I

tni;tr)g1, SqiES'Tg&N'F;*FflR

B.]r' Aercmauticai Engineeting

,/l

V Serntstet'

AE 331' ,ESRCRAS'T STRTJCT{']RE

*g
Viaxim'"lm Ma-rks ; 100

Time : 3 Hours

PART'*A (i0 x2:2A

Marks)

l.WhatistheslopeatfleeendofacantiieverbeamofiengthLand.rniformEi
load P at the free end?
when it is subiected to a

2.AcantiieverbeamofunifonrrElissubjectedtomomentMatthefreeend.Sketch
theloadof.thecorrespondingconjucatebearn?
three moillent theorem?
Explain the use of Ciailrpeyron's

3.
4.

distribution
Explain rn'hat is meant by

factor?

-..r-.iontert

rn a oonc

5.AcantileverbeamoliengthL,anduniformElissubjectedtoaconcentratedload

tothefreeend.Explainhowtheslopeatthefreeendisobtainedrrsing
Castigliano' s theotem2

6.
1.

Maxwell's reciprocai theorem?

strength?
is meant by bealn of unifoim

State and explain

Explain what

S.Thecrosssectionofacolumnisrectanguiarofwidth50mmanddepthl00mm.
whatisthevaluetorsecondmornentofareathatmustbeusedforbucklingload
calculation?

g.
10.

f'lr a column of circular sectton'

Define the sienderness ratio
suitable exarnf'le'
Define beam column with

PART'*'ts
I t.

(5

x 16:

80 Marks)

at the mid point and

AbeamoflengthLanduniforrnElissimplySuppoitj]datitsendsandsuDjCCiCd
;;."dbiullia"R"ttion
or area
ro a load w at a di$;;;";-rro* '"ft
double integration method
ro*a-"rlc
rn.
oi
of
at rhe point

*o*.n,

"ooil;;";

method?

"1

:
:
?

l2.a)AbeamissimplySlwole6atitsen<ls.}tisoflengthLandE,lis'unifornand
u-"ng conjucate beam nrethcd
rnid point of the beam'
tire
subjected ,o u-rfua D'at

com'ure

".;'li;'

J;;;; *d

maximum deflection'

Yr
CIFi

i2..it,i A

I
tinber beain lti crn .wide ancl 2C ctr rieep is'i* i::: ii:inib;:ced by siecl strips

each

i6 cm wicie ancl i cm thick. I'ind the lrlonrer;i':i l*:'.istance

\vi1en qii the steel

strips are attaciied at the top and bottorn so tha'r orierail all Cepth is 22 cui and iii)
the steel strips are attached syrnmeilically at the side:: so that overali 'viclth is i8
cm. Allowable stress in the timber is 6 mpa'

equation'

l3 a)i)Derive the expression for three moment

(4)

6 m and supporled al A, B, ancl C' AB

: 3.6 m.anC bC :2.4 m. A load of 2 kN is applied at i.8 rn from A arrd auothe-,:
load of 4 kN is applied ar 1.8 m from C. Assuming EI is constant compute

ii) A simply supported beam ABC is of length

reaciions at the supporf

(12)

poinrs.

OR

l3.b)

Obtain the reaction at the suppon points

moment distribution method.

of the beam shown in fig.1. Using

900 N

2knJm

Fig

l4.a)i) Derive the expression for strain energy stored in

a beam due to

bending-

(4)

at its ends. It is subjected

the maximum deflection
Compute
uniformly distiibuted load of intensity q Nlm.
02)
using Castigliano's theorem .

ii) A beam of length L an{ uniform EI is simply supported

OR

14.b) A propped cantilever beam AB of length L and uniform EI is subjected uniformly

distributed load of intensity q Nim and a concentrated load W at its mid-point.
The beam is fixed at A and on roller suppori at B. Using Castigliano's theorem or
points A and B'
any other method compute the reaction forces at the support

15.a)i) Derive the expression for Rankiiie 's

ii)

fonnula

(4)

Compare the buckling ioads given by Rankine's and Buller's formulae for a
tabular column 2.25m long having outer diameter 37.5mm and inner diameter
32.5mm and both ends are pin ended joints. Assume yieid stress to be 315 mpa,
Rankine's constant

i, -l
7.500

aced

E:200 Gpa'

(12)

$xq,

one end fixed and the

-- loar1 for a uoi';lnn.'ryith
15.b)i) Derive the expression for buckling
'
(6)
other entj

free.

ol two cohimns :l :*:]1'i,t"il-i-3itil

ii) Determine the ratio of buckling loads
of same material, have-same
eiter solio i"t.n both are made
ff;"iliffi',jio
Tr - :-^-^* diameter
Al^^a+or of hollow
hnllnrxr
^f
l;*-;:t'ilrr-*.,a; ur"u und end conditions. The inner

il

column is half-its outer diameter'

:
&
4.

:
&

-i

3
3

(6)
r6)

:i

t
&
,r

&
lb

"'PER
i+&C^':J$- QUESTIOI{ tr

B.E. Aeronauiical E'ngineering

tt

V Semesie"

4
"/j

AE 33X A{RCR,AS'T STRTJCTU&'g'

:r
*,

_T

Maximum Marks : i00

'fime : 3 Hours

P.AR.T-A (i0 x2:2A

N4arks)

t*

WhatisthesiopeatfreeendofacantileverbeamoflengthLanduniformEl

1.

rvhen

to moment M
A cantilever beam of uniform EI is subjected

3.
4.

bearn?
the ioad oithe con-esponding conjucate
moment theorem?
Explain the use of Clampeyron's three
factor?
Explain what is meant by distribution

$.

