1

Review of last
years work
Id better work
through this
chapter, just to
make sure.

I hope you remember

last years work!

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Chapter Contents
1:01
1:02
1:03
1:04
1:05
1:06
1:07

Beginnings in number
Number: Its order and structure
Fractions
Decimals
Percentages
Angles
Plane shapes

NS41
NS41
NS43
NS43
NS43
SGS42

1:08 Solid shapes

1:09 Measurement
1:10 Directed numbers
1:11 The number plane
1:12 Algebra
Working Mathematically

SGS41
MS41, MS42, MS43
NS42
PAS45
PAS414

SGS43

Learning Outcomes
As this is a review chapter many outcomes are addressed. These include:
NS41, NS42, NS43, PAS41, PAS42, PAS43, PAS44, PAS45, MS41, MS42, MS43,
SGS41, SGS42, SGS43
Working Mathematically Stage 4
1 Questioning, 2 Applying Strategies, 3 Communicating, 4 Reasoning, 5 Reflecting
Click here

Note: A complete review of Year 7 content is found in Appendix A located on

the Interactive Student CD.
Appendix A

SM8Ch01 Page 2 Monday, September 29, 2003 10:29 AM

This is a summary of the work covered in New Signpost Mathematics 7. For an explanation of the
work, refer to the cross-reference on the right-hand side of the page which will direct you to the
Appendixes on the Interactive Student CD.

1:01 | Beginnings in Number

Outcome NS41

Exercise 1:01
1

4
5
6
7

CD Appendix

Write these Roman numerals as basic numerals in our number system.

a LX
b XL
c XXXIV
d CXVIII
e MDCCLXXXVIII f MCMLXXXVIII
g VCCCXXI
h MDCXV
Write these numerals as Roman numerals.
a 630
b 847
c 1308
d 3240
e 390
f 199
g 10 000
h 1773
Write the basic numeral for:
Basic
a six million, ninety thousand
means
b one hundred and forty thousand, six hundred
simple.
c (8 10 000) + (4 1000) + (7 100) + (0 10) + (5 1)
d (7 104) + (4 103) + (3 102) + (9 10) + (8 1)
Write each of these in expanded form and write the basic numeral.
a 52
b 104
c 23
d 25
Write 6 6 6 6 as a power of 6.
Write the basic numeral for:
a 8 104
b 6 103
c 9 105
d 2 102
Use leading digit estimation to find an estimate for:
a 618 + 337 + 159
b 38 346 16 097
c 3250 114
d 1987 4
e 386 195
f 84 963 38

1:02 | Number: Its Order and

A:01A

A:01A

A:01B

A:01D
A:01D
A:01E
A:01F

Outcome NS41

Structure

Exercise 1:02
1

Simplify:
a 62+45
b
d (6 + 7 + 2) 4
e
Simplify:
a 347 1
b
d 3842 + 0
e
Write true or false for:
a 879 + 463 = 463 + 879
c 4 + 169 + 96 = (4 + 96) + 169
e 8 (17 + 3) = 8 17 + 8 3
g 7 99 = 7 100 7 1

NEW SIGNPOST MATHEMATICS 8

CD Appendix

12 6 2
50 (25 5)

c 4 + 20 (4 + 1)
f 50 (25 [3 + 19])

84 0
1 30 406

c 36 + 0
f 864 17 0
b
d
f
h

76 9 = 9 76
4 83 25 = (4 25) 83
4 (100 3) = 4 100 4 3
17 102 = 17 100 + 17 2

A:02A

A:02B

A:02B

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SM8Ch01 Page 3 Monday, September 29, 2003 10:29 AM

List the set of numbers graphed on each of the number lines below.
a
1

15

16

17

18

19

20

21

22

23

65

75

85

95

10

01

02

03

04

05

06 07

08

1
4

1
2

3
4

1 14

1 12

A:02C

b
c
d
e
f
5

1 43

Use the number lines in Question 4 to decide true or false for:

a 3<5
b 1 < 0
c 7>4
e 75 < 9
f 0 > 07
g 1--- < 1--4

d 0 > 1
h 1 1--- > 3---

A:02C

Which of the numbers in the set {0, 3, 4, 6, 11, 16, 19, 20} are:
a cardinal numbers?
b counting numbers?
c even numbers?
d odd numbers?
e square numbers?
f triangular numbers?

