I

.,{ f

1. COMPACT 5 CNC - Introduction

' ' .

( }

Description of machine
Positions of tool holder
The right hand side tool
Working data
Transmission steps_
Cutting values

1.1 - 1.5
1. 6
1. 7
1. 8
1. 9
1. 10-1. 11

Main Elements of the COMPACT 5 CNC

R. P .H.

Main motor - Spindle drive - Amm eter

D.C. permanent magnetic

Per formance Diagram

rr~tor

Variab le speed range 1:7

Speed range Goo - 4ooo r . p .m.
Input pO', ;er (PI) Soo N
Output p<Yoer (P2) 3oo

I~

Speed o f the

~~:-~~-~~~-~~~~2~-~~~-~~~~:- ~e~~~-~!~~
pO',;er of the current.

Current li mitations:

-------------------Tne motor is protected

against overload
through a current li mi tation . An overl oad co~ld cause a burning out of the
motor. current limi t ation therefore at
4 ampere .

Amme ter:
-------I ndicates

t he actual current consumption of the drive motor .

l )
Th e belt pulley drive
roe 6- pu lley drive allows for a setting
of the various ranges o f revo lutions of
the mai n spindle.

Dr ive f or range of r evolutions BCI, BC2,

BC3 ( f rom Idler pul ley to main spindle):
I. Belt pulley A (motor)
be l t pulley
B (Idle r pulley). The belt from A to
B rema ins and is not changed.
~

\'

(rpm)

Up to machine nurrber So o9 So the light

barri er and the perforated disc on the
motor pu lley control led the motor speed
(see illustration).
Starting from machine nureber So o9 51
the motor speed i s controlled electronically (IxR compe nsation ) . Therefor e
light barrier and pe rforated disc are
not mounted .

a D.C. n:otor?

------------By changing the

rr~tor

2. Be l t pulley B to be lt pul l ey C (mai n

spindle) . The bel t can be put on in
3 positions: BCI , BC2 , BC3

1. 1

Drive for range of

Frott

~~tor

rev~!:!tlons

l\CI_, AC2, AC3

pu lley l\ to main spindle pul ley C.

Tne Idler pulley r uns iQlc .

~~~~2~.!~~ -~~!~-~~!~~~~i
Loosen hexa~on nut (I).

- Lift rrotor up
- Put belt onto desired pulley
- Push do.n ootor and tigh ten hexagonal
sere...' .

The main spindle - R.P . M.-display

Range of revolutions: So - 32oo r.p.n.

Spind l e nose : E!~CO standard
Hole through spndle: 16 ~~
Inside spindle taper: MT 2
Cla~ping

1. Function f or all turning operations

except when scre.. -cutting
Via perforation ring 1 and light barrier
1 the cain spindle speed is indicated on
the digital r ead-out of the Ct:C-panel.

devices on cain spindle:

- 3-jaw chuck Bo ~~
- Independent chuck ~ 9o rr~
Hounting plate 9o mm
- Col l et holder for collets ES X 25

'
2. Function when screw-cutting

~~ounting instructions, chucking capacity, revers ing of jaws, sa fety instructions - please refer to instruct i on bool<
co::pact 5.

PERFORATED DISC AND LIGHT BARRIER

MAIN SPINDLE

<A~

~~~~~~~~!~~-~!~2 .!!_!!2~~-~~~~!~~-!i
The speed of the ca in spindle is ~~a
sured and reported to the Computer.

~!~~-~~!~-~!.!!2~~-~~~~!~=-~i
Tne special start position of the ~~i n
spindle is reported to the c omputer.

'

\. ,)

1. 2

Description of machine
Drive of slides
St ep rJOt ors - Re-circulating ball screws
THE STEP

~:OTORS

A revolution of the Co::pact S CIIC step

rr~tors is divided into 72 steps, i .e.
one step= angle of 5 (36o0 +72 =5).

'l'echnical Data:
Single step 5
'l'orque o , So Nm
As t he name says , a revolution of the
motor is divided int o s teps.

The limitation of tho traverse paths

(the Tack-Tack sound)
If you move the slides to t he l i oi t p osi tions or against a s t op, you wil l
hear a tack-tack sound. The step motor
rece i ves i mpulses for further ~ove~ent,
but cannot move any further . Tnat ~eans
overload on spind l es , nuts and gu ide ways of t he slides.
'rhus you have to stop the feed ,;hen you
";ork on "hand

11

operation.

You have to interrupt the program when

you run on "C!IC" operation .

Longitudinal- and cross slides

Technica l Data:
\

Traverse speed f or longitudi nal and

cross slides:
Rapid traverse speed 7oo

rr~/mi n

variable feed ra t es (hand-operation)

l o - l oo r::m/ min
Prograrr.mabl c feed rates (Cr;c-operation) to - 499 ~/mi n
- Sma l l cstpossible traverse path :
o , ol30 r_.,
- Traverse path longitudinal s l ide
3oo rr.'ll
- Traverse path cross slide

'

Ball screws - Prel oaded

So rrm

n~

Longitudinal and cross slides are dri v e n via ball

- I ndication on digital read-out i n

o , o l '""

scre~s.

The scre-... s run

play- free in the nu ts (no backlash).

- Feed pcuer on slides approx . I ooo N

1. 3

Reduc tion step motor - feed screws

Smallest slide moveme11t (for longi tudi na l and cross slides)
the step ~otor turns by so (with
the s mallest step the slide wi ll Eove
o , o138 r..m).

~nen

Steps (ang l e of step

motors )

Traverse
path (mm)

Read- out
1/loo lr.fll

l. Step (50)

o , o138

2. Step (loo)

o ,o277

3. Step (1 5)
4 . Step ( 2o0 )

o ,o416

o , o555

5 . Step (25)

o,o694

Tr averse path indication on digital

read-out - slide movement

6. Step (3o

o , o833

The traverse path will be i nd i cated on

the d i gital read-out in o , ol rr.~

7. Step (35)
8 . Step (4o0 )

o ,o972

lo

o , Ill

II

9 . Step ( 45)

0 , 125

12

,..

The tool holder

tool holder can be fixed in a front
or bac~ position on t he cross slide .
Ranges of diame t er , please refer to page

~ne

1.6.

Hax. tool section : 12x 12 u.rn

3. Turn nut (1) un t i l tool b it r eaches

center height. Use center f or posi tioning of tool bit at cent er he i ght .
Tighten screw (2) and tool holder
with f ixing screw (3) .

Positioning of tool bi t at center

height:

Positioning of tool holder at required

angle:
With pre-setting gauge :
Refer to chapter on tool pre- setting.
1. Hount tool bit in tool holder

2.

~:ount

Wi thout pre- setting gauge:

Toolholder to be c l amped paralle l t o
cross slide .

tool holder in tool holder

block.

1. 4

De scription of machine

The tailstock

The tailstock serves to support tile

.<orkpiece by using a center - as ~<e l l
as f or dri lling/centering.

Drilling operation:
Drills up to~8 ~~ to be c ounted in
drill chuck. Drills of rr.o re than
8 mm need a ~IT! so that they can
be u.~unted directly into the tailstock
barrel.
Feed via handwheel and tailstock sleeve .

( I

}!ounting instructions for clamping devices, clamping capacity, mounti ng of

vertical milling and drilling attach~~nt , safety tips, etc. to be found in
instruction book CO~WACT 5.

1. 5

Position of tool holder

Positions of Toolholder
Tne toolholder can be c l amped in front
position a nd in back position.

Front position
Outside diame ter

I nterior diameter

0 to Bo mm

14 to loo rr.m

Back position
I nterior diameter

Outside diameter
2o to I 2o mm

So to I 3o rr.,

Please clamp the toolholder in the front

position for our prograromin9 exercises.

1. 6

Page 8 . 3/1.6 Position oftoolholder

()

)
Positions of Toolholder
The toolhol der can be c l amped in f ront
posi tion and in back position.

Front position
Range of outside diatteter
cutting o to 3 . 2"

Range of i nside diameter

cutting .56" to 4"

( )

<-._)

Back position

Range of out s ide diameter

c utting . 8" to 4 . 8"

Range o f inside diameter

cutting 2" to 5 . 2"

Please clamp the toolholde r in the front

position for our programming exercises

1. 6/8.3

lJ

Page 1.7/8.5-8. 1:/Toolingof COMPACT 5CNC

( )

Tooling of COMPACT SCNC

Tne prograuming exercises are based on
the right hand side.
On the pages 8 . 5 to 8.15 the data and
the tool geometry and possibilities for
the respective tool are shown.

For instance right hand side tool

( l

Clearance angl e of tool bit ;II. =93

0
with tool shank mounted at 90
to turning axis.

'

Be aware of the max. cutting depth of

the respective tools
)

Sxample: Right hand side tool (T01)

Find max. cutting depth "a"
for facing

1
.275"
11= . 236"
.. J>

SlOCV

= -a

a = 11

11

Sin .,e

.236" x .o52"
. o12" approx.

So max. cutting depth for facing with 'r i ght hand side tool
i s .o12" (o, 3 rrc'll).

\ )
Page 1.7/8. 5-8.15

The right hand side tool

The Right Hand Side Tool (T01)

Dimensions - Applications
2. Shape turning:

The exercises make it possible to use

the r i ght hand side tool f or all proqral!J!Iing work, p art I .
Furt her t ools are explained in part 2
of the prog ra~ing exercises.

----------------~ must not be bigger

than 3o0 , otherwise

there wi ll b e insuffi cient clearance
angle .

r~,-- = s. . .
3. Radii:

- -

- --,.-

Exampl es of appl ication:

Cl earance angle ~

= 93
a

I.

LOngitudinal turning, facing and

-- - ~~~!~ - ~~~~~~~:

_________________ _

up to ot- = max . 9o0

T"ne depth of cut "a " with facing must
not be bigger than o , 3 mm , otherwise
the chip f l cN is bad.

- --,--.-- - -

Depth of cut at the

end of the 4th part
of ci r cumference

Depth of cut at the

Start of the 4th part
of circuoference

max. o , 3

max ~

rr..::t

o,3

~rL"U .

OPERATING HINT I

<.'.r--

If you set t he toolholder in another a ng le

position, M = loo 0 , you can t a ke bigger
cuts ~hen facing.

- - --.-

:J

-<--11->-8

OPERATING HINT 2
~:ove wi th the transpa rent scale drawi ng
of the tool bit along the shape of the
dra. ,ing. You o'ill i u:ediately see if the
depth of cut i s t oo big.

1. 7

Working data

Working Data
2. Calculation of spindle speed (S)

1. Culling speed (Vs)

lvs (m/ min)

d ( l!l::l)

II' X

The cutting s peed and the workpiece dia.

enable you to ca l culate the speed o f
the main spind l e .

S (U/min)

l ooo

rs

= Cutting speed
d = Dia . of ~>orkpiece
s = Speed of ma in spindle
Vs

Tne max . acceptable cutting s peed depends

on : -

=-~~~~:~~!-~!-~~:~e~~~~~
Tne hi gher the s t rength o f the material,
the laoer the cutti ng speed .
- 1-!ater i al of tool:
Carbide tools al l~h for a higher cutting
speed than HSS tools.

(rev/min) =

( rr~/min)

x looo

d ( mm) x 7f

3. Calculation of feed (F)

On the Cor:pact 5 Ct-.'C you program the f,/
in mm/ mi n

Conversion :

-.----------

~~~~/oin) = s
F

( ~m/min)

- Feed:

= Speed

The l arger the f eed the l o;:er the cu t t ing speed.

( ~/rev)

:}?~!?!:~-

Vs

(rev/min) x F (rrro/rev)

= Feed

i n mm per minu te

of main spind l e

= Feed

in

~"

per revolution

9!_~!:'!;~

The larger the depth o f cut the

the cutti ng speed .

s ~~lle r

Da ta f or cutting sp eed and feed can be

found in the var i ous tool brochures of
the ma nufact urers . Tnese data are the
technological basis for prograrr~ing .
s peed for pr29ramming exercises
on the Colllpact 5 CNC

~tti n9

!calculation of feed
Wo~kp~ece mate~ial:

Tool :

ca~bide

Cutting speed

automatic aluminium

tips
fo~

turning:

l~o-2oo

m/min

Cutting speed for parting off:

6o-8o m/min
Feed sil':e for turninq: o,o.2-o, 1 mm/r.ey.
Feed

si~z~

for

pa~tinq

off: o ,ol-o , o.2 rrm/r

The charts on the follo-..:ing page save

the calculation work.

1.8

Pa ge 1 .a; Worklng data

()

Working Data

)
1

. cuttl ng spee d (Vs)

3. Calculation of feed (F)

On the Compact 5 CNC you program the fe cd
speed (F21<\ inch per minute (I. P.M.)

o Spind l e speed
o Cutting speed
o Feed
o Cut tlng depth
depend an many fac tors

Calculation :
f' l = reed size (inch ~r revolution)
f'2 = reed speed ( inch per mi nute)
s = Main spindle speed

The most important arc:

o Haterial of tool
o Dimension of t ool
o Tool geometry
o Kork material
o ~!ethod of clamping
o Power of machine
., Si ze and Rigidity of machines
o Type of coolant
o etc .

!'2u~ch]
m1n

J-

o UnclJ

x')l:

f' l

(inch per rev ~

'Fne values of the feed depend a l so

o n fact ors as mach ine power , machine
s i ze , machine r i gid ity, tool , workpi ece D>a t e rial etc . These va l ues
ca n be found in t echn ical handbooks ,
t ool books etc .

The values for cutting speeds are

listed in 'echn ical Handbooks ,
too l g uards a nd I nstr uction Na nua l s .
f eet
Vs [ mwute

= S (rpm)

General rule :
The l arg er the depth o f cut t he
sma lle r the f eed size . The sma ll er
the f eed s ize t he smoother the
s urface .

x rpm

12

~utting

speed for proqr~~ ing e xerci ses

on the Compact 5 CNC

r eed sizes (f' I) for e xercises on

5 C!-.'C
Turning: . 001
. 004 " per revolution
. 001" per r ev .
Part in51 of f: .0005
CO~IPACT

Korkpiece Material: f'rec a l uminium

Tool : carbide tips
Cut ting speed for turning: 500-700f!X'
Cutting speed for par t ing off: 200-250fpm
Note: for f i nishing cuts the cutt ing speed
can be inc reased 25'

It

11

Calculations

2. Calculation of spindle speed (S)

The cutting speed and the ~~rkpiece dia

enable you t o calculate the speed of the
ca in spindle.

Cutting speed

Calc. of spindle speed

Calcu l a t ion of feed

S (rpo)

~lcct~
l1l i II
~

'

x 12

-- --

Dl i nch) x

The charts on pages I. 10/1.1 I save

the ca l culation ~ork.

( )

1.8

Page 1.1o/Cuttlng values

()

Finding the Cutting Values

( )

1. Finding the R. P.M.

You kn<Y.<
- Di ameter of workpiece
- Suggested cutting speed (feedpermlnute)
Fro::> the chart you can select the r ._p. m.
Example:
Diameter of workpiece: 1.6"
Cutting speed: SOO fee t/minute
Therefore: 1200 rpm. approximately

( )

( }

()

. Diameter of workpieceQnch)

)
1.10

Spindle speed

Selection of Transmission Steps on COMPACT 5 CNC

performance curve of a direct current
depends on the nur.her of revolutions. Choose the transmi ssion step of
the pulley drive such that th e revolutions of the co tor are within a n optimum
efficienc y ra nge (blue field ) .

~he

rr~tor

Exa mple:
llu.r rber of revo lutions for rough cuts:
6oo rpm .
Nu~er

aoo

of revoluti ons for f i ne cut s:

rp::>.

Opticum transmission step: ACI

Ni th pulley posi tion AC2 you would come
into a n unfavourable performance range .

BC1

BC2

R . P .!L

BC3

Belt position

1. 9

AC1

o f rr.otor

AC2

AC3

Cutting values

Finding the Cutting Values

1. Finding the R.P.M.
You knCY,.,

Diatteter of ~orkpiece
Suggested cutting speed
Fro~ the chart you can select the r.p.m.
Example:
Diameter of workpiece: 4o mm
Cutting speed: I So rn/rnin
'lllerefo1:e: 12oo rp;;;,
m;..
. _ _ ___.

( )
3000

r'\.

"

20 00

"'

' '\,
'\.

(\~

"

'\.

"

1'..

~/.
').9

~ - :~
C!>o-

o-

1200

10 00

" '\, "

"

'\.

~-~o ~- ~....-:
~~!I
,_ ~

<:h

.......

" '\."
'\,

'\,

~~

'()

"

- i-

" '\ - "" " '\, " - >.0 ~1\0 " 1"\. " 1'\.. " '\. '\.
"
1'\
" "" " " " !S'o
i'\
" vo
r'\. "1"- "
"" " " ~o ~ "" "i'\ '\, r'\. "I'- "' "
"'\..."'\
~"' """ '\,I'-I'\,"' "' 1'\"'
"' i'
"

'\... -

I"

500

......
c

e
>
f

-:E

'\,

i'\ "'

a:

10

40

:20

Diameter of workpiece (mm)

1.10

i'

I'

I'\

I'- i'

r'\

100

i'\

1"-

i'\

0.

'\,

"' """ " "'""'""' " "'"

"' " ""' "' "'
"' "" "'
i'\

200

'\

50

I'-

r'\

I'

i'\

100

200

Page 1. 11/Cuttlng values

2. Finding the feed speed in mm/mln

()
You knor,.;
- Di ameter o f workpiece
- Feed size in r p rn.
From the chart you se l ec t the f ee d i n
l!lll1/ roi n

Exrunple:
Spi ndl e s peed: 1200 rpm .
Feed: .0024" per revolu t i on
Results in feed speed: 2 .8" per Hinut e approx imately

Feed ch art
Conversion of

feed(inch/rev into inch/min and vice-versa)

(

Fee d 1nc
h per minute

.ooa I

7.:>~

~~ ~<9.~

'<9-<

""

'

"\.

. "'

.004

()030

. 003

tt

.002

.902c

()

, 0!)i

0016

-!::::. . 00l2

s:.

.~

"

v~

6'~

'\.

'

"\.

1"\.

"r\. "r\.. "1'\ "f\.

'\.
F\.
'

"'"'-

-....<;!-?
1\.

""'

1'\.

""'""" '

fooo a'
Ll.

0006

"'

""

'\

1'-

~ 1"-

200

I'-

1'\

F\.

'

!'\..
1'\

"'
"' ""

' I'
~"
1"\

""""

1\

'\
I'

'\.

Spindle speed (rev/min)

1. 11

r"\

i'\

'\

1\
[1\

I'

i'\

li'\

I'

'\

1\.

I"' i"\.

1'\.

500

["\

I'

r"\

'\

""

I'

'\

"
"
" I" 1'\

.0004
100

{:>~ ~f~~

<P~

I'

'\
1'1\

i'\

'\
2000

3000

()

; - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Cutting values

2. Finding the feed speed In mm/mln

You knoo"
- Dia~e ter o f ~orkpiece
- Feed size in rpm.
From the chart you select the feed in
II
min.
Example:

Spindle s peed: 12oo r~.

Feed: o,o6 mro{rev.
Results i n feed speed: 7o ~~/min

Feed chart
Conversion of feed (mm/ref Into mm/mln and vlceversa)

( )

Fee d spee d(mmmn

I I )

0,2

~0.

~0.

0,1

1\.

"'

" :\. " :\.

~ .

O,OS

'\.

'\.

"""" ~

v. ~
~o. . 0a 19.

0.

"'

1'-

" 1'\ ' f'o..

'

1\.

"" "" ""

I\.

"'""

"""'
'

1'\

I'

"'

[\.

"" "'

""1"-

Spindle speed (rev/min)

1. 11

'\

i'

'\
l"\i'

'\

"f\

['\

!"\ 1\.

""

1'\

1\..

1'\

I'-

""

:'\._

1000

'200

I"

"' 1'-

f'o..

1\.

I"\.

""

1'-

i\.

" ' "' " "

["\. "'

""

0 ,01
100

0.

"'

~fo

"'

~Q

{t

~0.

i'

1'\

['\

i'

2000

3000

2. Hand Operation

Operating elements
Traverse indication
The Plus-Minus-Sign
Inching operation
Switch over
Input of traverse path
Cutting-off power of step motors
Positioning the tool

2. 1
2.3
2.5

2. 7
2.9
2.11-2.13
2. 15
2.17 - 2.19

(~.n~wwns)

UOfleJadQ pueH SIUawa13 6uneJado

OPERATI ON

EL~:ENTS

!!DUUU~[ff)--

HAND-OPERATED

a~

COIIP.tCT S CIIC

t.

I.

~la i n

swi tch

7. Cont rol l amp- Hand-opera tion

Turn key to the right. Nachine

and control system are c nerg i z<?d .

The slides can only be coved

by hand when lamp (7 } is on.

2. Control lawp - main switch

8. Key board for feeds

oa in switch is on,
control lacp (2) is on.

in + X and + Z directi on

~nen

3. &ditch for drive of ma in

The symbol for slide shO'dS the

direction of rr~ven:ent and the
relati ve key. The slides move
at pre-set feed rate .
Ti p operation: i f you jus t
tip the key slightly , t he
relative slide will c ove by
0,01 mm .

spindle

4. Knob for control of main spindle

speed

S. Di splay of main spindle speed

9. Rapid traverse key

6 . Knob for set ting feed rate

If you press the feed key and

the rapid travers e key at the
same tirr.e , y ou a chie ve rapid

In z -clirection (saddle ) a nd x- di -

movement o f sacldle or cross

slide.

rcction (cross sli.de ) . !nf inite ly

variable from lo - ~ oo rr~/min.

2. 1b

Page 2. 1b ./ 2.1c

Operating Elements Hand Operation

()

Selec t inch or metr i c progr~_rning be fore switching on the machine. If you

change inch to metric in mode hand operation , the display does not change .
If you change in CNC-operation, alarm
Al3 will appear if' the memory is not
empty.
TO point

To adjust s peed with in a range

TO adjus t spind le speed of the machine
''ithin any given range simply t\trn the
control knob until the spindle speed dis p lay shohs the desire d speed .

()

To point 6 :
Knob for setting feed tate .
Infinit ely variable from lo- 4oo roro/roin .
tllat is . 4" to 16".
The va lues on the front pla t e sho.< the
f eed i n rrm per minute.
'iou will notict that the adjustrr.ent is
ca li brated in metric units (rr~/mi n) . To
set a feed rate in i nches per min . mul t iply
the desired value by 25 and se t the adjustment knob according ly. For exa mpl e , to
set a manua l feed rate of 4 inches per
minute; multiply 4x25= 100; and set the knob so
that the ~~rk aligns with 100 on the scale.

~nen usi ng the manual operating mode to touch

off on the stock for setting reference points
it is advisable to keep the manual feed rate
set fa irl y slow . A rate of I to 2 in./min
(25 to So on t he scale} will allow you to move
in slo,.,ly to approach the workpiece .
This will lessen the risk of overshoo t ing
your mark a nd cutting too deply into the
.orkpiece.
Conversion for inch f eeds "hand- operation:

mm/ min

l )

lo
2S
So
l oo
2oo
3oo
4oo

()

Inch/mi n
0 ,4
I

2
4

12
16
2 . 1b/2 .1 c

()

Page 2.1b/2.1c

()

To point 8:

Tip opera t ion: if you just tip the x or

Z keys s lightly, t he relative s lide
will move by 0.000546 .
Calculation of actual traverse paths:
~!etric

t raverse pa th:

NUJ:'.ber of s t eps
72

traverse path in mm

Inch traverse path:

Nu.mer of steps

: 25,4

72

Traverse path
in inch

()
Steps (angle of
s t .e p motor I
(50)
( lov)
( 151ll
(2o")
(25 )
(3ov)

I. path
2. path
3. path
4. path
5. path
6. pat h

Traverse path
in inch
o;oooS46
o,oo1o9
o oo164
o, oo218
o,oo273
o,oo328

1
I

2
2
)

Indication/readout in 1/looo inch

To point 9:
Rapid traverse feed 2.75 inch/minute

( )
To poin t lo:

Display shows the paths

I n inch mode the :!: x and z paths are
shc:Y,..n in thousandth of inch . (0.001'?
The minus sign come s as a point on the
display.
324

- . 324"

To poin t 12:
liith loo- 115 V machines the c urrent
conswoption should not exceed 4 klperes. For overload protection of t he
~otor , the PJer consumption is cut
wi t h a Aloperes .

u
2 . 1b/2 .1c

16
11
14

15

lo. Disp lay

)

rn
of
on

shCY<~s

12

13. Er.orgency- stop-button

tho paths

\'"hen pushing t he e rr.ergency- stopbutton, the current is cut from the

ca in motor , feed motors a nd control
unit .

+
- X and +
- z- direction i n hundredth
mm . Tne minus sign corr.es as poin t
the display.

~!~~~2~2~~2-~~~~~~~~~=!~~=~~~~~~~

l lll s l 2l

- 1' 52

Turn button to the left .

main s.dtch.

lr.Dl

14 . [DEL) key
l'lhen pressi ng the DEL ke y, you
clear x- and Z- display nurbers
pare exercise ) .

I I. Switch key : hand-operati on to

CIIC-operati on
If you press the koy lil\HD/CNC, the
light ju:nps f rom control lamp handope ration to contro l lamp CI>C-operation. If you press again , the light
jumps back.

..

""".*"

" 'rr:\\
~Qu.Q_:EJ

'""""

N G

IIIIII

on

(co~

I 5. The X/Z switch over key Fl

\'"hen operati ng the f ol"Ward key 1+1 ,
the display is shCY~i ng patl\ x, jumps
to path z and vi ce versa . So you can
read both paths (X + Z) .

000000

~ itch

16 . Input key~
(Corr.paro exercise )

0~

17. Belt pu l ley drive

12. Arme ter for drive
spindl e

~otor

of cain

The amr.e ter indicates the actual curr en t cons ur.-. ption of t he drive motor .
To protect the rr~tor aga inst overload , the current consu ~ption oust
not e xceed 2 Anpere at continuous
operation . The load can be diminished
by reducing depth of cut, feed rate
or belt position.
For over load pro tection o f the cotor,
the maxirr.um po;;e r consumption is c ut
with 4 li.'Olperes .

:1
2. 1c

---1,,JI

Traverse Indication

Hand Operation

H G I

-"

,-

0 0 0 0 0 0

~ -~

o.~::o

I o9

000!31

With hand-operation you can carry out

longitudinal turn ing and facing.
The feed ra te can be set by usi ng the
knob.

00G8 n:3
B-B 0000 !
El
G0EJB El
H

...... ,.

~ -~

o.~:B
~

G Jt

Z f

0 0 0 0 0 0

I o9

TRAVERSE

00013 El
00GEJ

@) " EJ 000 0

~'3
!>

NGi

..........

lF

0 0 0 0 0 0

~ ~

o ..~:EJ

-8.

I o9

RAPID TRAVERSE OF SLIDES

00013 El

I f you press the direction key and the

rapid traverse key at the same time ,
the slide will rrove with rapid traverse
speed. Test it.

EJ0G8 ~,3
B-8 CD000 !
El
GGEJB B

OF SLIDES

Press key +Z, - z, +X, - X. Tne slides

move in the indicated direction with
the gi ven feed rate.

G0EJB B

El

~:OVEMENT

)
Traverse indication on read-out

N G

X Z

000000

II

ol o

w~en you switch on the machine , on the

digital read-out appears 0 .

000000

9
0

- If you traverse in ~Z-direction, the

read-out darkens , the Z- l amp lights up.

2.3

----

--- - -- ---

Page 2. 5/Pius-Minus sign

( )

llG

X ZF

0 00 0 00

sool
"'""'Z

1/GX

0 0 0 0 00

1oool

- If you t ake your finger off the Z-keys,

you see on the read-out the traverse
path i ndicated in thousandth of inch
(with .5" traverse path you see the
n~bcr 5oo indicated).

- If you press one of the )(-keys , the

lights jumps t o ')(. The traverse path
appears after you release the key (with
X I" the read- out indicates looo)

2.5

~--------------------------------------------------------------P--Iu__
s-Minuss~

000000

sool

""

II G X Z

F A

0000 00

1000 !o

- If you take your finger off the Z-keys,

you see on the read-out the traverse
path indicated in hundredth of em (with
5 ~ traverse path you see the nuab~r
5oo indi cated).

- If you press one of the X-keys, the

light ju~ps to X. The traverse path
appears after you release the key (with
X = lo ~ the read-out indicates looo)

The plus- and minus sign

Reference and starting point for the
~ indication is always the position
of the s l ides when switch i ng on the
machine .

)
II G X Z F

000000

Plus sign

sool

- If you move the cross or longitudinal

slide into plus-direction, you see on
the digita l read-out only the nur.~er .

Nlnus Sign
N G X Z F A

000000

sool

- I f you move the s l ide nto minus- direction , you see on the left side of the
read- out a point.
The point i ndicates the "- " sign.

2 .5

'

Page 2 . 1 Inching ope ration

()

Inching operation
If you inch on one o f the f eed keys , a
pu lse is gi ven to the step motor .
The pul se moves t he slide by .000546"
On the read- out t h e f i gur e I is indicat ed (if it has been zero before ). Tne
comput er b rings .000546" to the nearest
1ound figure . The rounded f igures are
indicated in thousandth of inch .

( )

S t eps (angle of
s tep motor )
( 50)

I. pa t h
2. pa th
3 . oath
4 . path
s. pa t h
6. pa th

(l ov)
C1 5 )
( 2ov)
(25 )
( )Ov)

Traver se path
in inch

Indication/readout in 1/l ooo inch

o , ooo546
o , oo l o9
o oo164
o , oo218
o , oo273
o , oo328

I
1
2

2
3
3

(>

Note:Select inch or ll'.et ric i ndica tion

before switching on ma i n swi t ch.

EXERCISE:
I. Hove slides according to dra1:i ng fron
point 0 (pos i tion t<he n s.dtch i ng o n)
to point I and point 2.

(.

2 . Check by p r essing key 8 whether longi tu<linal slide (Z - direction) and

cress slide ex-d i rec tion ) have moved
accordingly .

2. 7

Inching operation

Inching operation
I f you inch on one of t he fe ed keys , <J
pul se is g ive n to t he s tep motor.
The pulse moves the s l ide by o , ol38 rrm.
On the read- out t he figure I i s indi cated (if i t has been zero before) . The
compute r b r ings o,ol38 lU ll to the neares t
r ound f igure . The rounded figures are
indicated .

Steps (angle of step

rr.-oto rs )

Trave rse

I . Step (5)

o , ol38

o,o277

3 . Step (J 5)

o , o416

o,o555

5 . St e p (25o)

o , o694

o ,o833

7. Step (3 5)

o , o972

lo

o ,JI I

II

9. St ep ( 45)

o , 125

12

2. Step (Jo

4 . Step (2o

6 . Step (3o

8 . S t e p (4o

path (1r..<n)

Read- out in
1/loo rr<n

l )

2-n-.
1

/0

1..

".,.

5,83

..;

IOX8RCISE :

1 . l!o ve slide s according to dra.dng from

point 0 (pos ition when swi t ching o n)

to poi nt I and point 2 .
2. Check by p ressing key G whether longitud i nal s lide (Z - direc tio n) and
c ross s lide (X - d i r ection) have rr.-oved
accor di ng ly .

2. 7

Switch over from X to Z

Switch over from X-traverse path Indication to Z-traverse path Indication

(without change In the slides position)

II

.,. .

0 ..~

G X Z

F A

0 0 0 0 0 0

.Q;.,:B I

o ..

4201

r t'"/ r.'""

E1

0003 El
[!J(IJ(IJEi} 0'~
BPB CD001 ,z,
El
G0EI8 El
( )

""'

Exaltple :
- Tho lar.p X ligh ts up. On tho digi t a l
read-out the traverse path in X-direction is indicated .

"""'

II G X Z F A
0000 0 0 ~

gC;.B I

22ool

000 3 El
E)
0(IJ(IJEi} Ot~
BPB CD001 ,z,
El
G0EIB El
rr/~:

- Press key 8 . The light j UJips fro:J x

to Z. The read-out sh~~s the trave rse
path in Z- direction . I f you press key
1 ~1 aga in, the indication jumps back to
X.

Zero positions on digital read-out

""'.

0 ..~

II G X Z F A
0 00000

".G.FB I
rl'"lM

E1

000~ El

00G~ Or3

B P B CDCDITJ 1 ,z,
El

G0EI8 El

Press key iDEL I

Only the value of the indicated ax is will
be se t at zero.
If you want to set both axi s at zero , you
have to change over the indication after
first de l e ti ng the Othet ax i s (ptess ke y
E l) and press (DELl again .

SUHMR'i

The zero-point is the posi tion of tha

s lides wh en machine is switched on .

- After traverse of slides the zeropoi nt can be set ane'" by pressing key
(DELl in x- a nd Z- axis.

2.9
)

Page 2 . 11 Input of traverse path

=[~

You want t o traverse with the cross sl ide

fr= point 0 to Point 1, i.e . . 325" in
X- direction. Th e digital read-out shall
indicate va lue 0 at point I.

Proce dure :

Exa :cple:

I . X-lamp has to light up.

Traverse 1<i th slides f r o:'> poi nt 0 to

and 2 . At point 2 the read-ou t shall indi cate 0 for x -and Z-;a lue .

2. Press key

(Tiill.

X-lamp

3. Put in . 325" press

4. Press key

blinks.

IIJ [I)~

I HIPI

If you traverse with the slide in X-direc tion , the digital read-out will in di~ate x ~o at the end of the traver se
path.

Attention :
You ca n put in t h e x -va l ue only if X-lan:p
lights up , and Z-va l ue only if Z- lamp
li<jhts up . s.<ttching over fron x t<' zvalue indicat.i on by pressing keyl -1 .

2--9-J'

Input o f c inus-value
First put in figu res , the n press
key G .

( )
2. 11

Input of traverse path

I

.,
Input of a certain traverse path