;'J

4h

a load P at the free end?

2.
t1

3!

it is subjected to

at the free end' Sketch

5.Acanti}everbeamoflengthLanduniformE,Iissubjectedtoaconcentratedload

&g

Y!

tothefreeend'Explainhowtheslopeatthefreeendisobtainedusing

e\

Casti gliano' s theorem?

6.
7.
g.

\
st

Maxwell's reciprocal theorem?

strength?
Explain whai is meant by beam of uniform
width 50 mm and depth 100 mm'
section of a column is rectangular of

State and explain

The cross

that must be used for buckling load

what is the value fbr second moment of area

calculation?

.#

g.
10.

of circular section'
Define the sienderness ratio lor a column
Define beam column with suitable example'

PART

-B

(5 x 16

Marks) '
"30

ends and subjected

supported at its
11. A beam of length L and uniforrn El is simply
Obtain deflection at the mid point and
i

to a ioad W at a ciistance 'a' fuom left end.

double integration method or
at the point ol aPPlication of the load using

area

moment method?

|2.a}Abeamissimpiysupportedatitsends.itisoflengthLandElisr:niformand
the beam, Using conjucate beam method
subjected ,o iiuo D'at the mid foint of
{%
&e

^
deflection'
compute slope at he supporl and maximum

.;F
2* gi1; r.ie cl rs t'r be reirltbre ed by steei strips

i2.b) A tinrber bea::i :5 clii ',riiCe a*d'

-whel] (i) tlie steel
lr,ioillerri oiresi:tance
ea-eh i6 en-r.;i'je anc -i cj]l i1:irk. Fir;d ii:e
ihal cverali aii depth is 22 cn and (ii)
strips are attached at iraic top and botioni si:
'i sicies so thai overaii rvi'lth is 18
the steei strips aia aili:,:heil s-vmmetriczrllv ;.,'
cm. Allorvabie stress in tile tiinber is 6 mpia'
"

(4)

equaitoii'
i 3.a)i) Derive the e xpressicn 1-'rr three nioment

ii) A simply

:3.6

supporieC bei"m ABC is

2.4 n' A laa<i

load of 4 kN is aPPiied at i 'B
reactions at the suppor{ Points'

m and

RC:

of length 6 m and supporied at A, B, and {l' AR

of 2 kN is appiied ai i.8 m from A and another
rn tiom C. Assuming EI is constant cctnpute
(12)

OR

beam shown in fig.1. Using

13.b) Obtain the reaction at the suppon points of the
moment distribution

nr

ethod'

q00 N

2 knlrr'
0.4 m

0.4 m

0.5 m

Fig

in a beam
ia.a)i) Derive the expression for strain energy stored

due to

bending'

(4)

at its ends" It is subjecied

ii) A beam of length L and unifoim Ei is simply supporteci the maximum deflecticn
Compute
uniformly clistiibuted load of intensity q N/ril'

{12}

using Castigliano's thecrem'

@R

unilonn El is subjected unift;rmly

14.b) A proooeci cantilever beam AB of iength L and
load W at its mid-point'

a concentrated
distributed load of intr:nsity q N/mand
at B. Using Castigliano's theorem or
The beam is fixed at A and on roller support

anyothermethodcomputethereactio*fb'.-'atthesupportpointsAandB.
15.a)i) Derive the expression for Rankine's

ii)

formuia

(4)

and Bulier,s formulae for a

Compare the brrckling loads given b-v Rankine's
37'5mm and inner diameter
tabular coiumn 2.25m long having outer diameter
jcints' Assume yield stress to be 315 mpa'
32.5mm and both en4s are pin .nJed
R.ankine's constant is

+7500

aceci

E:200

Gpa'

{,12}

rr!
I
&
:t

4t-t

sR.

!i
&a

d[

'r

i.w'

Qq

:w

Se

lxa

for a colunin wrth cne end t-rxed and the

15.b)i) Derive ihe expi'ession for buckling load
(6)
other end free.

ii)

of circuiar cross-secticn
Determine the ratio of buckling ioads of trvo colutnns
of same maierial' have same
one ho110tv and the etuer soiid when both-are made
diameter of hollow
length, cross-section area and etld conditions. The inner
(6)
column is half its outer diameter'

;14

S&{}ry

'
L"/

B "E./E.Te

,/,r'll

CEIVItsER 2006'
ch. DE GREE EXAMINATION, NOVEMBEfi/DE

*
u
e.

k*

'

orrrtir Sernester

{'
w

Aeronautical Engineering
F'-E 1254

\*

AIRCRAFT STRUCTURES

(Regulation 2004)

Maximum : i"00 marks

Time : Ttrree hours

'

Answer A-LL questians'

-

PARTA-(10 x2=Z}marks)
..
and. seconCary

stressls in the analysis of a truss'

1.

What are the pr-imary

2.

Give a relation between the nrrmber of members

explain its use.

and joints in a truss and

ntei-nal dialqeter and 1 crn thick is surrounded

-'
tubes carrJr an axial load of
by a brass tube of same length La tni"13 T:

150kN.EstlrnaLetheioadcarriedbyeachE"=2L0GFa,Eu=].00GPa.
for-m'
write down tlrree moment equation in the general

method'
Define stiffness {'actor in rnoment fistribution
b.

State F,eciProca! theorern'

7.

Give expression for strain energy

(a)
(b)

Torsion
Bending-

8.

column'
Diii'erentrate bebween long and short

9.

