tiu chun
ny. Dao
cch ly ni t l phn cu thnh ca mt dao ct
li thuc phm vi
ca n phm 129 IEC.

1.101. Mc tiu
Mc tiu chnh ca tiu chun ny l xy dng cc quy nh cho
cc dao ct s dng trong cc li truyn ti v phn phi in. Cc
dao ct loi s dng chung mun p dng tiu chun ny phi tho
mn cc iu kin lm vic sau y:
- mang c dng in nh mc khi vn hnh lin tc
- mang c dng in ngn mch trong mt thi gian quy nh
- ng, ct c dng in ti, ch yu l hu cng
- ng, ct c dng in ca MBA khng ti
- ng, ct c dng in dy cp, DK, ca cc thanh gp khng
ti
- ng, ct c dng in cc mch vng ng
- ng c dng in ngn mch
Mc tiu khc ca tiu chun ny l xy dng cc quy nh cho cc
dao ct c s dng hn ch v cc dao ct s dng c bit trong
cc li truyn ti v phn phi.
Cc dao ct s dng hn ch phi tho mn mt hoc nhiu iu
trong cc iu kin nu ra trn y:
Cc dao ct c s dng c bit c th tho mn mt hoc nhiu
iu trong cc iu kin y v ngoi ra, cn phi ph hp vi mt
hoc nhiu cc s dng sau y:
- ng, ct cc dn t in n
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- ng, ct cc dn t in c nhiu bc
- ng, ct cc cun cm ni shunt, k c cc cun cm c cp
ngun t pha th cp, hoc t dy qun th ba qua mt MBA trung
gian
- cc p dng i hi mt s chu trnh thao tc tng dn
- ng, ct khi c s c chm t trong cc li ca trung tnh c
b bng cun dy dp h quang
2. Cc iu kin lm vic bnh thng v c bit
Theo nh n phm 694 IEC
3. Cc nh ngha
V nh ngha cc thut ng chung c s dng trong tiu chun
ny, tham kho n phm 50 (441) v 71-1 IEC
3.101. Dao ct (441.14.10)
L thit b ng ct c th thit lp, mang v ct cc dng in
trong cc iu kin bnh thng ca mch, k c cc iu kin quy
nh v qu ti; cng c th mang trong mt thi gian quy nh cc
dng in trong cc iu kin khng bnh thng c quy nh ca
mch, nh iu kin ngn mch.
3.102. Dao ct in - dao ct in (441.14.12)
L thit b ng ct, m v tr m, tho mn c cc iu kin
quy nh cho mt dao cch ly
3.103. Dao ct in s dng chung
L thit b ng ct c th thc hin tt c cc thao tc ng v
ct c th thng xy ra, vi cc dng in t ti dng in ct
nh mc ca n, dao ct cng phi c kh nng mang v ng cc
dng in ngn mch.
Ghi ch:V cc c tnh nh mc ring ca cc dao ct
chung, xem
mc 4.114

s dng

3.104. Dao ct in s dng hn ch

L dao ct ch p ng c mt hoc nhiu iu trong cc iu
kin vn hnh ca cc dao ct s dng chung m khng tho mn c
ton b cc iu kin .
3.105. Dao ct in s dng c bit
L dao ct ch thch hp cho cc yu cu cn thao tc trong cc
iu kin khc vi cc iu kin quy nh cho mt dao ct s dng
chung.
Ghi ch:Thao tc mt dn t in, mt cun cm ni shunt thao tc
khi c s c
chm t, thao tc theo mt s chu trnh tng dn l
cc th d v cc iu
kin c bit.

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3.106. Dao ct ca dn t in n
L dao ct s dng c bit thch hp vi vic thao tc mt dn t
in n, c dng np khng qua kh nng ct nh mc ca dn t
in n.
3.107. Dao ct in ca dn t in nhiu bc
L dao ct s dng c bit thch hp vi vic thao tc mt dn t
in c dng in np khng vt qu kh nng ct nh mc ca cc
dn t in nhiu bc, mt hoc nhiu t in c ni ph
ngun hoc thanh gp ca dao ct in. Dao ct phi c kh nng
ng dng in gi tng ng, m khng vt qu kh nng ng
nh mc ca dn t in.
3.108. Dao ct ca cun cm ni shunt
L dao ct s dng c bit thch hp vi vic thao tc mt cun
cm ni shunt, k c khi cun cm c cp ngun t pha th cp
hoc dy qun th ba ca mt MBA trung gian.
3.109. Kh nng ct

(*)

(441.17.08)

3.110. Kh nng ct ti ch yu l tc dng

L kh nng ct khi m mt mch ph ti ch yu l tc dng, ph
ti c th c biu din bng cc in tr v cc in khng u
song song vi nhau.
3.111. Kh nng ct MBA khng ti
L kh nng ct khi m mch mt MBA vn hnh khng ti.
3.112. Kh nng ct mch vng ng
L kh nng ct khi m mt mch ng dy hnh vng khp kn
hay mch mt MBA ni song song vi mot hoc nhiu MBA khc
ngha l mt mch, trong hai u cc ca dao ct u mang
in dung sau khi my ct ra, hiu in p xut hin gia hai
u cc nh hn in p ca li rt nhiu.
3.113. Kh nng ct ng dy cp khng ti
L kh nng ct khi m mt mch dy cp vn hnh khng ti.
3.114. Kh nng ct ng dy khng ti
L kh nng ct khi m mt mch DK vn hnh khng ti.
3.115. Kh nng ct thanh gp khng ti
L kh nng ct khi m mt mch thanh gp vn hnh khng ti.
3.116. Kh nng ct dn t in n
L kh nng ct khi m mt mch t in n c cung cp t mt
ngun khng c cc dn t in khc bn cnh dn t in c tch
ra.

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3.117. Kh nng ct dn t in nhiu bc

L kh nng ct khi m mt mch dn t in c cung cp t mt
ngun c mt hay nhiu dn t in bn cnh dn t in c tch
ra.
3.118. Dng in gi ca dn t in
L dng c bin ln v tn s cao, pht sinh khi ng mt mch
dn t in trn mt ngun c mt hoc nhiu dn t in bn cnh
dn t in c ng in.
Ghi ch:Tn s v bin ca dng in gi ph thuc vo gi tr vi
in dung v
in cm gia cc dn t in.

3.119. Kh nng ct ca cun cm ni shunt

L kh nng ct khi m mt mch gm mt cun cm ni shunt, k
c khi cun cm c cp ngun t pha th cp hoc t dy qun
th ba ca mt MBA trung gian.
_______________________
(*) Ghi ch v cc gi tr nh mc
- V ting Anh, cc thut ng "rated making current" v "rated breaking
current" u c s dng nhiu ni, m trc y dng cc thut ng
"rated making capacity" v "rated breaking capacity". ngha mong mun
c th hin mt cch thch hp bng t "rated" l nh mc.
- V ting Php, vn tip tc s dng cc thut ng "pouvoir de fermeture
assign" v "pouvoir de
coupure assign".
C ngha l (ND) v ting Anh: T "current" v t "capacity" c hiu nh
nhau
Cn v ting Php: T "courent" v t "pouvoir" c ngha khc nhau.

3.120. Kh nng ct khi c s c chm t

L kh nng ct trong pha c s c ca mt li c trung tnh cch ly
hoc c b bng cun dy dp h quang khi loi b s c chm t
trn mt DK hoc trn mt dy cp vn hnh khng ti pha sau
dao ct .
3.121. Kh nng ct dy cp hoc ng dy khng ti khi c s c
chm t
L kh nng ct trong cc pha khng s c ca mt li c trung tnh
cch ly hoc c b bng cun dy dp h quang khi ct mt ddng
dy cp hoc mt DK khng ti, s c chm t tn ti pha trc
dao ct .
3.122. Dng in b ct (441.17.07)
3.123. (Gi tr nh ca) dng in hnh thnh (ng)
L gi tr nh ca na chu k ln u tin ca dng in trong
mt cc ca dao ct , trong giai on qu tip sau thi im
hnh thnh trong qu trnh mt thao tc hnh thnh (ng).
Ghi ch:1. Gi tr nh c th khc nhau t cc ny qua cc khc, v
t thao tc
ny qua thao tc kia, v n ph thuc vo thi gian
ng ca dng in
so vi sng ca in p vo.
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10

2. Khi ch cho mt gi tr nh ca dng in ng i vi

mt mch nhiu
pha, th l gi tr ln nht
trong bt k pha no, tr khi c quy nh
ngc li.

3.124. Kh nng ng khi c ngn mch (441.17.10)

4. Cc c tnh nh mc
Theo ng iu 4 ca n phm 694 IEC vi cc iu b sung sau
y:
4.1. in p nh mc
Theo ng mc 4.1 ca n phm 694 IEC.
4.2. Mc cch in nh mc
Theo ng mc 4.2 ca n phm 694 IEC.
4.3. Tn s nh mc
Theo ng mc 4.3 ca n phm 694 IEC.
4.4. Dng nh mc khi vn hnh lin tc v gia tng nhit
Theo ng mc 4.4 ca n phm 694 IEC.
4.5. Dng ngn hn cho php nh mc
Theo ng mc 4.5 ca n phm 694 IEC.
4.6. Gi tr nh ca dng cho php nh mc
Theo ng mc 4.6 ca n phm 694 IEC.
4.7. Thi gian ngn mch nh mc
Theo ng mc 4.7 ca n phm 694 IEC.
4.8. in p nh mc ca ngun cung cp cho cc thit b ng v
m v cc mch ph
Theo ng mc 4.8 ca n phm 694 IEC.
4.9. Tn s nh mc ca ngun cung cp cho cc thit b ng v
m v cc mch ph
Theo ng mc 4.9 ca n phm 694 IEC.
4.10. p lc nh mc ca ngun cung cp kh nn thao tc
Theo ng mc 694 IEC.
4.101. Dng in ct nh mc ph ti ch yu l tc dng

(*)

L dng in ln nht ca ph ti ch yu l tc dng, m dao ct

phi ct c in p nh mc ca n.
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11

4.102. Dng in ct nh mc ca mch vng ng

(*)

L dng in ln nht ca mch vng ng, m dao ct phi ct

c. C th quy nh cc gi tr khc nhau i vi dng in ct ca
mch vng ng dy ti in, v i vi dng in ct ca cc MBA
lm vic song song.
4.103. Dng in ct nh mc ca MBA khng ti

(*)

L dng in ln nht ca MBA khng ti, m dao ct phi ct c

in p nh mc ca n.
4.104. Dng in ct nh mc ca ng dy cp khng ti

(*)

L dng in ln nht ca ng dy cp khng ti, m dao ct

phi ct c in p nh mc ca n.
4.105. Dng in ct nh mc ca ng dy khng ti

(*)

L dng in ln nht ca ng dy khng ti, m dao ct phi

ct c in p nh mc ca n.
4.106. Dng in ct nh mc ca dn t in n

(*)

L dng in ln nht ca dn t in, m dao ct phi ct c

in p nh mc ca n, khi khng c dn t in ni vo pha
ngun ca dao ct t bn cnh dn t in cn cch ly.
4.107. Dng in ct nh mc ca dn t in nhiu bc (*)
L dng in ln nht ca cc dn t in m dao ct phi ct c in p nh mc ca n, khi c mt hay nhiu dn t in c
ni vo pha ngun ca dao ct t bn cnh dn t in cn cch
ly, lm sao cho dng in gi phi bng dng in ng nh mc
ca cc dn t in ca dao ct .
________________________
(*) Ghi ch v cc gi tr nh mc
- V ting Anh, cc thut ng "rated making current" v "rated breaking
current" u c s dng nhiu ni, m trc y dng cc thut ng
"rated making capacity" v "rated breaking capacity". ngha mong mun
c th hin mt cch thch hp bng t "rated" l nh mc.
- V ting Php, vn tip tc s dng cc thut ng "pouvoir de fermeture
assign" v "pouvoir de
coupure assign".
C ngha l (ND) v ting Anh: T "current" v t "capacity" c hiu nh
nhau
Cn v ting Php: T "courent" v t "pouvoir" c ngha khc nhau.

4.108. Dng in ng nh mc ca cc dn t in (*)

L gi tr nh ca dng in m dao ct phi ng c in
p nh mc ca n, vi tn s ca dng in gi thch hp vi iu
kin lm vic.
Vic quy nh mt dng in ng nh mc ca cc dn t
in l bt buc i vi cc dao ct c kh nng ct nh mc cc
dn t in nhiu bc.
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12

Ghi ch:Tn s ca dng in gi c th nu trong min t 2kHz n

30 kHz. Cc
gi tr quy nh ph thuc vo c, v s b tr dn t
in c ng in,
vo cc bc c ni vo
pha ngun ca dao ct v vo cc tng tr
hn ch, nu c.

4.109. Dng in ct nh mc ca cun khng ni shunt (*)

L dng in ln nht ca cun khng, m dao ct phi ct c
in p nh mc ca n.
Ghi ch:Dng in b ct nh nht ca cun khng ni shunt nu khng c mt
gi
tr bng khng, th v nguyn tc phi do nh ch to quy nh.

4.110. Dng in ng nh mc khi ngn mch (*)

L gi tr nh ca dng in cc i gi nh, m dao ct phi
ng c in p nh mc ca n.
4.111. Dng in ct nh mc khi c s c chm t (*)
L dng in ln nht ca pha c s c trn li in c trung tnh
cch ly, hoc c b bng cun dy dp h quang, m dao ct phi
ct c in p nh mc ca n.
Ghi ch:TRV ca mt li c trung tnh cch ly l trm trng hn TRV
ca li c
trung tnh c b bng cun dy dp h quang k c khi
khng n khp nhau.

4.112. Dng in ct nh mc cc dy cp khng ti hoc cc

DK khng ti khi c
s c chm t (*)
L dng in ln nht ca cc pha khng s c ca mt li c trung
tnh cch ly, hoc trung tnh c b bng cun dy dp h quang, m
dao ct phi ct c in p nh mc ca n.
Ghi ch:Dng in ln nht ca cc ng dy cp hoc DK khng ti
khi c s
c chm t bng
3 ln dng in bnh thng ca
cc ng dy cp
hoc DK khng ti. iu ny bao
trm c trng hp nghim trng nht
xy ra trn cc dy cp c mn chn ring.