~~~~!?!~~

You want to t rave r se .-ith th e c r oss slide

f ro.u point 0 to point I , i . e . 3,25 rrm in
x-d i rection. The digi t al read- out sha ll
i ndicate value o at poi nt I.

C?

N G X Z F A
""'~

o "A
Ou.Q;;,B
r:.../tt\1\

E1

0 0 0 0 0 0

~
0

0001i3 ]

000~ lll3

~ #r ~ CD00 J 'l'

EJ

G0EJB 8

I. X- lamp h as to ligh t up .
2 . Press key fiN~. x - lamp l i ghts .

3 . Put in 3 , 25 = press ll]~~

II
""'~

0~

000000

OuQJ;,B I
~
)

3251 0 .
000~ ]

!wP!.

If you traverse .-ith t h e slide in X-di rection , the digital read- out . <ill indicate
X=O a t the end o f the traverse path.

000~ f)l3

~#r~ CD00J 'l'

El

4. Press k e y

G0EJB 8

I npu t of minus-value
First put in fi gures , then press key

r:J .

Example :

on

Traverse with slides from point 0 to I

and 2. At point 2 t he le a d - o ut shal l ind i cate 0 f or X-and Z-va lue.
Atten t ion :

I
l--3,25 -

You can put in the x-value only i f X- lamp

lights up , and Z-val~1e o nly if Z-l amp
lights up . S,;itchi ng over f rom X to Zvalue indication by pressing key 1-1 .

2. 11

Page 2 . 13/ Input of traverse path

<)
Example
r..-:orking in "' h.J nd - o pc ration" mode

Haterial : 1\lwninium
Cutting speed: 660 feet per minute
Feed size : .002 " per revolution
Ma x . depth of cut: .05"
Tool: righ t hand side t ool , carbide tipped
calcu l ate:
l. R. P.H.
2 . Feed ra t e
3 . Bear in mi nd app l icat i on of right hand
side tool .

()

()

()

/"\J

__:;.. -

.J

--~

-&

I 1
-

.6"- ...
. 8"

16'

...j

2. 13

Input of traverse path

Example
!''ork ing in "iland-operatio:i"

t~de

Nate>:ial: aluminiun
Cutting speed: 2oo ~~/m in
Feed s i ze : o , o5 ~m/>:ev.
lla x. depth o f c ut: 1 m:n
Tool: right hand side tool, carbide tipped
Calculate :
I.

R.P . ~I.

2. Feed r ate
3 . Bear in mi nd application of r ight hand
side tool .

- I- - -&
~
~- -

15---20 ~------- 40 ------~

t )

2.13

- -1- ~ ,

Switching off step motors

Cutting-off Power of Step Motors

l'.'hen you s"i tell on t he c ach i ne, the step
rr~tors remain OFF until you have traversed
with the slides - either u11der "hand- opelation " or "CN'C-operation .. and \"'ill then
continue to run until s witched off (see
belC'") .
Step n:otors r un hot ,;iJen not in use and i f
they are not requ i red fot son:e time shou ld
be s.;i tched off .

( )
Procedure (no program stored):
II GXZ

""'"

() "A

o ..~:B

-~

:::\,
::!.r

641 o

0008 ~

000~ l'lt9

B tifr E1 QJ00
El

FA

0 0 0 0 0 0

!.

G0EJB B

I . S',;itch to Ct:C-operation: press key

fH/Cl

2 . Press key (-.. 1 Light jumps to G

3. Put in[!@] Nurrber appears on
read-out .
4 . Press !:ey liNP~ Step rr~tors are
switched o f f .

)
\~hen

G6 4 is a pure s ,itch fu nc tion . It is

not stored in the rr.emory.

IIGXZFA

rg"":'
o .. 0 :::B
I)

. ..
r,,-:.Jr,'r .

ptcgram is stored

000000

641

0008 g
El
000~ Ot9
BrifrEJ QJ00l !
G0EJB El
El

I. Press key 0 un t il l ar.. p G lights up.

2. If a nur.ber a ppea rs on read- cut ,

press key DEL .
3 . Press

fill [1] .

4. Press key)INP~ tile step c o tcrs are

switched off.

\ )

2. 15

..-

----------------

--------

----------

Page 2 . 17/ Po sltion of too l bit

( )
Scratching

A reference I starting point for lhe tool

bit has been chosen in the proc;rarr.s .
h~en the program starts, the tool bit must
be in this pos i tion.
A very sicple ~~ thod is the scratching of
t he end- and tho cuts ide surface o f the
running

~orkpiecc .

2. 17

Position of tool bit

Positioning the Tool for Programming Exercises

(without tool pre-setting gauge)
Z value

Xvalue

Scra tching

'y------r--~'
II)

A r eference I star ting poi nt fqr t he tool

bit has been chosen i n t he progra ~s .
1..-n en the progr am starts, t he tool bit must
be in t h is posi t ion .
A very simple me thod is t he scratching of
the end- and the outs i de s ur f ace of the
r unnin9 wo rkpiece .

)
Pay attention:
!. Tool bit must be se t at cen t er he i ght.

2 . Angle ~ ~ust be large r than 9o0 , other wise you ca nnot face- tur n {compare
r i ght hand s i de tool) .
3 . Neve r move t he tool bit into a staticnary .-:orkpiece , be c a us e edge of t ool
bit 1r.ay break .
1

\~hen

2. 17

scratching , the nain spindle must r un .

----

------ ----

------

Page 2.19/ Posltlon oftool bit

Positioning the tool bit to program start position

(J

I.

~:ove

tool bit .o2!>" in +X- dlrection.

2. Move tool b it .o2!>" in +Z- direction .

NGXZFA

ooeooo

25

NGXZFA

oooeoo

I I

25 1

T"ne t r aversed paths arc indi cated in xand Z- di r ection on r ead-out. By pressi ng
the ke)~the indication j~ps froo X
to Z a nd vice - versa, without any traver se
o( the tool bit.

(
2.19

Position of tool bit

Positioning

~al~t;_L_Zero-posi tion

- - - -

I. S:;i tch to "hand- operation", set l <Y.< feed.

2 . Travers e ~-:ith t oo l bit that it scr atches
c ad of :<o r;:piece s l igh tly (~<otkpiece
r,ust turn) .
3 . z - value indication to be set to 0
(press key DEL) .

-1-1:>-l<>c:>l- - . - -

~~-ue

I.

I ~-~si tion

~:ove

t ool bit so that you scratch outside surface slightly.

2 . Set X-l ndication to 0 (press key DEL) .

Positioning the tool bit to program start position

)
I.

~~ve

tool bit

2. 1-!ove tool bit

~~ in

+X- directi on.

5 rr.rn in +Z-di rec tion.

5 .. 1 II
N

000000

I sool

Tne t raversed paths are indicated in xand Z-direct ion o n read-o ut. By pressing
the key
the indication j umps froJ X
to z and vi ce-versa, without any traverse
of the tool bit.

2. 19

3. CNCOperation

I. }

I}

Operating elements
Summaries
Metric/Inch machine
NC-Machine
CNC-Machlne - Main elements
What happens in CNC-Manufacture?
CNC-Machine - Hand operated machine
Setting up an NC-program
Coordinate system
Description of traverse path
Kind of program
Geometrical information
Feed
Preparatory functions (Gfunctions)
External structure
The format

3. 1
3. 3-3.4
3; 5. 3. 6
3. 7
3. 8. 3. 9

3. 10 3. 13
3.153.17
3.193.31
3.33

3.35
3.37
3. 39-3.45
3.47
3.49
3.513.53
3.55

Page 3 . 1a

()

Operating Elements CNC-Operation

(Summary)

Summary entries in to program s heet

and machine (inch)
1. Address N: Block numbers oo-95 (96
blocks)

()

2. Address G: Preparatory f unc tions

()

GOO/G0 1/ G02/G03 .....

3 . Address X: Traverse path in

* X di-

rection .
!l~'!~l~.H_o_n.; 1/1ooo inch
without decimal point
Possibl e X-values: X=O to
T i999- (o- t~- i .999" J

x-;;

4 . Address Z: Traverse of path i n t z

direction .
E~Ql.J,IJ;i>'1:. 1/1ooo inch
without decimal poin t
Possi b le va l ues: Z=O to Z
;;; T 19999 - io- "t.:;- 19 . 999">
5. Address 1':
- Feed speed with preparatory functions

G01 /G02/G03/G84

!l<iS.9.!\!..t1QU 1/1o inch per minute with out decimal point .

!'2'!S_i2~e- ~'!.1~'!!'!: 1-199 tha t is
.1-19.9 inch pe r minute .

- Thread pitch .ith preparatory functions

!>33/G78
~e2~~u~iOE l

1/1ooo inch per revolution

point
~O_!!S_!b_!e_vj'll_!J<;!.S...i 1-1 99 that are pitches from . oo1" to . 199" .
without

dec~mal

In the column "remarks" you note type o f

tools , cu tting spe ed , etc . , times, etc .
in t he column "s" the s pindle speed .
(

(.)
3. 1a

Operating Elements CNC-Operation

(Summary)

SUl~'IAR'i

- ENTRIES Ir-n'O

P ROGRJI.'~'IING

S HEET

Scheme
I.

Address N

Block nu=bcrs 00 - 95 (96 blocks)

2. Address G
Path functions GOO/GO I/002 . . ..
3. Address X
Traverse path (coordi nati) in X-direc t ion
in hu ndredth of tMI; 0 - - 5999
Tne input 5999 correspo nds to 59, 99 u~
traverse path.
4 . Address Z
Traverse path (coordinate) in Z- di rection
in hundr edth of ~; 0 - ~39999
Tne input 39999 correstponds to 399 , 99 em
traverse path.
5 . Address F

- Feed speed 0 - 499 rr~/min

- Th read pitch from 1-499 (in 1/loo

c~)

6. Remarks:
I n this column you ente r notes s uch
as right hand side tool, boring t ool,
worki ng step, etc.

3. 1a

0
-.;

...
('0

Q)

Q.

0I
0

...c
(/)

Q)

--w

Q)

......c0
0

"0

c('0
I

-....0..
('0

Q)

Q.

3. 1b
J

l.