Give Renkirre's ror-mula and its ad'vantages'

sub'jecieC
A sc'lid c,:be of i:teei (E = 210 GFa) is
strain cTlergY cel' tl-ti. vciurtt''

L0.

---

t'o

e iension 150 &{Fa' find the

*
&
&

P7\s,T B

-- 15 x i6 = 80 rna::ks'r

1
q

i1.(a)Fin<j.threforcesinthernernbersoithetrussskrownint,hefig"ibyaJ}y+rre
met'hcd'

llDoo$

F^-.,
JUO tt

Fig'

Or

(b)Thetrussshowninfrg.2issupportedascantileveralthejointsAandH.
Find the forces in the members'

i5o

loo r{

]-

Fig'

equaiion'
L2.(a)Findthesr-rpportmomentsanddrawben_dingmomentdiagramofthe
hif- Ag-g using three iacrnent
con*'inuous bearn shown

i,+-r-'r',,*.,
-i{tJv.u rrrt rr!

?-coo:'\i'r,1

y v t'lr x-E

\;{
F
YF .)."fl_+-iI_
Lr|
I
{, "nr", -'...""-._rr '

*-_+{4*:_{r,w+&+* A*r

1,+

Fig'

flr
-! i*-

r;

i:'1.:
-i1 :
Find Lire gr:ppor'"' rni)n1er'l r ' i::lu
;
-:-^.,,-'r
;:;-';i r:i:!,
"'
r;o6i.irt,;uu:r l-reirili slio-"vn ii;'-;'J"-1;;";

'

r"

1r.*I:,4::''l
'' i

i-.-i,-i i'

tiila|JT'l')'r{r'

ii,l-r'l-:'r-i uli

cf

.-aeds.

effi

r;:{=n"gff:L.il.}i::i

t'he

-- r'l-'-':i
:irrs rirvs"'

E$S?

1"3.

{a}

ti)

Find the defiectioa at the :a.d.-point cf a simpny supported bea:n of

length L, subjected to a **|*r*ly d.istributed load using udt load
(8)

*^il,nr{

(ii)

Find'the redupdani force in ti:e eember OC o{'the truss shown in

(B)

{"5"4

E'io d
Or
(b)

in
Fo:' the truss shown in the fig' 5 the cross section area of bars
vertical
the
cornpression are 30 crn2 aqd othut5 !2- "\'' Deterrnine
B' Given
di*p1u."u*ent of.point c and horizontal displacement of point
E = 210 GFa.

Fig.5

q- ESQ?

A**':--

$i"'
i

h,,
l[I:r
L.tr

h
fl

ii)

{ t1)

Si;nte anti

F3"cri e

{-'::sl.gilani:'ii i'iiarltenr

\,i j

(ii) Derive arr e"<pression ibr rhc ciitical icad oi a ccl.'mn of variabl.e
{tr\
r.u,

't.."

cross section.

*w

5.
E
E

'Or

lr
rE

B.

F'indthebucklingStressofahinged-hingedColurnnofiengthl00cmagrd
of ttre fiange are 10 cra x 2 cm
having T - cross sectian' The 'limensions
?0 GPa'
2 cn' Derive the fcrrnula uscd' ! =
r;:C the '"vcb 10

(b)

H'
H
5.

"r*

Ir"'

B
lr
Hi
H!

ll\
P

15.

'*

(E = 210 GPa) sirnply supportei at both

A beam - column marle of sleei

{a)

endsissubjected.toauniform}ydistributedload.ofs00N/mandarraxial

ffi
-q

joariofi000N.Findiieei.ncmenia-La]rrySectionandhenceflndthe

ti':

rnaximrrm stress" Give L

:{
3
E!

4m, b = 2A mrn' d = 40 rnm'

Or

R
-+

Ef.

xr

(b)

f,d

'

reiative merits and deo erits'

Explain any four failure theories and their

q
i.;
l*
q

,:^

'rg
JF
iil4

it

q..':

-s
a*.

ffi

-(:
v,i1
m
ffi
-*ql

di
tt

{i$
"sc

-$

wr'
ilL
:tl

di
qi

5!:
..t.!

*il
*ii

w.i,

tt

-t!
*ri
'-,',

T
--.

-^-.g:r:*-1*-bf

-l
4
Reg"

KA,

ts

"

rIitlt

I{o.:

gSlS

E.iB.?eeh. DEGREE EXAMINATICN, NOVEME EF/DECEMBER 200?.

Fourth Semester
Aeronautieal Engineering

AE 1254

AIRCRAFT STRUCTURES

..-=

(Regulation 2004)

Maximum:

Time : Three hours

100 marks

Answer ALL questions.

PART A
1.

-- (10 x 2 = 20 marks)

Differentiate between staticaliy determinate and indeterminate trusses with

examples.

ffi

2.

What is equivalent rigldity of a cornposite beam? Explain with an exarnple.

3.

Explain unit load rnethod with an example.

F,'
A

Define carry-over factor in moment distribution rnethod-

State Castigiiano's bheorerns.

b.

State Reciprocal theorern.

7.

Calculate the strain energy stored in a cantilever of Length L, subjected to a tip

load P.

g.

Draw Euler's curve for a column

&u
hry.

p'
*d

&:-

iita ;

ffi-

k
F'
F.

td'

k.
gr.

9- t$"t

a:ad explain

citical

slenrlerness ratio.

is Southwell's p,[ot?

b
trF

h
F

r..