A:02D

List all factors of:

a 12

A:02E

10

b 102

List the first four multiples of:

a 7
b 5

c 64

140

c 12

13

A:02E

Find the highest common factor (HCF) of:

a 10 and 15
b 102 and 153
c 64 and 144

Find the lowest common multiple (LCM) of:

a 6 and 8
b 15 and 9
c 25 and 20

294 and 210

A:02E

36 and 24

11

a List all of the prime numbers that are less than 30.
b List all of the composite numbers that are between 30 and 40.

A:02F

12

a
b
c
d
e

A:02G

13

Find the smallest number that is greater than 2000 and:

a is divisible by 2
b is divisible by 3
d is divisible by 5
e is divisible by 6
g is divisible by 9
h is divisible by 10
j is divisible by 25
k is divisible by 100

14

Use a factor tree to write 252 as a product of prime factors.

Write 400 as a product of prime factors.
Write 1080 as a product of prime factors.
Find the HCF of 400 and 1080.
Find the LCM of 400 and 1080.

Complete the following:

a If 152 = 225, then 225 = . . .
c If 132 = 169, then 169 = . . .

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A:02E

A:02H
c
f
i
l

is divisible by 4
is divisible by 8
is divisible by 11
is divisible by 12
A:02I

b If = 512, then 512 = . . .

d If 43 = 64, then 3 64 = . . .
83

CHAPTER 1 REVIEW OF LAST YEARS WORK

SM8Ch01 Page 4 Monday, September 29, 2003 10:29 AM

1:03 | Fractions

Outcome NS43

Exercise 1:03
1

CD Appendix

Change each fraction to a whole or mixed numeral.

----------a 10
b 9--c 87
2

10

Simplify each fraction.

8
a ----b
10

3 1--7

18
-----24

-----10

1
--3

10

Change each mixed numeral to an improper fraction.

3
a 3 1--b 5 ----c 1 3--2

A:03B
11
-----8

A:03D
20
-----50

Complete the following equivalent fractions.

a 2--- = -----b 3--- = --------5

10

100

19
--------100

9
-----10

3
-----10

3
--5

a Which fraction is the smaller:

4
-----10

3
-----10

6
--------100

3
--4
3
--4

2
--5

b Which fraction is the larger:

or

or

a 3 2--- + 1 3---

3
--4

10

a 4

3
--5

b 1 7--- 3

11

1
--2

12

a Find

3
--5

2
--5

9
-----10

3
--8

3
--8

7
--8

5
-----12

3
--4

2
--5

31
--------100

7
-----10

3
--5

A:03F

1
--5

A:03G

9
-----10

15
-----16

A:03I
A:03J

c 3 3--- 1 1---

d 2 1--- 1 4--5

A:03K

c 4

d 1 1--- 3 3---

A:03L

3
--5

b What fraction of 2 m is 40 cm?

of 2 km.

A:03M

Outcome NS43

CD Appendix
1
------ )
10

+ (3

b Write (6 100) + (8 10) + (4 1) + (0

NEW SIGNPOST MATHEMATICS 8

1
-----12

Exercise 1:04

d 10 1--- 1 1---

2
--3

3
--5

a Write (1 10) + (7 1) + (5

--------120

1
--------- ) + (7
100
1
- ) + (2
----10

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1:04 | Decimals
1

8 17 3
- , ------ , --- }.
{ ----10 20 4
{ 1--- , 3--- , 1--- , 2--- }.
2 5 4 3
5

c 5 2 3---

3
-----10

A:03E

1
--- ?
3

b 10 7--- 3 1--8

4
--1

A:03H

d Arrange in order, from largest to smallest:

8

15
--------100

6
------ ?
10

c Arrange in order, from smallest to largest:

A:03C

1
------------ ) as a decimal.
1000
1
--------- ) as a decimal.
100

A:04A
A:04A

SM8Ch01 Page 5 Monday, September 29, 2003 10:29 AM

Change each decimal to a fraction or mixed numeral in simplest form.

a 07
b 213
c 0009
d 53
e 085
f 0025
g 18
h 904

A:04B

Change each fraction or mixed numeral to a decimal.

9
13
a ----b -------c 1 1---

A:04B

10
3
--5

e
4

100
33
--------200

99
d 2 --------

5
--8

100
3
-----11

Write in ascending order (smallest to largest):

a {03, 033, 0303}
b {2, 05, 31}

A:04C
c {0505, 0055, 55}

Do not use a calculator to do these.

5

a 37 + 152

b 6385 25

c 8 + 1625

d 8 1625

A:04D

a 0006 05

b 382 011

c (005)2

d 13 191

A:04E

a 06 100

b 0075 10

c 816 100

d 0045 10

A:04F

a 489 3
e 38 02

b 15 5
f 08136 004

c 8304 8
g 875 005

d 0123 4
h 3612 12

A:04G

a $362 + $3.42

b $100 $41.63

c $8.37 8

d $90 8

A:04I

When you round off,

A:04J

10

a
b
c
d

Round off 96 700 000 to the nearest million.

Round off 0085 to the nearest hundredth.
Round off 86149 correct to one decimal place.
.
Write 0.6 , rounded off to two decimal places.

you are making an

approximation.

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1:05 | Percentages

Outcome NS43

Exercise 1:05

CD Appendix

Write each percentage as a fraction or mixed numeral in simplest form.

a 9%
b 64%
c 125%
d 14 1--- %

A:05A

Write each fraction or mixed numeral as a percentage.

37
a 3--b 1 3--c --------

A:05B
d

Write each percentage as a decimal.

a 47%
b 4%
e 50%
f 104%

c 325%
g 127%

d 300%
h 03%

Change each decimal to a percentage.

a 087
b 13

c 5

d 0825

300

4 3--5

A:05C

A:05D

a 8% of 560 L
b 70% of 680 g c 5% of $800
d 10% of 179 m
e Joan scored 24 marks out of 32. What is this as a percentage?
f 250 g of sugar is mixed with 750 g of salt. What percentage of the mixture
is sugar.

A:05F

CHAPTER 1 REVIEW OF LAST YEARS WORK

SM8Ch01 Page 6 Monday, September 29, 2003 10:29 AM

1:06 | Angles

Outcome SGS42

Exercise 1:06
1

CD Appendix

A:06A

Name each angle marked with a dot, using the letters on the figures.
a
b S
c
d
D
P
A

A:06B
b

C
B

Classify each angle using one of these terms: acute, right, obtuse, straight, reflex,
revolution.
a
b
c
d

d
d
72
48 c

NEW SIGNPOST MATHEMATICS 8

105

120

g
73

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A:06D
c

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b vertically opposite angles

d adjacent supplementary angles.

Find the value of the pronumeral in each.

a
b

47

A:06C

A:06D

Draw a pair of:

a adjacent complementary angles
c alternate angles

58

Use a protractor to measure ABC.

a
A
B

68

122

1:07 | Plane Shapes

Outcome SGS43

Exercise 1:07

CD Appendix

a
b
c
d
e

Choose two of these names for each triangle and find the vale of the pronumeral:
equilateral, isosceles, scalene, acute-angled, right-angled, obtuse-angled
a
b
c
d

What is the name of the shape on the right.

How many vertices has this shape?
How many sides has this shape?
How many angles has this shape?
How many diagonals has this shape?