4.113. Trng ti c kh nh mc trn cc u cc

Theo ng mc 4.102 ca n phm 129 IEC.
4.114. Phi hp cc gi tr nh mc cho dao ct loi s dng chung
Mt dao ct loi s dng chung phi c cc c tnh nh mc
ring v ng v ct nh sau:
- Dng in ct ph ti ch yu l tc dng bng dng nh mc
khi lm vic lin tc.
- Dng in ct MBA khng ti bng 1 % dng nh mc khi lm
vic lin tc.
____________________________________

(*) Ghi ch v cc gi tr nh mc
- V ting Anh, cc thut ng "rated making current" v "rated breaking current"
u c s dng nhiu ni, m trc y dng cc thut ng
"rated
making capacity" v "rated breaking
capacity". ngha mong mun c th
hin mt cch thch hp bng t "rated" l nh mc.
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- V ting Php, vn tip tc s dng cc thut ng "pouvoir de fermeture

assign" v "pouvoir de coupure assign".
C ngha l (ND) v ting Anh: T
"current" v t "capacity" c hiu nh nhau
Cn v ting Php: T "courent" v

t "pouvoir" c ngha khc nhau.

- dng ct nh mc mch vng ng ca ng dy bng dng

dng nh mc khi lm
vic lin tc;
- dng ct nh mc ca cc MBA lm vic song song bng 50 %
dng nh mc khi
lm vic lin tc;
- dng ct nh mc cc ng dy cp khng ti bng cc gi tr
bng I;
- dng ct nh mc cc DK khng ti bng cc gi tr bng I;
- dng ng nh mc khi ngn mch bng gi tr nh ca dng
cho php nh mc.
Cn chn cc gi tr nh mc tiu chun trong dy R10 c quy
nh trong n phm 59 IEC.
Ghi ch:1. Tiu
nh mc khi
mc.
2. Tiu
in khi lm
cho php nh mc.

chun

ny khng i hi s phi hp gia cc dng

lm vic lin tc v cc in p nh

chun

ny

khng i hi s phi hp gia cc dng

vic lin tc v cc dng in ngn hn

4.115. Phi hp cc gi tr nh mc cho dao ct loi s dng hn ch

v s dng c bit
Mt dao ct loi s dng hn ch tt hn nn c cc c tnh
nh mc quy nh nh cc c tnh ca dao ct loi s dng
chung, khi c th p dng cc c tnh . Nu c cc gi tr khc
cn quy nh, th nn chn chung trong dy R10.
Khng i hi l cc c tnh nh mc ca mt dao ct loi s
dng c bit phi c phi hp, nhng cc gi tr ca cc c tnh
, nu c th, phi c chn trong dy R10 c quy nh trong
n phm 59 IEC.
5. Thit k v ch to
Theo ng iu 5 ca n phm 694 IEC vi cc iu b sung sau
y:
5.1. Quy nh v cc cht lu dng trong cc dao ct in p cao
Theo ng mc 5.1 ca n phm 694 IEC
5.2. Quy nh v cht kh dng trong cc dao ct in p cao
Theo ng mc 5.2 ca n phm 694 IEC
5.3. Ni t cc dao ct in p cao
Theo ng mc 5.3 ca n phm 694 IEC
5.4. Thit b ph tr
Theo ng mc 5.4 ca n phm 694 IEC

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5.5. ng ph thuc vo ngun nng lng bn ngoi

Theo ng mc 5.5 ca n phm 694 IEC
5.6. ng bng tch ly nng lng
Theo ng mc 5.6 ca n phm 694 IEC
5.7. Thao tc ca cc b phn ly hp
Theo ng mc 5.7 ca n phm 694 IEC
5.8. Kho lin ng p lc thp v cao
Theo ng mc 5.8 ca n phm 694 IEC

5.9. Bin thng s

Theo ng mc 5.9 ca n phn 694 IEC. Cc dao ct v thit b
thao tc ca chng phi c cc bin thng s mang cc thng tin
nu bng II.
5.101. C cu ng
Vi cc dao ct c dng in ng khi ngn mch ch cho php
c cc thit b ng theo nng lng tch lu hay ng ph thuc vo
ngun nng lng bn ngoi.
5.102. bn c kh
Cc dao ct c lp theo quy trnh ca nh ch to phi chu c
cc ti trng c kh nh mc trn cc u cc, cng nh cc lc in
t, m khng lm gim tin cy trong vn hnh v kh nng mang
dng in.
5.103. V tr ca cc tip im ng v cc thit b ch v bo hiu
5.103.1. Duy tr v tr
Cc dao ct v thit b thao tc ca chng phi c ch to sao cho
chng khng th ri v tr m hoc ng theo lc trng trng theo
dao ng, thao tc xung ln hp l hoc theo chm bt ng vo cc
dy u ni ca thit b thao tc, hc do tc ng ca lc ng
in.
Cc dao ct v thit b thao tc ca chng phi c thit k sao
cho p dng c cc phng tin phng c cc thao tc khng c
php.
5.103.2. Ch v tr
Cc v tr m v ng phi c ch mt cch r rng. Yu cu ny
c tho mn khi thc hin c mt trong cc iu kin sau y:
a) Khong cch cch in gia cc tip im m, hoc khong cch
cch ly c trng
thy r rng
b) V tr ca mi tip im ng c mt thit b ch tin cy m
nhim
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Ghi ch:1. Mt tip im ng thy c c th xem l mt thit b

ch.
2. Khi tt c cc cc mt dao ct c lp vi nhau sao cho cc
cc
c thao tc nh mt phn t duy nht, th cho
php dng mt thit b
ch chung.

5.103.3. Tip im ph bo hiu

Vic bo hiu v tr ng khng c xy ra trc khi bit chc rng
tip im ng t ti v tr lm cho dng nh mc khi lm
vic lin tc, gi tr nh ca dng cho php nh mc v dng
ngn hn cho php nh mc c th c mang mt cch an ton.
Vic bo hiu v tr m khng c xy ra trc khi cc tip im
ng ti c v tr lm cho khong cch cch im gia cc tip
im, hoc khong cch cch ly t nht phi bng 90 % khong cch
cch in hoc khong cch cch ly tng, hoc trc khi bit chc
rng cc tip im ng t ti v tr m hon ton.
6. Th nghim mu
Cc nghim mu c mc ch chng minh cc c tnh ca dao
ct in p cao, ca thit b thao tc ca chng v ca cc thit b
ph ca chng.

Cc th nghim mu bao gm:

a) Th nghim mu bnh thng
- th nghim in mi, gm cc th nghim xung st v xung thao
tc, th nghim chu ng in p tn s cng nghip, th
nghim chu ng in p tn s cng nghip cho cc mch ph
v mch iu khin;
- th nghim gia tng nhit ;
- o in tr mch chnh;
- th nghim dng ngn hn cho php v gi tr nh ca dng
cho php;
- th nghim chng minh kh nng ca dao ct trong vic ng v
ct cc dng quy nh;

- th nghim chng minh s hon ho v thao tc c kh v

bn c kh.
Tt c cc th nghim trn y, v nguyn tc, phi c tin hnh
trn mt dao ct in p cao hon chnh (c y cht lu quy
nh theo loi v s lng, hoc cht kh p lc quy nh, hoc p
lc gim bt, nu cn), v trn cc thit b iu khin, v thit b
ph ca dao ct .
Dao ct c th nghim phi ph hp vi cc bn v ca loi dao ct
quy nh v mi chi tit.
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b) Cc th nghim mu theo yu cu c bit ca bn s dng

- th nghim chng minh kh nng ca dao ct v ct cc dng
do bn s dng quy nh nm ngoi phm vi cc th nghim mu
bnh thng;
- th nghim chng minh kh nng ca dao ct ct cc dng
s c chm t trong cc li c trung tnh cc ly hoc c b bng
cun dp h quang;
- th nghim chng minh kh nng vn hnh tt trong cc iu
kin hnh thnh bng nghim ngt;
- th nghim chng minh kh nng chu ng tt ca cch in
ngoi trong cc iu kin khng kh b nhim;
- th nghim xc nh kh nng ca mt dao ct dng cho
nhiu p dng i hi
mt s chu trnh thao tc tng dn;
- th nghim in p nhiu lon v tuyn in;
- th nghim phng in tng phn;
- th nghim kim tra thao tc khi t cc ti trng c kh
nh mc vo cc u cc.
6.1. Th nghim in mi
Theo ng mc 6.1 ca n phm 694 IEC vi iu ngoi tr sau:
Vic thc hin th nghim phng in tng phn trn mt dao ct
hon chnh khng yu cu
Tuy nhin, vi cc dao ct c cc phn phi p dng mt n phm tng ng ca IEC c d kin o phng in tng phn (v d cc s
xuyn, xem n phm 137 IEC), nh ch to phi chng minh l cc
phn t p ng c cc th nghim phng in tng phn c d tnh trong n phm IEC tng ng.
V vic o phng in tng phn, xem n phm 270 IEC.

6.2. Th nghim in p nhiu lon v tuyn in

Cc th nghim in p nhiu lon v tuyn in phi c tin
hnh theo tho thun gia nh ch to v bn s dng. p dng mc
6.2 ca n phm 694 IEC vi cc iu b sung nh sau:
Cc th nghim c th c tin hnh cho mt cc ca dao ct trong
cc v tr m v ng.
Ghi ch:cc th nghim ny khng yu cu i vi cc dao ct c in
p nh mc
t 52 kV n 100 kV (52 = U 100 kV), v cng
khng yu cu i vi
dao ct c v kim loi cch
in bng kh.

6.3. Th nghim gia tng nhit

p dng mc 6.3 ca n phm 694 IEC.
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6.4. o in tr mch chnh

p dng mc 6.4 ca n phm 694 IEC.
6.5. Th nghim vi dng in ngn hn v gi tr nh ca dng
in cho php
p dng mc 6.5 ca n phm 694 IEC
6.101. Th nghim ng v ct
6.101.1. B tr dao ct cho th nghim
Dao ct cn th nghim phi c lp hon chnh trn gi ca
mnh, hoc trn mt gi tng ng. Thit b thao tc ca n
phi c thao tc trong cc iu kin quy nh, v c bit l, nu
thit b thao tc c iu khin bng in hoc kh nn, th phi
c cp ngun ln lt in p hoc p lc ti thiu.
Trc khi bt u th nghim ng v ct, phi tin hnh cc thao
tc khng ti, v phi ghi cc c tnh vn hnh ca dao ct nh tc
di chuyn, thi gian ng v thi gian m.
Khi no cn, cc th nghim phi c tin hnh vi t trng cc tiu ca
kh dng ct.

Cc dao ct thao tc bng tay c th c thao tc c khong cch,

hoc bng cch iu khin t mt ngun nng lng ngoi lm sao
tc thao tc tng ng vi tc thao tc bng tay.
Phi tnh n hu qu ca vic cho in p vo u cc ny hay
u cc kia ca dao ct . Khi vn hnh, dao ct c th c cp
ngun v cho in vo c hai u cc, cch b tr vt l ca pha
ny ca dao ct khc vi cch b tr vt l pha kia, pha c ngun
ca mch th nghim phi c ni vi u cc no m vic u ni c
cc iu kin ngt ngho nht. Khi c nghi vn, cc th nghim ct
v ng mt phn c tin hnh bng cch ni pha ngun ca mch
th nghim vo mt u cc ca dao ct , v mt phn khc c tin
hnh bng cch ni pha ngun ca mch th nghim vo u cc kia
ca dao ct .
Cc th nghim ng v ct cc dao ct
hnh nh sau:

ba cc phi c tin

- Mt my ct ba cc m c ba cc c lp chung trong mt v
phi c th nghim nh mt tng th duy nht. Cc th nghim
ng v ct ch c tin hnh cho c ba
pha, tr khi c th
chng minh l khng c tng tc, cng khng c lin lc g gia
cc cc trong khi ng v ct.
- Mt dao ct ba cc, gm ba dao ct mt cc hp thnh tt hn
nn c th nghim nh mt tng th hon chnh.
Cc th nghim dng v ct ba pha l tt hn, nhng v cc l do thun li,
hoc do hn ch v trm th nghim, cc th nghim trn c th tin hnh
mt pha trn mt cc vi iu kin l, i vi ton b xri th nghim cc
phi c t trong mt iu kin thun li hn l dao ct ba cc
y v cc mt:
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tc ng;
tc m;
cng sut v sc bn ca thit b ng v m;
s bn vng v cu trc.

Khi c php th nghim mt pha, c th tin hnh cc th nghim

theo tng phn ring r, min l dao ct tho mn c cc quy nh ca
mc 6.102.3.2 ca n phm 56 IEC.
Cc th nghim tng hp mt pha, hoc ba pha c th c tin hnh
theo ng mc 6.102.4 ca n phm 56 IEC.
i vi cc dao ct bnh thng c t trong mt v kim loi, tr cc dao
ct c v kim loi v c cch in bng kh, v khi thao tc ng ct c
c tnh pht ra ngn la hoc cc mnh vn kim loi th phi theo ng
quy trnh sau y: Th nghim cn c tin hnh khi dao ct c t
trong v kim loi, hoc bng cch t cc mn chiu kim loi gn cc phn
mang in p v cch cc phn ny mt khong do nh ch to quy nh.
Cc mn chn, b my v tt c cc phn khc bnh thng phi ni t,
phi c ni t bng mt dy chy lm bng mt si ng c ng knh
l 0,1 mm, v chiu di l 5 cm. Nu nh sau khi th nghim xong dy chy
cn nguyn vn, th vic c mt dng in khng ng k i qua dy
chy l cho php.