*:
f.
L
Y

dE&&e---,,-*--

]-S" A solid cube of stel(G = 80 GPa) is subjected to a shear of 56 l\4Pa. Firrd the
s&rain energy Per uei.t volulae"

PAF"T E

11. (a)

(5 x i. = 80 marks)

Find the forces in the rirembers of the truss shown

bv aav one method"

5oW
I

(n\r
Jv lt

in the Fig. Qn. 11{a)

5cN

5oN
r

--n.
I
I

3o

\oog Y\00N
b xz::\5o,^
Fig. 1. Qn. 11(a)

Or

(b)

The truss shown in Fig. Qn. 11(b) is supported as cantilever at the joints
A and H. Find the forces in the members.

\oo rt

3o e-.

_t

.trs

F**a 6 -+l-<-35
I

e,rnl

40

Fig.2. Qn.

-i

rD

11(b)

12. (a) Find the support moments and draw bending moment diagram of the
continuous bearn shown in the Fig.. Fig. Qn. 12(a) and 12(b) using three
rnoment equation.
2ooo Nlw\
zDob N
loc'o h{

r*

m++
I

Fig. 3. Qn. 12(a) and 12(b)

Or
(b)

Find the support ryToraents a,nd draw benr{ing m.onnent -diagram of the
conbiri.uor.ls beau-rn sh.own fu. the Fig. Qn. 1,2(a) and 12(b) using sroment
dish-i.bution method.

R g@n6

13. (a)

A thin circr-dar ring of ra.Cius R anC bendi.ng rigidity EI is subjected fu

three syrnmetic radial co:-nryressive loads lyrt g in the pla:re of the ring
structure. O}:tain the expression for the bending moment a*d piot its
distribution.
Or

(b)

Calculate the vertical de{iection of the point E and the }lorizonta-l

movernent of D in the pin-joined frame work shovrn in the Fig. Qn. 13(b).
All rnernbers of the frarne work are linearly elastic and have cross

rtoo

I
tt

l*-4*
'{
-+.-

ku

4sr-_=

i*-+

' -*{

Fig. a. Qn. 13(b)

14.

(a)

Find the critical load and stress for the column made of Steel,
(E = 210 GPa) shown in the Fig. Qn. 14(a), assuming both ends are
pinned.
t.6EM.t&s.

l+-z(
t-

cm

2 e^^

d^l^

1.5*A

&ri

lll
au,-Y--rr

cm

cm

F'ig. 5. Qn. 14(a)

Or

(b)

A beam-colusrn made of steel sirnpiy supported at both ends is subjected

to a concentrated load of 1000 N at a distsnce 1 m frorn thre right
support a:ad an axial load of 1000 N. Find the deflecbion at nrid-point
a-nd the maximum defiection. Given : L = 4 $t, b = 20 m:n, d = 40 r::rm.,
E = 2l-0 GPa, caLculate the load the columa can carry. Serive the forseula
used. b is the width of the cross section *nd d is the depth of the seetion.

R S81S

:i

.!

15. (a) Expiain the various

I
demerits.

theories of faiiure and their relative 4rerits and

I

*
a

Cr
(b)

A circular shaii of tensile yield strength 3b0 MFa is

subjected to a
combined state of ioafing defined by a bending mornent M = 15 kN-rn
and Torque T = 10 kN-rn. Calculate the d.iameter d which the bar must
have in'order to achieve a factor of safety N = 2. Apply the following
theories.

(i)

Maximum shear stress theory.

(ii)

Maximum distorsion energ'y theory.

(iii)

Octahedral shear stress

theory.

'

K 3SL5

xs sss
B.g./B.Tech" DEGREE EXAMINATIONS, MAY/.]UNE

20 10"

F'OURTH SEMtrSTER,
AER,OI\TAUTI CAL ENGINEERING

AE 45

AIRCRAFT STR,UCTURtrS _

(RtrGUIATIONS
Time : Three

zOOs)

hours
Maximum : 100 marhs
. Answer ALL questions.
PARTA-(to* 2=2A marks)

1.

Explain, with suitable example, the difference between

frame and a truss.

2.

What is the condition for a plane truss to be stable or not

with respect to the number of members and the joints?

3.

What is a composite beam?

4. Explain the carry ovel: factor, distribution factor and

stiffness factor in moment distribution method.

5. Explain the dummy unit load n'rethod of determrning

deflections of a point in a structure.

Give the strain energy expressions for a inember

subjected to axial, bending, shear and torsional loads.

7.

Explain how tire Euler's column curve rs not valid fbr

short co].umns.

B.

What is a beam column? Give some examples in aircraft

sructures for such columns?

(l

What is the need for knowing the rnaximum shear stress

when a stmctural naember is subjected only norrnal
stresses?

10. List down various failure theories and explain their

applications for a particular case.

PARTB-(n" tg=80marks)
11.

(a)

(t

What is a plane truss?

(iil

Find the forces in all the mernbers of the plane

truss shown in fig.1. All dirnensions are in m.

{z)

Q+)

ig.

1.

Or

F{ 026

tb)

Find the forces in all the menebers of the plane truss

shown in Fig. 2. Atl dirne:lsions are in m.

E-/

12.

(a)

Fie,2"
A continuou.s bearc. ABCD, simply supported at A, E,
C and D as shown in fig 3. F ind the rnoments over
the beam and draw B.M and S.F. diagranns.

Fig. 3.
Or
(b)

Determine the values of bending moments at all the

sr.rpports of the beam loaded as shown in frs.4"EI is
uniform along the length of the beam. Use three
mornent theorem or mornent distribution method"
lq'&q

fl i* Cc&*r*l!t

I iiir'a

Fig. 4.