Main switch

Turn key to the right . M~chine and control system arc energized.
2. Control lamo - main switch
When main switch is on, control lamp
(2) is on.
3 . Emcrgcnsy-stop- button
Wnen pushing the emergency-stop-button
.you cut the current f rom the main motor, feed motors and control unit.

~~~~~2~2~~2-~~~2~s~=~~~~=~~~~~~l
Turn button to the loft . Switch on
main switch .
p

.....
()

~.

_..
Switch key: hand-operation to CNCoporation

If you press the key HIC, tho light

jumps from control lamp hand-operation
to control lamp CNC- operation. If you
press agai~the light jumps b ack .

6 . Swi tch f or option between inch or

metr ic programming (only us- machine

version) .
7 . Ammeter for drive motor o f main
spindle
Tne ammeter indi cates the actual curr ent consumption of the drive motor.
To protect the motor agai ns t overload,
the current consumption muct not e xceed 2 ~~pe rc at continuous operation .
The load can be diminished by r educing
depth of cut, feed rate or belt position . (safe range)
8 . Cassett e dock (acccssorv)

N-G - x - z~F

13 . The display
1o. Control l amp - CNC-operation
11. Start key !START!
When operating the start key, the recorded program will start .
12. Key board for i nput of program,
correction of program, etc.
(compare also detailed explanation)

Indica ting tho number values of the relative words and the various a l arm codes.
14 . Indication lamp f or addresses
N I G I X I

zI

15 . Ala rm l amp

drive

1 2 1. Kcyz @} to [2]

Theze keys serve for input o f

number combinationc for addresses
GIX/Z/F

4 . Display of main spindle speed

5 . Main spindle button (on/off)

12. 7 . Thei- l key

When operating the 1~1 key, the
display zignal will jump forward
word by word . The recorded values
will be shown.

12.2 . Minus key B

'!>'hen you press the key G aft er
input of X or Z numbers, thccc
wil l be recorded in thy memory as
minus value.
12. 3. Input key IINPI
When pressing the input key ~.
you r ecord the value in the memory .

12 . 4

Delete key !DELi

12.5 . Reverse l<cy IREVJ

The display signal will jump back
block by block, when operating
IREVl
12 . 6 . Forward key !FivDJ
'.!"he display signal ...i ll jump f orward block by block (NOO - N01 N02 e t c . ) .

"'

18
17. Perforated disc
nera tor

wi~h

17
impul se ge-

To synchronize main spindle drive and

feed drives; besides that for display
of zpindle speeds .
1~ . Perforated disc with impulse generator

To control load of drive motor of main

spindle.
Sec ~lso p~ge 1. 1, chapter: Load control
of motor.

Page 3.4/ Summary

)
(

2 . TAPE

Operation

OPERATIC~

AOS

Tape end with SAVE

Program hold

A09

Pro2ram not found; no G22

on t ape

AIO

Writing protection active

Press ke y (IN P) + (REV)

All

LOading mistal<e

Delete program

pr~rruuned

Press key (It1Pf + (F't1Dl

Pro2ram interruption

First press @IDJ then (INPf

Block n~-~er mus t be i ndicated.

Al2 Cl!ecl<ing mistal<e

( )

Delete alarm

Press key ImP) + IREvf

3. ONLY NITH ~!E'l'RIC/INCH

TYPE fo'.ACHHIE
Correcti on of input

Al3

Incii/Hil limeter change over with

f ull program c~~oy

Press key~ put in correct value ,

press key (INP!.

Al4

wrong path di mens i on for loaded

prog r am

Cassette tape ope ration

See chapter 7

The system of axes

-z

Inputs
Plus -~linu s

inputs of X,Z- values

Plus inputs : Figures to be put in without sign

Minus i mputs : after input o f figures
press key E) .
Input of figures

l)

3.4
/

Page 3.3 /

( )

I nch Summary

Summary
92:~ - Lone).

turni ng cyc_!e (c an cycle )

+
+
N . . /G8 4/ X- .. . /Z- .. ... /P ...

Path functions - Block form ats

GOO

Positi oning with rapi d t r averse

x-axi s: +
./GOO/X- .. ./

G6 5 Hagnetic tape opera tion

G65

Z-a xis :
+ , , , ,/
II, ./GOO/ XsO/Z;-,
GOI

G6 4 St ep ootor without powe r =

(does not go in to u.emory, bu t is a
siu:ple s witch funct ion)

Li nea r I nterpolat ion

x-axis:
II,

( )

. /GOI/X-+ .... /Z=O/F . .

( )

z-axis:
+
IL ./GOI/X O/Z- .. ./F
Taper :
+
+
II . . /GOI/X- .... /Z- .. , .. /F ...
G02

G03

G20

Ci r c ul ar i nterpolation (clockwise )
+
II . /G02/X-. . . .
/P .

Alarm signs
I. CNC-Ope r at.ion

Circ ula r inte rpolation (counterclockl..-i so )

+
N ./G03/X- . . . .
/F . .

Wrong G-instruct i on

AOI

Wrong radius inout

Possi b l e radii:
/ So/l oo/1 5o/ 2oo/
250 ... .... ... 1950

Hold
II .. /G20

G21

AOO

A02

X=O t o

Empty li ne
A03

N . / G21

\;rang x-value
x ~

1999 possible

Wrong F-value
Fl to F499 possible

G22

Program end

1104

\;rang z-'va lue

.
+
z;o to zc - 1 999~ possible

AOS

l!o G22-instruction programr.:ed

N. . /G33/X O/Z- .... /F ...

1\06

~:ai n

Threadi ng cycle
N ./G78/X-+ ... . /Z-+ . ... ./F ..

A07

Wrong taper

N /G22

G33

G78

Threading

spindle s peed too h i gh for

th r eading

Tapers x: Z

u
3.3

(1 -39 ):(1-39) possible

'

Summary

Summary
G94 LOng. turning cycle (can cycle )

Path functions - Block formats

N.. /G64/X- .... /Z- ... /F ...

GOO

Positioning with
x-axis:

~apid

traverse
G6S Hagne tic tape operation

N /GOO/X- .... I

G65

z-axis :
+
N /GOO/X=O/Z=- .... I
GO I

C-64

Linear Interpolation

Step c:otor without power (does not go into memory, but is a

simp l e switch function)

x-axis:
+
N /GOI/X- ... ./Z=O/F ...
(

z-axis:
N.. /GOI/X=O/Z-+ .... /P
Taper:
N.. /GOI /X-+ .... /Z-+ .. .. ./P ...
G02

Circu l ar interpola tion (clockwise)

+ ...

N /G02/X-.

G03

Alarm signs

/F ..

I. CNC-Operation

Circular interpolation (counterc l ockdse)

N,

./G03/X- . . . .

/ F ..

AOO

Wrong G-instruction

AOI

Wrong radius input

/1'. oo

Possible radii: 25/So/loo/1So/2oo/

.... 59oo

G20. llold
N /G20

A02

Wrong x-value
+

G21

X=O to Xc -S9oo possibl e

Empty line
N

A03

./G21

Wrong F- value
Fl to F499 possible

M 30
G22- Program end

A04

N /G22

G33

Z=O to Z= t39999 possible

A05

r:o G22-ins truction prograr.;ned

N,./G33/X=O/Z-..... /F ...

AOO

Main spindle speed too high for

threading .

Threading cycle

A07

1-lrong taper

Threading
+

G78

1\rong Z-value

+
+
N ./G78/X- .. /Z- .... ./F ...

Tapers X: Z

3.3

(1 -39 ): (1 -39 ) possib l e

Summary

\
2. TAPE OPERATION

Operation

1108

Tape end with SAVE

A09

Pro2ram not found; no G22 2ro2r ammed

on t a2 c

Al O Writing 2rotection active

All

Loading mistake

111 2

Chccl<in2 ol.stake

3. ONLY

I~ITH

HETRIC/INCII TYPE HACIIINE

1113

I nch/Millime ter change over with

full program memory

1114

Wrong path dimension for loaded

program
See chapter 7

The system of axes

-z

Inputs
Plus -:linus inputs of x, z - valucs
Plus inputs: Figures to be put in wi thout s i gn
~linus imput s: afte r input of figures
pr ess l<ey EJ .
Input of figures
X,Z values in hundredth of m~
F-values in ~m/min
Thread pitches in hundredth of

m~ .

( )

3. 4

Page 3.6/ Metric/Inch machine

(
Further technical data

Alarm A14

Rapid traverse feed: 2, 75

in~h/rnin

Only with tape oparation, mode o f operation LOAD.

Feed "hand-operation": o ,4- 16 inch/ min

You find a code on the tape indicating
whethe r the stored data are in metr i c o r
inch.

Conversion for i nch feeds "hand-operation:

rr.m/min

\.

lo
25
5o
leo
2oo
3oo
4oo

~~~!:'~!~.:.

Inch/min
0

Program is metric

You l oad program from tape to

merr~ry.

At the end of tho load operat ion it is

checked : is select ion k nob me tric/in ch
or me tric?

8
12
16

If not , alarm A14 appears .

!!!::.e~y.:-

Switch over selection knob to metric ,

alarm sign disappears .

Calculation of actual traverse paths:

Metric traverse path:
llwnber of steps
72

traverse path in

~~

Inch traverse path:

()

llwrber of steps
72

Steps (angle of
step motor l
I. path (50)
2. oath ( 10")
3. -;:;-ath - ( 151
4. path ( 2o0 )
s. oath (25 )
6. path (3o")

: 25,4 -

Traverse path
in inch
o;Ooo5 46
. o,oolo9
o.oo l64
o,oo218
o,oo273
o,oo328

Traverse path
in inch
Indication/readout in 1/1ooo inch

..

1
I

2
2

3
j

.
.

.
.

;j.t)

Page 3 . sJMetric/lnch machine

()
The Metric/Inch Machine-Version
You turn the knob to SHi tch over
me t r ic to inch data input.

fro:~

Condition :
Tne w~chi ne memory must be empty, when
s..,itching over, this is valid for "hand
operation" or "CNC-operation". Ot her.;ise alarm J\13 is i ndicated .
Measures:
I. Press lxNPj +!REV~ alarm sign disappears

()

( )

2. Delete inch or metric program

Input for Inch operation

Maximum Input sizes

1. Input of X- and z - values:

X-va l ues:
X=O to X=+ 1999 (1/l ooo inch)
Otherwise ~uarm J\02

in o,ool inch . The values are put in

without decimal poin t.
~~~~l?!~l
( ) x- value = o,l34"
I nput: 134

z- values :

Z=O to Z= !19999
Otherwi se alarm A04

2. Input of thread pitches :

Pitch in thous andth o f a inch (1/l ooo).

Feeds:

~~~~~!~:.

F=l to F=l99 (in 1/lo inch per minute);

otherwise alarm A03

Tnread with 2o tpi

I i nch : 2o ~ o,oS
Pi tch P is therefore o , oS"
Input: So

Radii:
So,loo,l5o,2oo
19So
otherwise alarm AOI

3. Input of feed:
Feed = 1,2 inch/min
Input F = 12

u
3.5

(1/looo inch);

Metric/I nch machine

The Metric/Inch Machine-Version

You turn the knob to s.<itch over from
metri c to inch data i nput .
Condition:
The mach i ne a.emory must be empty, when
s wi tching over , this is valid for "ha nd
operation" or "CUe-operation" . Otherwise alarm A1 3 is indicated.
~easures:

1. Press (!@ +!REV~ alarm sign disappears

2 . Delete i nch or cetric pr ogram

Input for Inch operation

Maximum input sizes

I. Input of X- and z-values:

x- valoes:
--------X=O to X=

2999 (1/l ooo inch}

Other.;ise alar o A02

in o , oo l inch. The values a r e pu t in

wi th out deci oal point.
~~~~!.?!!~
x-value o ,1 34''
Input: 134

( )

Z-values :
--------Z=O to Z=

19999
Otherwise alarm A04

2 . Input of thread pitches :

Feeds:
Fa t t o F=l99 (in 1/lo inch per minute};
otherwise a l arm A03

Pitch in thousandth of a inch (1/1 000).

~~!!~!.?!!!~
Tnread with 2o tpi
I i nch : 2o = o,o5
Pitch P is therefore o , oS"
Input: So

Radii:
5o, too, !So, 2oo . .. 29So (1/1 ->00 i n ch} ;
o therwise alaro AOI

3 . Input o f feed:
Feed 1, 2 i nch/min
Input F = 12

3.5

Metric/Inch machine

-----------------------------------

Further technical data

AlarmA14

Rapi d traverse feed : 2, 75 inch/min

Only wi th tape operation, r:ode of operation LOAD.

Feed "hand-operation": o, 4- 1 , 6 i nch/ min

You f ind a code on the tape indicating
whethe r the s t ored d a t a are in me t ric or
i nch .

Conversion for i nch feeds "hand-o,eera

t i on:
m::l/ml n
lo
25
5o
loo
2oo

3oo
4oo

~~!!~~ !~~
Program i s ffietr ic

Inch/min
o.4
l

You l oad program froo tape to memor y.

At the end of the l oad operation i t i s

checked: is selecti on knob metr i c/inch

8
12
16

or t:etri c?

If not , alarm Al4 appears .

~:!:-:3'1.:Swi tch over se lecti on knob to

alar~ s i gn disappears .

rr~ tric ,

Calculation of act ual traverse paths:

~~et r ic

traverse 2ath:

Nunber o f ste2s
72

traverse pat h i n rnrn

Inch traverse 2a th :
Nurrber o f ste2s
72

: 25 ,4 -

Steps (ang l e of
step r:otor)

Tra verse path

in i nch

1. path (50)
2. path (l oy)

o, ooo546
o, oo l o9
0 ool64
o , oo2 18
o, oo273
o , o o328

3. oat h (I SO)
4. path (2o0 )
5. path (25 )
6 . path ( Joy)

Travers e path
i n i nch
I nd ica tion/ readout in 1/looo inch
l
I

2
2

3
3

.
.
)

3. 6

NC-machine

What is a CNC-Machine?
- A machine which we feed with figures
and letters
= DATA INPUT
-

A machine which "understands" the

data , which processes it and calc ulates
= DATA PROCESSING

- A machine which passes on this data

and calculated values in form of instructions
= EXECUTION

NC-1-!ACHINE

CNC
Computer-numeri cally controlled

Specialis ts
Direct numerica lly control l ed (direct electronic input of program
via cable)

AC
Adaptive control
(control system adapts
i tself to changed worki ng conditions)

( )

Meanings in daily use

These meanings change quite often in

their daily use. NC-~4chines were originally W4Chines with nurr.erical control,
but no microprocessor. Today such rnachines are obsolete . The program was
read in direct ly fro m the perforat ed
tape.
'

3. 7

Today NC- machines comprise all types

CNC, DNC or AC types .

CNC-machlne - Main elements

CNC - Machine - Main Elements A "humanized" Comparsion

'

Data Input:
Via keys or magnetic tape

Data on digital readout

'

(
Interlace element:
can be compared to
a secretary

Output element
Lei's call him
press speaker.

-+
Central Processing Unit
o Microprocessor. Let's
call it the director.
He delegates, takes de
cision, calculates.
A watch gives him the
feeling lor time, but
he does not have any
specialist knowledge.

.
Operating program
(EPROM) =

'

specialists.

Memory = RAM
Remembers the
program

They know
everything.
Output element (Inter
lace): Chief operator.
He receives orders and
passes them on.

l
Machine

Amplifier (foreman)

3. 8

---------------------- -

CNC-machine - Main element:

CNC-Machlne

Main Elements
Digital readout

)
Central processing
unit ~ Microprocessor

'
Inte rlace element
(secretary)

Output element
(press speaker)

~I

Operating p rogram
EPRO MS (Specialists)

3.9

What happens in CNC-manu facture?

What happens in CNC-Manufacture?

Digital read-out

Output elem en t
(press s:leaker)

Interface element
(secretary)

Amplifier
(foreman)

CNCMac hine

3. 11

What happens In CNC-manufac ture?

------------------------------)

What happens In CNC-Manufacture?

h~at k n~~ledqo i s necessary i n order to manu fac ture , usinq a hand

oper ated or a CNC lathe?

___,,.

__

Aluminium

NCmachlne

Hand operated machine

3.13

CNC-machlne - Hand operated machine

Differences in Manufacture using a

hand-operated or a CNC-Machine
(Summa ry)
H<>nd ope rated r.achine

CNC-machine
r,;;;-

'o

L~-~~

'--Ill

~' :1

:.-

Necessary Infermatlon
Techn i ca l drawing
)

--l

..
Necessary m eans

Lathe

Chucking devi ces

(chuck , center , e t c . )

Turning tool

..;

(to e xecute ope rat ion)

Reading of t echnic a l
dra.. i ng
Kna.. ledge about ch aracteris tics of tur ning tools

~~

Rough ing tool

Copying

tool

Side tool
etc .

3.15

CNC-machlne - Hand operated machine

--

--------------------------------------------------Differences In manufacture, using a

Hand operated or a CNC-machine -

Continued

Hand operated

C!IC- machine

~ach ine

Technological information
+
I

Cutting speed depending on

materia l of workpiece
tool (HSS, carbide tipped)
turning operation such as
roughing, finishing,
sere" cutting

+ Feed ra t e
+ Cutting depth

+ Per f ormance a nd di mensions

o f machine

Execution

Operator must knO'd ho-<

to control the machine

+ Writing the NC- program

..

\ )

... ~- :.:.

+ Input of

~;c-program

il l:= ~

+ Preparing the machine

+ Exe cution

3. 17

Program

~--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------~~

Setting up an NC-Program

Scheme

Technol ogical Info

Geottetrical Info

Kn~Nledge is necessary
concer ning machine and
syste~ of contro l

IProgram input l
Operator oust be aNare
of different input possibilities (input directly on oach ine, input via perforat ed
tape, via magnet i c
tape, etc .)

II

IHachine

l )

3. 19

Program

What is Programming?
Programming lt.<:!ans to feed t he computer with such data which it understands.
In other -...ords , "'e have to "spoon-feed ..

the co ~puter , list the data in order l y

sequence and in a l anguage wh ich is fao i liar to the computer, which it understands", so it can process the infor-

mation.

~WIT'H WA
TIIRN OF 6 "''"

The operator does not understand the

Chinese corrmands , because he does no t
speak this language.

The CNC-mach i ne does not understand the

human l a nguage.

( )

I )

We have to feed t he CNC-machine with

da t a in a language it will understand .
Th is l anguage is " encoded" .

3.21

Program

)
Setting up a program structure
To learn programming ceans to learn to
write d~~n instructions which the other
will understand; and this without presuming that the one who executes has
speci a l kn~~ledges or will correct
wrong or uncomp l ete instructions .

With which Information do we have

to feed the computer?

Experts from various fields sat together

and discussed h~~ such listings of instructions could be structured.
Aim: Simpl e , not depending on a certain
language, practice- oriented,
useable for all machine tools .

Procedure :
I . Analysis of operations on machine
tools

Determining of program structure .

3.23

Program

WITH WHICH INFORHATION

FEED THE CO:!PUTER'?

DO WE HAVE TO

Basically the sar.:e information . l: hich

we wou ld h ave to give to so:::eone, '<ho
has to manufacture a workpiece on a
hand- operated machine tool , but who
does not kna.: tu r ning.
I n other words: you have to give turning instructions to someone . But this
someone on the machine does not kno-.,

a nything about tur ning and j us t follO'o'S bli nd ly you r instruc tions.

You kno,. how t o do it?

l>'hy not try: Wri te the ins ttuctions

do-.m, o r give them directly to a man
on the machine .

20

-r--

- ~ ---~- - -~ --

~~~~~!~~
The man on the machine has to turn a
shoulder . Tool bi t position as indi cated in the l eft hand dra,;ing .

...

_L __

Hate r ia l:
Aluminium

Hachine per f ormance like Compact 5 CNC.

The turning operation should be done
as economically as poss ible. The main
spindle is a l ready r unni ng .

( )

~!}~~~~!0-~~~t?!~~
Try to give instruc tions to someone to
drive the car out of the garage, who
does not kna,; h o,; to drive a car. our
partner is only auo,;ed to follO'n your
instructions blindly.

PS : our car will hard l y reach the

stree t without a bump , because you

wil l mos t probab l y give unclear instructions a nd these maybe in a mis leading sequence ..

3.25

Program

Determination of program
A talk bet~een a progra~~ing specialist
and an operator could run as fol lo~s :
The specialist wants information h~~
the workpiece (co=pare exampl e of previous page) is being canuf actured.

- +-

--.f.

~l?~:!~!~~E.:
May I sum up?
You rr..ove
the cross slide
by 6 rr.~
away from you
speed can be such , tha t you still
can read the handwheel scale.

~ - - .

__.._

_ L _ -~

~!:!!:!!!:~:.:.