60

A:07A

A:07D

55

40
110

70

60

f
e

70

h
75

100

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40

45

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65

Calculate the value of the pronumeral in each quadrilateral.

a a
b b
c
d
c

A:07G
120

60

100

60
120

80

a Give the special name of each figure in Question 3.

A:07F
b Which of the shapes in Question 3 have:
i opposite sides equal?
ii all sides equal?
iii two pairs of parallel sides?
iv only one pair of parallel sides?
v diagonals meeting at right angles?

Use a ruler, a pair of compasses and a protractor to construct each of these figures.
a
b
c
cm

32

4c

60
6 cm

38 cm

cm

4c

5 cm

A:07B
A:07E

60

80
5 cm

CHAPTER 1 REVIEW OF LAST YEARS WORK

SM8Ch01 Page 8 Monday, September 29, 2003 10:29 AM

1:08 | Solid Shapes

Outcome SGS41

Exercise 1:08

CD Appendix

a Give the name of each solid above.

b Which of these solids have curved surfaces?
c For solid B, find:
i the number of faces (F)
ii the number of vertices (V)
iii the number of edges (E)
iv number of edges + 2 (ie E + 2)
v number of faces + number of vertices (ie F + V)

A:08A
A:08B
A:08C

Name the solid corresponding to each net.

a
b

A:08D
c

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a Draw the front view of this prism.

b Draw the side view of this prism.
c Draw the top view of this prism.

Front

NEW SIGNPOST MATHEMATICS 8

A:08E

SM8Ch01 Page 9 Monday, September 29, 2003 10:29 AM

1:09 | Measurement

Outcome MS41, MS42, MS43

Exercise 1:09
1

Write down each measurement in centimetres, giving answers correct to 1 decimal

place.
a

0 mm 10

CD Appendix

20

c
30

40

Complete each of these.

a 3000 mm = . . . . . . . cm
d 7 km = . . . . . . . m

50

60

70

A:09B

e
80

90

b 2500 mL = . . . . . . . L
e 78 kg = . . . . . . . g

100

110

120

c 630 mg = . . . . . . . g
f 25 m = . . . . . . . cm

A:09C

An interval is 84 cm long. It must be divided into 12 equal parts. How many

millimetres would be in each part?

A:09C

Find the perimeter of each of these figures.

a
b
9m

A:09D
c
82 m

8m

38 cm

5m

TR
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62 cm
10 m

Write the time on each clock in both conventional and digital time.
a
b
c
d
12

12

12

A:09E
12

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Write each of these as a 24-hour time.

a 20 minutes past 5 (before noon)
c 12 noon

A:09E
b 30 minutes past 5 (after noon)
d 57 minutes past 11 (after noon)

a Rajiv ran at a speed of 5 m/s for 20 s. How far did he run?

b Taya walked at a constant speed for 50 s. During this time she travelled 150 m.
What was her speed?
c A train travelling with a speed of 30 km/h travelled a distance of 120 km.
How long did it take?

A:09F

Find the area of each figure below.

a
b

A:09G

3 cm

45 cm

1m

7 mm

30 cm

50 cm
30 cm
CHAPTER 1 REVIEW OF LAST YEARS WORK

SM8Ch01 Page 10 Monday, September 29, 2003 10:29 AM

f
5 cm

5 cm

8m
12 cm

7 cm

6m

Find the volume of each prism.

a
b
3 cm

3 cm

3 cm

A:09H
c

2 cm
7 cm

3 cm

3 cm

20 m
2 cm
5 cm
9m

10

11

Select the most likely answer.

a A teaspoon of water would contain:
b A milk carton would contain:
c 1 mL is the same volume as:
d A small packet of peas has a mass of:
e A bag of potatoes has a mass of:

11 m

A:09I
A
A
A
A
A

5L
1 mL
1 m3
5 kg
20 kg

B
B
B
B
B

5 mL
1 kL
1 cm3
50 g
20 g

C
C
C
C
C

The gross mass, net mass and containers mass of a product are required.
Find the missing mass.
a Gross mass = 500 g, net mass = 400 g, containers mass = g.
b Net mass = 800 g, containers mass = 170 g, gross mass = g.