.)

F{ S?6

I
aft
I <

,.1-

!-r.

/
\
tnE

\(aJ

Cbtain tFre vertical deflection of joint C in the truss

shown in Sg 5. Cross section areas of members *n
square em, AB = CD =2"5, AG = BF = CF'= BE = 3,

BG=CE=BC=EF=FG=

Fig.

L"5"

5.

Or
(b)

the deflection of the joint C along the

direction CE for the truss shown in fig'.6 Cross
sectional areas of members Ats = BC = CD =
Calcu]ate

62.5 mmz and BD

125 mm2.

Fig.

6"

026

-l

74. {a)

ti,}

Give some of the empiricai formulae for slaort

columns.

(iil

{a}

calculate the safe compressive load for a steel

colunan 2w long with pin ends if the cross
section is a 100 x 100 x 6 mm I section fiS ?"
The reqr.rired factor of safety against failuri is
2 and the yield stress is 270 IVIpa. E = 200 Gp*.

Use Euler's

formula.
I

f,1Z)

crrt

Fig.7.
(b)

Or

Determine the crippling load for a T-section of

dimensions 10 x l0 x 2 cm and of rength 5rn fig g
when it is used as a strut with both of its *rrd*
hinged" ?ake Young's modulus, E = 2 x lO-t Mpa -

gati

H 026

15. (a)

Write sh*rt n*tes cn tlae f*l]owing failure theories

'

t4" 4 = l-G)

(il Maximurn shear stress theorY

(iil Maxim-uwr strain energy theory
(iiil Distortion theorY
(iv) FrinciPal stress theory'
Or

(b) A MS shaft of 50mm dianaeter is subjected to a

bending moment of 2000 N-m and a torque T-

If the

yield point of the steel in tension

is
200 Mpa, find the maximum value of this torque
without causing yielding of the shaft according to

(il
(iil
(iiil

The maximu.m principaL stress theory

The rnaximum shear stress theory and

Distortion theorv of yielding-

()

H 026

YY rb -* r\

trg tff EU
i

I.1F).rrr.:h" IlEi;,t',9ir T:-l:-jo,.l-fr\t.,{TIONS,

h4=,,1.},r/,_l{jl'JFl 281A"

,3SUH,TF{ Strh,{ES?EH,
Atr F'{} }{,,iu?X CAL
AE' L254

NGINtr

P"it{G

AIRCRAF'T STP"UCTURtrS

(REGUIATIONS
Tlrne : Three

tr

hrours

2OO?)

Maxirnum : 100 marks

Answer ALL questions.

PARTA-(trO* 2=2amarks)
1" What is meant by order of indeterminacy? Gi.ve some
examples.

2.

Give the relation between the number of rnembers and

joints in a truss and what is its tise-

3. Define Carry over factor used in

rnoment distribution

method.

4"

State MaxweLl's reciprocal theorem and what are its

limitations?

5" A cantilever

bearn is subjected to a tip load 'P'. What is

the strain energy stored ixr the beam?

6. Define stiffness factor anri clistribution factor

7"
What is the eff'ect, cf eccentricity on the load carrying
capacity of a column?

8.

What is neeant by a long coiarrnn? Hornr is it identified?

SVhat is'rneant b3' 3 c*nstant s'Lrength bear,:?

j

j i.

''fil:s1, ij::e i}!,r.' Ji*tlt;:r,rol:s *{ ir:iaxjl;}um Frincipa} $tress

theory?
PATDTT 1-B -- (5 x 16 = 88 marks)
/ \.
rc4l

.',
L,.

.lr-u!-r

L{t t

.r

1rU rUr
':.
uu;:i iijr

r-i

t'-Lltj irrt

i,lrtijvr, rrl ; r*^ j-.rf UairLrte\,e-{ tJUaiI} Oi leffgi.tr L rS

sulr;ecluil ta a 'r.ransveyse ittad P and a clockw-ise

mi;lreni ]i4 ar 6he rniddle. F ind the slope anC the

deflection at th.e tip using (l) Double integration
method. (ii) Area moment theorems"

l.r

5 ktr{

Or
(b)

in all the rnembers of the truss

Compute the forces

shown in F ig. 2.

2.S kN
I

L-

,/P-.

kF.l

1.,
-,-.\/\ -I

B&^'

I
I

6CI''"JS0

n,*r..-61

ff

,.."i.;.7

i-

...G..rn.....

-t-

6 n'l

qjoq*. l}
lrfit5
/,/i1
I
I

F'i<r ,

F{ *}"S

i2

'.

{!, /

a\) example r,iae

I]escr;be with
in

c,l"

a:;an1's!3 i:f'
c'Le :-':: l ;: a te i-.eani-, i1sj.t1 tlrrirnent Cisiribution

urethaul.

{}r
11 1 3i1, I,,
ir:..
D __.._i ...
r rL;, ] ,{-,!ir-t:J
JT'

,^,

:- -,t1

- 31::': '

,'.-i,-.

,'l

i:tctilli

,l
' f "-::'

:-"i: :.1:t c ;:

xi

IFA-*rl

4 khJ

khr

Fig"
(a)

''-

"

r-

B
i,J.

9i-"41'.

(i)

State and prove CastigLiano's theorer:1.

tn)

Using energ]' methods for Fig 4 deterneine the

slope at the ieft support and tlae midpoint

def,lection using Ltnrt }oad

H = 210GFa

| = 25 x 10-10 1I1't.

method.
(tA)

R
Y
I

*
dt

4d&,"

t)

".^.,,.,...".......'.