Ho xt operation : I r.ove t he longitudi nal

s lide by 2 1 rJD .

~~~:!!!!~!: !:.:.
Please expl a in to ~e . what you do in
order to manufac t ure thi s workpiece?
see that the tool bit is counted and
the main spindle is running.

~e~:~!!g!!~.:.
In which direction?
~!::!!!:~!::.:.

Towards the headstock.

~(?!!~!~!! !!~.:.
00 you move at a certain speed?

~~!::!!!:~!::.:.

-z

o;ove the cross s lide by 6

IUD .

~!:!:!!!~!::.:.

~E~:!!!g;;:!;.:.

In .rhich direction? You can move it towards you or away from you.
<?!?~:!!~~: :.

Yes . This feed is selected by myse lf. It

depends on the raw material , the mate ria l of the t ool bit, the surface of the
workpiece to be achieved and on a few
other factors .

I move i t away from me .

~e!::!!!!!!!~.:
Do you have to do this at a certain speed?
~!::!!~~:.:
No, but t he quicker I do it , the more
economical it .<ill be . But 1 still
must be able to read the sca l e on the
handwheel.

~e!::!~!!!!~.:.
sum up:
You move
the l ong itud inal slide
by 21 IUD
in dire ction headstock
at a cert ai n f eed rate
I

Thank you Hr. Operator, I shall take

e ve ry}hing into account !

3. 27/3. 29

Program

Brain storming of the specialists, program structure

7horo a r e

r~ny

a C4Cht no

~1.

di f f erent
He do 1

~ ra tions
~e f ine

on

For the instrucl iona on lonqitudir.al

l ongi-

a r~

cress slide CIO'Ie!:ents 1 l 4k e the

t udina l or cross turning or scre~ cut

tinQ? Of t e n I repeat c~r tain slide

x~ r te s-coo rdi na tca-Svt~ .

right

h L~

turninq .

C.O\'O::ente in cyc l e s; I r.eed a code

wo rd o r a code ~u:~c r. ror exarple I

take lho lottor G and add ~ f igure.

z = l ongitudinal

s lide

X = Cress slide
'i'he directions a r (! i nd i cated "' lth !ai9n.

Absolut e or 1 ~c re =en ta l7
~~ich lr.put f ineness?
o , I m , O, o l

r..:l

o r o,ool

r..=?

t )

)
h"hat else d o I have to

Feed: I

ta~e

proq r &::~?

the code- le tte r F

Spindle speed: Code-lc t tor S

e tc .
7his is all put

t~tthcr

in 4 llat .

The determining of a program structure

....~as of course a 'n'Ol:k of years , a nori<
of many specialis ts. The foll~~ing pages will bring de t a ils on t he program
structu>:e valid for all machi ne too ls
which is standardized accor ding DIN
66o2 5 .

3.31

Coordinate system

Th e coordinate sys tem on NC-machlnes

The information "move l ongitudinal slide
in direction headstock" is a very long
one . Besides that , in each language it
would be different . Tnat ' s why the traverse path ~~ver.en ts with machine t ools
a re described within the coordinate
system.
Coordinate systeo on lathes

( l
Z-axis Axis paral l e l to the turning
axis
X-axis Axis recta ngular to the turn ing axis
- Z movecc nt

= u.ovement

of l ongitudinal
slide in di r ection of
headstock

+Z mover.ent u.oveocent of longitudinal

slide a-.ay fro::> headstock
- x movement see drawing

+X

rooverr~nt

see drawing

3.33

Description of traverse path

The coordinate system

The description of traverse path
Do you rer:cmber the sur..rr.ary of the specialist?
You move

the longitudinal slide

in direction headstock
by 21 run
at a certain feed rate

With the help of the coordinate system

we can say it sir:p ler:

Verbal instructi on:

------------------longitudinal
~:ove

c::c- instruction:
slide

to cove in Z-direc tion

Hove longitudinal slide in direction bf headstock

longitudina l slide by 2 1
in direction of headstock

~:ove

to r:ove in -z direction
=

U.'ll

3.35

to move i n -z direction by 2 1 rrm.

The Ct;C- instruction is Z- 2 1 rrn.

Prog ram

Concept of Programming - Methods of Programming

)

Bas ica lly there a re t .:o methods to descr ibe the path : absolu t e or incr emental.

Absolute
The path i n formation is given from a
star t ing poi nt.

;,..-

..:::>

Incremental
Each point (place) is the reference
point (place ) for the following meas urerr.ent.

3. 37

Jl
' 8 IMPORTANCE OF NC-MACHINES - NC-TRAINING

(l~assachusetts

Development of

Mr. John Pearson and the M. I.T .

Institute

r.;c-r..5chines

of Technology) developed 1952 on behalf of the US-AirForce the first numerically-controlled machine tool for
the production of particularly complicated workpiece&.
Due to the high costs and the vol uminous size of the control unit and because of the complicated operation and
maintenance, one could hardly icaginc that this technology
could be used on a broad basis . But the first step was
. made and this control type was further developed .
So~

I S years ago NC-machines were extremely costl y and

only very few companies had the courage and the conviction
to invest in this new techno logy.
Froo 1975 on, the production of NC-machines
~~e

gre~

enormously .

mai n reason for the sudden increase was certainly t he

development of the microprocessors. The use of NC-machines

/

in this way was first attractive to large ,

~~nufacturing

u~dium

and s mall

cocpanies. Today the cost of, for exampl e, a

control unit with a much larger capacity will only cost a

t wenty-fifth as ouch as compared to 1968. The initial mistrust as to the reliability of electrical control has

u~an

while disappeared; the machi ne

tive controls are

bel~~

break -da~ns

caused by defec-

one percent.

f'uture of 1\C-

Lower purchase prices, higher cut ting capacity, p rec ision,

a:ach!nes

speed, longer life, easy

progra~ng

will fur ther increase

the number of NC-machines: experts estimate that the nurrber

will quintupl e unt i l 199o.
~nY

r.;C-training?

In nearly all manufacturing companies there is high demand

f or NC-trained personnel and this demand will sharply increase in the future. Therefore training is of utmost impor-

Geometrical Information

Geometrical Information
The geome trical information is in the
t echnica l dra~ing .

Lettering of drawing
Can be done according to the incre::.ontal or to the absolute system. In 10any
cases you find a corrbinat ion of these
ti<O s ystems : increnental and absolu te .

Incremental system

Absolute system
~here

is one point of te ference .

Each measureme nt is based on the previous o ne.

r./1

....

-t.

--t

t--

'

"i

10
25
- 37

I
.. j

-r--1-.

-t

____i

~10 J__15 -i-.12-

Combined system
The measurements I and 2 are absolute
ones , i . e . based on one poin t of reference . The measurements 3 and 4 arc
increr..ental ones.
,~----- --- -- -@

---- ----

3.39
)

Geometrical information

Methods of Programming
In the program you have describe in each
block t he path of the turning tool . Basically there are too methods to describe
th i s path.

r )

Absolute system

Incremental system

The path information given to the

turning too l s i s always calculated
from a definite starting point.

Here the pcsi tion of the turning

tool is given as its distance f rom
the preceding final pos i tion. The
zero re f erence point f or each path
informat ion is the actual pos iti on
of the tool bit.

-x
2
4

-z

!/

(Jq,

IS

-i

"'

1/

o ~

(~

"'~ -

l l

+Z

~
+X

-3
-3

-Z

+X

-3

-2 S'
-2 5

-2

_t;

-6

3. 41

-z.s

0
--IS

-2.

Geometrical In formation

Exercises

The absolu te system

Enter tho measure:::e nts for
points 1,2 , 3,4 in t he abso lute sys tem.

The incremental system

L -~ -x
-~

+
--:2

..

-1

-1

l )

<l

Each refe r ence point beco:::es

a ne~ zero re f e rence point.
Put tho t r ansparent p aper
s heet (coordina tes ma ~ked)
onto the drawing and cove it
f rom re ference point 0 t o reference poi nt I, etc .

~1

I
I
+X

2
~3

04

-~

1
2.

- 2,
--1
-1

-1

-z
l -

-x

- 2t

-X

~1

3
I

-1

2f.

.1

-z

+Z

3.

~f

+Z

t.
3.43

-+
-

Geometrical In formation

Advantages - Disadvantages

The C<*IPAC1' 5 CNC is proqrar::::ed in the

incre~ntal system!
I t is useful to enter into the technical drawing auxiliary dirr.ensione , so
you a void calculation work duri ng the
progra ~~ing itself .

--

r-10 - 1525

Abso l ute s ystem

Increrr.ental system

Advantage:

Advantage:

If you have to change the position of

point 1, all othe r points still remain unchanged.

This system is in many cases simpler.

Disadvantage:
In scme cases more di fficult

If you have to change one point, a ll

follcwinq enos will have to be
changed as well.

Point I has to be changed to poin t 1'.

The description for points 2 and 3 recains unchanged.

Since point I was changed, also the

description for points 2 and 2
chanqes.

Disadvantage:

- 1

-1

- -l,S'

- O!i

_ /(

-2.S

--1

- 'L,>

-l.~

-ZS'

-1.

- ,., S'

3. 45

z
- O.t;

-1

OS

-Z
0

Pa9e 3. 4 7/Feed
The feed (F)

()

Por the feed size or feed speed the

letter P is used .
.!..!.._~ Size(F1)

incM ev

--H-;;.;.~m/rev

I. Peed size: inch

Is indicated in rrm per ma in spindle
r evo lution

Is indicated in inch per ma in spindle

revolution

= inch/rev.

r1

F1

= m:n/rev.
(

rml/min
inchifnln
Inch

Z.!etric

Movement of t oolbit (in inch) per ninute. 1. = Path i n inch

f'2 -

1.
min

Hove::ent of t ool b it (in m:nl

nute. L = Path in rr.rn

I~ch]

per mi-

m1n.

min

Conversions
( I

Inch

Metric

Feed size (FI l to feed speed (F 2 l

Feed size (F 1l to feed speed IF2l

r 2 Gnch]=
min.

( )
p cnch]
s[r~vJ
m1n. x 1 rev.

Feed speed (F 2 l to feed size (f'l )

f' l

[_!.nchl =
rev.j

F l inch]
2 linin.

crev]
oin .

J s[rev J

~ x FI

F2lmin . =

F1

c-

l
revj

[= J
rev.

s Main spindle speed

S = Main spindle speed

On industrial oachines you r.!ay pu t in

the feed in mm/re v . and run/min . On the
C~~PACT 5 CNC the food is put in i n
IMI/min.

Ni th the CO!IPI\CT 5 CNC the feed does

not depend on the spindle speed, so
you have to calculate t he f eed size or
look for it in tho chart .

Feed

The feed (F)

Fo r the feed size or feed speed t he
l e t te r F i s used .

I. Feed s i ze

Is i ndica t ed in

~~/~ain

spi nd l e revol u-

tion .
- -++,._:;11-'D/ U

F = m.:n/ r ev .

2 . Feed sp eed

= MOvement o f t ool
s
(rr,'D / min )
F "--

run/ mi n

bit p er ninute

mi n

On indus tria l cach i nes you ~4Y put in

the feed in m:n/rev and r..::>/ min . On the
Compac t 5 C~C t he f eed is put in i n
tt.:n/min.
Convers ion:

Fe ed speed (mm/ mi n)

Hain spindl e speed (rev/min) x f eed size

IF (r..m/min) S (rev/min) x F ( l:.lll/ rev )

Feed s i ze

(~il/rev )

F (rrm/rev)

Feed speed (rrm/ cin)

Hain spind l e speed (rev/min)

F (m.11/min)
S (rev/min)

With the Con:pact 5 CIIC the feed depend s nol

on the spindle s peed , s o you have t o

ca l c ulate the f eed size or l ook f or it
i n the char t\

3. 47

( rr.::~/rev)

G-functlons

)
Preparatory functions (G-functions)
The patfl f unctions are defined according
DIN 66o25 and ISO , t he meanirlg o f which
.:ill be exp l ained in the follc,:i ng chapt ers.

GOO

Slides toove only at rapid traverse

speed .

GOI

Slides rr.ove at right angles and/ or at

progra~~e d ang les with progra~~e d feed .

G02

Turning tool f oll<YoS a quarter part o f

ci rc um ference i n c l ockwise d ire ction.

G03

Turni ng tool f ol l <Ys a quarter par t of

circ umfe rence in counter c loc:<~dse directi o n.

G20

Progran stop: in order to carry out

~easu ri ng j obs or tool change , e tc.

G2 1

Hold

G22

Program end

G33

Th read cutting

G78

Thread c utting cycle

G84

Turning tool carries out f ixed cyc le

(c anned cycle) .

G64

Ste p cr:otors s,:i t ched "off"

G65

Cass e tte t ape opeta t ion

()

><

( )

E f
l )

3. 49

Page 3. 5Yfxternal structure

-The words of the COMPACT 5 CNC

I. l1or d:

4. 1\ord:

Address letter N

Address letter z and

The f irst colurrm carries t he b l ock

z means z-axis . The numbers indicate the

traverse path in Z-d irection . Z +2o5o
means 2 .o5o" in plus Z-direction.

number .

You put in: 00 (first s t ep o f operation)

01 (2nd s tep of operation)
etc .
N

Otl.00
-- -

42.5"

Q.L _QL

00

n urr~ers

Bern

1 ~50

()

01

.
5. 1\ord:

2.

l~ord:

Address l e tter F and numbers

Address letter G and numbers

F is the abbreviation of " feed" . FIOO

means a f eed of l o inch per minute.

G is the sycbol for t he operation tube

done . Each number means a certain ~~ve
ment, e .g. ol straight line u.ovement,
o3 circular rr.~vement, etc.
N

00

01
0~

Ot!

12t;

Bern

00

01
03

Otl

Bem

1--

()

(J
3. 1\ord:
Address lett er x and numbers
On industr i al CNC-rnachines there are
fur t her 1-:ords in use.

X means x-ax i s . The numbers indicate

the traverse path in X-d i rection. The
number can have "+" or "-" sign .
X +125 means .125'' i n plus X-direction.
N

00

01

0-1

01

1l5

Spe ed of main spind l e (address letter

S)

Bern

100- - zoso --

Tool for the relative block (address

letter T)
Suppletr"' ntary miscellaneous f\lnctions
(address let t er ~l )
etc.

(_ )
3.53

External structure

(
The words of t he COMPit.CT 5 CNC

I. Word:

4. l;ord:

Address l e tter N

Address letter Z and numbers

The first colurr~ carr ies the block

number .
You put in: 00 (first step of operation)
01 (2nd step of operation)
etc.

z oeans z - axis. The nurrbers indicate the

t raverse path in Z- dircc tion . Z+2o5o
ceans 2o , 5 rnm in Z-direction.

I 00

-=0~1_, __1:::2."S_

llem

105
~0::.....__1--1--

Qi_ ~0~3-~-----~-------I----1---

00

01
- :-

-
5. l;ord :

2.

I~ Ord:

Address letter F and nur. Ders

Add ress letter G and numbers

F is the abbrev iat ion of " feed". Floc

mea ns a f eed of l oo rr-:> per mi 1mte.

G is t he s ymbol for the dime nsion.

Each number mea ns a cer t ain movccent ,
e.g. 01 stra i ght on moveme nt, OJ circ ular ~~vement , etc .

( )

00

01

01

03

12S

00 . .2.2._ _...iL
01 03

S.m

2.050

Bern

100

'-

--

3 . h"ord:
Address l etter x and numbe rs

On industrial o;c-machinos there are

f m t her ...:ords in use .

x cea ns x-axi s . The nurrhers indicate the

traverse path in x-direction . The nurrbcr
can have "+" or "-" sign.
x+l 25 means +1,25 rr.-:> in x- di rec tion .

00
01

01
01

12.5

zoso

100

Speed o f main spi ndle (address letter

S)

Tool for the re l ative bloc k (add ress

letter T )
Suppl e =ent a ry miscel l aneous functions
(add ress lette r H)

Oem

--

etc .

3. 53

Page 3.55/Biock format

(
The input format or block format
These 2 terms can be found with all
prO<Jramming s chedules. 1'he input
format prescribes 'o'hich values you have
to put into the program:oing sheet for
each single block to be put into the
cor..puter in this sequence,
The input format depends on the G- functions (path- fu nctions) . l'lhen threading
you have t o put in the pit ch a nd the
length of the thread . For example with
GOO (positioning ,;ith rapid traverse) ,
you have to put in only the path in xor Z-direction.

()

Explanation
N . / G . fx . . .

(
/ z .... ./F .

N., Tne dots stand for numbers 00 to 95

(96 blocks)

G. . The dots stand for the numbers of

the preparatory functions.
x .. . . The 4 dots stand for numbers 0
to :!:1999 (0 - 1.999" )
S dots stand for n~nbers 0
to 19999 (0- 19 . 999")

z . . .. . The

F .. . The 3 dots stand for munbers 1-199

(. 1 - 19.9 inch per minute )
If the input f ormat prescribes

( )

N . /G20

( )

you have to put in only the block nllll'J>er

and G20 into the ptograrrmiW sheet.
N

-is

zo

.
.

u
3. 55

Block format

These 2 ter r.s can be found with all

program::>i ng schedu le s . The input
forma t prescribes o,;Ji ich values you have
to put in t o the progra~~ing sheet for
each single b l ock to be pu t into the
co ~pu ter in this sequence.
The i nput format depends on the G-functions (path- functions ) . h-nen t hreading
you have to p ut i n the pi t ch and the
le ngth of t he t hread , for exarr~ l e with
GOO {positi oning with rapid traverse ).
You have to put in only the path in xor Z- direction.

Explanation
+ .... /Z +
N .. / G.. /X- .. . . ./F ...

N. .

The dots stand for nlliTbers 00 t o 95

{ 96 b locks )

G. . The dot s s t a nd for the numbers

+
X-. ... The 4 dots stand for nurr.ber s
:!:5999
+
z- ..... The 5 do t s s t a nd for nur.bers
:!:39999

F . .

+
-0 to

-+0 to

The 3 dots stand for nurr.bers 1-499

If t he input format prescribes

N . / G20

yotJ have t o put in on ly t he block number

and G20 into t he p r ograrr"-:>ing sheet.

15

zo

3. 55

4. Programming

G20/G21/G22
GOO Positioning with rapid traverse
G84 Fixed cycle - longitudinal turning
G01 Linear interpolation
G02/G03 Circular interpolation
- Clockwise
- Counterclockwise
G33/G 78 Threading with constant pitch,
threading cycle
Control of dimensions - Corrections of
dimensions
Programming the outline of a workpiece
Exercises

4.1
4.3 -4.5
4.74.17
4.19. 4.41
4.434.55
4.57 - 4.83
4.85
4.87. 4.91
4.934.101

--

G20/G21 / G22

G20 - Program Hold

<

'

'

-s r ..t

"""''-'91"

1- - 1-

Tf" '-.

h'hen do you progran G20?

,gt

.
-

1-

'(

fl,~hii';J:

f.---

1-

llhen pognunming G20 you interrupt the

program. Only when you press thelSTARTI
key again , the next blocks will foll~N
in th e program.

When you have to change the tool

1\'nan you want to carry ou t a measuring

ope ration.

I f you wan t to change the revolutions

of the ~ai n spindle .

I f you want to change over from CNCoperation to hand operation.

Input format G20

N . ./G20

G21 - Empty Line

'
I-

'

1-

'

........,...

sr-..1

f-

l7il

'
IJt1--'- -

h'hen you p r ogr am G21 , you may add an

additiona l block at a later stage.
If you prepare your program and you do
not kno.- yet ~<ether you need one or t~<o
cuts of chip removal, then you program
G21.

I ~~

- -

- 1---

N . ./G21

G22 - Program End

""""'
""
0<1

~ 1q_l
0
0

'

'

...."""'

51 - :

1-

At the e nd of each program you have to

progra n G22. IH thout the input of G2 2 ,
the p rograo cannot be started.
G22 i s en tered without anr number values.

%.

1i
7
'

1-

1-

-~--

----1-

1-

Input format G22

N . .IG22

1-

4. 1

Page 4 . 3 /GOO

GOO - Positioning with Rapid Traverse

Toe positioning of the turn ing tools, i . e .
movement o f sa~e without chip rereoval,
mus_t be done with highes t possible speeds
(r ap i d traverse ) for economic reasons .
The slides move in z- or X-direction.

Necessary Inputs
I .

Sl ide ~ves in X-d irection: ~~ . xvalue in thousandth of inch (. ool ) .

2. Slide r-oves in Z-direction : I;() I , X=O,

z- value in thousandth of inch (.ool).

The speed of the t raverse is 27,5 inch

per minut e in both cases .

Input formats GOO

1. N . ./GOO/X .. .. I
2. N . .IGOOIX~OIZ .... ./

Example:
To facilitate the counting and dismoun ting of the turning t ool it keeps the i n- dicated dista nce to the workpiece edge .
Toe tool is moved with r apid tra~erse
to point A.
Block

NOO -

Turning tool moves . 25" i n

x- axis, sign "- ". z-value
and F-value need not to be
entered.

Block NO! - Turning tool moves .2o" in

z-axis, sign"-". P-value
need not to be entered.
- uoo
N

QQ._ 0 0

01

00

02,

2.2

4.3

Ben

- 250
0

- 200

GOO

GOO - Positioning with Rapid Traverse

The positioning of t he turning tools , i.e.

moveme nt of sau.o without chip removal,
must be done wi t h hiifnes t possible speeds
(rapid traverse) for economic reasons .
The slides move in Z- or X- direction .

Necessary Inputs
I.

Slide moves in X-di rection : t:oo, Xvalue in hundredth of r.JD .

2 . Slide n::oves i n Z-d i rection:

Z-value in hundredth o f rr"'ll

N01 ,

The speed o f tho traverse is 7oo

i n. both cases.

X=O,

JT~/min

Input formats GOO

1. N .. /GOO/X :t .. . .I
2. N . .IGOOiX=OIZ= . ... .I

Example:
==~------.

JJ _--F- !,-

To facilitate the mounting and dismoull ting of the turni ng too l it keeps the illcHeated dis ta nce to the >;orkpi ece edge ,
The tool i s moved with rapid traverse
to point A.
Block r:oo - Turni ng t ool <:oves 15 em i n
x-axis, s i gn"-" . z-value
and F-value need not to be
e ntered .
Block t:O l - Turnillg tool r.lOVes 9 mm i n
z-axis 1 sign "- ". F-value
need not to be entered .

Bel

00-4~0~0~.--~5~
00~ 1 ---- --~---1-

o~,--ll~
oo~.--~o~-1-~-~v~oo~--1----1-

4.3

Page 4.s 1 GOO

Programming exercise 1 (GOO)

The workpiece is finished . The turning

tool has to return with rapi d traverse
speed to 0 -point. Program the "program
end" at 0-poin t.
Note: There are 2 possibi lities. Program both.

Ser

( )
N

Ser

Programming exercise 2 (GOO)

Program the tool movement at rapid traverse speed 0-5 (l o blocks are necessary).

Program the points with one decima l point.

One block equals . I".

e.

4.5

GOO

Programming exerclse 1 (GOO)

The wor kpiece is finished. The turni ng
t oo l has to retu rn with rapid traverse
speed to 0 -point . Prograo the "program
end" at 0 -point .
Note: There are 2 possibilities. Program both

PROG RAMMBLATI EMCO COMPACT 5 CNC

G

Bor

)
PROGRAMMBLATI EMCO COMPACT 5 CNC
N

llor

Programming exercise 2 (G 00)

Program the tool move~e nt at rapid traverse speed 0-5 (lo block s are necessa-

t )

ry).

f
f:

"

'
.

'

...., .
.;:

c
~

PROGRAMMBLATI EMCO COMPACT 5 CNC

N

:.: .

,..

"'

....; ,

]~
"

~f

~,...

Bt

.,. .

.-

__,_

""
,..... .: ., :::: I:::
"' I[~~
:::

. :I
: !r :; t
:i ~
.. = b'ifu_
...

'I I........
-
'f"
- ...
.::.. ""
.-

~....

:.

I-

4.5
J

Page 4. 7

G84

()

G84 - Fixed Cycle I Longitudinal Turning

'
As the word cycle says, the l!lOVement of
the turning tool is a closed one .

Example:

( )

Turning of shoulders on an axle

Hand operated machine

CNC-machlne

You feed in with t he cross slide , move

the l ongi t udi nal slide 11, bri ng t h e
longi t udinal slide back , feed in tl
and t2 etc.

Path function G84

If you program G84, the s lides will move
at progr~med feed rates/rapid traverse
in the prograrrrued x-and Z- directi ons in
a cycle .

There i s a l arge percentage of turning j obs of this kind . This was the
reason to implement a fixed cyc l e in
the c~c machine .

vF
vE

-----.,

programmed feed rate (I - 19,9

per minute)

i nch

r apid t .r averse (27, 5 inch per minute)

VF (-Z)

Vf(+X) [

()

u
4. 7

--------VE (+Z)

Gl4

G84 - Fixed Cycle I Longitudinal Turning

As the word cycle says, the covement of
the turning tool i s a closed one.

Example:
Turn i ng of shou l der s on an axle

)
Hand operated machine

CNC-machlne

You feed in with the cross slide, move

tho l ongitudinal slide 11, bring t he
longitudinal slide back , feed in t l
and t2 etc .

Path function G84

If you program G84 , the slides will move
at progrrun=.ed feed rates/ rapid traverse
in the progra~~d x-and Z-directions in
a cycle .

There is a l arge pe r centage of turning jobs of this ki nd. This was the
reason to i mplement a fixed cycle in
the CNC machine.

vF =programmed feed rate (l-4oo

v

= rapid

traverse (2ooo

~~/min)

~/min)

- ------,

- -- -- -------,
-j

Vr(+X)[

- -------Ve (+Z)

4. 7

I Ve (-X)

G84

Possibilities and applications when turning

--- -------o-- 0

- - - - - - -- .

l___Po~~i~yA--~
-d~---

Possibility C

Exa .:.p l e: Boring

Example : Outside tur ning

f r o :n right to l eft

l -Posslbl~t~

B _ ]

Possibility D

Hardly used for t urn i ng

operations

----~

z=

0 .:r---------

Example: Ou tside turni ng

from left to righ t

It

t:>-

~::=====>

red
b l ue

rapid traverse

feed at given speed

4.9

Page 4 . II /G84

l )

Program Input G84

As per sign for X a.nd z you can program
4 cycles (A, B, C,D).

Inputs
I . Block number
2. G84

The firs t and the fourth l!".overr.e nt are

in rapid traverse .
The second a nd tile t hi rd movement with
t he progra~~ed feed s peed .

3 . X-va lue in thousandth o f

inch ( .ool ")
4. z-value in thousandth of
inch (.ool")
5 . Feed in tenth o f inch
(.I" per mi nute)

(2)~--,--~ 2 \----.-

()

cV

----@} --~--~---

cv

~~--~2~----t------~2~----~

( I

()

Example:
'lou :,ant to t rave r se in cyc l e A.

t~.- :-3.:~~:. . _~ft

G

84

- 3co

Input formats G84

- 3o5o

12o

N . .IG841X ... .IZ ... .IF . ..

u
4. 11

G84

Program Input G84

As per s i gn for X and z you can program
4 cycles (A,B,C,D) .

Inputs
I. Block nurrher

2. GS<I
3. X- value in hundredth of m:J

4. z - value in hundredth of

5 . reed in r.:<:>/ni n

The first and the four th u.ovement are

in rapid traverse.
'fhc second and the third moveme nt with
the progra=med feed speed.

.~--~~~----,----42

----@r --~-- ~ ---

~~--~ 2~----t------42~----~

Example:
You want to traverse in cyc le A.

~:tt

[
N

30,5
G

84
I

Input formats G84

- 3oo -3o5o

N . ./G84/X ... .IZ ... .IF ...

12o

4.11

Page 4. 13/G84

{)
Example:

/"\../

__ _..,.. - -- - -

-- --- ~

---.s''--

.7" __.,

.I~

Manufacture ~orkpiece as indicated left

hand .
The tool is posi tioned at i ndicated d i stance. The cycles should s t art a t point
A.
~laterial: Alu.:;iniU::J !II I "
Revolution of main spindle: 2ooo rpm.
Feed:.25 inch per minute
Max . depth of cut : . oS"

1.6"

( )
N

84>mor1n

t--,r -- ___ _J_-1-

1

I
r- - 1--"'

l )

u
4. 13

G84

Example:

-- N --

1-lanufacture \<Orkpiecc as indicated left

hand .
'fhe tool is positioned at indicated distance . The cycles s hould star t at poi nt
A.

'$.

Hateria l: Aluminium 22 l!'.'ll

Revolution of main spindle: 2ooo rpm .
Feed: l oo mm/oin
l!ax. depth of cut: I CJll

~------ 40 ------~

Bemerl<o

------1------1------)

1- - - -1- - - - - - - - --

4. 13

Page 4 . IS /

G84

( )
Programming exercise 3 (GB4)

AI

JJ
- ~-~- ~

f
j

- "'- -

-&

- Ma'\. depth of cut .os:

starting position of turning too l,
see drawing .

The workpiece has to be manufactured i n

G84 cycles.

1:.-.6-

.
~~
1.6"

( )
Choose revolutions of main spind l e and
feed from cha rt and write up program.
Make a drawing in the sca l e of t he
tra~sparent pape r a nd put in block
numbe rs.
Cutting speed: IOOO fpm
Feed:
. 001-''
Calculate f eed speed and spindle speed.

(
N

-- -

- ---- -- -

1-

( l
4. 15

G84

,....

)
Programming exercise 3 (G84)

/\J

-- ~- -

-- -

The ~orkpiece has to be manu factured in

G84 cycles.

~~
T

- !!ax. depth o f cut I

- Startin9 position of tu r ninq t ool,
sec drawi ng.

I_
Cnoose revo lutions of main spindle a nd
feed from chart and write up prog rao.
Hake a dra.-llng Lo scale I: lo on l eft
hand side.

f - - 15 20

l )

40

)
N

1---41---~------t---- ~

4. 15

Page 4.17/ G84

()

Programming exercise 4 (G84)

The first cuts are done using cycles G84.

- Max. depth of cut: .o5"
- Oista.n ce to edge of shoulder: .o2"
Material: Aluminium

()

l .
1-- -1,69 - - - . j

Ca l cu late main spindle speed, feed and

write up program. Make a drawing with
the transparent scale.

1-- - -

1- --ll- ~-- -

ee

-~------- --

- - -- - - - - - -t -

--1--~------.
~-

--

----1-- - - - - - - - - - -

- - - - !--- - ..

.
(

.2511

u
4 .17

G84
-----------------~=-

Programming exercise 4 (G84)

The first cu ts are done us ing cyc les G!l<l.

...

'&

Hax . depth of cut: I rra

Dis tance t o edge of shou lder : o ,S
Hateri al : Aluo inium

rrm

Calculate main spindle speed , feed and

"n'rite up prog ram . Hake a d ran'ing to scale

( )

I: 5 .

1---

-40 -

-l

1- --ll- -- -1

Bo

------- -

....,.,...._ 0,5
1- -; - - - - -

--

. ------

t--J- -- - - --

( )

- --

--

--

- - -- - - - -

____

,._

-----

4.17

G01

G01 - Linear Interpolation

Linear c cans s t raight l ined
Interpolation rr.ea ns the f ind ing of
inter mediate va lues
Linear interpolation rr.eans the findi ng
of intermediate values o n a (stra ight)
li ne. Th is li ne can also be at a certain angle .

Possibilities of G01

1. Turning In Z directlon (axi s)

..

-z

(Longitudinal t ur ning ) with given fe ed

ra te. No interpo lat ion tak ing p lace

...

+Z

(X- r::oveo:ent = 0)

-x
n

2. Turning In Xdirectlon (axis)

II

II
~~
v

+X

(Facing) with gi ven f eed ra te . No inter polation t aking place .

(Z-move:oent " 0)

3. Taper turning
11i th qiven feed r a t e . X- and z-valucs
arc being interpolated .

..

(X- a nd z-z::ovel:'.e nts )

4. 19

page 4.21/ G01

( )

1. G01 - Turning in Z-Direction

~9"