6.101.2. Ni t mch th nghim v dao ct

Th nghim ct cho cc dao ct 3 cc loi s dng chung c in p
nh mc bng hoc nh hn 170 kV vi mch th nghim ba pha c tin
hnh bng cch ni t hoc im trung tnh ca ngun cung cp, hoc
im trung tnh ca ph ti. Trong trng hp u, tng tr th t khng
phi 3 ln nh hn tng tr th t thun ca pha ngun.
Trong trng hp ny hoc trng hp kia, mch th nghim v b my ca
dao ct u phi ni t, sao cho cc iu kin in p gia cc phn
mang in v t v gia u vo v u ra ca dao ct sau khi h
quang b dp tt i din c cho cc iu kin in p lm vic.
Cc dao ct loi s dng chung, c in p nh mc cao hn 245 kV c th nghim bng ni t hai im trung tnh ca ngun cung cp v ca
ph ti.
Khi th nghim ct mt pha cc dao ct 3 cc v cc th nghim dao
ct mt cc u c tin hnh vi mt u cc ca cc cn th nghim
ni vi ngun, cn u cc kia ni vi ph ti. im chung vi ph ti v ngun
c th ni t nh nu th d trn cc hnh 2 v 4 (Tuy nhin, khi cn
m bo s phn b in p chnh xc gia cc mdun ca mt dao ct
c nhiu mdun ni ni tip nhau, c th ni t mt im khc ca mch
ngun cung cp).
i vi cc mch th nghim c tnh in dung, xin tham kho cc
im c) v d) ca mc 6.101.8.3.
Cc mch u ni c dng trong tt c cc th nghim phi c a vo
bo co th nghim.
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Ghi ch:Cc khuyn ngh v ni t cho cc th nghim cc dao ct

loi s dng
chung u da trn iu kin l vi cc in p
nh mc 170 kV v nh
hn, h thng c
pha ngun v pha ph ti u khng ni t, cn vi cc
in p nh mc 245 kV v cao hn th c hai pha ngun v ph ti ca
h thng u phi ni t.
i vi cc iu kin ni t khc, cc iu kin th nghim
v cc c
tnh nh mc ct ca cc dao ct loi s dng c
bit hoc hn ch c
xc nh theo tho thun
gia nh ch to v bn s dng.

6.101.3. Tn s th nghim
Cc dao ct phi c th nghim tn s nh mc ca mnh, vi
dung sai l 10 %. Tuy nhin, cho th nghim c thun tin, c
th cho php c m rng dngai ni trn; chng hn th nghim
60 Hz cho cc dao ct c tn s 50 Hz v ngc li. Khi cn trnh
by cc kt qu mt cch thn trng, c xt n cc yu t ng
nh loi dao ct v loi th nghim cn tin hnh.
Ghi ch:Trong mt vi trng hp, cc c tnh nh mc ca mt dao
ct c th
khc nhau tu theo c s dng tn s 60 Hz hoc 50
Hz.

6.101.4. in p th nghim i vi cc th nghim ct

i vi th nghim 3 pha, in p th nghim phi bng in p
nh mc ca dao ct , loi tr cc iu c ghi cho cc chu trnh
th nghim quy nh. Cc in p th nghim c cho bng VI.
Cc th nghim mt pha, c th c dng thay th nghim ba pha
cho cc dao ct 3 cc, nu c th chng minh c rng cc iu kin
ca mc 6.101.1 u c tho mn.
Cc dao ct c th nghim c th thao tc c lp tng cc,
khng xt n trng thi ca cc cc kia cng c th c th nghim
mt pha.
Cc dao ct ba cc c th xp thnh 2 loi theo s khng ng
u gia cc cc, c xc nh nh khong thi gian ln nht gia
vic tch cc tip im ca cc u tin v s tch cc tip im
ca cc cui cng. Cc th nghim mt pha phi c tin hnh theo cc
gi tr quy nh bng VIIA i vi cc dao ct c thi gian khng
ng u gia cc cc bng hoc nh hn 0,5 chu k (0,25 chu k
cho chu trnh th nghim s 4), v theo cc gi tr quy nh bng
VIIB i vi cc dao ct c thi gian khng ng u gia cc cc ln
hn 0,5 chu k (0,25 chu k cho chu trnh th nghim s 4).
Cc th nghim mt pha cho cc dao ct c thao tc tng cc mt
phi c tin hnh theo cc gi tr c quy nh bng VIIB.
Thi gian khng ng u gia cc cc phi c o bng cch s
dng gi tr in p hoc p lc ngun cung cp ca thit b thao tc
v p lc kh dng ct tng ng vi thi gian khng ng u ln
nht.
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in p th nghim phi c o ngay sau khi ct ch tr cc th

nghim ct dng in in dung, th dng in ny phi c o
ng trc lc cc tip im tch nhau ra.
in p phi c o im cng gn cc u cc ca dao ct
cng tt, ngha l khng c mt tng tr ng k gia im o v
cc u cc. Vi cc th nghim ba pha, in p th nghim l trung
bnh ca cc in p th nghim gia cc pha. in p th nghim
gia hai pha no khng c khc vi in p th nghim trung bnh
qu 10 %.
i vi cc th nghim ct, in p phc hi tn s cng nghip
phi c duy tr t nht trong 0,1s sau khi ct. Tuy nhin, i vi cc
th nghim ct dng in dung, cn phi duy tr in p, k c
thnh phn mt chiu trong t nht 0,3s.
Vi cc th nghim cho cc phn t ring r, in p th nghim
gim bt phi c chn sao t c mt in p thch hp vo
mt phn t ca mt dao ct c nhiu phn t.
6.101.5. Dng in b ct
Dng in cn ct phi i xng vi mc gim khng ng k. Cc
tip im ca dao ct khng c tch nhau ra trc khi thnh phn
qu do vic ng mch gy nn bin mt.
i vi cc th nghim ba pha, dng in b ct, bng bnh qun
ca cc dng in b ct trong tt c cc cc phi bng dng nh
mc ca chu trnh th nghim quy nh. Hiu gia bnh qun cc
dng in, v cc gi tr t c trn mi cc khng c qu 10 % gi
tr bnh qun .
Vi cc th nghim 3 pha v 1 pha, cc dng b ct phi ph hp vi
cc gi tr nu cc bng VI v bng VIIA, hoc VIIB tng ng.
i vi th nghim ct cc dng in dung, dng sng ca dng
in th nghim v nguyn tc, phi l hnh sin. iu kin ny c
xem l tho mn, nu t s ca gi tr hiu dng ca dng in tng
so vi gi tr hiu dng ca thnh phn c bn khng vt qu 1,2.
Dng in th nghim khng c i qua zro trn mt ln trong 1/2
chu k tn s cng nghip.
Vic kim tra kh nng ct trong mt th nghim phi c xc
nh bi:
a) in p th nghim;
b) dng in b ct;
c) h s cng sut ca mch;
d) mch th nghim;
e) cc thng s ca in p phc hi qu ;
f) s chu trnh ng - ct.
6.101.6. in p th nghim i vi cc th nghim ng cc dng
in ngn mch
Th nghim cc dao ct 3 cc tt hn nn c tin hnh bng 3
pha in p nh mc ca dao ct .
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Nhng cng cho php tin hnh th nghim mt pha, nu nh chng

minh c l cc iu kin ca mc 6.101.1 u tho mn. Ngoi ra,
cn chng minh l th nghim mt pha v mc trm trng i vi
ti trng c pht sinh trn mi cc v trn thit b thao tc t ra cng
bng vi trng hp th nghim 3 pha. in p th nghim i vi th
nghim mt pha cho cc bng VIIA v VIIB.
Cc gii hn v kh nng ca trm th nghim in p cao hn c
th l ch rt skh tin hnh th nghim trc tip in p v
dng in nh mc. Trong cc iu kin , c th dng mt mch
th nghim tng hp, m in p th nghim cn thit c cp t
mt ngun, cn dng in ng nh mc li c cung cp t mt
ngun khc.
Theo mt s iu kin, th th nghim c th c tin hnh
in p gim bt. Phi chng minh c rng th nghim vi in p
gim st vn khng km nghim ngt hn th nghim vi in p
thch hp cho cc bng VI, VIIA v VIIB. Phi d tr mt phng tin
to nn s mi h quang khi ng cng mt khong cch nh l
khong cch s t c vi in p thch hp ca th nghim 3 pha
hoc mt pha, v v nguyn tc, khng c xy ra ngt mch,
cng khng xy ra mt cn i ng k v dng in trong khi
ng.
6.101.7. Dng in ng khi ngn mch
Dng in ng khi ngn mch c th hin bng gi tr nh ln
nht ca cc dng th nghim trong mt th nghim ba pha, hoc
bng gi tr nh ca dng in trong mt th nghim mt pha,
phi t nht bng 100 % dng in ng nh mc khi ngn mch
trong t nht mt ca hai th nghim quy nh. Cc th nghim c
xem l c gi tr, nu gi tr nh ca dng in ca th nghim
khc t nht bng 90% gi tr nh mc hoc ca dng th nghim
quy nh. Gi tr hiu dng ca thnh phn chu k trong mi cc
trong qu trnh chu k th 10 ca dng in t nht phi bng 80 %
dng in ngn hn cho php.
Thi gian ca dng in ngn mch phi t nht l 10 chu k.
Tuy nhin, do mi h quang, nn khng phi khi no cng t c
dng in ng ngn mch nh mc yu cu, k c khi th nghim
c tin hnh in p nh mc ca dao ct . Trong trng hp ny
phi chng minh l cc gi tr nh m cc dng in ng t c
u l tiu biu cho cc dng in s t c khi s dng dao ct
in p nh mc ca n trong mt mch m gi tr nh ca dng
in gi nh cc i bng dng in ng ngn mch nh mc.
Vic kim tra dng in ng ngn mch phi c xc nh bi:
a) in p th nghim;
b) dng in ng th hin bng gi tr nh;
c) dng in ng th hin bng gi tr hiu dng ca thnh phn
chu k o c trong
chu k th 10 ca dng th nghim;
d) thi gian ca dng ngn mch;
e) mch th nghim;
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f) phng tin c s dng to nn mi h quang mt khong

cch thch hp, nu nh th nghim c tin hnh in p gim bt;
g) s ln thao tc ng.
6.101.8. Cc mch th nghim dng cho th nghim ct
Cc th nghim ct ca cc dao ct 3 cc c th c tin hnh
trn cc mch 3 pha hoc mt pha, tr cc iu ghi mc 6.101.1.
6.101.8.1. Mch ph ti ch yu l tc dng (chu trnh th nghim 1
v 3 pha)
Mch th nghim bao gm mt mch cp ngun v mt mch ph ti
(xem cc hnh 1 v 2).
Mch ngun gm tng cc tng tr ni ni tip nhau c to thnh
bi cc in khng v cc in tr ni ni tip nhau v phi c h s
cng sut khng qu 0,2. Tng tr ca mch cung cp phi l 15 3%
tng tr tng cng ca mch th nghim i vi chu trnh th nghim
1. Mch cung cp ny cng c th s dng cho chu trnh th nghim 3.
Tng tr th hin mch cung cp c th ni vo pha ngun ca
dao ct , hoc l phn b ra cho c hai pha, vi iu kin l in
p phc hi qu gi nh phi khng km trm trng hn in p
nh quy nh bng III. Khi cc iu kin ni t khc vi cc
iu kin m t bng III, th cc th nghim phi c tin hnh
theo tho thun gia nh ch to v bn s dng.
Mch ph ti phi c mt h s cng sut nm gia 0,65 v 0,75, v
phi c cu thnh bi cc in cm, v cc in tr ni song song
nhau.
6.101.8.2. Cc mch vng ng (chu trnh th nghim s 2)
a) Cc ng dy ti in (chu trnh th nghim 2a)
Cc mch th nghim (xem hnh 3 v 4) phi c h s cng sut
khng qu 0,3. in p phc hi qu gi nh khng c km trm
trng so vi cc in p c quy nh bng IVA.
i vi cc th nghim 3 pha cho cc dao ct 3 cc, in p th
nghim gia cc pha ca mch m phi bng 20% in p nh mc
cc dao ct c in p nh mc di 300 kV, v bng 15 % in p
nh mc cc dao ct in c in p nh mc bng hoc cao
hn 300 kV.
i vi cc th nghim 1 pha, cc in p th nghim cho bng
VIIA v VIIB.
Ghi ch: Cc gi tr ny l cc gi tr thc nghim s l i t ng ca
vic xem xt
li.

Cc ng dy ti in di bt thng, hoc ng dy c b dc c
xem nh l cc trng hp c bit, trong in p thc c th vt qua
cc gi tr quy nh . i vi cc trng hp c bit ny cc th
nghim c tin hnh theo tho thun gia nh ch to v bn s dng.
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in p phc hi qu gi nh quy nh c dng mt sng hnh

tam gic do tng tr sng ca cc ng dy truyn ti ni vo gy nn.
Tuy nhin, mun gim c cc th nghim, c th dng mt in p phc hi
qu c dng (1- cos) nu cc gi tr RRRV v ca U C quy nh trong
bng IVA nhn c bng cch p dng phng php 2 thng s.
b) Cc MBA lm vic song song (chu trnh th nghim 2)
Cc mch th nghim (xem cc hnh 3 v 4) phi c h s cng sut
khng qu 0,2. Cc in p phc hi qu khng c km trm trng
hn cc in p nh quy nh bng IVB.
6.101.8.3. Cc mch in dung (chu trnh th nghim 4)
a) Tng qut
Cc th nghim c th c tin hnh trn li hoc trong phng th
nghim. i vi cc th nghim trn li, ngi ta dng cc ng dy, cc ng cp v cc dn t in thc.
i vi cc th nghim trong phng th nghim, cc ng dy v ng
cp c th c thay th tng phn hoc ton b bng cc mch nhn to
vi cc phn t tp trung: t in, cun cm, in tr.
Cc th nghim trong phng th nghim kim tra kh nng ct
nh mc ca ng dy v ng cp khng ti ch c gi tr khi dao
ct , khi khng c mi in tr li (ramorage), v nu tho mn cc cc
iu kin ca mc 6.101.1.
Nu dao ct khng phi loi khng c mi in tr li, hoc nu cc
b tr th nghim khng cho php tin hnh th nghim 3 pha, th c
th tin hnh th nghim mt pha bng cch s dng cc mch ca phng
th nghim theo s tho thun ca nh ch to v bn s dng. Cc iu
hn ch ny khng p dng cho th nghim ct khi c s c chm t.
60 Hz
Hz.