".",.....',."'.....*e

Fis"

i.e.

Or

;7

F{

*r.*

11i

3, i'lez::-r ABC af- iet-:gth 6.5n: and unifo::zn secion is

ii;,eri at i*:'':r:ds l'' a;:r1 {l A i:lon:.erat cf ::** kiiJ-r:a

icrkwise) is ;lpptit d al B, 4sn f,rcrxn A. cc*rpuie

thc :=;-113;3clt reacticcts using Castiigians's thecre*r"
t?rlur,=

i.

/-\

l:-],:;:-,:: .,-,';th h:*ge sr:ppoi:ts at iis ends :r

r';;'i-rjcr:tcri lr a::ja-J tr*llp:"tssi-,ir: load P and -;niforrnl:.'
tjjstrrl;iittd iaad (acting norrnal to the axis of the
'bea'rr\ e-"{
i:rte:-lsrt3r r;u . Also derirze the expression fqr"
the rxeaxiixaui* Casplacernent of the beanr column.
Or

(b)

(*

. (;i'

lrirn;

What, rs Ranki.ne's constant? Flow is it

in colurcn ciesign?
{4}
Derive an expr:essioer {or the critica} ioad of a
ttZ)
co}ramn of varia-ble cvoss sectron.

ernplo5'gd
/. .\
{rr I

15.

\AJ

Wvite short, irotes on

(il Maxirnurn principal strain theory.
(it Distortion energy theory.
Or
-

(s)
(s)

(b) A solid shaft of c:.rcular section has its diameter

is srnbjected to combined brending and

torsion. ?he bending rnoment is three times the
twisting rnornent" If the allowable stress is
350 Nlmm2 with a factor safety af 4 catrculate the
permissible twi.sting rnoment using the foilowing
theories. Poisson's rati.o is 0.3" (il Maxlnlutrn stress
theory, (it h4axlrnurn shaear stress theory,
(iiil h4axienul:r stvain energl/ theory asrd
100 rnm and

(iv) Vfaxirnr.am shear strain energy theorS'.

'4

H 01S

Regisier

N,r*U."

8"8," *EGREE EXAIIfINATIONS: APR{L / h.6AV z$n$

Fourth Sen-iester
AER.OFJA

UTICAL ENG TNtrERING

U07AR403: Aircraft Structures I

Time: T'hree Hours

Maximurn Manks: 100

,dnswer:

A{-L the Questioxls:-

PAR.TA(iSxL:10Marks)
1) Resistance to Deformation is called

b)

a) Safety

Stiffness

c)

Strength

d) Fa-tigue

2) The support at v,'hich the beam is free to rotate about hinge and also transiaiional
displacement along the piane of rolling
at Rtrller
-1

-{ b,ean u'hich
ar Fired

-i t The product

c)

b't Flxed
ha-s

Free

d) Either (a) or (c)

more than trvo supports (.OR) more than one span are considereci as

beam

t'') Cr-utinuous

bearn

c) Fixed simple

beam

d )Simple bearr

of EI is called

a) Factor of safei-v

bt

Stitlness lacior

c) Flexural rigiciity

C.;

Distribution Factor

5) The internal energy stored b-v the material during deformation in loading process is called
a) Strain energy density

b) Strain energy

c) Work done

d) Inelastic strain energy

6) Castiglianos Theorem is based on

a) Straiir energy

c) Principle of Stationary

total potential energy

b) Principle of Least work

d) Minirnum potential energy theory

7) Secondary bending rnoments are produced by

a)

Axial load

b) Cornpression load

c) Transverse load
B) The member

d) Both axial and compression load

which can'ies cornpressive ioad is called

a) Strut

b) Post

c)

Column

d) Web

c)

Rankine

d) Tresca

9) Maxiinum shear stress theory was postuiated by

a)

St.Venant

b) Mohr

10) Maximtim principle stress theory was postulated by

a)

St.Venant

b) Moh-r

c)

Rankine

d) Tresca
Page 1 oi{

i F.f

P
- J

"

:\

:j Ljelril( i i,li-*.
^

B i1* ;. 2 : Z*

Mxrilsi

-._.:.

1]) S:l:lr i]t, :,s,.,,::- :,,r, .:. .,. i,; ;'l;u,lLL itt.. :.n(m.Jer iot.ce ;:t
iiusS
13) State :he Cas:isii-ili,'5 i-ltcoren:s.

i4) \vrite ihe Clape rrail's ihiee-iloilleiri r;i,rition iir geireraj ia,-*r anil explain
the
1-5) Give expression ioi stiain eneiq\; in (.a)Tersicn
anc 1b) Bendi'r.
i 6) Define carrv

1Ei11i5.,

o\/ei facicl.

tr7) Define Euier Coiumn.

18)

llefine resilience anti proof resiiience

19) Cieariy explain the octahedral shear stress theorv.

2U) Staie rnaximum shear stress iheorv.

PAR? C {5 x

14

7{J

Marhs}

2i a) A truss is loaded as shorvn in Fig 1. Find the forces iir the rnernbers

of the tness sl,,;

Figl
tsTkN

6n'-'i *i.-;=-

A .:- |
i t, r --'"
-'bo
\.
t\

5m

f _\\-,.;...j.
'/

i\,

r.,

.i

'I

a,:

lc

f
1

5CIr kF.'

\'-,'j

. el

&{

aa

..

&-

bo

5$s

f*e n

*\i

r $f? *

&
.$

ilre

^: O: ,j

fo*;
b) A truss is tcaded as shou'n in Fis

Find ii-ie fcrces in iriembers cf tlte ir'.r,ss sFrcrvn in Fiq?