~~~'!:,~!~ ~

Tool bit shall c:o ve . 95" in Z-direction .

Tool bit pos ition as indicated in
drawing.

I
I

Inputs

.o s
IL ____-+~-o~_

..

11

!. Enter bl ock number

2. Enter GO!
3. X-value ~ 0
4. z-value to be put in thousandth of
inch
5. Put in F-value in tenth inch per minute

Input format
longitudinal turning

.... .IF =

0-1

-950

25 -

2. G01 - Turning in X-Direction

()

~ ~~~~!~~
Tool bit shall face end plane (cu t end
plane) ; tool bit pos ition to start a s
indicated in dral<ing .

Inputs
1. Enter bloc k nQmbe r
2 . Enter C.Ol
3 . x-value to be put in in thousandth
o f in ch
4. z -value = 0
5. Put in F-value in t enth of inch

..

01

250

z
0

Input format G01 facing

N . . / G01 / X = . . . IZ

25

4.21

= 0/ F=

()

G01

1. G01 - Turning in Z-Direction

22,5
!?~~E!~.:.
Tool bit shall move 23 , 5 mm in Z-direction. Tool bi t position as indicat ed i n
drm-:ing .

I
I

L ____ _

Inputs
I . Enter block nurrber
2 . Enter GOI
3. X-va lue = 0
4. z-value to be pu t in in hundredth of

-i-f-oo-1

5. Put in F-valuc in

..

0-1

235"0

n~/oi n

longitudinal turning
N . ./GOIIX = 0/Z s .. .. .IF =

~~-

2. G01 - Turning in X-Direction

~~~~!~.:.
Tool bit shall face end plane (cut e nd
plane); tool bit position to start as in dicated in drawing.

Inputs
I. Enter block number
2 . Enter GOl
3. x-va l ue to be put in in hundredth of
C.'Jl

=0
S. Put in F- value in
4. z-value

'

01

-soo

Input format G01 facing

80

G~/mi n

N . ./G01/X

4. 21

= .. . IZ = 0/F=

Page 4.23/ G01

Example:
Finishing of t he shoulder workpie ce in
one cut. The depth of cut to be .01"
The t ool bit's starting posi tion as indicated in the drawing.

...

"-&

()

. - 2.- -$

QQ.

oo

- 2 ~0

l...o.i

_Q{_

-560

...Q2,

01

~
Qt.

Of

-!00
0

- 200

_M_

A40

_Q_

00
00

250
0

160

OS
~

.Ql
.51"
.71"

()

1-- - -

1.6" - -- --1

,_,

----

- - - -

u
4.23

2'2.

20
J..O

20
20

G01

'

Example:
Finishin9 of the shoulder l<or)<pieco in
one cut . Tne depth of cut to be o , 2o mm .
The tool bit ' s starting position as in dicated i n the dra~ing .

(.

, )

~-~~2~

5o

2on

- 1'320
0

600

t;o

00
M
02

00

-S{)()

01
01

03

ll~

06

fl1

OS'

no
oo

Q{,

01

1-- - - - - 40 - . J

'

4. 23

1i

Joo

5'00

1flO

so

so

Page 4. 25/ G01

()
Programming exercl&e 5 (G01)

Unfini shed workpiece

~

1- - ~
$

[f

--

CIC!
$

f-

A chip of .012" depth has to be turned

of f the unfinished ~~rkpiece (exercise
3 , page 4 .1 5)in one cut .

f-L-

1-- .ff -

.a
()

1.6"- -

Starting position of turning tool see

drawing .

a drawing in scale o f the transparent

sca le using the drawing paper and put in
bloc k numbers. No te that the tousa ndth of
inch cannot be measured from the drawing
in this scale, so you must calcula te the
paths .
~lake

Fin ish ed workpiece

...e

.612"

-.812"-~
~----- 1.6"-----o~l
( )

-.,

-- --

--

u
4. 25

G01

Programming e xercise 5 (G01)

UnCinl s hed ,orkpiccc

A chip of o,3 ~~ depth has t o be t urned
off t he un f inished ~orkpiccc (exer cise
3) in one cut.

15

1----

( )

20-

-1

~--- 40 --------~

Fi nished .....orkpiece

Starting position of tur ning tool see

drawing.
:.~aj<e a dra-.,in.g in scale 10: I using the
drawing paper and put in block n\l.mbe rs .

C'l
C'l - -
-&

~--- 40 ------~

( )

-.,

~---

-- (

4.25

G01

3. G01 - Linear Interpolation

Taper Turning

Hand operated machine

On a mechani c al I convent iona l l athe the
top s lide is c l an:p ed at t he desired t ape.: angle .
It is the top s lide ~<hich e ffects t he
feed movement and not long itudi nal or
cross slides .

( )
Exa mp le

CNC-machine
On t h e CNC-la the we do not find a top
slide . The feed move r.:e n ts must be executed by longi t<>dina l and cross slides .
Tnat cea ns : longitudinal and c r oss slides

--(

have t o nove in a c er t ain rela ti o n to

each oth er , accord ing to the taper a ng l e .

On the cmiPACT 5 C1>C both slides a.:e not
rr.oving at the same t i.c::e , but one after
a no ther . TOe microprocessor calc ulates
the ratio X: Z and g ives the ins t r uc t ions
to traverse to t h e step mo tors . This cal culation of the X:Z ratios is called li near interpolation.

Example 1
Arig l e = 4 5
The 1atio X: Z at 45 is I : 1 . LOng i tudina l
and c r oss slides move at sarr~ i n ter va l s .

Example2
The ra tio X: Z = 10:36 = I :3'
This mean s :!. steps i n z - a xis and I s t ep
in x-axis .

'

4.27

t--t--t- - -t-t-

-r- --

..

1--+-

t-t--i---11-~'-t---

>-f---t-1- ' - f-i--1-1-

-I- t- ..-

--rf--:--1-t- -1---t---J . .

I-<-

1-

1-

t-i---t-+- 1-:----t..l. +I

4.28

Page 4. 29 / G01

()
Taper45
(X-value and Z-valu e are t he same)
Inpu ts GO l
I. Block nur:be r

2 . 001

3. X-va l ue !S

va l ue ) of taper end poin t

2
i n t housandth o f inch

4. z- va lue !S

val ue ) o f t aper end poi nt

2
in thous andth of inch

5 . F-value in t enth i nch per minu te

()

01

250

-250

a.

Input format G01

N . ./GOI /X . . . .IZ . . .. .IF .. .

...

Example:

.r---r--f.J

.2S"<4 S

A chamfer o f 45 x . 25" has to b e t urned .

Sta r ting point o f tool bit a s i ndica ted .
N

..

---11-

00
.flL. _QO
02 g't

-250
0

03 84

25

-(IS

-~sO

-A25

25 -

25

-loo

- 15

25

-215
21S

_Ql_

ro,-

-215

215

08
09

00

00

-,3oo

-10

01
00

-- 2f;j:)

12 00
_j1_ ZL -

-,fOQ

-so

..Bi_

-200
-22.5

OS 8~
_QL 00

.(1

00

m_

250
0
--

-.3oo-

2?_

5 00

1- -

(
4. 29

GOt

Taper45
(X-value and Z-value are th e same)

I . Bloc)< number
2. GOI

3 . x- value (S 2 value ) o f taper end point

in h\>ndredth of rm>
4. z -value (S2 value ) of taper e nd poin t
in hundredth of rrro
5 . F- value in ~~/min

( )

'--'-- _q_i_ ~ !ioo_

z
.:5.1!loo~-

Input format GOt

- -----1- -

N . ./G01/X ... ./Z .... .IF ...

1-

_._. - .

Example:
..-1----!l- 5 x45

( )

A chan fer o f 45 x 5 rr.~ has to be turned .

Starting point o f t ool bit as indicated .
N

00
01

00

- soo.

Ol

g~

oo

fi

OJ
.Qi

R~

OS

8~

I_QQ_ DO
07 0-1

08

00

- ~00
- 100

- li!io

- ZOo

- 3SO
- 2So
-1SO

go
80

1-

_j_o_1- ~oo
8o
-sso
.. --- - +SS.Q_ _ -5_so - --- 0
+SSo
- 300

..P.L~ -- ~Q~ . -- - -
..1L ~L __+bOO- .. . _-:_600
11 oo
SOD
12 _QJ)_ --0

1-i-L .zt

+ .1.00Q
.. -

--

--

( }
'

4.29

Page 4 . 31 / G01

Programming exercise 6 (G01)

Taper45

Program the taper out o f programming

ex.ercise page 4. 17, G84 . Choose the
starting position of the tool bit on
your o--,;n .

()

1-- - 1.6"- - ---l

()

1---

l - -f-- -

- -11--

1- - - - - - - - -+ -

- 1

---

(J
4.31

G01

Programming exercise 6 (G01)

Taper45

Pro9ram the taper out of prograrr<nin9

exercise 4, G94. Choose the starting
position of t he tool bit on your o-..:n.
"-1

~
~

""~0

~----

'

...

p-

l--1040

--

( )

- - --

- - -- - 1- - - --

- --

--

- -.-

---

- - ---1--

...

- ~----

- -- -

):

..

-- .

--

'

..:....

'

4.31

.
-~

Page 4. 27/ G01

t---- 1.211

Example2
The ratio X:Z = 0 . 4:1.2" 1: 3
This means 3 steps in z- axis and 1 step
in x- axis.

()

4. 27
Inputs
1 . Block number

Page 4.33

2. GOt

3 . x-coordinate of taper end poi nt

4 . z-coordinate of taper end poin t
5 . F-va l ue in tenth of inch

I;

Input format G01 taper

N . ./GOt/X ... .IZ .... .IF .. . 1

01

250

-250

25
.

Alarm signal A07

l)

lfnen you put in other data than X: Z

(1 - 39) : (1 - 39) the alarm signal 1107
appears . The co:nputer does not knO'.<
these other X:Z rat ios .

4.33

G01

Tapers in General .
)

Possible angles on COMPACT 5 CNC

The follow ing taper angles are possible:
Ratio X:Z
X:Z

(I

to 39) : (I to 39)

T'ne nurrJ)er of possib l e angles is lioi ted

because of computer capacities .
On the Co~pact 5 CNC the slides do not
move at the sarr.e time , but one after
a nother. l~hen turning at an angle ratio
of 39:35 He would produce a s ome,.;hat
rough su rface on the workpiece , so ,;e
limit ourselves in the turning exercises
to the ratio .
~

X:Z

(I

to lo)

to lo)

(I

Inputs
Progran the end point o f the taper .
1 . Bl ock nurrber
2 . GO!

3 . x- coordi nate of taper end point

4. Z-coordinate o f t aper end point
5. F- va lue in rr~/mi n

I J

--

o1

tSOo

z
-SOO

80

Input format G01 taper

N . ./G01/X , .. . IZ .... .IF . . .1

Alarm s i gnal A07

you put in other data than X:Z
( 1-39): ( 1- 39) the alarm signal A07
appears. The computer does not k n~~
t hese other X:Z ratios.
~nen

4.33

I.

-I

I~

t-' -

-+_T

11-

t-

1-

1-

rrI
I

I-

1-,

1-

- I-

r-

1--

t-

: ~ U: ~
~I--

1-

--

... ~J

~~

I-

J J~

- I

~'

r'-

lP+~
I
~
t

1-

1-

--

.,

~-

- -}-

-r- (/j

-(

~~
I
;~

_J

I-

~"i
'(//_~

I--

~
,...

- !t1-

J.

4.34

1\y

- t

t-

..1.

..

'-1-~

~--~

?- f

~/ (") '

! ~z' ~

-~.-r-

;-

/ - r0 '\.0

'

r--

I-"-

--

. ,...

- ~co

tl--

- 1-'-

-I-

..!.

H - - 1-

- t-

r1-

~r~
1-

-r

I ~

-r

f~

'I

' '

i-

r- 1

~- ~

t r._

r-lro

1-

~~
l 0~
z

..

~
~

-L

.1
I

1-

l
z 1-+

---

vz /

--

Cj>

vO"

t ,I

1- j

~
Jr- I

;-J~

j _
-r
f- 1-

/C\1 ~

1- i -

:- 1-

I-

..

-.-

,.,.. 1- ' - -1-

1- --

1-

--

_I_ .

r-'" __
,__.__,

'

-+

1---

: i"

}--

J
J

-+~

1-
...1.

.
_i
I

Page 4. 3S/

G01

()

00

00

-250

00
8lt00
00

01
02
0:}

Oli
05
06

( )

~
08

-50
0

-200
-850
-250

01
04

-so

-2()0

Of

.:IJ
0

- 400
0'

00

01

co

~0

Of

11

01

~2

04
~ 00
,{If
00
{S 0'1
.{{, 0'1

,n 00

_1t 00

22

-i't

-so

Example:
F

--

2o

20
20

2o

-2oo
--=-- 2o
-2oo.
2o

-5o
0

so

2oo

2o

A taper 1: 2 is to be turned.
Right hand side tool.

- - ---2oo
--

250 0

2o

1---.Q _ _ -~
..{oSO
.

--

1-

:...5)

2oo

Tap er 1:2

!tOO

-so

-so

.6'-:.

.2

()

Taper denomination

Taper I :K

- - 1- -- l

u
4. 35

Di ffer e nce of diame ter

Taper l ength

-D-16

is the proC)r arr., ing angle

<G

is called taper angle

G01

oo

00

- SOD

0~

00

oz

~~

o3

00

0~

00

- 100

OS

01
0-1

- 100

_Q_6.
Ot

o&
(

09
j_O

-11
12
_1_~

1~
r~S

-100

z
- !tOo
- 1100

0-1
00
00
01

100
0
-100
100

,,{,

01

ltiXl

11

00

Soo

-11'
111

00

go

- '>00
Rfl

- too

Ko

0
liDo

go

- ~00

fo

- /too

80

taper I: 2 is to be turn ed ,

Right hand side tool .

- 400

()'(

Example:
Ta,eor I: 2

_Q:f_ __jfiJ)_
00
0
00
- 100
01
-jQQ

so

~00

- ~oo
0

flll

go
1----- 12 - 1-4 1--

-!no

2'1.

Taper denomination

..

( )

Tap er I : K
0

Di fference of diaC-et er
Taper l ength
D- <l
1

is the prograrming anglo

oG.

is called taper a ng l o

4.35

Page 4.37/Go t
)

(
Programming exercise 1 (GO t )

--- ~

~
L

- ~ -

'&

- f ~

'&

~
~

()

I '

--

--

b- ,

--

u
4.37

r-.3"L .4I

.9.'

~ .-

"

..

G01

Programming exercise 7 (G01)

-4--- ~ ---~ $

--+---

-1-- ~ -

- H - 1x45

f-6 .. 1---10 1----- 20 --~

As-~
"'
I

~
I

..
I'

- -

- --

---- -

lj~

,,,,
)

4.37

G01

\
Angle a/2 and X: Z ratios

.
Angle

X:Z

Angle

Angle

X:Z

X:Z

I
-1

5, 7 1

I : lo

35 , 54

5: 7

6o , .t6u

7: 4

6,34

I: 9

36, 87

3: 4

6o , 95

9: 5

8 , I 3

I : 7

4: 5

63 , 43

2: I

9 , 64

I : 6

38, 66
39 , 8o0

5: 6

66 , o4

9: 3

I I, 3

I : 5

4o , 6o0

6: 7

7 3

12' 52

2: 9

4o , l9

7: 8

66 , 8o0
68 , 2o0

5: 2

14,o0

I: 4

41 , 63

8: 9

0
69 ' 41

8: 3

15, 910

2: 7

41 ' 99

9: lo

16 , 69

3 : lo

45 , o 0

18 , 43

I. 3

2o , 56

3: I

I: I

7 1, 56
0
73 , 30

48 , 8 1

0: 7

7<1 , o5

7 2

3: 8

49 , 4o0

7: 6

75 , 96

4: I

21,8

2: 5

So , 19

6: 5

77 , .no

9: 2

23 , 2o0

3: 7

51 , 34

5: 4

78 , 69

5: I

23 ' 96

4: 9

5 2 ,1 3

9: 7

8o , 54

6: I

26 , 56

I : 2

53 ,1 3

'l : 3

8 1, 8 7

7. I

29 , 74

4: 7

54 , 64

7: 5

82 , 87

8: l

Jo,96

3: 5

56 ,61

3: 2

83 ,66

9: I

32, o 0

5: 8

58 ,o0

8: 5

84 , 29

Ia: I

33, 69

2: 3

59 , o 4

5: 3

lo: 3

~ne

chart sh~~s only the angles f or the

ratios X:Z (l - 1o ): (l - 1o ). Alar ~ sign
"'ill appear h~..:cver only if angle ra tios
other than X:Z = ( 1-39 ) : ( 1- 3:> ) are prograr.r.:ed.

For the turning exercises we lioite ourselves t o ratios X:Z ~ (1-lo): (1-1o).

4.39
---"

GOt

Data on angles

Example

Z 5 x 1.67 8.35

We take f or ~h 3o0 the ratio X:Z = 3:5

( ""1.2 with 3 :5 = 3o,96.

The z -value is 5 ti mes as l arge , t hus

1, 67 x 5 = 8 , 35 rrm

( )
0

-- ~ --- -1-
~

52
The block fo r the traverse path S I S2 i s:
N

The tool bit has to traverse from

points S l to 52.

--

01

S01

- 835

_.!..._

Z=?

( )

By ratstng the value

fro~ 5 to 5 , ol ,
the tool bit j uts out o , ol rrm in xdirection a nd o , o3 u~~ in Z- di rection
over the i deal point .
Please take this into cons ideration
when prograr.,ming the f ollO'..-ing blocks.

51
I()

"
><
52

The path x i s 5

rr~ .

The ratio X:Z

3:5

5:3 = 1, 66666 ... , t hus not divisible .

lle take the next gteater number which is
divisib l e by 3: 5.o l
S , ol : 3 = 1, 67

4. 41

Page 4.43 G02/G03

n
G02 - .Circular Interpolation Clockwise
G03 - Circular Interpolation Counterclockwise
With the circu l ar interpolation the circu l ar arc is divided into single steps .
It is subs titu ted by many straight lines .
Di fferent fr om the linear interpolation
the ratio X: z c hanges h ere permanently .
I

r
.
~-

..- - ....

/ , /z ""'

.,.-1)- --:

Z:X )

'

........__ _/

Possible radii on the COMPACT 5 CNC

.05"/ . 1"/ . 15"/ .2"/ . 25 "/ ... up to 1.95"

Program Input
1 . Block nur.. ber

2 . G02 or G03

3 . X-value in thousandth of inch . As X-value

we put in the )(- coordina te of the 4th
part of circu mference.
The longitudinal slide ooves
automatically in minus - direction (direction chuck) . No Z- Input
~- F- value in tenth of inch

Alarm sign A01

1/hen input of radius is undefined (for
examp le r=l.13 inch) the alarm sign 1101
appe a r s.

()
/

4.43

G02/G03

G02

Circular Interpolation Clockwise

G03

Circular Interpolation Counterclockwise

lnth the circular interpolation the circu l ar arc is divided into single steps.
It is substituted by many straigh t lines.
Different f rom t he linear interpo l ation
the ratio X: Z changes here permanently.

Possible radii on the COMPACT 5 CNC

o,25/o, 5o/ l /2/3/4/5 ... up t o

59~

Program Input
I . Bloci< nu:::bcr
2 . G02 or G03

3. X-value in hundredth of ~' As X-value

we put in the x-coordinate of the 4th
part of circumference.
4. z

0 . The l ongitudinal slide ~ovcs

i n minus-direc tion (direction chuck).
~

auto~tically

5 . F-va lue

Alarm sign A01

i nput of radius is unde fined (for
e xampl e r ~ 4, 5 ~~) the alarm sign Aol
appears.
~~en

4. 43

G02/G03

Radii when outside turning

Radii clockwise 002

02

Ol

Radii counterclockwise 003

--

'
4. 45

~03

~>age 4. 47/

G02/G03

)
G02 - Radii clockwi se

~:oveccnt

of turning tool

Prograo for fourth part of circumference I

as see n fro:n above

~J-._.

()

Pourth pa rt of

ci rc~fcrence

~ ~ .. ,! -- ,@

Pou rth parts of circun fcrence 3 and 4 arP

no t prograrr.mable since Z-direction is po
sitive .

Input form al G02

N .. /G021X:!: ... .IF ...

G03 - Radii counterclockwise

t-:ovezcnt of turning tool
as seen

f ro~

Program for fourth part of circumfer ence 3

abo ve

-~t"
%

G<
. . I __ _

(
Program for fourth part of c i rcumference 4

j':

.P j

Fourtl'\ parts of circu,-, fe r ence 1 and 2 are

not prog ra~~able s i nce Z-direction is posi tive .

Input form al G03

N . .IGOJ/X .... I F= ...

u
4.47

G02/G03

G02 - Radii clockwise

!toverr:e n t o f

as s ee n

fro~

turni ng tool

above

Progr am for four th part of c i rcumfere nce 1

1~ /o~ 1-~~ 1 ~ L~l

Fourth part of circumfe r ence 2

I~ I ~2 ~ ~~ I ~ I~~ I
Fourth parts o f circumference 3 and 4 a r e
not prograrrmable since Z-direction i s positive.

Input format G02

N . ./G02/X ... .IF ...

G03 - Radii counterclockwise

:-tover.e nt of turning too l

as seen f rom above

Program f or four th part of circumference 3

I ~ Io~ 1-~~ 1
Prog t.a m

z
0

I~~ I

for fourth part of c i rcumference 4

I~ Io~ I ~~

z
0

I ~~ I

Fo\>rth parts of circun ference I and 2 a r e

not progra~u able s ince Z- di r ect i o n i s po si tive .

Input format G03

N . ./GOJ/X ... .IF= ...

4.47

Page 4.49 G02/G03

( )

pepth of cut when turning radii

You turn a rsdillS With the right hand side
tool . oe = 93
You have seen that with outside tu rni ng
(as with facing ) the max. depth of cut is
.012". 1-fnen turning a radius you find a
similar situation, either at the beginning
or at the end o f the fourth part of circumference.
Exercise:

PollaN wi t h the t ransparent paper (right

hand side tool) Mlo:l the indicat ed radius .
You will recognize the changing situation
i tm.ediately.

002

1-'.ax. depth gt cut of .012" only at the

begin at 93 .

()

Line of possible depth of cut

(

'
G03

Hax. depth of cut .012" only at the

end of radius at 93 .

' ()
4.49

>

G02/G03

Depth of cut hhen turning radii

You turn a radius with the right hand s ide
tool.
~ = 93
You have seen that with out side turning
(as with fac ing) the max . depth of cut is
o , 3 m:n. h"hen turning a radius you find a
sinilar situation , either a t the begi nn ing
or a t the end of the fourth part of circum f erence.
Exercise :

Foll~~ with the transparent pape r (right

hand side tool ) Hl o :l the indicated radi us .
You will recognize the changi ng situation
i rrruediate ly.

002
~lax. depth of cut o f o, 3 rr., only at the
begin at 93.

Line of possib l e depth o f cut

'

Hax. depth of c ut of o,o3 m:n only at the

end of radius at 93.

4.49

I
4.50

Page 4. 5 1/ G02/G03

()

Example G02
Hatcr i a l: Aluminiuc
St art i ng posi tion o f turning t ool as
in drawing .

..

-4--

' t
~- ---- ~ -- ~

--

'

./

(
N

00
-

00

-250
0

-200

01

00

02

Sit
81f

03

..QL _8L
05

- R4

06

00

-so

-AOO
-4~

- 200

- 160

-ns

25
25

25

-61S

25

-550

25

~250

01 __Qj_ - _Q_,_
250
08 02
09 00 -- 25.0
00
0

-185

22
4.51

25

1000 - --

G02/G03

~------------------------------------------Example G02
Nate r i a l: Al umini um
St arting p osi tion of turning tool as
in d ra..lng.
t---

-+-

15 -

- -- f-- - . -

--1

-.

( }
N

..QQ.._

- Soo

0
- ofOO

- Zoo

- of )

- 3oo

-1~

- ~00

- Soo
0

-1100

soo

soo
Q

gp_ _

2000

4. 51

.. .
Page 4. 53 G02/G03
)

Programming exercise G02/G03

Haterial: Aluminium
Prograc this e xercise such that you finish it with one final cut. Starting
pos i t i on of tool bit as in drawing .
Posit i on of tool bit at end o f program
to be identical with star ting position.
Hak e a drawi ng 1-1 10: I.
Tool: ri'.!ht hand side tcol

( )

; - - .--,-l-/r-.,.--4:...__!

()

-- -

Start position

A .,.
""lq

._--1-- +-- - +----4-- 1-

u
4.53

.. \

)",
I

")

G02/G03

I
Programming exercise G02/G03
llaterial : Al umi nium
Program this e xercise such that you fini sh it ~ith one f inal cut. Starting
position of tool bit as in dra~ing.
Position of tool bi t at end of program
to be identical "i th sta rti ng position .
Nake a drai ng

~l

10: I .

Tool : r i ght hand side tool

- - --1--

10 - -

1--1----1----~----

1--

1- -lf--

1---

-1--

- -1- --

---

- -

-i- - - -1- - - - - - - -

r--r---~-----1---

-----

-----

4.53

...

.,__,

--1---1-+~--_L'"
lj-H~-1

I
1-I +-j---,-H_L
-i-t+-Ut-1-+-Ll'--

I
1-11I

ti-:t+~--t=Jlil.
:
'T

'
17 r-=r;:-J:Ti""i~-t

~-~~
+4
-.< ~*~~~=iJ~
" '"
-H,--1-~j~'-,
--'T~tT9
,~
f,_
1' _' . ~1=,-1- - :- . ---l-1I ~+
J

o- ,_,_,-~f=-lJ.j==
r-s- ~- -oZ 1.
_

,_

,_
1-

1-

->-1- +-

l-
I __,
j

,_

j-+- I1-_,_

-t--

r--:~::~~
-=-:tllZ::::L'Ji_'
\
j
r -- ,.1-_.J
_,

t-

1--t--1--+-L-
,
I-

---

~ .
-0-+
.l..-1- ---
. - I -t-1 :_, __
z I~

1-

i-

1- - '

I.

,.

l~ l )'I
,_
~,
I

vi;~d

-~-vlfr>

"!!;

tl

c.

"-'-

-I

1-

-~
1

Ij--+-+--.l
').;;
""----'-+.
-,_j_.L...

1-

~1>-I-

I I
j-

'I

z -- ~ -1

-+-0 '

..._,_...J.._._.L..J:::t::iJ.:j-~
::: -+-1-J
J

,_,_1- -

T-

-i-

'

1-

,_

'+t

t ~-

f -+; , --

-,I

,_,::

...
1-t-1-__L
~

~",

--

I -

' __ ,-'___+-'--

- +
I

1-1-

,--r-.J..J-l.--1:_-t.LtI
1- I ..+

4.54

-1-1-

t--1-'- -

'

I- '

1--

-II

,
_
1- :-:=1- ~ ~:~
rt~~~
- +!-

=~=~~

~-l--l-1
~
b

~1~I 1

t-

1-

<,