Ghi ch.1) i vi mt dao ct khng c mi in tr li cc th nghim

c th dng chng minh kh nng ct 50

2) Khi c php lm th nghim mt pha trong phng th

nghim
ng ct dn t in, hoc khi cc t
in c dng biu din
ng dy v
ng cp, vic quy nh mch th nghim c th thay th
bng vic quy nh in p phc hi theo ng bng VIII v hnh 7.
3) Cc mch th nghim trong phng th nghim th hin cc ng dy v
cc ng cp k hng c dng xc
nh bin ca mt qu in
p bt ng khi
c mi in tr li. Cc mch ny ch c th dng
chng minh kh nng ng v ct m thi.
4) Cc th tc th nghim tng hp cho vic ng v ct cc
dng in
dung hin ang c nghin cu.

b) Cc c tnh ca mch cp ngun

Mch cp ngun phi c mt tng tr lm sao dng in ngn
mch gi nh khng vt qu dng in ngn hn cho php nh mc
ca dao ct . Mch th nghim phi c cc c tnh lm sao s bin
thin ca in p tn s cng nghip khi thao tc phi yu n mc c
th, v trong mi trng hp phi nh hn 5%.
i vi cc th nghim ct cc dng in ca cc ng dy khng ti,
cc ng cp khng ti, cc dn t in n, in dung ca mch cp
ngun phi nh n mc c th, nhng cc thng s ca in p phc hi
qu gi nh phi km trm trng hn cc thng s ddc quy nh
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bi n phm 56 IEC cho chu trnh th nghim ngn mch s 4 (xem mc

6.104.5.2 ca n phm 56 IEC).

i vi cc th nghim ct dng in ca cc dn t in c nhiu

bc, in dung ca mch cp ngun, v tng tr gia cc t pha
ngun v pha ti phi lm sao cho dng in gi phi bng dng
in ng nh mc ca cc dn t in khi lm th nghim 100
% dng in ct nh mc ca dn t in c nhiu bc.
Ghi ch:1. Nu mt my ct c d kin dng trn mt li c chiu
di dy
cp ng k pha ngun cung cp, ng i ta c th
dng mt mch
cung cp c cc in dung b sung thch
hp.
2. i vi cc th nghim v ng v ct cc dn t in c
nhiu bc vi
cc dao ct khng c mi in li, v nu nh
cc th nghim c tin
hnh
tch
ring nhau, ngi ta c th chn mt mch cung cp ngun
c in dung yu hn cho cc th nghim ct.

c) Ni t mch cp ngun
i vi cc th nghim mt pha trong phng th nghim, u cc
ny hoc u cc kia ca mch cp ngun c th c ni t. Tuy
nhin, khi cn c s phn b in p chnh xc gia cc phn t ca
dao ct , c th ni t mt on khc ca mch cp ngun.
i vi cc th nghim ba pha, vic ni t phi lm nh sau:
- i vi cc th nghim ng v ct dng in cc dn t in,dn
trung tnh ca mch
cp ngun phi c ni t.
Tng tr th t khng phi nh hn 3 ln tng tr th t thun ca
ngun;
- i vi cc th nghim ng v ct dng in ca cc ng dy
khng ti v cc dy cp khng ti, v nguyn tc, vic ni t
mch cp ngun phi tng ng vi cc iu
kin ni t ca cc
mch, trn dao ct c s dng;
- Vi vic th nghim mt dao ct d kin dng cho cc li c
trung tnh ni t, im trung tnh ca mch cp ngun phi ni
t. Tng tr th t khng phi nh hn
ba ln tng tr th t
thun ca ngun.
- Vi cc th nghim mt dao ct d kin dng cho cc li c trung
tnh cch ly, hoc c b bng cun dp h quang, im trung tnh
ca mch cp ngun phi c cch
ly hoc ni t qua cun
dp h quang.
d) c tnh chung ca cc ngun in dung cn thao tc
Vic ni t mch in dung cn thao tc phi tng ng vi cc p
dng d kin cho dao ct . Cc in p th nghim quy nh cc
bng VIIA v VIIB ph thuc vo cc iu kin ni t trung tnh ca
cc dn t in v vo mn chn ca cc dy cp.
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Cc c tnh ca mch in dung phi lm sao vi tt c cc

thit b o lng cn thit, k c b chia in p, st p khng vt qu
10 % vo cui mt khong thi gian 100 ms sau khi h quang tt
hon ton. Quy nh ny khng p dng cho cc th nghim trn li.
Ghi ch: V cc thit b nh bin in p ni vo mch in dung
c th c nh
hng mnh n st p, nn vic cn c
tin hnh vi cc b chia
in p thch hp.

e) Mch dy cp khng ti (chu trnh th nghim 4a)

Vi cc dao ct khng c mi in li, c th dng cc t in
m phng cc dy cp c mn chn hoc c ai. i vi cc th
nghim biu th cc dy cp c ai, ba li, in dung so vi t phi
xp x bng in dung gia cc pha.
Khi dng cc t in m phng cc dy cp, c th dng mt
in tr khng cm khng c gi tr khng qu 10 % tng tr in
dung ni ni tip vi cc t in. Cc gi tr cao hn c th c nh hng thi qu i vi in p phc hi.

Nu gi tr nh ca dng in gi cn qu cao, c th dng mt

tng tr khc (v d loi LR) thay cho in tr ni trn, vi iu kin
l dng v p ti thi im ct, v in p phc hi qu khng
khc nhiu so vi cc gi tr quy nh (cc c tnh ca tng tr
thay th ang c nghin cu).
Ghi ch:Mt DK ngn c th c ni ni tip vi mt dy cp dng
cho th
nghim, vi iu kin l ca DK khng ti khng qu 1 %
dng in ca
ng dy cp
.

f) Mch ca DK khng ti (chu trnh th nghim 4b)

i vi cc dao ct khng c mi in tr li, c th dng mt hoc
nhiu thit b sau y:

1) Th nghim 3 pha, khi c th dng cc DK song song nhau

hoc c th thay th
tng phn hay ton b ng dy bng
cc t in. in dung th t thun tng hp
phi xp x bng
hai ln in dung th t khng.
2) Th nghim mt pha trong mch 3 pha c hai pha ca mch in
dung ni trc tip
vo mch cp ngun ba pha, v mt pha ni
vo mch cp ngun qua cc ca my
ct cn th nghim.
3) Th nghim mt pha trong phng th nghim khi cho php dng
cc dn t in
m phng cc ng dy. Khi cc DK c s dng, th cho php ni song song
cc dy dn pha, mch
v ca dng in i qua t, hoc qua mt dy dn.
Khi dng cc t in m phng cc DK, c th dng mt in
tr khng, c gi tr khng qu 10 % tng tr in dung ni ni tip
vi cc t in. Cc gi tr cao hn c th nh hng khng tt n
in p phc hi. Nu gi tr nh ca dng in gi cn qu cao
th c th dng mt tng tr khc (loi LR chng hn) thay cho in
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tr, vi iu kin l dng v p ti thi im ct, v in p phc hi

khng khc nhiu so vi cc gi tr quy nh (cc c tnh ca in
tr thay th ang c nghin cu).
Ghi ch:Mt dy cp khng di c th c dng ni ni tip vi DK
cho cc
th nghim, vi iu kin l dng in ca dy cp
khng ti khng vt
qu 20 % dng in ca DK
khng ti.

g) Mch ca thanh gp khngti (chu trnh th nghim 4c)

Cc mch th nghim c xc nh theo tho thun gia nh ch
to v bn s dng.
h) Mch ca cc dn t in (cc chu trnh th nghim 4d v 4c)
i vi cc th nghim 3 pha, trung tnh ca dn t in phi c
cch ly hoc ni t theo cc c tnh nh mc hoc theo cch s
dng dao ct .
6.101.8.4 Ct mch in cm (chu trnh th nghim 5)
a) MAB khng ti (chu trnh th nghim 5a)
Khuyn ngh nn tin hnh th nghim trn li bng cch dng MBA
c bit thao tc ti mt im cho. C th tin hnh cc th
nghim trong phng th nghim vi cng MBA , nhng cc bin
qu in p trong qu trnh thao tc khng nht thit l c gi tr.
b) Cun khng ni shunt (chu trnh th nghim 5b)
Mch ph ti phi gm c mt cun khng c li khng kh hoc li
thp c mt t ni shunt, v mt in tr lm sao sn ra mt
in p phc hi qu gi nh khng trm trng hn in p
c quy nh bng V.

Mt MBA mang ti bng mt cun khng c th dng cho th nghim

nu nh cc quy nh lin quan n TRV thch hp u tho mn.
V nguyn tc in khng ca ngun phi nh hn 10 % in
khng ca ti, v in dung shunt ca ngun, v nguyn tc, cng
phi nm trong khong t 10 n 20 ln in dung ca ti.
Ghi ch:Cc qu in p thu nhn c do vic bc
(rallumage)
gy nn khi s dng mt mch ca
nghim khng nht hit phi
c hiu
t c cc gi tr c tnh i din (tiu biu) cc
mch thanh gp gia my ct v ngun in v gia dao ct v
phi c m hnh ho mt cch chnh xc.

chy tr li
phng th
lc, Mun
ph ti

Cc phng th nghim ch c th c mt kh nng hn ch i vi

cc th nghim dng in ct cc cun cm vi shunt. Do , c tht
cn thc hin cc th nghim trc tip trn hin trng chng minh
cc c tnh ca mt cng trnh c trng gm mt cun khng, v
mt dao ct cao p c bit. Cc iu kin v TRV c th khng
ph hp vi cc quy nh ca bng V. Cc th nghim ny cn c tin
hnh theo tho thun gia nh ch to v bn s dng. Cng c th
tin hnh cc th nghim trong phng th nghim bng cch s dng
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cun khng ni trn, nhng bin cc qu in p thu nhn c trong

qu trnh ng ct khng nht thit phi c hiu lc.
Vi cc p dng cc in p bng v cao hn 245 kV, im trung
tnh ca cun khng shunt ni sao c th phi ni t qua mt cun
khng ph c th tin hnh thao tc mt cc ca cc dao ct ng dy. Cc p dng ny l c bit, v cc th nghim ch c
tin hnh theo tho thun ca nh ch to v bn s dng.
6.101.9. Cc mch th nghim dng cho cc th nghim ng khi
ngn mch (chu trnh
th nghim 6)
Mch cho th nghim ba pha ca mt dao ct ba cc cho hnh 5.
Cc th nghim mt pha cho cc dao ct ba cc dng mch th
nghim mt pha cho hnh 6.
6.101.10. Mch th nghim cho cc th nghim ct khi c s c
chm t (chu trnh th
nghim 7a v 7b)
Ch yu cu th nghim i vi cc dao ct c in p nh mc
di 245 kV. Thc vy, tiu chun ny cho rng cc in p nh mc
245 kV, v trn na, trung tnh ca ngun phi ni t v do , mi
s c chm t i vi cc in p , kt qu s mang li mt dng
ngn mch. i vi cc li khc vi li c trung tnh ni t in p
nh mc 245 kV v trn mc, cc th nghim phi l i tng tho
thun ca nh ch to v bn s dng.
Mt mch in dung mt pha c th c s dng cho cc th
nghim ct khi c s c chm t.
Cc dng s c chm t v cc dng khng ti khi c s c chm
t l cc dng in dung. iu kin thc hin cc th nghim
v bn cht ca cc mch cung cp v cc mch in dung cn s
dng l ging v nhng g cn cho cc mch in dung m t
mc 6.101.8.3. Cc im e) v f) trong mc ny c lin quan ring
n cc dng in ca cc dy cp v cc DK khng ti, mt dao
ct cn phi ct cc dng in nh vy khi c s c chm t, n
ng thi l dng in s c chm t (chu trnh th nghim 7a), v
cng l dng in khng ti khi c s c chm t (chu trnh th nghim
7b), do , cc yu cu nu im e) v f) l cc yu cu p dng cho cc
th nghim .
6.101.11. Th nghim cho cc dao ct loi s dng chung
Cc th nghim quy nh cho mt dao ct loi s dng chung s
c nu ln sau y: Cc chu trnh th nghim t 1 n 5 c th c tin hnh theo mt trt t tu . Cc th nghim phi c tin hnh
m khng c thay i trng thi ca dao ct trong chng trnh th
nghim.

Cc chu trnh ng - ct cn c tin hnh cho cc chu trnh th

nghim t 1 n 5, thao tc m tip sau thao tc ng phi c tr
thi gian t nht cho mi dng in qu c th bin i.
Cc dng ct phi ph hp vi mc 6.101.5.
in p v dng in th nghim, s ln thao tc i vi cc th
nghim ba pha v mt pha ln lt cho cc bng VI, VIIA v VIIB. Cc th
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nghim phi c tin hnh cc dng in ct nh mc tng ng, tr

cc im c quy nh cc bng VI, VIIA v VIIB.

Trnh t th nghim 1. 100 %, ti ch yu l tc dng

10 chu trnh ng - ct theo quy nh.
Trnh t th nghim 2. Mch vng ng.
Trnh t th nghim 2a. Mch ng dy truyn ti - 10 chu trnh
ng ct theo quy nh
Trnh t th nghim 2b. Mch cc MBA vn hnh song song - 10 chu
trnh ng - ct theo quy nh.
Ghi ch. Nu cc thng s ca TRV nhn c trong qu trnh
trnh t th nghim
1 hoc
bng
hoc
nghim trng hn cc thng s TRV m trnh t th
nghim 2a hoc 2b yu cu th khng cn tin hnh cc trnh
t th
nghim 2a v 2b.

Trnh t th nghim 3. 5% ph ti ch yu l tc dng

20 chu trnh ng - m theo quy nh. Trnh t th nghim 3,
khng yu cu i vi cc dao ct, m cc tnh cht dp tt h quang
khng ph thuc vo dng in phi ct.
Cc trnh t th nghim 4a v 4b. ng cp khng ti v DK khng
ti
Cc th nghim phi c tin hnh 100% v t 20% n 40%
dng in ct nh mc ca cc dy cp khng ti v DK khng ti.
S chu trnh ng - ct cho mi gi tr dng in l mt trong s
sau y:
- 10 cho th nghim 3 pha;
- 30 cho th nghim 1 pha vi vic tch cc tip im mt cch ty
tin;
- 12 cho th nghim 1 pha vi vic tch cc tip im c kim
tra. Vic tch cc tip im c phn phi theo cc khong cch vo
khong 30 in.
Cc qu in p pht sinh trong lc thao tc tt hn khng c vt
qu cc gi tr c gi trong ct A ca bng IX i vi cc dao ct loi
s dng chung, v trong ct A hoc ct B i vi cc dao ct loi s
dng hn ch nh nh ch to quy nh. (xem ghi ch 3 ca im
a, mc 6.101.8.3).