;:

2E

I :::

sclr

s*o

22 a) State and prove Ciapevron's Three moment equation

(OR;
b) A tr"o span continuous beam ABC fixed ai the ends is loaded as sho-,r,n in fig 3.Find
bending moment and reaction at the supports.

6 kNlm

1?0kNm

:m *{
'{

Qitt
I

be.am
ie) Loaded

, -- '.

::iJ
,

23 a) Foi the truss

in rne fig 'i the cross seciicn prea of rhe bars i:r

shor.rin

cOmt];

e;

3*c*'l;' and. r;thers 12 c::i2 .deie;:nine the ver-ticai cispiacenieni of pcir:1 L AIi{ I

''

iiisplacernent of point B. Given E-21{}Gpa.

t1
tu',.''--F-*

ls.
I

tr

)L-._

It hll
ts ry **-*J
e-vt''
t
Fig

{oR.)
b) State and pro.ie Castigiianos Theorem.
24 a t Slrcr-l nores (,n:

i) Classiflcation of

coluntns.

ii) Rar,line's I{ypothesis.

(oR)
b) A bal of lenotir :lm u'lien used as a sin-ipiy supported beam and sub-]ected

of

Eo

iOiiNim over the t'hole span. deflects 15mm at the centre. Detern-iine the er,tt"
r.r'hen

it is used

as a colurnn

i) tsoth ends pin jointed

iii) Both

rds

lvith loilorving end,condition:

ii) One end fixed

and other end hingectr an,

ends fixed

\Mrat do 1'cu mean

b-y-

iaiiure theory .Explain any two theories briefly.

(oRt
h\ ln a metallic body the principai stresses are 35MN/m2 anci -95MNlm2,the

tL*i:.i ,cipal
siress being zero.The elastic liinit stress in simple iension as rn'eil as i,1 impie
compressioir is equai and 220h4N/m2.Find ihe facior of safety based o* the el;, limit
if iiie cri;-ericn cf lallure for the nateriai is the n:aximum principal
****5***t

stress t}:eory

Page 4

cf4

ffi*g" Ho.:

@wes*erxa
ts. E ",its.Tech.

Fmp*r ffcde ; ffigSKX.

SEGR EE EXA&dINAT{ cN, NO\IE&{EERiD &CEMBER z0 1 0.

Fourth Semester
Aeronauticat Eng:inee ring

AE

i254;

A{}tC&\}lT STRUCTURES

ffi,egulation 2004)

Time : Three hours

Maximilrn:

Required data,

if not

gi.ven, may be

100 marks

suitably assumed and

clearly stated"

Answer,Af,t queotioilo.

. PARTA-(10 x2=28 rnarks)

1.

Explain 'method of sections' for truss analysis.

2.

When is a plane trues structure said to be statieally indeterrninate?

3.

For a composite bearvr section how do you defi.ne an equivalent section made of
one material.

J.

W'hat is the biggest drawback of using the rnornent distribution n"rethod?

5.

Name the inventor of the rnoment distribution method.

6.

Can energy methods be used for statically ind.eterminate structures

7.

State fufaxweLl's Reciprocal Theorem.

&"

What is an ideal cchemn?

S.

Fdcw shoutrd

10.

the ereee-ceetion of a eoiurnn he designed.?

Colurnras ?eadng irritietr curvature wi]-! hend urrder compression even when
F 3P"*- state wh*ther TR{JE or FAX"SE.

PAR?S*{Sx Ld=B0marksi

{a}

of t}"-^T:* shown
Obtai.n the axial fcrcee irl t?re srembers
compressrve'
state whether ttre forces sre tensile or
s

osdlscr

ffir*fi-"

in Fig-1, and

F rs*fi

lP
&

Fig.

Or

&)

(1)

Givetrrycpracticalexarrrp}esofas.Dtrussstructure.Exp}ainthe(g)
analysis of 3-D tnrss

(ii)

structilre"

fcrce d-iagrams for the plane

Drarn, the bend-ing zxiomen+" and shear
P 20 kN
* ;-AE = FC = xrn' and CB = 2rr^' =
frame shown i* F;:
(8)

whileQ=151"N'

#
c

Fis. z

ss&as

?. {*.}

*btae:: a.il eu.pport r*ections fcr t}:.e bear* sif,*wn in Fig"* g-,*t P = 2S kb{,
*
Q * $* kN, snd R= I kNi*" OA*AB = BC = f;* *ffx, and SK = Sa^n.

qr

g&

gj

&

tris

ffi& *-

Or.

fCI) Berive and obtain Clapeyron'g

iB. (a)

3-rnosrent equation"

Usi.ng energy method, calculate the snope and" defiection at point B in the
beam shcw; in Fig.4, Toial beam length is 4 m and material used is steel
(E = 200 GPa). Beam cross-sectiorx is rectangular of dirnensions

2crax 1cm.P=9k\i.
L}

Fig.

Or

{b) i*
(ii)

$tate and prcve Casiig}-iano's theorem L W}rat are the conditions.

(tO)
Casiigliano's theorem is a-pplicable?
Catrculate t}:e straiil energy stored in a ban si.abject co iinearly
varyi*g axiatr conipression of 0 kN/m intensity at the neft end and
LE kl.ils:i at the right end. The bar has a lexegth of tr"6 rrq and is rrlade
of, steeL. Bar cross-section is rectangular ofdirueensio&s ? em N l ern.

us-rder v,rhich

/a\

\o,,t

!.4

ict

a fixed-&ee colusgn cf Serrgth L subject to compression. Frame

the gcvernimg d:.fferezati*X equati.on" Sbtaivr the frrst 2 mcde shapes of
bu:ckling. Wgldt are tke csrresp*Exding criticai loads?