5 kL
1L
1 mm3
5g
20 mg
A:09J

List the 3D shapes that you can find in

this picture.

10

NEW SIGNPOST MATHEMATICS 8

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SM8Ch01 Page 11 Monday, September 29, 2003 10:29 AM

1:10 | Directed Numbers

Outcome NS42

Exercise 1:10
1
2

CD Appendix

Which members of the following set are integers: {3, 1--- , 15, 4, 0, 10}?
2
Give the basic numeral for each of the following.
a 7 + 11
b 3 + 15
c 9 + 2
d 25 + 5
e 2 13
f 7 10
g 7 5
h 10 3
i 6 (10)
j 14 (1)
k 3 + (+7)
l 15 + (+1)
m 10 (3 9)
n 15 (2 5)
o 3 + (7 + 11)
p 11 + (5 + 18)
Simplify:
a 4 3
b 8 2
c 02 3
d 01 15
e 4 14
f 5 8
g 7 (11)
h 6 (12)
i 35 (5)
j (40) (10)
k 60 6
l 14 7
21
24
48
18
m --------n --------o --------p ----------3
4
6
2
Write down the basic numeral for:
a 3 + 6 2
b 4 8 2
c 644
d 30 + 2 10
e 8 + 6 3
f 10 + 5 2
g (2 20) 3
h (8 38) 3
i 8 $1.15 18 $1.15
j 35 + 2 15 4 20

1:11 | The Number Plane

The negatives

H
1

A
C

are on the left

on the x-axis.
The negatives
are at the
bottom on
the y-axis.

2
J

(0, 0) is
the
origin

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A:11B

A:10

CD Appendix

Find the coordinates of each of the points A to J.

A:10D

Outcome PAS45

Exercise 1:11
1

A:10A
A:10B
A:10C

On a number plane like the one in Question 1, plot the following points.
Join them in the order in which they are given, to draw a picture.
(2, 0) (3, 0) (3, 1) (1, 1) (1, 15) (2, 15) (2, 1) (2, 1) (2, 15)
(1, 15) (1, 1) (3, 1) (3, 0) (2, 0) (1, 1) (1, 1) (2, 0) (2, 0)

A:11C

CHAPTER 1 REVIEW OF LAST YEARS WORK

11

SM8Ch01 Page 12 Monday, September 29, 2003 10:29 AM

1:12 | Algebra

Outcome PAS414

Exercise 1:12
1

CD Appendix

If s represents the number of squares formed and m is the number of matches

used, find a rule to describe each pattern and use it to complete the table given.
a

A:12A

, ...

m=..........
s

10

20

30

100

m
b

, ...
m=..........

10

20

30

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100

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m
2

Rewrite each of these without the use of or signs.

a 5h+2
b a+3y
c 6 (a + 7)

Rewrite each of these, showing all multiplication and division signs.

a 3a + 8
b 5p 6q
c 4(x + 2)
d
Given that x = 3, find the value of:
a 6x
b 2(x + 5)

c 5x2

If a = 2 and b = 5, find the value of:

10a
a 3a + 7b
b --------b

5a7
a+7
-----------3
10 3x

A:12B
A:12B
A:12C
A:12C

c 4a(b a)

a 2 + b2

If m = 2t + 1, find the value of m when t = 100.

A:12C

Discover the rule connecting x and y in each table.

