1288642

A
Project Report
Based On
AutoCAD
A Project Submitted
In Partial Fulfilment of the Requirements
For the Degree of
Bachelor of Technology
In Civil Engineering

By
BHART SHARMA
Roll No:-1288642
Under the guidance of
Er. GURSHARAN SINGH
Head of Civil Department
DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING
GLOBAL COLLEGE OF ENGG. & TECH.
KAHNPUR KHUI
2015

AutoCAD

1288642

ACKNOWLEDGMENT
I feel immense pleasure in submitting this training report on AutoCAD we avail the
opportunity in acknowledging to that entire individual who have directly or indirectly
contributed towards the completion of this report.
We are grateful to respected Er. Gursharan Singh the moral support, guidance and
constructive criticism for evaluation of this training report.
I am sincere thankful to Mr. Karan Kaundal for their support, cooperation,
motivation and time provided to me during the training for constant inspiration,
presence and blessings.
We cannot find words to carbide may deep sense of gratitude towards my loving
parents. As without their cooperation, inspiring encouragement and great patience it
would not had been possible to steer the course of this training report to fruition.

PUNJAB TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY

GLOBAL COLLEGE OF ENGG. & TECH.
ROPAR (PUNJAB)

AutoCAD

1288642

CERTIFICATE

This is to certify that BHART SHARMA university registration no. 1288642, has
undergone software training at CADD CENTRE UNA (H.P.) in partial fulfilment
of requirement of award of bachelor of technology degree in Civil engineering. He
has successfully completed his training.

Signature of H.O.D

Principal

AutoCAD

1288642

CONTENTS

S NO.

Topics

1.
2.
3.
4.

Introduction
Design cycle
GUI
Option in menu bar

5.

Function keys &

6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.

Drawing units
Co-ordinate system & Commands in AutoCAD
Isometric views & Other commands
Layers
Array
Hatching
Dimensioning
Plotting
Reference and Bibliography

Page
5
6
7
8

Filling information

9-10

11
12-17
18-21

22
23-26
26-29
29
30
31

AutoCAD

1288642

INTRODUCTION
About AutoCAD:
Auto CAD, a product from Autodesk is a Computer Aided Design (CAD)
program used by just about every Engineering and Design office in the world.
AutoCAD is one of the worlds leading 2D and 3D CAD design tools.

About CADD Centre:

It is Asias no. 1 CADD centre.
There are more than 260 centres in India.
There are 12 international centres.
Auto is logo of (U.S.A.) Auto Desk Company. This company made AutoCAD in
December 1982 and breaks India ltd. Company used this software first time in 1985.
First AutoCAD centre was in Chennai.
AutoCAD: Computer Aided Drafting.
CAD: Computer Aided Designing.
CAE: Computer Aided Engineering.
CAM: Computer Aided Manufacturing.

Benefits if CADD centre:

It provides us study material.
It provides us theory classes.
It provides us practical classes.
It provide us internationally valid certificate.

Different between drafting and designing:

Drafting: Without the help of stress-strain, physical and mechanical properties when
we draw any drawing is called drafting.
Designing: With the help of stress-strain, physical and mechanical properties when
we create any model is known as designing.
AutoCAD: It is a most popular tool or software used for 2D drafting. But in case of
some small scape industries it is also used for 3D modelling.
CAD: Computer Aided Drafting
It is used to assist in creation of new design or modification of existing one with the
help of computer is called as CAD.

AutoCAD

1288642

Design Cycle

Need

Set Of Problem

Set Of Solutions

Choice

CAD

2D Drawing (AutoCaD)
3D Modeling (3Ds Max,
Testing (Stad pro.)
Planning (Primavera)

Production

AutoCAD

1288642

GUI: Graphical User Interface:

It is the graphical interaction between user and machine

UCS: User Co-ordinate System.

It represent the position of point.