Trnh t th nghim 4c. Thanh gp khngti

Cc th nghim ch c thc hin theo tho thun gia nh ch to
v bn s dng
Ghi ch. 1.
Thng thng trnh t th nghim ny ch yu
cu i vi cc dao ct
loi s dng hn
ch.
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29

2. Chc nng ct tng ng vi trnh t th nghim ny

cc dao cch ly m nhim.

Trnh t th nghim 5a. MBA khng ti

Thng thng khng i hi th nghim cho trnh t ny. Nu cn
phi lm th nghim, th s ln th nghim phi do tho thun gia
nh ch to v bn s dng quyt nh.
Chu trnh th nghim 6. ng khi c ngn mch
Th nghim ng khi c ngn mch c tinn hnh trn mt dao
ct phi chu t nht 10 chu trnh ng - ct 100% ph ti ch
yu l tc dng, nh quy nh cho chu trnh th nghim 1, nu c
th chng minh c l cc c tnh ng khi c ngn mch khng
b nh hng bi cc th nghim ct quy nh, th cho thun
tin, chu trnh th nghim 6 c th c tin hnh trn mt dao ct
mi.
Yu cu thc hin 2 thao tc ng. Khong cch gia 2 thao tc
ty thuc vo thit k ca dao ct v cc hn ch cho trm th
nghim.
6.101.12. Th nghim cho cc dao ct loi s dng hn ch
S dng cc th nghim quy nh cho cc dao ct loi s dng
chung nhng b cc chu trnh th nghim m i vi chng dao ct
khng c c tnh nh mc.
6.101.13. Th nghim cho cc dao ct loi s dng c bit
Cc dao ct c kh nng tng dn v chu trnh thao tc, c dng
ct nh mc cc dn t in, c dng ct nh mc cun khng
shunt, hoc c dng ct nh mc khi c s c chm t phi c
th nghim theo mt hoc nhiu chu trnh th nghim sau y:
Chu trnh th nghim 1. Mt s chu trnh tng dn v ng ct cc ph
ti ch yu l tc dng

Cc dao ct s dng c bit c kh nng tng dn v s ln thao

tc ng - ct phi c th nghim theo cc quy nh v dng in
ct v v s ln thao tc theo tho thun gia nh ch to v bn s
dng.
Cc chu trnh th nghim 4d v 4c. Cc dn t in
Cc th nghim cn c tin hnh 100% v t 20% n 40%dng
in ct nh mc ca cc dn t in.
S s chu trnh ng - ct i vi mi gi tr ca dng in l mt
trong cc s sau:
- 10 cho th nghim 3 pha;
- 30 cho th nghim 1 pha vi vic tch cc tip im mt cch ty
tin;
- 12 cho th nghim 1 pha vi vic tch cc tip im c kim
tra; Vic tch cc tip im in phn phi theo cc khong cch
khong 30 in.
Dng in ng i vi vic thao tc dn t in nhiu bc bng
dng in ng nh mc ca cc dn t in.
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Do hn ch v trm th nghim cho cc th nghim thao tc cc dn

t in c nhiu bc, c th khng c kh nng p ng vi cc quy
nh v dng in gi trong qu trnh cc th nghim ct. i vi
cc dao ct khng c mi in tr li cho php tin hnh mt quy
trnh th nghim ct thay th, trong cc quy nh v th
nghim ct theo mc 6.101.8.3 c tun th mt cch cao nht. Mt
xri tch ri nhau cc th nghim ng c th c tin hnh. Xri th
nghim ny phi c tin hnh in p thch hp v gm c 10
thao tc ng vi dng in ng gi nh bng dng in ng
nh mc ca dn t in c nhiu bc. Vic ng phi c xy ra
trong phm vi 15 in ca gi tr nh ca in p t vo.
Chu trnh th nghim 5b. Cun khng shunt
Cc th nghim phi c tin hnh gi tr cc i ca dng in
ct nh mc cun khng shunt. Cc th nghim phi c tin hnh
gia 20% v 40% gi tr .
Nu mt gi tr cc tiu ca dng in ct ca cun khng shunt
c quy nh, th cc th nghim phi c tin hnh gi tr cc
tiu , hn l gia 20% v 40% ca dng in ct nh mc.

S s chu trnh ng - ct i vi mi gi tr ca dng in l mt

trong cc s sau y:

- 10 cho th nghim 3 pha;

- 30 cho th nghim 1 pha vi vic tch cc tip im mt cch ty
tin;
- 12 cho th nghim 1 pha vi vic tch cc tip im c kim
tra; Vic tch cc tip im in phn phi theo cc khong cch
khong 30 in.
Chu trnh th nghim 7a. Dng s c chm t
Tin hnh 10 chu trnh ng - ct dng ct nh mc s c
chm t
Chu trnh th nghim 7b. Dung cp v DK khng ti khi c s c
chm t
Tin hnh 10 chu trnh ng - ct dng in ct nh mc cc
ng cp khng ti v DK khng ti khi c s c chm t.
6.101.14. Kh nng ca dao ct trong cc th nghim ct
Dao ct phi tc ng chnh xc, khng c biu hin mt mi qu
sc v c hoc in. Khng c pht ra ngn la, thi cht bn ra,
hoc pht ra ting n c hi cho ngi thao tc.
Cng khng c pht ngn la, cc mnh nh kim loi ra ngoi
dao ct trong lc thao tc c th lm nh hng n mc cch in
ca dao ct .
Cng khng c c dng in r ng k n cc x hoc mn
chn ni t c th gy nguy him cho nhn vin vn hnh, hoc
lm hng cc vt liu cch in.
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i vi vic ct cc dng in dung, chu trnh th nghim 4, v

ct cc dng in cm, chu trnh th nghim 5, qu in p cc i
so vi t trn mch cp ngun hoc mch ph ti, tt hn, khng c
qu cc gi tr gi ct A hoc ct B ca bng X nh nh ch to
quy nh.
6.101.15. Trng thi ca dao ct sau cc th nghim ct
Cc chc nng c kh v cch in ca dao ct sau th nghim
thc t phi c cng trng thi nh trc khi th nghim.
Dao ct phi c kh nng chu c dng in nh mc ca n
khi vn hnh lin tc, m mc gia tng nhit khng vt qu cc gi
tr quy nh.
Cc tip im chu h quang hoc tt c cc phn khc c th hao
mn c th b mn. Lng du hoc cc vt liu khc c s dng
ct h quang c th b gim i, v lng b gim c th thp hn lng
bnh thng. C th c cc cht cn trn cch in do mi trng dp
tt h quang li.
Vic kim tra bng mt v vic thao tc dao ct khng c ti sau
th nghim thng thng l kim tra cc quy nh ni trn. Khi
c hoi nghi, c th tin hnh cc th nghim thch hp khng
nh cc vic . Nu cc c tnh cch in gia cc tip im
m hoc so vi t c g ng nghi ng, th cc th nghim kh
nng chu ng 80% in p chu ng nh mc tn s cng
nghip c th l tho mn cho vic kim tra.
Cc tnh cht cch ly ca mt dao ct - dao cch ly v tr m
khng c gim xung qu cc gi tr quy nh do h hng cc phn
cch in gn khong cch cch ly hoc song song vi khong cch
.
Cc quy nh cho dao cch ly trong n phm 129 IEC phi c tn
trng.

6.101.16. Trng thi ca dao ct trong v sau cc th nghim ng

khi c ngn mch
Trong th nghim, khng c xy ra phng in ph hng gia cc
phn mang in p vi t hoc gia cc pha. Dao ct trong khi th
nghim c th chu cc h hng cn c bo dng nh l thay th linh
kin, khi phc mi trng dp h quang, hoc lau chi v iu chnh
a dao ct v trng thi trc lc th nghim. Trc lc bo dng dao
ct phi tho mn cc tiu chun sau:
a) Trng thi c: my ct c th thc hin thao tc c kh, v khi
thao tc c kh v thao
tc m bt u, dao ct t m ra
theo nh d kin.
b) Kh nng ct: dao ct c kh nng ct cc dng in theo kh
nng ct nh mc ca
n.
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c) Quy nh v in mi: c tnh cch in gia cc tip im

m v so vi t khng b
gim xung qu cc gi tr quy nh do
h hng phn cch in gn khong cch cch
in, hoc song
song vi n gy nn mt khi c nghi ng th phi xem xt v chng
minh bng cc th nghim chu ng 80% in p chu ng
tn s cng nghip.
Cc tnh cht cch ly ca mt dao ct - dao cch ly v tr
m khng c gim xung qu cc gi tr quy nh do s h hng cc
phn cch in gn khong cch
cch ly, hoc song song vi
n gy nn. Cc quy nh i vi cch ly cho n phm
129
IEC phi c tn trng.
d) Kh nng chu dng in: dao ct phi c kh nng mang dng
ien nh mc khi vn hnh lin tc ca mnh m khng lm cho
mc gia tng nhit n nh ca cc
phn kim loi tip xc
vi cc vt liu cch in vt qu cc gi tr cc i quy nh trn
10K.
Khng c mt gii hn v gia tng nhit c quy nh cho
cc phn khc ca
dao ct in, tr khi mc gia tng nhit
t mt gi tr n nh.
Vic kim tra bng mt, v vic thao tc my ct khng c
ph ti sau lc th
nghim thng l kim tra cc quy
nh ni trn. Khi c nghi ng c th tin
hnh cc th nghim
thch hp khng nh.
6.101.17. Bo co th nghim mu
Kt qu ca cc th nghim mu phi c a vo bo co th
nghim mu, cha cc s liu chng minh l ph hp vi tiu
chun ny. Cn a vo cc thng tin d c th nhn dng ci chnh
ca dao ct cao p cn th nghim.
Bo co th nghim mu phi cha cc thng tin quy nh cc
mc 6.101.2, 6.101.4,
6.101.5 , 6.101.6 v 6.101.7. Cn cung cp cc bn ghi dao ng k,
hoc bn ghi tng t c th xc nh cc vn sau:
1) dng in th nghim;
2) in p th nghim;
3) in p gia cc u cc ca mi cc lm sao xc nh
in p phc hi tn s
cng nghip, v in p phc hi qu
;
4) in p so vi t cho php xc nh cc qu in p, nu c;
5) nu cn, thi im cho in p vo cun dy m
Thng thng nn a cc thng tin v cu trc ca dao ct . Cn
ghi cc thng tin v thit b thao tc c s dng.

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6.102.Th nghim thao tc c kh

6.102.1. B tr dao ct th nghim
Dao ct cn th nghim v nguyn tc, phi c lp trn gi
ca mnh, thit b thao tc ca n phi c thao tc theo phng php
quy nh. Ty theo loi, mt dao ct phi c th nghim nh sau:
- Mt dao ct ba cc, m c ba cc c lp trn mt b chung c th nghim nh mt n v hon chnh.
- Mt dao ct ba cc, c cc cc, hoc cc ct ca n c lp ring
r tt hn vn nn c th nghim nh mt dao ct ba cc. Tuy
nhin, cho vic th nghim c
thun li, hoc do hn ch v
kch thc ca trm th nghim, c th ch th nghim mt cc, vi
iu kin l i vi ton b xri th nghim cc phi t ng ng
vi mt my ba cc trn vn, hoc khng c t trong
mt iu kin thun li
hn v cc mt:

tc ng
tc m
cng sut v bn ca thit b ng v m
tnh bn chc ca cu trc

Khi khng th th nghim c mt cc ca mt dao ct trn vn, c

th th nghim tng thnh phn ring xem nh th nghim mu. Cc
thnh phn l cc tp chc nng ring r c th c thao tc c
lp vi dao ct (v d nh mt cc, mt mdun ct, mt thit b thao
tc). Vn l nh ch to phi xc nh thnh phn no cn c
th nghim.
Khi th nghim thao tc theo thnh phn, nh ch to phi chng
minh rng ng lc c kh tc ng vo thnh phn trong qu
trnh th nghim khng c nh hn ng lc m thnh phn y phi
chu khi th nghim c dao ct y . i vi th nghim mu, khi
dng th nghim theo thnh phn thay cho th nghim c dao ct
trn vn, th cc th nghim y phi bao trm nhiu loi thnh phn
khc nhau ca dao ct, vi iu kin l th nghim c bit p
dng cho cc thnh phn cn th nghim.
Cc phn ca thit b ph v thit b iu khin c ch to theo
cc tiu chun tng ng, phi tha mn cc tiu chun ny. Chc nng
ring ca cc phn phi c kim tra trong tng quan vi chc nng
ca cc phn khc ca dao ct.
Tr khi c quy nh ngc li, cc th nghim phi c tin hnh
mt nhit no ca mi trng xung quanh.
in p ngun cung cp ca thit b thao tc phi c o cc u
cc, trong qu trnh thao tc dao ct. Cc thit b ph l thnh phn
cu thnh ca thit b thao tc phi c tnh n. Khng c thm
mt tng tr no vo gia ngun in p v cc cc ca thit b
thao tc iu chnh in p a vo.
Vi cc dao ct iu khin bng tay, cho thun tin, thit b
thao tc bng tay c th c thay th bng mt c cu thao tc c
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ngun nng lng ngoi, trong tc chuyn ng ca cc tip

im phi tng ng vi tc ca thit b thao tc bng tay.
6.102.2. Th ngghim i vi cc dao ct loi s dng chung
Th nghim tc ng c kh phi bao gm 1000 chu trnh thao tc
khng c in p, m cng khng c dng in trong mch chnh.
Nu bn ng vi trn 1000 chu trnh c quy nh, th cc th
nghim phi c thc hin theo tha htun gia nh ch to v bn s
dng.
Mt dao ct c thit b thao tc vi ngun nng lng ngoi phi chu
cc th nghim sau y:
900 chu trnh ng - m in p nh mc ca ngun
cung cp v/hoc p lc nh mc ca ngun cung cp kh nn;
- 50 chu trnh ng - m in p cc tiu ca ngun cung cp
quy nh v/hoc p
lc cc tiu quy nh ca ngun cung
cp kh nn;
- 50 chu trnh ng - m in p cc i ca ngun cung cp
quy nh v/hoc p
lc cc i quy nh ca ngun cung
cp kh nn;
Mt dao ct thao tc bng tay phi chu cc th nghim sau:
- 1000 chu trnh ng - m bng cch s dng mt dy lc thao tc
mu ca cc lc c
kh nng pht sinh lc vn hnh.
Khng quy nh thi gian gia cc chu trnh, hoc thi gian gia
cc thao tc ng v m. Tuy nhin, cc th nghim ny cn c tin
hnh vi nhit lm sao cho mc gia tng nhit ca cc thit b
in c mang in p khng vt qa cc gi tr quy nh.
6.102.3. Th nghim i vi cc dao ct
s dng c bit:

loi s dng hn ch hoc

Nu khng c iu g c quy nh, th cc th nghim cn c

tin hnh cng ging nh cc th nghim quy nh cho mt dao ct
loi s dng chung. Theo la chn, cc th nghim cng c th c
tin hnh theo tha thun gia nh ch to v bn s dng.
6.102.4. Trng thi ca dao ct trong v sau khi th nghim bn
c kh:
Cc v tr ng hon ton v m hon ton phi c m bo
trong mi ln thao tc.
Trong qu trnh th nghim, phi kim tra s thao tc hon ho ca
thit b thao tc, ca cc tip im iu khin, ca cc tip im
ph, v ca thit b ch v tr (nu c).
Trong qu trnh th nghim cho php bi trn my theo quy trnh
ca nh ch to, nhng khng c php tin hnh mt s iu chnh
c kh no.
Sau khi th nghim, tt c cc b phn phi trng thi tt, v
khng b hao mn qu mc. Cc tip im c lp m phi trng thi
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lp m cn gi c trong min tip xc theo quy nh p dng cho dao

ct cao p quy nh.
6.103. Thao tc trong cc iu kin hnh thnh bng nghim trng:
Nu c quy nh, th cc th nhgim ny phi c tin hnh theo
ng mc 6.103 ca n phm 129 IEC vi iu ngoi tr sau :
6.103.1. Kim tra thao tc:
Cc th nghim c xem l tha mn i vi mt ny ct thao tc
c lp bng tay, k c khi phi dng nhiu c gng ng v m
mt cch chnh xc. Cc dao ct c thao tc bng tch ly nng lng,
hoc c thao tc c lp vi ngun nng lng bn ngoi phi thao tc
chnh xc ngay t pht u.
6.104. Kim tra thao tc khi t lc c kh nh mc vo cc u
cc:
Th nghim ny ch c tin hnh khi l tha thun gia nh
ch to v bn s dng chng minh l dao ct cao p tc ng
chnh xc khi c cc ti do bng, gi v cc dy dn u vo gy nn.
Nu cn tin hnh cc th nghim ny th phi p dng mc 6.102.4
ca n phm 129 IEC.

7. Th nghim c bit hng lot

p dng iu 7 ca n phm 694 IEC vi cc mc b sung sau y:
7.1. Th nghim chu ng in p tn s cng nghip khi cho
mch chnh:
p dng mc 7.1 ca n phm 129 IEC.
Ghi ch:Cc th nghim ny khng yu cu i vi cc dao ct dao
cch ly, hoc
cc dao ct kh c th chng minh c l
ch ring khng kh ca kh
quyn c s dng
lm mi trng cch in trong khong cch cch in
ca thit b khi v tr mi.

7.101. Th nghim thao tc c kh:

Cc th nghim thao tc c kh c tin hnh m bo rng
cc dao ct p ng c cc c tnh quy nh trong cc gii hn
in p, v p lc ca ngun cung cp quy nh cho thit b thao tc
ca chng.
Trong qu trnh cc th nghim ny c tin hnh khng c in
p, v cng khng c dng in trong mch chnh, c bit, phi
kim tra xem cc dao ct c m v ng chnh xc khng, khi thit
b iu khin ca chng c t di in p hoc p lc. Cng phi
kim tra xem vic tc ng c gy nn h hng no cho dao ct
khng.
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Vic b tr dao ct cn th nghim phi tha mn cc quy nh

cho th nghim mu v c kh, mc 6.102.
Mt dao ct c thit b thao tc bng ngun nng lng bn ngoi
phi chu cc th nghim sau:
- in p cc i ca ngun cung cp quy nh v/ hoc p lc
cc i quy nh ca ngun cung cp kh nn: 5 chu trnh thao tc.
- in p cc tiu ca ngun cung cp quy nh v/ hoc p lc
cc tiu quy nh ca ngun cung cp kh nn: 5 chu trnh thao tc.
Mt dao ct thao tc bng tay, hoc mt dao ct c thit b thao
tc vi ngun nng lng bn ngoi, nhng c th thao tc bng tay phi
chu cc th nghim sau:
- 10 chu trnh thao tc.
Cc th nghim c bit hng lot trn mt dao ct y c th
c tin hnh ti hin trng.
Trong qa trnh cc th nghim ny, khng c tin hnh mt iu
chnh no, v dao ct phi tc ng khng c s c. Cc v tr ng
v m phi c m bo trong mi chu trnh thao tc.
8. Hng dn la chn dao ct cao p cho cng tc :
8.101. Tng qut :
Bn hng dn ny a ra cc ngh v s dng cc dao ct c
in p nh mc bng hoc cao hn 52 kV nhm d t cc tnh
nng mt cch tha mn .
Bn hng dn ny c a ra p ng nhu cu thng xuyn v
ch dn chung nhm b sung, nhng khng thay th cc quy trnh chi
tit ca nh ch to.
C th tham kho mc 2.1 ca n phm 694 IEC v cc iu kin
lm vic bnh thng
8.102. Cc iu kin c nh hng n vic p dng
Khi c cc iu kin bt thng, cn lu nh ch to xin khuyn
ngh ca h. Cc v d v cc iu kin nh vy l:
1) nhim nh hi nc hoc khi c hi bi qu nhiu hay bi
mi, hn hp n
trong bi, kh quyn n, cht mui, m
qu mc, nc chy m a.
2) Rung ng bt thng, va chm, nghing, ng t.
3) Nhit khng kh mi trng cao hoc thp bt thng.
4) iu kin chuyn ch hoc lu kho bt thng.
5) Hn ch bt thng v khng gian.
6) V tr lp rp khc vi khuyn ngh ca nh ch to.
7) cao ln.
8) Tc gi cao hn tc do nh ch to khuyn ngh.
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9) Chu trnh thao tc bt thng, tn s thao tc khc thng,

kh khn trong bo
dng, in p khng i xng, cc quy
nh c bit v cch in.
10) C cng hng khi ng ct t in hoc my bin p .
11) Phi dng mt tn s khc vi tn s nh mc, v d c hi
bc cao gn lin vi
cc mch i in, cc dn t, cc b
lc. Cn phi chn dng nh mc khi vn
hnh bnh thng ca my ct cho my c th mang c dng in tn s
cng nghip v cc dng in hi.

8.103. Phi hp cch in :

Mc cch in nh mc ca mt dao ct
ng mc 4.2 ca n phm 694 IEC.

phi c chn theo

Cn tham kho n phm 71 IEC c cc kin thch hp v phi

hp cch in.
9. Cc thng tin cn cho vic gi thu, nhn thu v t hng:
9.101. Cc thng tin cn c khi gi thu v t hng:
Khi gi thu hoc t hng mt dao ct , bn s dng cn cung
cp cc thng tin sau:
1) c tnh ring ca li in: ngha l in p danh nh, v in
p cao nht, tn s, s lng pha v phng thc ni t.
Cc c tnh bt thng ca li m dao ct s c lp phi c lu
(dng in hi, iu kin cng hng, s ln thao tc cn c)
2) Cc iu kin lm vic bao gm nhit cc i, v cc tiu ca
khng kh mi trng,
nu nh chng nm ngoi cc iu kin bnh
thng, cao nu vt qu 1000m, v tt c cc iu kin c
bit c th c, hoc c th pht sinh, v d phi by ra mt cch
khng bnh thng cc ni c hi nc, m, hi ho cht, kh
quyn n,
ni c hi qu nhiu, hoc khng kh c mui (xem mc
2.1, 2.2 v 6.1.8 ca n phm
694 IEC, v mc 8.102 ca tiu
chun ny).
3) Cc c tnh ca dao ct
Cn cho cc c tnh sau:
a) s lng cc;
b) loi dao ct cho nh ngha nu iu 3;
c) cp: t trong nh hoc ngoi tri;
d) in p nh mc (mc 4.1 ca n phm 694 IEC);
e) mc cch in nh mc, nu c th la chn cc mc cch
in khc nhau tng
ng vi mt in p nh mc cho,
hoc nu mc khc vi mc cch in
bnh thng, mc
cch in mong mun (mc 4.2 n phm 694 IEC);
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f) tn s nh mc (mc 4.3 ca n phm 694 IEC);

g) dng nh mc khi vn hnh lin tc (mc 4.4 ca n phm 694
IEC);
h) dng in ct nh mc theo nh ngha iu 3 v 4, nu
c;
i) dng ng nh mc khi ngn mch theo nh ngha cc mc
3.124 v 4.110, nu c;
j) thi gian cho php ca dng ngn mch, nu n khc vi gi tr
tiu chun (mc 4.7
ca n phm 694 IEC);
k) cc th nghim mu quy nh theo yu cu c bit nh c
nh ngha iu 6.
4) Cc c tnh ca thit b thao tc ca dao ct v cc thit b
gn lin ni ring
a) phng php thao tc, bng tay hoc bng ngun nng lng;
b) s lng v loi tip im ph d phng;
c) in p v tn s nh mc ca ngun cung cp.
5) Cc quy nh lin quan n vic s dng kh nn v quy nh
lin quan n cu to v
th nghim bnh kh nn.
Ghi ch: Bn s dng phi nu ln cc thng tin v cc iu kin
c bit, m trc y cha lit k, nhng c th c nh hng n nhn
thu hoc t hng.

9.102. Cc thng tin cn thit cho vic nhn thu

Khi bn s dng mun bit cc c tnh k thut ca mt dao ct ,
th khuyn ngh nh ch to phi cung cp cc thng tin sau (cc
thng tin cn p dng) cng vi cc ch thch m t v bn v.
1) Cc gi tr nh mc v c tnh
a) s cc;
b) loi dao ct theo cc nh ngha iu 3;
c) cp: t trong nh hoc ngoi tri;
d) in p nh mc (mc 4.1 ca n phm 694 IEC);
e) mc cch in nh mc (mc 4.2 n phm 694 IEC);
f) tn s nh mc (mc 4.3 ca n phm 694 IEC);
g) dng nh mc khi vn hnh lin tc (mc 4.4 ca n phm 694
IEC);
h) dng in ct nh mc theo cc nh ngha iu 3 v 4,
nu c;
i) dng ng nh mc khi ngn mch theo cc nh ngha cc mc
3.124 v 4.110, nu c;

j) thi gian ngn mch nh mc (mc 4.7 ca n phm 694 IEC).

2) Th nghim mu
Chng ch hoc bo co theo yu cu bao gm cc th nghim
c bit do bn s dng yu cu.
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3) Cc chi tit v ch to
a) vi cc dao ct dng dn: khi lng ton b ca dao ct khng k
du, khi lng
du, cc khuyn ngh v cht lng du, s bnh du;

b) i vi cc dao ct dng kh nn: khi lng ca dao ct hon

chnh; p lc khng
kh, v cc gii hn ca p lc khng kh trong
dao ct thao tc chnh xc; dung
lng bnh khng kh ti
ch; mc tiu th khng kh t do cho mt thao tc m, v
cho
mt thao tc ng; khuyn ngh v cht lng khng kh;
c) i vi cc dao ct khc dng kh: khi lng ca dao ct hon
chnh; p lc ca
kh v gii hn p lc ca kh trong dao
ct thao tc chnh xc; tnh ton b
ca kh cho mt
cc quy v p lc 0,1 MPa (1 bar); cc c tnh v kn; cc khuyn
ngh v cht lng kh, nu cn;
d) s phn t ni ni tip trn mt cc;
e) khong cch cch in ti thiu trong chn khng;
- gia cc cc
- vi t
4) C cu iu khin dao ct v thit b gn lin
a) loi iu khin;
b) in p nh mc ca ngun cung cp cho cc thit b ng v
m (mc 4.8 ca n
phm 694 IEC);
c) tn s nh mc ca ngun cung cp (mc 4.9 ca n phm 694
IEC);
d) p lc nh mc ca ngun cung cp kh nn thao tc (mc 4.10
ca n phm 694 IEC);
e) dng in yu cu in p nh mc ca ngun cung cp
ng v m dao ct ;
f) mc tiu th khng kh t do cn thit ng v m dao
ct p lc nh mc
ca ngun cung cp;
g) in p nh mc ca ngun cung cp cho b ly hp m loi shunt;
h) dng in yu cu in p nh mc ca ngun cung cp cho b
ly hp m loi shunt;
i) s lng v loi cc tip im ph d phng;
j) dng in yu cu in p nh mc ca ngun cung cp bi cc
thit b ph k hc.

5) Kch c ti a v cc thng tin khc

Nh ch to phi cho cc thng tin cn thit lin quan n kch c
ti a ca dao ct v cc chi tit cn thit cho vic thit k my.
Nn cho cc khuyn ngh chung v bo dng.
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40

10. Cc quy tc v chuyn ch, lu kho, lp t v bo dng

p dng iu 10 ca n phm 694 IEC.