C*yrs!.d.er

f-! *

31811

(bi

*!se,:ss, wiih rel*vant *quations, ihe f*lL*wing teufr;L*

{i)
(ii)
1K

ia)

Effect of **q:eretrieity an the bu.cHing }*ad of n pir:ned-pi:tcle*

co].umn

(8)

?he eonstru*tisln and uses cf a Scuthweil pL*t"

(e)

Wri.te notee on tke fcliowirag f'ailure theoriee wi"tie an explanation on the

correoponding fainure envelopes.
t

{i}
(ii)

cnaxirulum normal stress failure t}:.eory

(8)

d.istortion energy failure theory

(8)

Or

&)

A solid. circular shaft is made of a material whose tensile yield strength is

300 MPa. The shafi is subject to a bending momerit equal to 15 kNm and
a torque of 20 kNm. Using the following failure theories, ealculate the
shfe shaft diameter for a factor of safety of 3.

(l)
(ii)

rnaximum ehear stress failure theory

(8)

rnaxinaum etraicl energy failure theory.

(B)

&1&13

ffiSA

8.E.iB.?ech. DHGH,trE trXAI\ffNATTCI{S,

}J O\EiWBtrft,/B E CEMBE FT, 2* 1 O
FOUR,?F{ SE&4EgTtrR
AtrRO NAUTI CAL E NIGI NItr ERi I\TG

AE 45

AIRCRAFT STR,UCTLTRES _-

GEGULA?IOI{S 2oo8)
Time : Three

hours

Maximum : 100 marks

Answer ALL questions.

PAR? A -_ (10 x 2 = 2A rnarks)

1-

where are truss - type strr,ectures found

ira

an aircraft?

2- what is equivaleni rigidity of a. composite bean? Bxplain

with an exarnptre.

3" write down three moment equation in general form.

4"

Define stiffness factor a*d carry-over f,actor

dis trib ution rnetlaod.

5.

State Castigiiano's theorems.

6.

State Reciprocal theorem.

in mornent

7.

*1ff'ere*tiate between icng and sholt columir.

8.

*raw Eule::'s c.-arv f,or a column and Exptrain

siend"erness

rati*.

c-)

Hxplain r:raxiiaaum straicl the*ry.

1a)

Explain octahedral shea:: stress theorv_

PAF"T

il.

(a)

(5

'.

criticatr

16 = 8{; ;-*aitkc}

Setermine tlee forces icl tlxe

indicated in trigure. 1.

reeeg'*bers

of the

tre*.ss

&Kru

*d

&ae

ffirq
-t,

1EUre.

rJr

K $s3

?he trelss shawn in Figure. 9 ic ci rnnn; f pr-i *e

;*
cantilever at th.e 3cints A and F{. Find the forces -ttt

ib)

the mernbers.

! F F 'H, +=
Fipire1-)

e,,*f"

2.

ra) FinC the suppolt moments and draw bending

moment diagram of the continous tream sh.own in

the F igule. 3. using three moment equation.

eeo Nlvn

i.gure.

3"

(}r
a

K SS1

(b)

Finri r,he sup-*crt rnorrrents atrc

d.;:asr 1:end.ing

moment <iiagram of tbre cor:tt'nous beam shcwn in

t,heFigure.S.usingmcrc}enicistribrrticn*rethod.
-xe
ii r-r.

(a)

A thin circu].ar ring of Radius R and bend'ing ngidity

EIj'ssu}:jectedtoth.esymmetrj'cradialcomprensive
3+"';;r'-iu1ie' Ohtain +l^:
1,:aCs );-:ng.n tiae -q:']ane ^{:lng
exp::ession fol' the b-nd'ing morxrent and ph:t' its
distribution"
Or

(b)

support reactj.ons of the beam shown

F'igune- 4" tlsing en'en:gy rnethods' Then draw

Bbterneine

in

aLn

shearf,orceandbendingrnornentsdiagrams.

E=210GPa,l=10-ama'

$eeN

Figure. 4.
ru

tl

^&d x
u,5

i+

\{L }

th\

Write $ctes *n the fcll*wing iopics

(i)

nn elastic c*l,urnr:- buckf itrg

(ir)

The south

we3-1

PLot

i1*)
({trj

What, is a bearn-column? Where can a beam-column

structure be found in an atrcraft? Explain the

stru,cturaL anatrysis of a beam-column type of

type

of,

stru.ctu.re, with an examPle'

(aj

Expiain the various theories of faihme and their

relative merits and demel'itsOr

(r)/

A cireuiar shaft of tensile yield strength. 300 MPa

rs

su;;ected to a coinbj.ned staie of loaciing d'efi*ed by a

bending rnoment N'{ = 15 kN-m and Torque

T - t5 kl{-rn. Calculate the diameter d w}rich the

bar nlust have in order to achieve a f,actor of safety
.)
h.I
t\-4.-

K SSl

A1:ptry t1:e

{i}

folicwing :hecr':es.

lMaximu.rn str"aj.n thecr"y.

1:i\ l\,{^--.*.,-11
Shear
Dt-lcGi
lYld.,al.l.l'nLilii

\ifj

(rii)

StreSS t}reOnv
DL;"<r-D

&{axirsxum Cistortion ene}:gy thaeory.

S39