AutoCAD

1288642

Option in menu bar: -

1. File
2. Edit
3. View
4. Insert
5. Format
6. Tool
7. Draw
8. Dimension
9.

Modify

10. Parametric
11. Window
12. Help
13. Express

AutoCAD

1288642

Function Keys:
F1:-

Online help

F2:-

Command window on and off

F3:-

OSNAP on and off

F4:- Table on and off

F5:-

Switches among isometric views top, right and left

F6:-

Co-ordinates on and off

F7:- Grid on and off

F8:-

Ortho on and off

F9:-

Snap on and off

F10:- Polar tracking on and off

F11:- Object snap tracking on and off
F12:- Dynamic input on and off

Filling information:All drawing are saved as *dwg format.

Drawing templates:Civil
Acad
Measurement system:
Empirical
(Inches)
Sheet size:
129

Mechanical
acadiso
matric
(mm)
420297

AutoCAD

1288642

NEW: - ctrl+n
Menu filenew
Write in command prompt area

OPEN: - ctrl+o
Menufileopen
Write in command prompt area:-Open
To save the page.

SAVE: - ctrl+s
Menufilesave
Write on command prompt area
If we change in project after save it, change will save automatically to save project.

SAVE AS:-ctrl+shift+s
Menufilesave as
If we change in project after save as, there is no change I our saved project.

CLOSE: - menu window close, to close a project.

CLOSE ALL: - menuwindowclose all
To close all projects in one time.
FTP: - file transfer protocol.

MOVE: - m
Move
menumodifymove
First select move, then select objects, then press ENTER and select pick point, then
move object.
In command prompt area
Select object:Specify a base point or [Displacement]:Specify second point <use first as a displacement>

10

AutoCAD

1288642

Drawing Units: - un
Menuformetunit

If we select clockwise angle varies in clockwise direction.

Eastin this option 0 angle starts from east direction.
Otherin this option we can 0 angle at any angle.
Insertion scaleto change units.

COPY: - co

MenuEdit copy
When in command prompt area
Select object:
Specify base object or [displacement]:
Specify second point or<use first as displacement>:
First select copy, then select objects, then press ENTER and select pick point, then
paste object.
Copy with base point: - Menu File Copy with base

Paste: Menu file paste

Paste as block: - Menu file paste as block
Object becomes block while pasting.
Paste to original: Menu file paste original
While paste in other page, co-ordinates of object remain same.
Paste special: Menu file paste special
To paste special file like paint file, word file etc.

11

AutoCAD

1288642

Type of Co-ordinate System used in AutoCAD:

There are 3 type of Co-ordinate system used in AutoCAD:
1. Absolute Co-ordinate system
2. Relative Rectangular Co-ordinate system
3. Relative Polar Co-ordinate system

COMMANDS IN AUTOCAD:-

LINE: L
Line
Menu draw line
Toolbar palettes tool palettes draw line

Line commands allow us to create lines.

Command: _line
Specify first point: here we give a point with different methods.
Specify next point or {undo}: here we gives next point of line.
Specify next point or {close/undo}: we can give other point or close.

CO-ORDINATE SYSTEMS
1. Absolute Co-ordinate system: In this system we gives values in X & Y
from origin.
Conditions: Origin is always fixed.
In case of closed object starting point and end point is same.
Example: command: _ line
Specify first point: 0,0
Specify next point or [undo]: -2,0
Specify next point or [undo]: -2,2
Specify next point or [close/undo]: 4,2
Specify next point or [close/undo]: 4,0
Specify next point or [close/undo]: 2,0
Specify next point or [close/undo]: 2,-4
Specify next point or [close/undo]: 0,-4
Specify next point or [close/undo]: 0,0 or c

12

AutoCAD

1288642

2:- Relative Rectangular Co-ordinate System:In this system previous point is considered as 0,0.
Example:-command: - line
Specify first point:0,0
Specify next point or [undo]:@-3,0
Specify next point or [undo]:@0,-6
Specify next point or [close/undo]:@3,0
Specify next point or [close/undo]:@0,-3
Specify next point or [close/undo]:@-9,0
Specify next point or [close/undo]:@0,3
Specify next point or [close/undo]:@3,0
Specify next point or [close/undo]:@0,6
Specify next point or [close/undo]:@-3,0
Specify next point or [close/undo]:@0,3
Specify next point or [close/undo]:@9,0
Specify next point or [close/undo]: c