~~~ - ' ' ' I I _:~~ ~~ ; :=: t1~;; --- - ~~~ ~ ' ---l-i .'- ' -~ :=-: .=!= ~

'- ;

''

.lZ
1-

1~.L-I H- ::::[27 ~
-~~
~' vo_~
-+ ~"
~"~
~j- J.r_-;~1- 1 ~ - :
1-

,/

I ,..,e (

f-!-

1--

p,:::l 0
- ------~
[+- ~

:::.

"'-"

I-;, ' -:=~

L

~
1~~-~
* 0-'-'

<

-~-'1--lt--

-H-1-__
. _,__
-

-+-_J_jf_ .

Pag e 4 .ss /G02/G03

(
Example G02/G03
Turning of intersected and corrbined
radii .
Reroark:
The tool bit al~ays e xecutes the movement of a fourth part of circu~ference.
~

...

.-

..".

e.

-&

()

.......... ~

cq

-&

Is,

I-

'-

.,I

.-

- .6"-

( )

(
start position
N

00

00

01

00

- 250
0

-2oo
- r~s

25
25 _ -

-so

02.

84

0~

K4

-AOO

-155

04

00
00

+350
0

- 1,50

02
02
00

+.{50

+250

(X)

OS
06
_Q]_

oe

09
AO

u
4.55

22

25
25

- .500
..- ACOO

--

G021G03

Example G021G03
Tur ning o f in tersec ted a nd

coz~ined

rad ii.
Re:nark:

The t ool bit a l.. ays exec ute s the movecent of a fourth pa r t of c ircumfe r ence .

'
..

'Go

......__

..

. I-

Cl)

'$

K j
....

It
- - 12 -

'
N

00

-SOO

00

- ~00

-1oo

- 1S1o

Ro

g~

100

- "t:'10

kO

00

100

00

02.

0
-1 0 00
300

oo

soo

00

0'1.

- JOO

80
flo

1.000

22.

4. 55

Page 4 . 57/ G33/G78

Thread Cutting on the COMPACT 5 CNC

On the Compact 5 CNC you cut left hand

and right hand threads , insi de and
outside .

Possible pitches
. 001" - .199" i n steps of . 001 "

Main spindle speeds when thread cutting

( )

These are limited. If the main spindle

speed is too fast , t he f eed cir i ves >:ill

( )

be inacti ve and ca nno t be synchronized

,;ith the r.!ain spi ndle speed any more .

Therefore b etter program G20 before
thread- cutting so you can slo..; dcr,;n the
main spindle speed, if necessary . If
the speed is too h i gh , there will be
alarm indi cation.
Hax

speed in relation to pitch (approxima t e va l ues)

Nax . spindle speed ( 1/min)

TPI

Pi tch in inch

l ooo - 25

.001

.040

300

.041

.060

200

16

- 16
- 12

.080

180

12

.081

.1 20

130

8 -

. 121 - . 199

70

25

. spi ndle

.061

Al arm sign 1106

\~hen you surpass t he spi ndle speed
by
more than 5 %, the alarm sigll appears.

<.. )
4. 57

G33/G78

Thread Cutting on the COMPACT 5 CNC

On the Co:npact 5 CNC you cut left hand
and right hand threads , inside and
outside .

Possible pitches
o , ol - 4, 99 in steps of o,ol

rr~

Main spindle speeds when thread cutting

These are limited . If the main spindle

speed is too fast, the feed drives ,;i 11
be inactive and cannot be synchroni zed
'<ith the main spind le sp eed any n:<:>re .

Therefore better program G20 be f ore

thread- cutting so you can slO' dan the
main spind l e speed , if necessary. I f
the speed is too high, the r e '<ill be
a larm indication.
~ax

spindle speed in relation t o pitch

Pitch i n

\.

llax . spind l e speed (1/minJ

o ,ol

-I

3oo

I ,ol

2oo

1 '51

-2

18o

2, ol - 3

13o

3,ol

~larm

rr..:1 l

I, 5

- 4,99

7o

sign AOO

lfuen you sutpass the spi nd le speed by

r.ore than 5 %, the alarm sign appears.

4.57

Page 4. 59/G33/G78

()

UNR Bolt Threads

p

a
UJ

( )

As an example for inch threads we have

a look to the UNR threads .
Tne pitch is specified by the number
of threads per inch.
~~!~~!~~!~~-~! -~~~~~~

Tnread UNRC size 12 has 24 threads per

inch:
P 1tc h = I inch
= . o4167 "
24
The geometrical shapes ~nd dimensions
are standardized a nd can be fou nd in
technical handbooks .
Example: Designations and dimension
of an URR bolt thread .
D = Basic major diameter
E = Basic pitch diameter
Ks= Minor diameter for external thread
r
Root radiu s
H = Height of sharp u-thread
P = Pitch
h3= Depth of external thread

The Values I Calculation

D and corresponding pitch are given for
the relative threads.
OJ is Dts

or

. 61343 x Pitch

r = . 14434 x Pitch

H= .866o3

x Pitch

As the roo t radius r is dependent on

the pitch (r = .14434 x pitch), for
every pitch a cer tain root radius has
to be considered .

'
4.59

G33/G78

Determination of a Thread
Scre~s,

nuts , mach i ne parts can be ex-

changed.
This is possible because of standard i zation

of quality st<ll1ciards
of sp ec ial ins pection pro cedure s
o f s tondards o n the denc:ilination of

thread tjpes
As exanple ~e use in the foll~Ning the
oe tric ISO standard thread according t o
DIN 13.

(I SO = Inter na t ional Standard Organisation) . DIN= German I ndustrial Standard)

O~o

l
J:

It
)

P
d
D

=
=

d2 =
d3 =
Dl
H

h3

r =
HI

c:

h)

HI

Pitch of thread
Ou tside dia~eter of bolt
d= Nominal diame ter for bolt and
nut
D2 Thread pitch diarnatet for bol t
and nut
mnor thread diao:e ter of bol t
Hinor thread diameter of nut
Heigh t of profile heigh t of fi cti tions profile triangle (..:ith
r ounding and l e ve l ing)
Depth of thread of bolt a 1/2
(d- d3 )
Rounding radius = H/6 = o ,l4434 P
Bearing depth
o , 866o3 P
0,6 1343 p
o , S4 127 P
11/6 - o , 14434

4. 59

Calculated
values

Page 4. 61/G33/G78
()

UNRF

Thread
p

LLJ

( I

l!!i n or Dirnte r
Basic
Majo r
Oiam .

Sizes

4 (. 112)
(J

5( . 1?.~)
6(.138)
8( . 164)
10( ,190)
12(.2 16) '
1/4
5/16
3/8
7/16
1/2
9/tr.
5/8
3/4
7/8

Thds.
per
Inch.

Inches

o. 1120
o. 121\0

Oas i c
I' itch
Oiam.,

Inches

o. 0985
o. 1102

0.2160

4{1
44
40
36
32
28

0.2500
0 . 3125
0 . 3750
0.4375
0 . 5000
0 , 5625
0.6250
0 . 7500
0 , 8750

28
24
24
20
20
18
18
16
14

0.1380

o. 1640
o. 1900

F.xt .
Thds.

Int .
Thds .

I nches

Inches

Root
Radius

Pi tch

I nches

I nches

0.1218
0 . 1460
o. 1697
o. 1928

0 . 0864
() , 0!1? 1
o. 1073
o. 1299
0 . 1517
o. 1722

0 . 0894
0. 1004
o. 1109
o. 1339
o. 1562
0 . 1773

0.0030
0.0033
0,0036
0 . 0040
0.0045
0.0051

0 . 0208
0 . 0227
0 . 0250
0 . 0278
0 . 03 12
0.0357

0 . 2268
0.2854
0.3479
o. 4050
0 .4675
0.526<1
0. 5889
0 . 7094
0 , 8286

0 . 2062
0.2614
o . 3239
0.3762
0 . 4387
0.4943
0.5568
0 . 6733
0 . 7874J

o. 2113

0.0061
0 . 0060
0 . 0060
0 . 0072
0 . 0072

0 . 0357
0.04 17
0 . 04 17
0 . 0500
0 . 0500
0 , 0556
0 . 0556
0.0625
0 . 071 4

__ .____

0.2674
0 . 3299
0.3834
o. 4459
0.5024
0.5649
0.6823
0 . 7977

You see that to each pitch the re belongs

a rounding radius r . Tha t rr.eans: for
each pitch you need a thread-cutting
too l .

u
4.61

0 . 0080
0 . 0080

0 . 0090
0.0103

G33/G78

~--------------------------------~)

Metric ISO - Standard th reads according to DIN 13

'0

I I

1--

<')

'0 '0

P - ---c

Q~o

,
Thread llo:ainal dia.
d: D

Pitch

'I'nrcad pitch Hi nor thread

dJ dia .
dia. d2 D2
Dl

o,5

2, 675

o,7

3, 545

o,a

l, o

1. 25

lo

2. 397

Depth of
hJ t hread HI

Roundinq
ra dius r

2 , .-:59

o, 3o7

o , 271

o ,o72

3 , l.fl

3, 242

0 , 429

o , J79

o , l ol

4, 18<>

4 , o19

4 , 134

0, 49 1

o ,4J 3

0 , 1 15

5, 35o

4 , 77)

\, 9 17

o,613

o , S41

o , 14 1

7 ,l OB

6 , "66

6, 6117

o , 767

0 ,677

o ,l Bo

1. 5

9 , o26

8 , 16 o

8, 376

o , 9Zo

o , 8 12

0 , 217

12

1, 75

b, 86 J

9 , 853 b, 106

J , o7~

0 , 947

0 , 253

16

2, 0

1-l , 7ol

tJ , 546 13,83 5

1. 227

l , oSJ

o, 2S9

2o

2, 5

l3 , 376

;:; 933

l, 5H

1, )5)

o , 361

17 , 29.;

( )

You see t hat to each pitch there be lonqs

a r oundinq radius r. That c.eans : for
each pitch you need a t hread -cutti ng
t ool.

( )

4.61

G33/G78

Jndexable Ups for threading

1. Full profile ti ps

2. Par t ial profile tips

With the full profile Ups you cut the

correct thread profile . 'iou need
f or each t hread pro file and
for each pitch
a separate tip.

Advantage :
l:hcn using par tial profile tips , you can
usc on tips for various pitche s within
a cer tain range of pi tches.
Di sadvantage:
The rounding radius i s not according to
standard.

The out s i de diar.e ter wil l also be ca li brated .

On t he cmiPACl' 5 CIIC we usc pa r t prefile tips , to enable us to thread-cut

within a certain range of pi tches .

4. 63

Page 4. 65iG33/G78

(
The tool holder for external threading (order no. 260 620)

The indexable tips for right hand threading (order no. 260 621)
Ca l c ulation of I n feed

h) "'ith partial profile tips:

h 3 "'i th full profile t ips:

. 75777 x Pi tch- r

. 61343 X Pitch
Basic ~lajor Oia - Mi nor Oia
=
2

r Radius of tool bit nose

Tne i ndexable tip is a partial profile
tip . It ca n be \I Sed for pitches from
o , 5 to I. Smm and for 16 - 48 threads
per inch (TPI ) .
0
Tnread angle = 6o
Rounding radius r .oo16 (o,o4mu)
That means : t he mi nor .thread diameter
Ks will c ha nge for the rE'lativc p itch ,

)
0 - Ks
2

Tnreads per
I nch

Pitch
(inch)

Infeed h3 wi th profile too l (inch)

Infecd "'ith
o .ool6" radius

tool ( inch )
48

o.o2o8

44

o.o22 7

4o

o . o 128

0 . 0 142

o.o139

o.o1 56

o .o25o

o.o1 53

0 . 0 173

36

o.o278

o .o 17o

0 .0 195

32

o.o312

o.o192

o .o22o

28

o . o357

o.o219

o.o2 55

24

o.o4 17

o. o2%

o.o3oo

o .oSoo

o.o3o7

o.o363.

18

o.o556

o . o341

o.c4 oS

16

o.o625

o.o383

o. o458

2o

4. 65

\.

Suggested tolinioun t;o. of

rough passes

'rt

G33/G78

The toolholder for external threading (order no. 260 620)

The indexable tips for right hand threading (order no. 260 621)

The indexable tip is a partial profile

tip. It can be used for pitches from
o,S to 1, 5 ~~and for 16 - 48 threads
per inch (TPI ) .
~hread angle
= 6o0
Rounding radius r = o,o4 - o,c45 rr_rn
That means: t he minor thread diame t er
d3 will change for the r elative pitch,
-,;he n compared t o !SO-standard .

The depth of t hread

bigger .

d - d)

= h3 is

l
Pitch P

( mm)

ace. I SO, DINJ3

(top radius changes
l<i th every pitch )

h)

h3 whe n using tip l<ith

top radios o , ol rn:n

o,S

0 , 307

o , 337

o ,6

o , 368

o , 4 IS

o,7

o , 429

o , 49o

o, 75

o , 46o

0 , 528

o ,8

0 ,49 1

o , 551

1. 0

o , 613

0 , 7 17

J ' 25

o , 767

o ,9o7

1' 5

o , 92o

1, l oo

4.65

--

G33/G78

Synchronisation
Hain s pi ndle speed - Feed when th read
cutt i ng
Convent ional lathe

Nith a conventiona l lathe , the drive of

the l eadscrew co~s via a gear wheel on
the r.a i n spindle, via change gears, via
the f eed gearbox onto the leadscrew .
There i s a closed mech anica l ci rcuit of
force . If the roa i n s pindle move s slo-.;er
(e . g . because of heavier load ) , then
the leadscre.; will turn slo-.-:er as ..:ell.
'l'he t hread-cut ting pitch ho.<ever re::ains
the saree.