Bng I
Dng ct nh mc cc DK khng ti v cc
ng dy cp khng ti i vi cc my ct loi s dng chung

in p nh mc
U
(kV)
52
72,5
100
123
145
170
245
300
362
420
525
765

Dng in ct nh
mc cc ng dy cp
khng ti
I4a
(A)
25
25
31,5
31,5
31,5
40
40
50
50
63
-

Dng in ct nh mc
cc DK khng ti
I4b
(A)
2
3
5
8
10
12,5
25
31,5
50
63
80
125

Ghi ch:1. Cc gi tr cao hn la chn trong xri R10 c th do nh ch

nh.
2. i vi mt dao ct loi s dng c bitu, tham kho n
phm 56 IEC
c cc gi tr gi v dng in
ct nh mc cc ng dy cp
hoc
DK khng ti.
to quy

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42
Bng II

Cc thng tin cn cho bin thng s

Cc
h
vi
t
tt
(1)
Nh ch to
Tn gi ca loi my
S xri
in p nh mc
in p chu ng nh mc - xung st
in p chu ng nh mc xung thao tc

Tn s nh mc
Dng nh mc khi vn hnh lin tc
Dng ngn hn cho php nh mc
Thi gian ngn mch nh mc
Dng in ng nh mc khi ngn mch
S thao tc ct ti ch yu l tc dng
Dng ct nh mc ti ch yu l tc dng
Dng ct nh mc mch vng ca cc ng
dy ti in
Dng ct nh mc cc MBA vn hnh song
song
Dng ct nh mc cc ng cp khng ti
Dng ct nh mc cc DK khng ti
Dng ct nh mc cc thanh gp khng ti
Dng ct nh mc cc dn t in n
Dng ct nh mc cc dn t in c nhiu
bc
Dng ct nh mc cc MBA khng ti
Dng ct nh mc cc cun cm
Dng ct nh mc khi c s c chm t
Dng ct nh mc cc cp khng ti v DK
khng ti khi c s c chm t
Dng ng nh mc cc dn t in nhiu
bc
p lc nh mc ca thit b thao tc
p lc nh mc ca dao ct
in p nh mc ngun cung cp cho thit b
ph
Khi lng (k c cht lu)
Cp nhit

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Thi
t
b
tha
o
tc
(5)
x
x
(x)

n
v

Da
o
c
t

(2)

(3)

U
Uw
Us

kV
kV
kV

(4)
x
x
(x)
x
x
y

HZ
A
kA
s
kA

x
x
x
y
x

A
A

y
(x)
(x)

I2b

(x)

I4a
I4b
I4c
I4d
I4e

A
A
A
A
A

(x)
(x)
(x)
(x)
(x)

I5a
I5b
I7a
I7b

A
A
A
A

(x)
(x)
(x)
(x)

I2n

(x)

Po
p
Ps
w
Ua

MPa
(bar)
MPa
(bar)
V

(x)

kg

In
Ith
t
Im
a
n
I1
I2a

iu kin:
ch
ghi
khi
(6)

in
p
nh mc
300 kV v
hn

khc vi 10
khc vi 10

(x)

x
trn
300kg
khc vi
-50C trong
nh
-250C
ngoi tri

265-2
x:
s

1988

43

Vic ghi cc gi tr ny l bt buc; cc gi tr khng xut hin trn bin thng

(x):
y:

gi thit l bng khng.

Vic ghi cc gi tr ny l tu .
Vic ghi cc gi tr ny tu thuc vo iu kin ghi ct (6).
Ghi ch:1. Cch vit tt ct (2) c th dng thay cho cc thut ng

ct (1).
Khi dng cc thut ng ct (1) th khng cn vit thm t
"nh mc" na vo ct (2).
2. Cho php tp hp cc ch vit tt li khi cc gi tr u
ging nhau,
v d: In , I1 , I2a 400 A.

Bng III
Cc thng s ca TRV ca mch cung cp ngun
cho cc th nghim ct dng in ti ch yu l tc dng
in p nh mc
U
(kV)

52
72,5
100
123
145
170
245
300
362
420
525
765

Thnh phn ca mch ngun cung cp

Gi tr nh ca in p
Thng s thi gian
UC
(kV)
t3
(s)

11
15
21
26
30
36
34
42
50
60
73
105

23
28
34
40
45
51
66
73
82
88
98
114

Ghi ch: 1.
in p qu c dng (1- cos) v cc gi tr
p dng cho cc ct
u tin. Cc in
p qu pha ngun v pha ph ti ca TRV c
biu din hnh v.

2. Tng tr ni tip ca ngun cung cp bng 15% tng tr

tng vi h s
cng sut bng hoc nh hn 0,2. Ph
ti do cc cun khng v cc
in tr ni
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44

song song to nn. TRV pha ti l mt in p dng hm

m gim dn c gi tr nh c xc nh theo h s cng sut ca ph
ti. Nh vy TRV pha ti c xc nh ho n ton bi mch
ti v
khng cn phi quy nh.
3. Tng tr ni tip ca ngun cung cp l mt t hp ca
tng tr a
phng ca mt MBA (gi thit l bng
10%) v tng tr xa ngun
(gi thit l
5%). Tn s ca TRV ca MBA cao hn nhiu so vi tn s
ca TRV ngun, nh vy thnh phn pha ngun cung cp ca TRV ch
do MBA ng gp vo m thi. H s cc u tin K l 1,5
cho cc
in p nh mc nh hn 245 kVvi gi thit
l trung tnh cc MBAu
cch ly, v l 1,00
cho cc in p nh mc bng v cao hn 245 kV
vi gi thit l trung trung tnh MBA c ni t.
H s bin l 1,7 t heo n phm 56 IEC i vi chu
trnh th
nghim ngn mch s 1:
UC = U

2
K 1,7 0,10
3

Bng IVA
Cc thng s ca TRV cho cc th nghim ct dng in
ca mch vng ng cc ng dy ti in
in p nh mc
U

(kV)

Gi tr nh ca
in p
UC
(kV)

52
100
123
145
170
245
300
362
420
525
765

14
19
26
32
38
44
64
59
71
82
105
150

72,5

UC / t3
(kV / s cho mi
kA)
60 Hz
50 Hz

RRRV (1)

0,227
0,227
0,227
0,227
0,227
0,227
0,227
0,174
0,174
0,174
0,174
0,174

0,189
0,189
0,189
0,189
0,189
0,189
0,189
0,145
0,145
0,145
0,145
0,145

(1) Thi gian c th tnh t RRRV cho mi kA i vi gi tr nh U C ca in p

cho v
dng in th nghim tnh bng kA.
t3 =

UC
( RRRV ) kA

Ghi ch:
1. in p qu c dng mt on dc thng cho n gi tr nh. cho th
nghim c thun tin, dng mt in p qu c dng (1- cos). in p qu
mu cho di y

2. in p th nghim gia cc pha ca mt mch m, ch xc lp bng 20%

in p nh mc vi cc in p di 300 kV, cn vi cc in p bng v
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45

cao hn 300 kV- th bng 15% UC .

ng vi mt li c trung tnh ni t, vi
h s cc u tin K = 1 v h s bin bng 1,6, theo cc h s bin c
quy nh bi n phm 56 IEC cho cc s c trn ng dy ngn.
UC = U x (0,20 hoc 0,15)

2
x 1,0 x 1,6
3

3. RRRV bng tch ca di/dt nhn vi tngtr sng tng ng Zeq. Tng tr sn
gtng ng c tnh cho cc ct u tin v dng in b ct trong trnghp
ny l cc i

Z
3 1 Z 0
2
Zeq =
Z1

Z0
2
y:
Z1 = l tng tr sng th t thun
Z0 = l tng tr song th t khng
Zeq bng 425 i vi cc in p bng v nh hn 245 kV v bng 325 i
vi cc in p cao
hn 245 kV. Zeq khng phi l tng tr tng ng c dng
cho cc s c trn ng dy ngn
Zeq p dng cho cc ct u tin, ch
khng phi cho cc ct cui cng nh trong trng hp s c trn ng dy ngn.
Vi cc in p trn 245 kV tng tr sng thay i v lc ny s dng cc
dy dn chun. Cng
cn ghi nh l cc dy dn khng chm vo nhau trong
qu trnh thao tc mch vng ng.

Bng IVB
Cc thng s ca TRV cho cc th nghim ct dng in
ca mch vng ng cc ng dy ti in
in p nh mc
U

(kV)
52
72,5
100
123
145
170
245
300
362
420
525
765

Gi tr nh ca
in p
UC
(kV)
8,1
11,5
16
19
23
27
26
31
38
44
55
80

(1) Thi gian c tnh theo t3 =

kA

H s thi gian K
60 Hz
11
13
16
17
22
24
28
32
44
47
61
61

(1)

50 Hz
12
14
17
19
24
27
31
35
48
51
67
67

K
I

y t3 tnh bng s v I l dng in th nghim tnh bng

Ghi ch: 1.
dng cho cc ct u
271761995.doc

in p qu c dng (1 - cos) v cc gi tr p
tin.

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46

2. H s cc u tin K l bng 1 i vi cc in p
nh mc bng v
cao hn 245 kV
cho cc li gi thit l c trung tnh ni t; v bng
1,5 i vi cc in p nh mc nh hn 245 kV cho cc li gi thit
l c trung tnh cch ly. H s bin gi thit l
bng 1,7 theo chu
trnh th nghim ngn
mch s 1 ca n phm 56 IEC. Gi thit l hai
MBA vn hnh song song vi mt MBA cn ng. TRV ch yu l do
MBA cn ng. iu ny ni ln TRV ng vi ch mt na
ca in p
phc hi trong ch xc lp.
UC = U

0,15
2
x K x 1,7 x
2
3

3. H s K c rt ra t tn s ca TRV nhn c bng

cch a thm
dng in t pha h p ca MBA.
Tn s c xem l mu ca cc
MBA
c dng nh mc gn bng dng th nghim.

Bng V
Thng s ca TRV cho cc th nghim ct
dng cc cun khng shunt
in p nh mc
U

(kV)
52
72,5
100
123
145
170
245
300
362
420
525
765

Gi tr nh ca
in p
UC
(kV)
120
170
230
290
340
400
380
470
560
650
810
1200

(1) Thi gian c tnh theo t3 =

271761995.doc

H s thi gian K
60 Hz
40
47
55
61
66
72
86
95
105
115
125
150

K
I

46/ 50

(1)

50 Hz
43
51
60
67
73
79
94
105
115
125
140
170

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1988

47

y t3 tnh bng s v I l dng in th nghim tnh bng

kA
Ghi ch: 1.
in p qu c dng (1 - cos) v cc gi tr p
dng cho cc ct u
tin.
2. H s cc u tin K l bng 1 i vi cc in p
nh mc bng v
cao
hn
245
kVcho cccun khng gi thit l c trung tnh ni t, v
bng 1,5 cho cc in p nh mc nh hn 245 kVcho cc cun
khng
gi thit l c trung tnh cch ly. H
s bin gi thit l bng 1,9.
UC = U

thm dng
in p cao

271761995.doc

2
x K x 1,9
3

3. H s K c rt ra t cc gi tr nhn c bng cch a

in h p vo cc cun khng shunt

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48

Bng VI
Cc chu trnh th nghim v cc th nghim 3 pha cho cc my ct 3 cc

Chu trnh th nghim

S

Loi

1*

Ti ch yu l tc dng:
100%

2a*
2b*

Mch vng ng,

DK ti in
Mch vng ng, MBA
vn hnh song song

in
nh
mc

in
p
th
nghim 1)
(+10%;
-0%)

Dng in
th nghim
(+10%; -0%)

S
chu
trnh hoc
s
thao tc

mi
gi
tr
< 300 kV
300 kV

I1

10

0,2 U
0,15 U

I2a

10

mi
tr

gi

0,15 U

I2b

10

mi
tr
mi
tr

gi

0,05 I1

20

gi

I4a

10

3*

Ti ch yu l tc dng:
5%

4a*

Dy cp khng ti

4b*

DK khng ti

mi
tr

gi

0,2-0,4 I4a
I4b

10
10

4c

Thanh gp khng ti

gi

**

0,2-0,4 I4b
**

10
**

4d

Dn t in n

mi
tr
mi
tr

gi

I4d

10

4e

Dn t in c nhiu
bc

mi
tr

gi

0,2-0,4 I4d
I4e

10
10

5a

MBA khng ti

gi

**

0,2-0,4 I4e
**

10
**

5b

Cun khng shunt

mi
tr
mi
tr

gi

I5b

10

0,2-0,4 I5b1)

10
2 thao tc
ng

6*

ng khi ngn mch

7a

S c chm t
Cp v DK khng ti
khi c s c chm t

7b

mi
gi
tr
< 245 kV

Ima

I7a

10

< 245 kV

I7b

10

*
Chu trnh th nghim ny quy nh cho dao ct s dng chung.
**
Theo tho thun gia nh ch to v bn s dng.
1)
Cc thng s ca TRV c nu ln cho cc ct u tin trong cc bng thch
hp.
2)
Nu quy nh mt dng in ct nh nht, th th nghim s c tin
hnh vi
dng in , tt hn l gia 0,2 v 0,4 ln I5b.