13

AutoCAD

1288642

3:- Relative Polar Co-ordinate System:

In relative polar co-ordinate system we use only distance and angle.
Specify first point: 0,0 or select point anywhere on drawing area.
Specify next point or [undo]:@2<0
Specify next point or [undo]: @4<90
Specify next point or [close/undo]: @2<0
Specify next point or [close/undo]: @2<90
Specify next point or [close/undo]: @6<180
Specify next point or [close/undo]: @2<270 or @2<-90
Specify next point or [close/undo]: @2<0
Specify next point or [close/undo]: c

14

AutoCAD

1288642

CIRCLE: c

Circle
Menu draw circle
Circle has six types
1. Centre radius
2. Centre diameter
3. 2p
4. 3p
5. ttr (tangent, tangent, radius)
6. ttt (tangent, tangent, tangent).
Command: _circle
Specify centre point for circle or [3p, 3p, ttr]:
Command prompt area does not show option of TTT, we take this option from
Menu circle ttt.
In case of centre-radius, we gives a centre point and radius. In case of centrediameter, we gives a centre point and diameter.

In case of 2p we gives two points on its circumference and in 3p we give three points
on circumference to circle.

TTR type of circle used when need to draw circle between two tangents lines, these
tangent lines touch the circumference of the circle. With the help of TTT option we
can draw circle tangent to three entities.

15

AutoCAD

1288642

Rectangle:

Rec
Menu draw Rectangle
Option in rectangle command: [chamfer/elevation/fillet/thickness/rotate]
Chamfer: First select this command and give forest distance d1 and second
distance d2.

Elevation: To give above distance from other objects. We cant see this
distance from top view. So we have to change view.
Fillet: This option is used to provide round edges to object according to
diameter given.

Thickness: This command

[Area/Dimension/Rotation]

16

is

used

to

draw

3d

rectangle.

AutoCAD

1288642

Ellipse: - el

Ellipse
Menudrawellipse
Options in ellipse command:
[Arc/canter]

ARC :-a
Arc
Menudraware
Arc works in anticlockwise direction. If starts point is at right side and end point is at
left side then direction of arc becomes upward, and if start point is at left side then
direction of arc becomes downward

.
Continue arc
There are 11 types of arc.
1. 3 points.
2. Start center end.
3. Start centre angle.
4. Start center length (chord length).
5. Start end direction.
6. Start end angle.
7. Start end radius.
8. Center start end.
17

AutoCAD

1288642
9. Center start angle.
10. Center start length.
11. Continue arc.

18

AutoCAD

1288642

Isometric views
It is used to show the objects in 3d which are actually in 2d
Isometric views has 3 planes & they all work in 3 angles
Top : 30,150
Left : 90, 150
Right : 30, 90
Plane of isometric views is changed from function key F5
When we set isometric on snap ISOCIRCLE command is added into ellipse.

ISOMETRIC VIEW

Polygon: pol
polygon

MenuDrawPolygon
Polygon becomes in imaginary circle
Polygon is of two types: [inscribed/circumscribed]
Inscribed: In this option polygon becomes inside of circle.
Circumscribed: In this option polygon becomes outside of circle.
Minimum sides of polygon: 3.
Maximum sides of polygon: 1024.

19

AutoCAD

1288642

{INSCRIBED}

{CIRCIMSCRIBED}

ERASE: erase
E

Menu modify erase

We can delete selected object with help of erase command.

OOPS: oops
This command is used to restore last deleted object.

UNDO: u
Ctrl + z
Menu edit undo
This command is used to back up steps.

REDO: redo

Ctrl + y
This command is opposite to undo. We can restore steps with help of object.

Object selection method:1. Top to bottom (left to right):- This method selects only selected part object.
2. Bottom to top (right to left):- This method selects all object although we select
little part of object.