4.67

G33/G78

Synchronisation
!lain spindle drive - Feed size when
thread- cutting on the COHPI\C'r 5 CI'C.
Nain spindle and feed drive are not
frictionally connected. The synchronisation is ef f ected vi a the computer.

Principle

( )

1 . The impulse sender 1 gets the revo-

lutions of the main spindl e from the

perforated d i sc and transmits it to
the co=.puter . Here it is processed ,
and from that information it de termines the feed required to obtain the
progr afuced thread pitch .
The result is trans f ormed into an instruction i rr~ediately and gi ven to
the f eed rr~tors.

( )
2.
Slots for synchronisation

thread is always cut in a few cyc l es .

You r emember that you had to observe
wi th conventional l athes: may I open
the half- nut at this pi t ch and ha do
I get back to the same position?
1\

I rr.p ulse sender

for start-feed

I mpulse sender (I )
I mpulse fro:n perforated
disc to r egulate feed .

The start instruction for the feed has

to be a lways at sarr~ angle position of
the nain spindle.
The perforation on the disc transmits
via the i rr.p ulse sender the angle position to the co:r.pute>: . The latter one
gives the start instruction to the
stepping motor of the longitudinal
slide .

4. 69

G33/G78

Surr.'1lary Synchronisation
I.

The feed rate is control led vi a t he

pe r for ated disc on the r-ain spindle .

2 . The perforat ion o f t he discs tra nsmits t he anqle position o f t he oa in

spindle and in i tiates the star t instruction to the stepping ~Qtor of
the l ongitudinal slide , t hus the tool
bit always retu rn s to cor r ec t position for next c ut.

Transmiss i on of
r e volution
Transmission of
anqle position

I c:pulse for
feed rate =
speed

4. 71

Page 4. 73/ G33/G78

()

G33 - Threading with Constant Pitch

Inputs G33
I. Block number !I
2. G33
3. X 0
4 . Length o f thread i n coluon z i n thous andth o f inch
+Z Right hand thread
-z Left hand thread
5 . In column F, thread pitch in thous andth of inch

Examele:
Right thread
2o tpi
Pitch .!.
.050"
2o
Le ngth of thread .5"
~

..

:33

N . .IG33/ Z ..... /F . . .

05 20
06

Input format G33

.
600

50 1-

Technique o f threading
~he

tool bit has to be fed in s t eps

by measurement h l .

I. Feed in only in x-axis:

-------------------------First c ut with depth of .008"

Furthe r cuts at
Last cu t at

.004"

.002 11

------

2. Feed in X- and Z-axis:

--------- ------- --(J

4. 73

G33/G78

G33 - Threading with Constant Pitch

Exat:ole :

Inputs G33

Length of thread 12, 5

Pi tch o, 75

..

1. Block nuumer N

rr~

~os 1.0
0{,
33

1250

75 r

2 . G33
3. X = 0
4. Length of th read in column Z in hundredth o f lr.Dl
+Z = Right ha nd thread
-z = Le ft hand thread
5 . In col~~n F, thread pitch in hundred t h
of m::1.

Input format G33

N . ./G33/ 2 .... .IF .. .

Techniqu e of threading
The tool bit has t o b e fed in s t eps
by measureme nt h3 .
\

! ;_~~~~-~~-~~!_ ~~ -~=~~!~ :
Fi r st cut wi th depth of o,2
Further cuts a t o,l ~~
Last cut at o,o5 rom

~"

2. Feed in X- and z-axis :

..

4. 73

Page 4 . 75 / G33/G78

( l

Threading with G33

Example:

f-- 8" -

I!!.

a:

16

1-

.0
.-

()

UIIF thre ad
Size 3/4"
16 threads p e r inch
Pitch = I = .0625"
infeed with partia l prof ile
tool r =0 . 04~t.ro = .0016' ' : ~ = . 0 458"

l-Ie assun:e t hat cl e arance cut and chamfer

are alre ady do ne, threa d!ng t ool i s a t a
dista nc e o f .oS" to the f acing side and
.oo 1" t o o ut sid e of wolkpiece.
Since t u rning t ool "'ill have to be changed
as well as rr.a in s p indle speed , the
b l ock be f ore t he threading itself must
b e N.. /G=20 (d,;e ll) . ll e assume this b l o c k
carries the number II.
N= l2
N= l 3
N=l4
N= l S
N= l 6

N1 3
Nl4

Po s i tioning .010 with rapid traverse

First cut (Depth o f cut . 009")
Repositioning 1~ith rapid traverse
Re po sitio ning with r apid trave rse
Po s itioning . 014" ,;ith rapid t raverse; (
(Programmed cu t ting depth .oo S")

N12

41 20
-12 00
A2> 33
Alt

00

As oo

N15

- AO

- 9oo
.fo
0

62

9oo

For on e cut 4 bloc ks have to be pro A very t ime consuming p r ogramming. Therefore yo u u se c ycle G78 for
threading .
grarr~ed.

u
4. 75

G33/G78

Threading with G33

E x a~r,ple :

22

Fine th r ead i ng according t o I SO

M2o X l' s

-----

---

)(

C'l

::0

- ----

d B 2o rr.m
6o0

oG.

I , S mm

h3

l'1

IT~11

(depth of thread)

)
We ass~e that clearance cut and chaofer
are a l read} done , threading tool is at a
distance o f I ~ to the f acing s ide and
o , l mm to ou tside of workpiece.
Since t ur ning t ool wi l l have t o be cha nged as we ll as ma i n spind le s peed, the
block before the threadi ng i t sel f must
be N.. /G=2o (dwell ). We ass~e this
block carr ies t he number II.
Nl2

Pos iti oning o , 3 rr~

ve rse
~First cu t
~ Repositi oni ng with
= Repos it i oning with
s Pos i t i oning o , 3 mm
verse, etc ~

Nl 3
Nl4
Nl 5
Nl 6

)
N

Nl3

,f~

11

Nl4

rapi d t r averse
r apid trave r se
.<ith r apid t ra-

with r api d tra-

Nl2

13

1n

33

11(

00

1S

no

N!5

-30

()()

2 ~00

15"0

30

+ 24nn

For one cut 4 blocks have t o be p r ogram=ed . A very ti~ consuming progr amming . Therefore you use cyc l e G78 f or
threading .

4. 75
)

G33/G78

Threading Cycle G78

As with the cycles for longitudinal tu~ning
also with the threading cyc l e 4 single
s t eps a~e put toqethe~ in one block .

Prograrr-<ning:
~!~e_!~

Enter the feed i n value in the X- column .

I~J_:, 1~- k-1

:

~!~!?- ~~
- Enter the thread length in the Z-column.
- Enter t he pitch in hundred th of mrn in
the F-col wnn .
~!!!e~_L!- ~.:.
The repos i tioning of the tool bit to the
starting point is done autooatically.

Input format G78

N . ./G78/X ... .IZ .... .IF .. .I

The speeds for the 4 steps

Step 1: Proqrar.Jr.ed thread pi tch
Step 2: Proqraar-..ed thread pitch
Step 3: Prograa.:ned thread pitch
Step 4: Rapid t r averse

4. 77

Page 4 . 79/G33/G78

('
Possible cycles

( )

( 1

A Right hand thread, exte rnal

s"

B Left hand thread, e xternal

IJ2!.20.UNF
.!!J

No 12- 24.UNC
right

....--~F""""'9t-~

,--.__,k==t-~

()

Prograo for one cyc l e

Pros:am for one cycle

Input format G78

Input format G78

N . .IG78/X = - ... .I
Z = - .... .IF = .. .

N . .IG781X = - ... .i
Z = + ... . .IF = .. .

4.79

G33/G78

Possible cycles

A
~--~4~--~--~

c
\ )
A

Rioht hand thread, externa l

Left hand thread, external

20

( )

Program f or one cycle

Program for one cycle

Input format G78

Input format G78

N . ./G78/X = - .. ..I
Z = - .... .iF = .. .

N . ./G78/X = - ... ./

... )

4. 79

+ .... .IF = .. .

Page 4.81/G33/G78

()

<.:

I utenlal t hread , right h a nd

.
1/2-28.UNEF

I n t ernal threa d , le f '!3

fT/?'"7"/~~'?"""r"J...,.J

1/28

= .0 357 1"

1/16

.0625"

Program f or the f i rst cyc l e.

Prcqram for one cyc l e

2
600

Input format G78

Input format G78

N . .IG78/ X = + . . . .I

N . ./G78/X

=+

.. . .!

()

u
TECHNIQUE Or THREADING
Tool bit po sition at start of cycle G78
I. C'noose zero- point o f cycle such that
you keep a little distance t o t he
e nd o f the "orkpi ece .

2 . 'l'he zero-poi nt of cycle should neither be to c l ose to the surfac e o f

the .,.,orkpiece . 1 t could scratch on
the sur f ace when ~oving back to the
starting position (step 4) .
So choose the zero -point of cyc l e at
o , I run distance to the surf ace .

4.81

l )

G33/G78

I nter na l thread , riqht hand

Interna l t hread , left hand

( )

Program for the first cyc l e .

Program for one cycle

X

+2o

Input form at G78

Input format G78

N . ./G78/X

=+

N . ./G78/X + . . .. I

... ./

( I

TECHNIQUE OF

THREADI~G

Tool bit position at start o f cycle G78

I . Cnoose zero- point o f cycle such that

you keep a little di s t ance to t h e

end of t he ,;orkpiece .
2 . The zero-point of cyc l e should nei ther be to c lose to the surface of
the workpiece. I t could scratch on
the sur face when rroving back t o the
starting pcsition (step 4).
So choose the zero- point of cyc le at
o,l r.m dista nce to the sur face.

4.81

Page 4. 83
(

Programming exerci se 9 (G78)

LOok in the cha r t s for the de t ai l s
of the t h read.

- 20.UNEF

-J

/'\J

'I

..... - ___",.. __ 'o.

-e

"6

1- -

CIO

~
~

()

-. ---r-

~-

~.3'!.

.os'lc 450

1--.4" --

.9~! .

\
'-.-/

'

-- -

--- -

I'

---

'

--

.
.

u
4. 83

- -

Programming exercise 9 (G78)

LOok in the charts for the detai ls
of the thread .

-- ~ - --~ -- r
~

1- -

<'<

( )

f-6-

Jx 45
~-- 10 -

20

'

- 1- -

--

)(

~~

V)

...r

> ..

4. 83

Control of Dimensions- Corrections of Dimensions

Hand-operated machine

NCMachlne

l~i th hand-operated machi nes the t urni ng

operation often ~ill ce interrupted for

To

is also necessary when using

partic ularly when oanufact ul'ing the f i rst workpi ece it i s o f ut rr~s t importance .

rr.easurements.

Yo u position by r:.ea ns of the graduated

sca l e on t he hand~he e l , h~~evcr you
"'ill h ave to chec ~ the intermed iat e and
the final s i ze of the ~orkplece .
The c ore expe r i enced t he l a the operato~
the less i ntermediate ceasur cmcnt s he
11111 have to t~e .

( )

~e asure

1~ -cachines ;

l>'ily are measuterr.e nts necessa ry?

- Setting of t ool bit not accurat e
- \~ear of bit edqe
- Pressure of the ch ip can often not be
calcu l ated (dcfor cation of machine a nd
~orkp iece poss ibl e )

Corre ction s of dimensions

You have cer t a inly rea lized how t he cor rections can ce oade .
1.

correction without a program change

2. Correction by program change during

or af ter t he nanufacture

Ho.< di d .<c pos ition t he t ool bit for the

program start?

Coocpare page 5.3 1

- Scratchinq the face side

- Scratchinq the outsi de
- Positioninq of t ool bit i nto start position

\lhich mista kes can be n:ade?

- Diatr.eter of um:orked piece was not
checked
- Scrat c hing was not accurate

( )

This rr.eans that the qiven posit ion for

the program star t was not correct .
Correction after the first workpiece :
- Fini sh first workpiece
-

l~easure

- corr ect start position o f tool bit f or

f ollo.ing workpi ece usinq ha nd-ope rat i on mode
Correction during manufacture:
- Press key {!illl + IF~>'D I

Attention:
h'hat co you have to consider with a correction du~ing rna nufacture?

- Swi tch to ha nd-ope r ati on and correct

t ool bit.

4.85

--

Oulllne programming

Programming the outline of a workpiece

IL

......

.;--

:;:::.....-

The .:orl<piece can als o be manufac tured

by out li ne/contour cuts to be executed
step by step.
Tnis rcethod is used when prefor~~d pieces (cast- i ron par t, forg ing , r~lded
piece ) are turned .
I . Roughi ng cut
2. Finishing cut

Method used on Compact 5 CNC:

Example: Working oul of lhe full

r"\
-

v
Breal<-do-.-n of cuts:
First cut

1~--.----T,d

Fro~ t he e xampl e you see that the tool

b it exe cutes with prC<Jram:ned feed mallY
"cuts in the air". Tnat r.eans l onger
working time .

The nur.ber o f blocks in t he program is

however le ss . And this mea ns on the
other hand less proqr~~ing tir.e and input time .

r -- - - -"
0

--------------------------------------------------~
4.87

4.88

Page 4 .89/0utllne programming

Programming example:

)
Depth of c u t per run

.OS"

R.2s

.s" -.j..oo-- .s" --~

,_- -- - - -

2.2::__- - - -- ---l

.f

Programming t he outline of t he lwrkpiece

I Tool bit position - Program s'tart

(firs t r un)

Bloc ks 1:00 to 1110

2 Tool bit position - Program end
(after first run)

00 00

Start position for second run

0( 0{
0'1. 01

so
0

- 50
-50
- 250

02>

(J2.

A50

O't

01

SO

-50

0
-250
0
. 250

-300
-500

0
-100
0

-350

O.r; 01
06 01

01

01

08

02,

()~

O..f

40

0~

11

00

112

co

-0oo

3o

30
30 :30 - (
30
30
?Jo'

3o

_ o_

__QQ_ .
_QQ_ _

2250

- If()()

N11

~----

Tool bi t posi tion at program end

Nil Move back i n +Z-axis
N12 Move back in - x -ax is
The tool bit is positioned .OS" (whe n
depth of cut is .OS" over the program ( )
start poin t.

( j
4.89

Outline programming

)
Programming example:
Depth of cut per run = I

f-

- + r -lx4 so

t )

-r--12

to -~o---16 --~

~~
._---------- 44 -----------.~

Prograrr:ning t he outline o f the l<erkpiece

I Tool bi t pos ition - Program start

( first run)

Bloc~s

2 Tool bit position - Prograo end

(first run)

'

_Q_q_

_QQ_

_ q__

- 100 - ---- _Qj__ - 01 _Jg_() -- - -: 100 - 109_ -

Start position for second run

...

::oo to :Ho

.QL

1 __2_ _
03 - 02
300
_Q!j_ _Q1_ . 100

OS"

01

- soo
J-

-100
------- 100 - lj)__

.PL
_fl._

- soo-

00

_-=-.1flPJL

_tg_o_ 100
10Q_ -

.!!.
0 - -1- --- (, 00

1QL 11100

-- _100~ -

soo

0 -- 1QL 00

oo

- 800 - - - -

--

N11

~-- --

Tool bi t position at program end

Nil }love back in +Z-a xi s
N12 1-:ove back in - x-a x is
The tool bit i s pos i tioned I um (whe n
depth of cut is 1 rrml over the program
star t point .

4.89
-

Page 4. 9!/0utllne programming

Manufacture:

Tool bit position - first run

We have determined the maximum depth of
cut with . OS " : thus the tool bit has to
be positioned for the first run off the
workpiece outside line. X=- .0 5"

()

~~~

'-----------------N"'

Execution of further outline/contour

cuts
By pressing the key START, t he fol lowi ng
cuts will be executed .

()

(J

( )
4. 91

Outline programming

Manufacture:

Too l bit pos i t ion - f i rs t r u n

l~e h ave determined the maximum depth of
cut with 1 !M l : thus the tool bit has to
b e pos i tioned f or the f i rs t run X= - I m:n
off the workpi ece ou tside line .

( l
Execution o f f urther outline/ contour
~
By pressing the key STARl', the fo llo>.'ing
cu ts .<i ll b e e xecuted .

4.91

Exercises

Exercises
TECH!IOLOGICAL DATA
Max . Cutting Speed :

Nax . Feed:

Turning: Alumini UM 2So m/ oin

Brass: I SO m/oin

Turn ing : Aluninium o , oS r~/rev.

Brass: o,oJ ~~/rev .

Parti ng o ff :

Aluminiu~ ISo o/min

Brass: 12om/min

Par ti ng off: Aluminiuo o , o2 ~~/rev .

Brass: o , o2 ~~/rev .
~!a x .

dep t h of cut: approx . I rtn

Workpiece time and production time

I.

l~orkpiece

t i "'e

= Portion

of setting

til!.e
~!ounting and disr.,o unting tirr.e
+ Production tiu.e

+ :.:easutement tirr.e

2. Production peri od = Time passing

from pressing key iSTARTito finish
of ma nufactur e (i . e . sl i des have
~~ved back to starting posi tion for
ne xt workpi ece) .

The production time (t. ) Is divided Into

Secondary Til!c ( t 0 )

l ~ain

Tio:e during operation, .-~hen there is

no chip r er.:oval.
( = ti~e for t ool change or t i oe i n which
slide coves ithout any ch i p reiD:>val)

a Total of tir.e during which chip is rer..oved.

ti[r.e (ch ip remova l titnc tn)

The total of t i mes (..orkpiece tic:e ) and

the rat io of secondary and main tice
depends on the program which you a re
doing.

4.93

Exercises

The ratio between input- and programming time

(tp) to production time (te)
Technologica l data such as
- max. cutting speed
- max . depth of cut
- max . feed rate
are mainly given. The chip r emoval e xpert 1dll influence production time,
surface quality and prec ision achieved
by vari at ions of the t echnological data.

....--

The most important factor in fluencing

the production ti me will hC'..:eve r be the
way hC'..: the prograu~ing is done .

Example

The .wrkpiece has to be r..anu factured .

PrograrrL-:ling 2:

Programmi ng 1: Contour programming (pro f ile programming)

'

Targe t is to achieve a very short '.10rk piece tir..e , that r.:eans very short secon-

1nth contour prograrrming the p rogran mi ng time and input time ,;1 11 be very
short. T'ne production tir:.e hC'..:e ver
quite long, since there are secondary
times.

dary ti mes too. So in most cases the

prograr.ming and input ti me . .:ill be l arger .

Pro<Jramming and input time (tp l

Progra~ing

\-:orkpiece time (te l

Workpiece time (te l

Secondary ti rr.e <tn l

Secondary ti(c.e <tnl

:O!ai n tir.:e (till

Nain tirr.e ( t h)

and input tir:e (tpl

Conclusion:
The programmer .,;ill decide ~<hich way to
go depe nding on the number o f ,;orkpieces. He has to optinize bet,; ee n tilT.~
necessary for progranming and workpiece
time .

4.95

-Exercl

~--~----------------------Figure 1: Pawn

33

20

...

!!'

'G

22
4 .

"'

':-

~v
)

-...,

'G

'G

17.

Figure 2: Bishop
45

36
16
~

11

1x45

!!'

'G

__...
2

2 2

45

4.97

v
-

.~

~~ 1 -

,_
6

Exercis es

----------------~

~---------------------------

Figure 3: Castle

( 5)

2x45

2x45

- -

_......

I"

1--

co
~

1--

1--

'S

'&

'&

'&

1-1/

............

2 2

f-

1\

4.5
4

15

22
29

40

nn~mmmM
Figure 4: Knight

.ll
.li

.ll
_15

~
0

'$.

~
'$.

22

4 .99

'$.

Exercises
Figure 5: Queen
55

39
33
15
6 .5

y
"""<

00
M

l;7

/
0
- '$
--

;!
'$

&

12

'$

'$

'

y(

'!1

"

~'

3 3

a~a
Figure 6: King
65
50

19
13

75

co

'G.

'Q

v-

_....,...

1\.

;!

0
.. :! - f - - $

- __,_
.

-s.

'Q

,....,_,

II" I

i.
)

33

4 .1 01

1'-

-""' ~~

::!!
Q:

3 3

~
'Q

I
x )

5. Program Input

,.

./

Input format
Process of putting In data
Program input
Take over of registered values

II

5. 1 -5. 3
5. 4 -5.5
5. 7 - 5.9

5. 11

Operating elements
Figure keys, word display, memory key,
delete key

5. 13. 5. 27

Double keys
Program hold
Program interruption
Delete program

5. 29-5.35

--Program Input

Program Input

The knobs , d igi tal read-outs and syrrnols

may confuse you at t he beginning a
little bi t. It is bet ter to start with
putting i n a simp l e program and go
th rough the key-functions step by step.
In half-an-hour you will cer t ainly be
familiar with it .
PROCRA:I INPU'l '

Sum:nary:

I!EJ c

input l<ey

(DEL}

dele t e key

(FWD) = advance by block

(REVl

reve rse by block

1-1 = back. by word

(F'..;OJ + lmPI = hold in prog r am
(ItiPl + (REVI = interruption of program

(IIIPI + (REVI

= delete

a l arm

Press (DELl then @ill de l ete program

5. 1

Program input

Input format

Tne input forma t prescribes which i nformation has to be put in and which not.
The input for mat depends on the G-function.
Tne co~puter a sks certain inputs for
the relative G-func tion .

Input format
N /GOO/X . ./

Let 's take the first block agai n.

I ~ ~ 1-~~

\ )
~!ode

of operation: Ct>C-operation

QD

GD
I ~ ready for the f irst
block HOO.

l-Ie put in l OCO - and press

........

)
We press key IINP~

GD

lwP!.

........

'r:~u , ..-ell, you i ntend to t:.O '-'C

wi th rapid t.ra ..'(l rse spee-d by
to ~ in X-ninus- d irection . I

have er.o1.Jgh in fomation for

b lock W::O ar.d I
i:nat do y ou vA.nt

..-i th lZOO?

b loc:.C t:Ol .

Wait for your input for G!

)
I

We put in 00 and press IHIPI

5.3

ready for

What happens when data Is put In?

We put in GB4.

I. Secretary (interface element) reports

to d i rector:
"So::-ebody wants G84!"

4. The director instructs t he memory

operating program (RJIM=Random access
u:ernory) :
"Reme:nber .G84"

2. Di rector (CPU~Cen tra l Processing Unit

5Hi c roprocessor ) asks his specialists :
11

5 . 'Ihe memory reports to the director:

"O.k., I have noted' it dO"I'I'n! "

Can ne execute G84? ,.

(
3. The s pecialists ( EPRO~:~Programmable
read-only memory) t hi nl< and inform
the director:
"Yes

~e

6 . Director instr ucts his press-speaker

(output element ) :
"Sho-"' them out there, that we arc
clear with GB4. We have everything
understood and ready for further i n-

can!"

puts !"

5. 4

Dala lnpul

What happens when Data is put in?

Data Input

Digital read-out

Interface element
(secretary)

Central processing
unit = Microprocessor
(Director)

Output element
(press speaker)

l )

Operating program
EPROMS (Speci<~lists)

Memory = RAM

5.5

L - - - -- - - -----'

Program input

Program Input

.At

N OI

tJ

00

00

- 1000

0-1

oo

Q2

22

- HCoO

dl

B<

a
- ~00

)
I . Switch on ma in switch:
!=- ""!!

(~~~-~<'!JC.lll1CCr.,""ilCUf:O ~ a

y--

n~

The control l arr.p "current supply " and th e

lamp indicating the c.o de of oper ation
"ha nd operation" light up.

2. Press key IH2CT

The light j u.Tops from " hand- operation "
to Cl~C-operatiOJ\

]o

11

11

On digital read- out the light o f address "N" lights up and y ou can read
00 .

l )
3. Press key~
(= instruction t o regi s ter }:00)
The b l ock ntur.ber !100 is reg istered . At
the s ame time the light jumps to t he
Ord indication G . Th e compute r is waiting f or t h e input o f G .

II

000000

o0 ..""""."
0 :::G
~

...

e.-/M

E1

oql5

0003

0ITJITJj

4. Put in 00:

Ot3
00 appears on the digital read-out.

5. 7

~----------------------------------------------------------------P_r_o~g-ra~m~in~p~u~~-

,......,.
N

000000

~
0

5. Press key [iill1

GOO is r egistered . The light of the
indication jumps to x.

N G X Z F A

( )

000000

1000io

0003

00G8

'3

~ord

6. Put in l ooo- :
The value put in appears on the digital
read- out .. The minus s i gn "-" is put in
after the figures . It is sho~n on the di gi tal read- out as point. If there is no
minus - sign put in , then the val ue is auto:na tically "+".

7 . Press key

flNi1

X- l ooo is tegistered. The co::'tp uter "knO"..:s"

that the block NOO i s f inished. The l ight

jumps toN. On the digital read- out the
val ue Ol = NO ! appears .

( )

8 . Put in second block in the

sa ~e

~ay .

9. G22

= Program end

has to be put in.

lo. Press key !sTART l T"ne progran r .uns.

NCY-< you have ,;ritten your f i rst program, you have put it in and the !!!a c hine exe cutes it .

5.9

Take over of registered values

)
Take over of registered values from previous blocks

By pressing t he key (INPI the c.err.ory t akes

over the val ue o f the relative word cclunm G,X,Z,F which has b een registered
last.

Example 1
Block NOO i s

In block 1:01 the address letter G

lights up .

Exarnplu 1and2

Ol

1000

00 tOO
01 'oo
03

01
00

soo

Oft

01

2,{)0

S'oo

0
0

prograrr~~d.

Press key (INPI The val ue 00 lights up

shor tly a nd is registered i n block NOI.

100,

100

1oo' ~

zoo

Example 2
In block N02 we prograr..med FIOO. This is
the value for F wh i ch was put in last.
If you press fiiiP~ no" FIOO t<ill be taken
over into b l ock N04 .

u
Exan1ple 3

.{

00
01

00

-SOQ

00

02
03
Olt

8~
glj
gl(

-100
- 200
- 300

z
-

Jrog:'<:100
1000
1000
1000"'

-SOO

Example3
You have registered block t:03 . You s ee by
chance tha t the Z-val ue of block NO! is
wrong . You correct it irrc"ediate ly, e.g . t o
Z = - Soo and continue with put ting in
block N04 .
I f you press (INPI with the Z-value i nput
also will register t he va l ue which was put
in last, e.g. z = - Soo

5. 11

Operating elements

~-------------------------------------------------------------------

Operating Elements CNC-Operation

1. Option key: Hand operation CNC-operatlon (H/C - pos. 1.)

.1i!!!!!H:.

l!lli!iilll iiii""llll
i!I!::::!!H
COMPUTER NUMERICALLY CONTROLLED !Jjijjjjjl!i !iii iii
iill!i!!ifj;

'Willi I"

( )

By pressing the key IH/C( you cha nge f ro:n

hand operation to Ct<C-oper ation.
The mode in operation is indicated by
l a or.p (E> 0) (position 2) or c~ o )
(position 3) .
To put in a program you have to change
over to cue-operation . lifter that you
cannot ~~ve the slides by hand-operation
a nymore.

I )

5. 13

Operating elements

--------------------------------------------------~
(

The Figure Keys

Wi t h the f igure keys you ent er

-

G- functions (GOO, GOI, G21 etc.)

X- and Y-values

Feed sizes

Thread pitches

The values ~hich are entered appear on

the digital read-out (4).

( )

The Minus-Sign KeyE}(5)

D

x- or Z-values can have a minus or a

plus sign.
Plus sign input for X,Z:

t ''

Put in figures only .

Hinus sign input for X,Z:

After input of figures press EJ key
The minus sign -..ill appear as a point
on the digital read-out.
~~~..~~!!:.:.
X c -14oo
Input: (][j)!Ql[QJG