A:12D

12

10

13

16

19

Simplify:
a 1m
e f5
i 8x 0

NEW SIGNPOST MATHEMATICS 8

b 1a
f ab
j 4y 0

11

15

19

23

27

c 4y
g 5k
k 6m + 0

d
h
l

y+y+y+y
5ab
3a 1

A:12E

SM8Ch01 Page 13 Monday, September 29, 2003 10:29 AM

10

11

12

13

m 7a + 5a
q m 3m

n 10a + a
r 4b 6b

Simplify:
a 3 5a
e a 4b
i 12t 3
m 15r 10

b
f
j
n

Simplify:
a 5m + 7m 10m
d 12a + 3b 2a
g 6a + 7b 2a + 5b
j 7a2 4a + 2a2

6 10b
6m 5
30t 3
8m 6
b
e
h
k

o 7b b
s 4x2 + 3x2

p
t

114a 64a
6ab 5ab

7m 3p
3k 5
6m 2a
3ab 7a

d
h
l
p

8x 4y
6y 3
10a 5b
5ab 4b

c
g
k
o

8x 6x x
7p + 2q + 3p + q
4m + 3 2m + 1
2x2 + 3x + 2x

Expand, by removing grouping symbols:

a 3(a + 9)
b 5(x + 2)
d 9(2a 3)
e 6(4t + 3)
g m(m + 7)
h a(a 3)
Solve these equations.
a x+5=9
b x + 4 = 28
e 6m = 42
f 5m = 100

5x + 2y + 7y
3r + 2A + 3A + 5r
8m + 2a 2m 8a
2x2 + 3x + 2x + 3

c
f
i
l

A:12E

A:12F

c 10(m 4)
f 5(2 + 4x)
i a(6 + a)
A:12H

c 12 a = 5
g m+7=2

d
h

6 a = 1
m 1 = 5

The sum of two consecutive numbers is 91. What are the numbers?

A:12I
A:11A
A:11B

14

A:12E

, ...

This pattern of triangles formed from matches

gives the following table.
Number of triangles (t)

Number of matches (m)

Plot these ordered pairs on a number plane like

the one to the right.

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m
9

1
0

1:12 Fraction, decimal and percentage equivalents

Challenge worksheet 1:12 The bridges of Knigsberg

CHAPTER 1 REVIEW OF LAST YEARS WORK

13

SM8Ch01 Page 14 Monday, September 29, 2003 10:29 AM

assi

men
gn t

1A

Chapter 1 | Working Mathematically

1 Use ID Card 7 on page xx to identify:
a 5
b 7
c 8
d 17
e 18
f 19
g 20
h 21
i 22
j 23
Consecutive numbers follow
one after the other.

a the number of days that passed until all

debris was removed.
b the average mass of debris that was
removed in each hour of labour.
c the number of tonnes of debris removed
if 1 ton = 907 kilograms. (Remember:
1 tonne = 1000 kg.)
5 This graph appeared in the Sunday
Telegraph where a survey carried out by
the Commonwealth Bank of Australia
suggested that Australians are not saving
enough of their income.
Savings
127%

Mortgage/rent
176%

2 Use a calculator to find:

a three consecutive numbers that have a
sum of 822.
b three consecutive numbers that have a
sum of 1998.
c three consecutive numbers that have a
sum of 24 852.
d three consecutive numbers that have a
product of 336.
e three consecutive numbers that have a
product of 2184.
f three consecutive numbers that have a
product of 15 600.
3 Which counting number, when squared, is
closest to:
a 210?
b 3187?
c 26?
4 After the twin towers of the World Trade
Centre fell in New York on 11 September
2001, it took 3.1 million hours of labour to
remove 1 590 227 tons of debris. If this was
completed on 10 May 2002, find:

1 Roman numerals
2 Multiplication tables A
3 Multiplication tables B
4 Order of operations
5 Operations with decimals
6 Equivalent fractions

14

NEW SIGNPOST MATHEMATICS 8

Entertainment
103%
Credit card
82%
Motoring
64%
Household
264%

Other
184%

a If the wage represented here is $960 per

week, how much is allocated to:
i savings?
ii mortgage/rent?
iii credit card? iv motoring?
b What do you think was the most
popular reason for saving?
c The three top reasons for saving were
given in the article. Try to guess these
three reasons in just five guesses.

TR
TR

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