ROTATE: ro
rotate
Menu Modify Rotate
This command is used for rotate the object, it gives us two options [copy/reference]
Copy: original object remain same and copy of that object make at given angle.
Reference: To move original object to given angle.

20

AutoCAD

1288642

COPY

REFERENCE

SCALE: - sc
Scale
Menumodifyscale
This command is used to change size of object.

MIRROR: - mi
Mirror
Menumodifymirror
In command prompt area
Select object:Specify first point mirror line:
Specify second point of mirror line:
Erase source object? [Yes/No]:
We can mirror text also.
Write MIRRTEXT in command prompt area and enter value 0 or 1.

BREAK: - br

Break
Menumodifybreak
Select two points of linear object to break.

21

AutoCAD

1288642

BREAK AT POINT:To break object from any point.

Join: j
Join:
This command join only two linear points. In case of arc, if we draw arc we can
change arc in circle by enter C after entering join command.

Zoom: - Z
A

All

Fit to screen

Dynamic

Previous

Scale

Window

Regeneration:-Re

this command is used to regain the original shape and look

of object.

22

AutoCAD

1288642

Layers: - la
Layers are used to represent the components of an object with different colour line
type etc.
Menu bar > Format > Layers
New Layer:
Layer name > Dimensions > Continue

Block: - b
It has one pick point.
There are 3 cases:1. Retain: drawings do not changes

2. Convert to block: converted to block

3. Delete: drawing deleted

23

AutoCAD

1288642

Array: - ar
Array
Menumodifyarray

Limit of array is (max. Rows & columns) = 32767

24

AutoCAD

1288642
Rectangular array: - In this first we set no. o rows and columns then select object
and set row and column offset and give angle to object.
Polar array: - Here we can set position of X, Y co-ordinates then select object and
then select option methods and values.

Rectangular array
100,000 elements can be created.

Polar array

25

AutoCAD

1288642

Stretch: - s
Stretch
Menumodifystretch
We can stretch object with help of this command. First select stretch command then
select area to stretch and then click on grip and stretch that end of object, and for
select two or more grips press shift key. One end of object should be fix.

Selected portion to stretch

stretched object

Solid: - so
Solid

By use of this command object appears solid. To make solid object select all points of
object.

Donut: - do
Donut
Menudrawdonut

Donut

26

AutoCAD

1288642

Fill: - fill
[On/Off] if fill is off then SOLID, DONUT etc. dose not show color in it.

Text:1. Single line text or text.

2. Multiline line text.
t
TEXT STYLE:-st
TEXT SCALE:-sc

Table: - tb
Table

TABLE STYLE:-

Fillet:- f
Fillet
Menu modifyfillet

27

AutoCAD

1288642

Chamfer: - cha
chamfer

Hatching: - h
Hatch
Menudrawhatching

28

AutoCAD

1288642

29

AutoCAD

1288642

Gradient: - gradient
Menudrawgradient

Area: - area
Aa
Menu tool inquiry area

List: - li
List
Menutoolinquirylist
This command give us information all about objeject.

30

AutoCAD

1288642

Extend: - ex
Extend

Calculator: - cal
Calculator
Quick calculator: - QC

Ctrl+8

31

AutoCAD

1288642

Offset: o
Offset
Menu modify offset
Option in offset command: [through/erase/undo]

Offset of line
Offset of rectangle
offset of circle
Taskbar: - Write it in command prompt area
This command is used to see all windows at taskbar.

Dimension style: D
Dst
Menu dimension dimstyle
Menu format dimension style
By default dimension style in Auto CAD is standard (iso ISO-25)

32

AutoCAD

1288642

Plotting: - Ctrl+P
Plot area:Print style: - coloured
New: start nametable view
Plot in background:Plot stamp: - Date & time, name
A view on one sheet
Insert layout
View view part

33

AutoCAD

1288642

Reference and Bibliography:

Auto CAD Reference Guide S. Karaiadiselvan
Internet
# Wikipedia
# Google Search
# www.skillease.co.in

34

AutoCAD