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50

Bng VIIA
Cc chu trnh th nghim v cc th nghim 3 pha cho cc my ct 3 cc
in p
nh
mc

Chu trnh th nghim

S
1*
2a*
2 b*

3*
4a*

2)

4 b*

2)

4c
4d

2)

4e

2)

5a

5b

I1
I1
I2a

S chu
trnh
hoc
s thao
tc
10
10
10

I2b

10

I2b

10

0,05 I1
0,05 I1
I4a

20
20
12
12
12

6)

0,2-0,4 I4a
I4b

**

12
**

6)

gi

0,2-0,4 I4b
**

gi

3)

4)

I4d

12

6)

gi

4)

0,2-0,4 I4d
I4e

12
12

6)

3)

0,2-0,4 I4e
**

12
**

6)

12
12
12
12

6)

Loi
Ti ch yu l tc
dng: 100%
Mch vng ng,
DK truyn ti
Mch vng ng,
MBA
vn
hnh
song
song
Ti ch yu l tc
dng: 5%
Dy cp khng ti
DK khng ti

245 kV
< 245 kV
245 kV
mi
gi
tr
mi
tr

Thanh gp khng
ti
Dn t in n
Dn t in
nhiu
bc
MBA khng ti

< 245 kV
245 kV
< 300 kV
300 kV
< 245 kV

mi
tr
mi
tr
mi
tr

gi

mi
gi
tr
< 245 kV

7a
7b

Dng in
th nghim

(+10%; -0%)

(+10%; -0%)

1,5 U/ 3
U/ 3
0,2 U/ 3
0,15 U/ 3
1,5(0,15)U/
3
0,15 U/ 3
1,5 U/
U/ 3
U/ 3

;
;

ng
khi
ngn
mch
S c chm t
Cp v DK khng
ti khi c s c
chm t

3)

**

mi
gi
tr
< 245 kV

U/

U/

I7a

10

< 245 kV

I7b

10

1,5 U/

Cun khng shunt

5)

3)

I5b
0,2-0,4 I5b
I5b
0,2-0,4 I5b
Ima

245 kV
6*

in p th
nghim 1)

U/

3)

8)

8)

6)

6)

6) ;7)

6)
6)
6)

2 thao
ng

tc

* Cc chu trnh th nghim ny quy nh cho dao ct loi s dng chung

** Theo tho thun gia nh sn xut v bn s dng
1) Cc gi tr ca TRV c quy nh trong cc bng thch hp
2) Cc th nghim ny ch cho php i vi cc dao ct c thi gian khng ng u gia
cc cc khng qu 0,25 chu k; trong cc trng hp khc th nghim cn c tin hnh theo
bng VIIB
3) in p th nghim c th gim xung n U/ 3 cho cc thao tc ng.
4) Khuyn ngh i vi cc in p bng v cao hn 245 kV, ch xem xt cc li c trung
tnh ni t v cc dn t in c trung tnh ni t. i vi cc l i c in p nh mc
nh hn,
c th xem xt cc li c trung tnh cch ly v/hoc cc dn t in c trung
tnh cch ly.
Mch th nghim phi l tiu biu cho loi ng dng c xem xt. in p th
nghim phi bng tch ca U/ 3 nhn vi mt trong cc h s sau y:

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51

a) 1,0 i vi cc th nghim tng ng vi cc li c trung tnh ni t m khng c nh

hng tng h ng k ca cc pha k bn ca mch in dung, v d nh cc dn t
in
c trung tnh ni t.
b) 1,4 i vi cc th nghim tng ng vi vic ct trong cc li khc vi li c trung tnh
ni t hoc ng vi vic ct dng in ca cc dn t in c trung tnh cch ly.
5) Ch cho php i vi cc dao ct c thi gian khng ng thi gia cc cc khi ng
nh hn
hoc bng 0,5 chu k; trong cc trng hp khc, cc th nghim phi c tin
hnh theo bng VIIB.
6) M ng b vi vic tch cc tip im 30 in mt; nu iu ny khng thc
hin c, th phi tin hnh 30 chu trnh thao tc khng ng b ho.
7) t nht cn thc hin ba thao tc ng trong phm vi 15 in ca gi tr nh ca
in p
t vo.
8) Nu c quy nh mt dng in ct ti thiu, th th nghim phi c tin hnh
gi tr ca dng in , hn l gia 0,2 v 0,4 ln I 5b

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52

Bng VIIB
Cc trnh t th nghim v th nghim mt pha cho cc dao ct 3 cc
c thi gian khng ng thi gia cc cc ln hn 0,5 chu k
v cc dao ct c thao tc theo tng cc mt 1)
in p
nh
mc

Chu trnh th nghim

S

Loi

1*

Ti ch yu l tc
dng: 100%

2a*

Mch vng ng,

DK truyn ti
Mch vng ng,
MBA
vn
hnh
song
song
Ti ch yu l tc
dng: 5%
Dy cp khng ti

2 b*

3*
4a*
4 b*

DK khng ti

4c
4d

2)

4e

2)

5a

< 245 kV

Thanh gp khng
ti
Dn t in n
Dn t in
nhiu
bc
MBA khng ti

Dng in
th nghim

(+10%; -0%)

(+10%;
-0%)

S chu
trnh
hoc
s thao tc

1,5 U/ 3
U 4)
U/ 3
0,2 U/ 3
0,15 U/ 3
1,5(0,15)U/
3
0,15 U/ 3

I1
0,87 I1
I1
I2a

5
5
10
10

I2b

10

I2b

10

< 245 kV
245 kV
mi
gi
tr

U 4)
U/ 3
U/ 3

0,05 I1
0,05 I1
I4a

20
20
12

mi
tr

0,2-0,4 I4a
I4b

12
12

8)

5)

0,2-0,4 I4b
**

12
**

8)

I4d

12

8)

0,2-0,4 I4d
I4e

12
12

8)

0,2-0,4 I4e
**

12
**

8)

I5b
0,87 I5b
0,2-0,4

8)

I5b

12
12
12

8)

I5b

12
12

245 kV
< 300 kV
300 kV
< 245 kV
245 kV

mi
tr
mi
tr
mi
tr
mi
tr

gi
gi

**

gi

6)

gi

6)

gi

< 245 kV
5b

in p th
nghim 1)

**
1,5 U/
U 4)

Cun khng shunt

8)

8)

8) ;9)

8)
8)

10)

245 kV

U/

I5b
0,2-0,4

8)

10)

6*

ng
mch

khi

ngn

mi
tr 1)

gi

0,87 Ima

1,5 U/
7a
7b

S c chm t
Cp v DK khng
ti khi c s c
chm t

< 245 kV

U/

< 245 kV

* Quy nh cho dao ct loi s dng chung

** Theo tho thun gia nh ch to v bn s dng

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Ima

1 thao
ng
1 thao
ng

I7a

10

I7b

10

tc
tc

265-2

1988

53

1) Thi gian khng ng u gia cc cc l khong thi gian ln nht gia

vic tch cc tip im ca cc u tin v vic tch cc tip im ca cc cui
cng
2) Cc gi tr ca TRV c quy nh cc bng thch hp
3) c mt s nh gi y cn phi c hai xri th nghim. Tuy nhin,
cho php ch lm mt xri th nghim vi in p U dng nh mc, vi iu
kin l cn phi tin hnh 10 chu trnh vi trnh t th nghim 1 v 12 chu
trnh vi trnh t th nghim 5b. Cc thng
s ca TRV c quy nh im
4)
4) Cc gi tr nh ca TRV l 1,15 ca cc gi tr c cho cc bng thch hp
5) i vi cc dao ct thao tc theo tng cc, dng 1,2 U/ 3 . i vi cc dao
khc dng 1,4 U/ 3 .
6) i vi cc in p nh mc bng v ln hn 245 kV, khuyn ngh ch nn
xem xt cc li c trung tnh ni t, v cc dn t in c trung tnh ni t.

i vi cc li c in p nh mc nh hn, c th xem xt cc li c trung tnh

cch ly v/hoc cc t in c trung tnh cch ly. Mch th nghim phi l tiu biu
cho ng dng c xem xt. in p th nghim phi bng tch ca U/ 3 nhn vi
mt trong cc h s sau y:
a) 1,0 i vi cc th nghim tng ng vi cc li c trung tnh ni t m khng
c
nh hng tng h ng k ca cc pha k bn ca mch in dung, v
d cc dn
t in c trung tnh ni t;
b) 1,75 i vi cc my ct thao tc tng cc mt cho cc th nghim tng ng
vi
vic ct trn cc li khc vi cc li c trung tnh ni t hoc vi vic
ct cc
dn t in c trung tnh cch ly.
c) 2 vi cc th nghim tng ng vi vic ct trong cc li khc vi cc li c
trung tnh ni t, hoc ct cc t in c trung tnh cch ly, c th s
dng cc
gi tr nh hn theo tho thun gia nh ch to v bn s dng
xt n gi tr
c bit v thi gian khng ng u gia cc cc.
7) Vi cc dao ct thao tc tng cc mt, cn tin hnh hai th nghim, nh ng
in p th nghim 1,0 Ima phi l U/ 3 .
8) Vic m ng b vi vic tch cc tip im 30 in mi, nu iu ny
l khng th lm c, th phi tin hnh 30 chu trnh thao tc khng ng b
ho.
9) t nht cn thc hin 3 thao tc ng trong phm vi 15 in ca gi tr
nh ca in
p t vo.
10) Nu c quy nh mt dng in ct ti thiu, th th nghim phi c tin
hnh gi tr , hn l gia 0,2 v 0,4 ln I5b

Bng VIII
Quy nh v in p phc hi i vi cc th nghim
ct dng in in dung mt pha

in p phc hi 1) ; 2)
UC
Ua
1,95

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4)

0,07

Cc thng s v thi gian

4)
ta
t2 ms
50 Hz
t1 hoc t3 3)
8,7

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1)

60 Hz
7,3

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54

1) Cc gi tr cho trn hnh 7

2) Gi tr tng i ca gi tr nh ca in p th nghim
3) t1 hoc t3 ca cc bng IIA, B , C , D v E ca n phm 56 IEC
4) Phn ban u ca in p phc hi qu phi di ng thng c xc
nh bi gc to v im c to Ua , ta nh ch hnh 7

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55

Bng IX
Cc gi tr gi v qu in p thao tc cc i cho php khi ct
cc dng in in dung v dng in in cm
in p
nh
mc
U
(kV)
hiu
dng
(1)
52
72,5
100
123
145
170
245
300
362
420
525
765

in p
nh mc
chu xung
st
(kV)
gi tr
nh
(2)
250
325
380
450
450
550
550
650
650
750
850
950
1050
950
1050
1050
1175
1300
1425
1425
1550
1800
2100

Qu in p thao tc cho php cc i so vi t

A
B
(kV) nh

(3)
149
207
246
286
302
352
356
415
417
487
540
600
600
637
735
710
800
790
895
900
985
1125
1250

P.U ca ct
2
ln
3
(4)
3,5
3,5
3
3,5
3
3,5
3
3,5
3
3,5
2,7
3
3
2,6
3
2,4
2,7
2,3
2,6
2,1
2,3
1,8
2

(1)

(kV) nh

(5)
106
148
204
204
251
251
297
297
348
348
400
400
400
490
490
592
592
688
688
858
858
1125
1250

P.U ca ct
2
ln
3

(1)

(6)
2,5
2,5
2,5
2,5
2,5
2,5
2,5
2,5
2,5
2,5
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
1,8
2

Ghi ch:1. Gii hn ca qu in p thao tc cc i cc gi tr ny

bo m khng c phng in gia cc pha.
2. Cc gi tr ca cc ct A p dng cho cc dao ct s dng
chung, dng
thao tc cc mch in dung v in cm,
thng c s dng trong
cc li in.
Cc gi tr cc ct B p dng cho cc dao ct s dng
c bit d
kin thao tc cc mch in dung v in
cm trong cc li c cc
vn c bit
v phi hp cch in nh hn ch nng lng do cc
chng st hp th, phng in cc cu n v.v...
3. Vi cc in p nh mc bng v cao hn 245 kV, ch cc li v cc
dn t in hoc cc cun khng c trung tnh ni
t c xem xt
p dng cc gi tr ct B.
khng th

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56

Trnh t th nghim 1:
I = I1
Trnh t th nghim 3:
I = 0,05 I1
Mch cung cp h s cng
sut 0,2
ZT = ZS + ZL

Z S 0,15 0,03 Z T

Cc thng s ca TRV: Bng

III
Mch ph ti
H s cng sut = 0,65 0,75
Mch
cung cp

dao ct cn
th nghim

Mch
ph ti

Hnh 1a. Mch chung

Hnh 1b. Ph ti u ni hnh tam gic

Hnh 1c. Ph ti u ni theo hnh sao

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57

Hnh 1. Mch ba pha dng cho th nghim ng v ct cc dng

in ph ti,
ch yu l tc dng, cc trnh t th nghim 1 v
3

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58

hnh trang 38.

in p phc hi qu (1 - cos) TRV
in

on dc TRV

Thi gian

Ch t dng

hnh trang 37
in p phc hi
t dng in

Ch t dng in

in p pha ngun

Thi gian

in p qu
pha ngun

Mch ngun
ti
cung cp

Dao ct cn

in p

th nghim

th nghim

Mch ngun
cung cp
cp

Dao ct cn
th nghim

Dao ct cn
nghim 2a
th nghim
nghim 2b

in p

Thi gian

in p
th nghim

Mch ph ti

th nghim

in p

Ch

in p qu
pha ti

Mch ph ti

Mch ph

in p
Mch ngun
th nghim
cung

t i vi trnh t th
t i vi trnh t th
cho cc in p 245

kV

Hnh 2. Mch mt pha cho cc th nghim ng v ct cc dng

in ph ti,
ch yu l tc dng, cc trnh t th nghim 1 v
3
Hnh 3. Mch ba pha cho cc th nghim ng v ct cc
dng in ca
mch vng ng ca cc DK ti in
v cc MBA vn hnh song song cc trnh t th nghim
2a v 2b
Hnh 4. Mch mt pha cho cc th nghim ng v ct cc
dng in ca
mch vng ng ca cc DK ti in
v cc MBA vn hnh song song cc trnh t th nghim
2a v 2b

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265-2

V hoc b
ca dao ct

mch,

1988

59

Phng n ni t nu ngun
cung cp c trung tnh ni t

Thit b ch
dng in

Hnh 5. Mch ba pha cho cc th nghim ng cc dng ngn

V hoc b
th nghim
ca dao ct
VIIA v VIIB

chu trnh th nghim 6

in p

Thit b ch

in p v dng in

th nghim

dng in

c xc nh cc bng

Hnh 6. Mch mt pha cho cc th nghim ng cc dng ngn mch,

chu trnh th nghim 6

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1988

in p

Ch yu c dng (1-cos)

60

Thi gian

Hnh 7. in p phc hi cho cc th nghim ct cc dng in dung

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61

in p v dng in th nghim c
xc nh cc bng VIIA v VIIB
- Mch ngun cung cp
H s cng sut 0,2
ZT = ZS + ZL

Z S 0,15 0,03 Z T

C c thng s ca TRV, bng III, VIIA v VIIB

- Mch ph ti
H s cng sut = 0,65 - 0,75
- Trnh t th nghim 2a. mch vng ng
ca cc DK ti in :
in p th nghim = 0,2U
i vi in p nh mc di 300 kV
in p th nghim = 0,15U
i vi in p nh mc bng v cao hn 300 kV
Dng th nghim = I2a
H s cng sut 0,3
Thng s ca TRV: bng IVA
- Trnh t th nghim 2b- cc MBA vn hnh song song
in p th nghim = 0,15U
Dng th nghim = I2b
H s cng sut 0,2
Thng s ca TRV. bng IVB
- Trnh t th nghim 2a: mch vng ng
ca cc DK ti in
in p v dng th nghim, v thng s
ca TRV c xc nh cc bng IVA, VIIA v VIIB
H s cng sut 0,3
- Trnh t th nghim 2b: cc MBA vn hnh song song
in p v dng th nghim, v thng s
ca TRV c xc nh cc bng IVA, VIIA v VIIB
H s cng sut 0,2

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