I )

5. 15

Operating elements

------------------------------------------~--~

The Word Display (6)

( )

()n@
.o_:El

!)
0

"""'""'

0 0 [!)13 I
0 0 GE!l C,!)
CQ000 !

El
El-8
El
11

G0EJB B

illljlh

:i"
u!l
'"!
:u
:::i

.!:!iiliil
'I
"'I I
j'll"""

... m!

ONTROLLEO '!fiiii!i!l'

m.

jj:!

"I

:,

iii! !!!

Th e lamp s for the . ;ord displa y light up

and inform you ~hich instr uction to
e n ter .

Ill"' "

''ltliii!!:
I!
....
1
iiHH! P

ll1L....;

N = block m1:1ber
G = path function

x, z values
F

)
(I

""'0 . :.E]
k
. ..

0 ..

ro-/M

N G X Z f

feed

I thread pi tch

000000

3
0

Ex ample :
Lamp X lights. The digital read-out
i s dark. Value X can be put in a nd
appears on t ho digital r ead- o u t .

5. 17

(4 )

Operating elements

ThehNPlkey {7) - Memory Key

l111Pl

I nstr uction to the comput er , t o

registe r the entered va l ue.

liNPl

Abbreviati on for Input

( )

( )

Lamp X ligh t s up.

Value 235o is ent ered . Digital readout ind ica ted value , but is only inforr.ation and not in the co~puter .

You press lu:PI

By pressing this key , figures are registered and dar ken on the digita l
read- out. At the saree t i c e the light
j uzps to the next let t er. The next
figures ca n b e put in.

5. 19

Operating elements

00000

~
0

"DEL" is the abbreviat ion of "delete",

means to cancel , to extin9uish .

~hich

You can delete the value of the let ter

(X, G, Z, F) whi ch is ind icated by push ing once "DEL'' ke; .

()

""-.

~ . rQ)_:B

II G X Z F A
0 00 00 0
.
1
- -

5201 0
---..

t"~/t::n

El

Exaoplo: You want to change value X from

52o to 25o .

( )
F A

00

~
0

1. Press JDELl l<ey, t he value 52o will disappear .

2. Put i n the ri9ht value (25o) .

( )
'

3. Press lwPI key, value X is reg i stered;

ligh t jumps to the next letter.

5.21

Operating elements

-----------------------------------------------,

TheiFWDikey (Forward Key)

Instruction: to jum p forward block-by-block
G

00000

9
0

I.

If G,x,z or F are on disp l ay,

then program wil l ju10p to next
block nu..T:ber , when you t o uch key

lruol
X

once.

2. If block nur.ber II is indicated:

you pr ess key IPDI once and

progr am will ju~p to next block
nw::.ber .

\)

3. If you keep key In;ol pressed

do~n , program wi ll jump block-byblock to prograt' end .

5.23

Operating elements

TheiREVIkey (Reverse Key)

Instruction: to jump back in program block-by-block

I. G, X,Z or F-value are i ndicated on

the ~igiJal read- out. If you press
key REV , t hen it wi l l jwnp back

to the block

nu~ber.

()
2. If

is indicated on
r ead- out , you press key
, then the program will j ump
to the previous block'
b lo~k nurr~er

~tal

G
~

3. If block nu1rber is indicated on

display read-out and you carry
on to press key IREVI (or keep it
pressed dmm ) , t hen it .< ill j ur.-.p
back block-by- block to nurrJ)er 00.

5.25

--

Operating elements

The 8 Key
Instruction: to jump forward within one block

"""

~~~,;B
..-~/rVI

( )

0 0000 0

EJ 0008 I
000~ 1\13
B .P. B CiJ00 l !
EJ G0EJB 1~..1
By pressinq the key 1-1 the
proqram will jump to the next
word. Tne entered va lue of the
next word ..:ill appear on the diqital read- out .

5.27

Double keys

Hold with every Word during

Program Operation:IINPI + IFWDJ

Program hold = liNPl + lF>'IDl

The slides stop. Tne computer kn~hs the
actual position of the slides.
To cont inue program operation
key lSTARTl

~rogram

( )

= press

hold?

You can

- +-- -+-- . - --. _ _,__

take measurements,

change posi tion of tool bi t ,

correct program.

1. Taking measures, changing position

of tool bit without changing the program

&

!:~:!'!'~!~ ~
You want to check , whether diame ter i n
block tio2 is correct (possible reasons for
mistake: tool bit posi tion was incorrectly
set at program start) .

Measuring

( )

1. Press lwPI + ln ml
2. Switch off main spindle
3. Take measurements
z

00

Oo

- 500

o-t

00

- ~00

Ol
O:{

K~

-100

- 1100

go

g~

i~

- 1 1M
- 1100

8o

Oil

-200
-300

OS

go

correction
Your rr-easurerr~nt t e lls you that the dia.
is by o , l o m.<n too J.arge .

1. Switch on main spindle

2 . PresslH/C~
Feed in tool bit by o,oS

Ir<D'.

Program continuation
I. Change over to CNC- cperation
2 . Press lSTARTlkey.

( )
'

5.29

Double keys

-.-

2. Correction of program with!INPI + (FWDI

Press liNPl and lFiiDJ.

Cor recti on o f program within i nterrupted b l ock :
G,X,Z , F va l ues can b e changed.

( )

The correc tions on G, X,Z are only

e ffec tive in the next run of t he program.

Tne F- correc tion i s already effective

in the actual run of the b l ock .

cJ200

00
01
01
03

~
~~

- too

-~'

~- r-- 100

04
Exar.,ple :
You hold in b lock r:o3 with JwPI +lnm~
Tool bi t position as i ndicated.

1---

()

100 -

-+I

You change the z- value from 1000 to

1100. Tnis correction wi l l not be
effective in the actual run of the
block , but with the next r un of the
program.

- -1--

-- - -

- -1--

You change the F-value from F8o to

Floo . Tn is correction is ef fective
s till i n the actual run of the b l ock .

Corrections of program for next b lr.cks

Corrections o f program for the follc~ing
block will becor.e e ffec tive still within
the actual program run.

5. 31

~-----------------------------------------------------------0--oublekeys
Program HoldUNPI + IREVI

Press keys [Tilli + IREvl. The block nwro.ber

jumps back to tWO. The corputer " forgets "
the position of the t ool bi~.

Attention:
If you pr ess ISTARTI after IINPI +I REV~ the
program sta rts wi t h block NOO. The tool
bit is s til l in t he posi tion as it was ,
when liN PI+ IREv! was pressed.
NOO ' / NOl' /N02 ' would be the traver se o f
the t ool bi t i f you pressed iSTAR~.

NO
N OO

1-!eas urements:

~ou have to bring the tool bit before

START in a posi t ion of a b lock star t.

Exa<tple:
- Position the t ool bit i n posi tion of
cyc le star t G04. G04 is block nwrber r:o2
( the pos it ioning is done in "hand-opera tion") .

<.. )

- To uch key JFWol until block munber No2

appears .

- Press keyJSTART~ Tne progr~~ s tarts with

1{02 .

5. 33

Double keys

Delete a registered Program

Possibility 1
Switch off main switch.
(

Possibility 2

Press emergency stop.

G X Z

00000

O'D'j

Possibility 3
If you see a block number indicated on
digital read-out (1\00, NOl , N02 ... ) you
have to:
Delete:
First press key (DELl then (INP(
remains pressed dawn).

(DEL

Tne regis tered program is dele ted .

The digital read- out shas NOO .

5.35

I
, )

6. Alarm Signs

'.

\)

Causes - Measures

Page 6. 1/Aiarm signs

Alarm Signs

()
N

G X

oooooe

Jl
.,

' 04 1~

k~en you put in dat a to

which the cor-puter does not
will indicate alaro.

000~~

Lattp o will light up and a nwrber

will appear on the digi t al read- out.
This number encodes the type of
alarm.

000~ !lt3

Putln alarm signs (summary)

AOO - Undefined dimensions

A07 - Undefined angle

progra~ed

Ex~p le for wrong input: If you

put in G25 , lamp A wi ll light up
and digital read-out wil l i ndicate 00 .
11.01 - Undafined radius prog r~ed

prograrr~d

The follzyNin9 ratios for angles ca

be put i n: ratio ' x:Z (1 -39): (1 -39).
For f ur t her explanations p l ease see
"Taper turnin9 !

( )

'

11

....

The follow ing rad ii can be prograu~ed:So, loo, !So , 2oo, 25o
... 19So. Example for wrong input: X 121o: Lamp A will light
up, digital read- out wi l l indi-
cate 01.

ALARM SIGNS - TAPE OPERATI ON

11.02 - X-value too big

~lax. value for X:

AOS - End of tape when tape operation

~

1999

(1.999")
11.03 - False F-value

( )

11.09 - Program not found

prograrr~ed

A1o - Wr iting protection active

Possible input: 1- 199 (.1-19,9"

per minute,

All - Load i ng mistake

(LOAD)

11.12 - Checking mistake (CHECK)

A04 - z-value too bi g

Hax. value f or Z: 19999
(19.999")
AOS - llo p r ogram end programmed
If you f orget to put in G22 a t the
program end and you press the START
l<ey, the alarm lamp will light.

A06 -

of ma in spindle too
fast wh'e n threading

Revolut~on

ALARH SIGNS - FOR

CHINE ONLY

~IE'TRIC/INCH

VERSION

~!A

11.13 - Changeover inch/metric with full

program register

This alarm will not be during the

input of the program but only during the operati on G33 or G78 it'
self .

11.14- Wrong dimensions for program. loade!

6. 1

("
~

Alarm signs

Alarm Signs

)
I" G

000000

o41 ~

~~en y6u put in data to

which the cor-putor does not
~will indicate alarm.

E1001 ]
El001 fll3

Lamp ~ wiH ligh t up and a number

will appear o";, the digi t.a l read-out.
;o'J'his nurber encodes the type of
ala ro,

'

Put In alarm signs (summary)

- Unde fi ned dicensions programmed ~

A07 - Undefined angle

:>

The follaNing ratios for angles can

be put in: ratio X: Z (1-39): (1 -39 ).
For further explana tions please see
"Taper tur ninqnl

The fo ll~"in g radii can be programmed: So,1oo,l5o, 2oo ... 59oo.

Example for wrong input: x 121o:
Lamp A will light up, digita l
read-out wi 11 indicate 01.
A02 - X- value too b ig

) A03 -

progra~~d

&xar:ple for wr ong input : If you

put in G25 , l amp A '"ill ligh t up
and digita l read- out will indicate 00.
/
AOI - Undefined r adius prograr.med

'

it

,.,

AOO

kn~h ,

ALAR!-! SIGNS - TAPE OPERATION

; A09- End of tape when t ape operation

~

Maximum value for X: !5999

(59, 99 rr.tn)

A09 - Program not f ound

False F-valuo prograr..med

1\lo - Writing protection active

Possible input: 1- 499 mm/ ci n.

All - Loading mistake

A04 - z- value too big

'

.(;/

(LOAD)

1\12 - Checking mistake (CH ECK)

Haximuro value for z: :!:39999

(399' 99 mJ:>)
AOS - llo program end prograrr.med
If you forget to put in G22 at the
program end and you p r ess the START
key , the alarm l amp wil l light.
AOG - Ravolutl.on of ma in s pind l e too
fast when threading

ALl\RH SIGNS - FOR HE'l'RIC/INCH VERSION HACfiiNE ONLY

1\13 - Changeover inch/~etric with full

program register

This alarm will not be during the

input of the program bu t only du r ing the operation G3 3 or G78 itself.

1\14 - Wrong

6. 1

di~ensions

for program l oaded

'I

What happens when wrong

data Is put In - Alarm sign
/

//

We put in aX-va lue 8o2,4o; i .e. for the

cross slide a traverse path of Bo2,4o ~~.

'

I. The secretary (in terface element) reports :

~'They

want X = 9o2,4ol"

2. The director (central processing unit ,

microprocessor) asks his specialists:
"Can \\~e execute X = So2, 4o?"

3. The specialists (operating program)

ans\\er:
"No, z.tister Director!"

4. The director instructs his speaker

(output element):
"Te ll them out there , we cannot do
that! ..

'

6.2

---

Data Input

What happens when wrong Data Is put in?

Oala on dlgilal readoul

Oala Input

lnlerlace elemenl
(Secrelaty)

Cenlral processing
unil Microprocessor
(Director)

Operaling p rogram
EPROM
(specialists)

6.3

Oulput elemenl
(Press.
Speaker)

Alarm signs

---------------------------------------)

Measures for alarm signs

rne alarm signs AOO/A01/A02/A03/ A04/ A07

will appear as soon as you put in an undefined value (put in = press l!!iJ key).

Example: Put in the

I )

f)

""'.

~@::B
w

...

r~k:.n

r-1

00

00

foll~<ing

program:
F

8000

N G X Z F A

000000

:!)

03~1

~
EJ ,..., 0003
000~
f)l3

..L

N G X Z F A
0 00000

The value X Sooo is too big4 As ;oon as

you put in 8ooo and press the liNPI :<ey ,
the alarm sign will appe ar. On the digi tal read- out the type of alarr:l, in this
case A03 = X-value too big , will be indicated .

:!)
0
~~easut:es:

1. Press liNPI + [R?VJ at the sar..e time. Tne

(\ )

alarm sign disappears and the entered

x- value appe ars.
II

(l

""' '

. IQ)~.B
. .., I
,..- ! r::r.

0 0 0 0 0 0

~)

0008 El
El
,......., , ,..., 00G~
(il 3

2 . Press lDELI a11d the x - value 8ooo .-~ill be

cancelled.

3 . Put in correct X- value (e.g. X-8oo),

press jlllPU n~< the correc t X- value is
registered, the word indicati on j umps
to the next le tter .

6. 5

Alarm signs

~--------------------------------------------------)

Main spindle speed too high for threading

The a l aro s ign A06 docs not appear during the program input (or when pressing the START key), but during the program ope r a ti on i t self .
Before a block G33 or G78 is started,
the corrputer checks the mai n spi ndle
speed. If it is too high , the alarm A06
appears . The p rogram is interrupted.

P.easur es:
I .

Uy~er spindle speed (either change

pulley position or use potentiometer) .

2 . Press !INPI +!REV~

The a l arm sign will disappear . The
program operation can continue .
(

6. 9

I
'

( 'I

7. Magnetic Tape Operation

, ..

. )

. )

Modes of operation: SAVE, CHECK

Mode of operation: LOAD
Summary
Alarm signs
Alarm AOS
AlarmA09
Alarm A 10/A 11
Alarm A 12
Mode of operation:ERASE
Program interruption
Putting in the tape

7. 1 . 7. 5

7. 7
7.9
7.11
7. 13
7. 15
7. 17
7. 19 7. 21
7.23
7.23
7.25

Magnetic tape operation

Magnetic Tape Operation

)

The tape enables you to store p rograms

and t o f eed them into the computer oemory.

<

1. Storing on tape
To t ransmit f ro~ co~pu ter mecory to
tape : l~e call t his mode o f operation
SAVE or CHECK.

2. From tape Into computer

10 transmit the program from tape in-

to the computer meu~ry : we cal l this

r.ode of operation LOAD .

Some data
- 1-:eU>Or y cap{lci t y per tape side: approx.
4oo blocks .

- Operation tlce per t ape side : approx.

9 o sec .

Operation advice
3. Main drive motor must not r un during
1. use on ly digi ta l cassettes
LOAD , CHECK, SAVE and ERASE operation.
2. Erase new cassettes completely (see
4 . Do not put do"n t ape near ma in motor .
page 7 . 23 ). The t est impulse from
the fi nal control of the producer can
cause Alarm All or Al2.

7. 1

Modes of operation SAVE/CHECK

----------------------------------------------------------Magnetic Tape Operation

Transmission of a program from machine memory to magnetic tape
Mode of operati on
SAVE = t ransmit from machine memory to magnetic tape
CHECK control of t ra nsmitted (loaded) program

I . Press key r:;) until word i ndication G lights up . Press key IDELl

The i ndicated va l,ue d i sappea rs fro:n the dig ita l read-out.

2. Put in G65.
Press keys @(ID[!iliil. On t he read-ou t you see C i ndicated. lc I I I I I
magneti c cassette tape operation .

3. Press key fF?l

On the read-out appea rs

lc I

IP I

4, Put in program nurber.

You can put i n figures ooo - o99

oo- o9
0

999

The sequence of t he figures can be chosen as you like. Example for

inpu t of a program with nWl'.ber 76: Press keys [2JI&J,

l )
5 . Press key~
Tne t ransmission I loading starts.
5 .1. First free space on the tape i s sought.
If there are not data on the tape, it will advance approx . 4 seconds and rm<ind approx. 2 seconds .
4 sec. advance

Band 1<1 thout data on:

2 sec. rewind

c:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::~::::::~~~dTape begin
Tape e nd
Transmission SAVE

7.3

-~

Modes of operation SAVE/CHECK

I f there are already dat a/programs loaded on the tape , then t he tape
will advance to the end of the program which was l oaded las t . Then
advance 4 seconds and rewind 2 seconds.
Tape with proorar.s already loaded:
4 sec. advance

Transmission SAVE

5.2. Transmission operation SAVE

The digital read- out i ndi cat es le i lsi AI I I
SA is the abbreviation for SAVE.
The program/ data are "saved" f rom the machi ne memory - .,.,here t hey
could be de l eted - onto the tape .
5. 3. At t he end o f the transmission ope r ation the tape rewinds t o the
tape start.
5.4. Control opera t ion CHECK

( )

The digita l read- out indicates

lei lc iHIII
The data in t he mach ine meroory are compared with the data l oaded on
the tape .
If you have already programs loaded on the tape, then the digita l
read-out will indicate these on the read- out whi l s t t he t ape advances . It wil l advance t o the progr am loaded last and t he n the
"CHECK" wi ll be carr i ed out.

CHECK o f loaded program

6 . After CHECK t he t ape rewinds . Tne pr ogr am is loaded on the tape.

Pl ease never take ou t tape duri ng operat i on!

7.5

Mode of operation LOAD

Transmission of program from tape to machine memory

Mode of operation LOAD

I. Press key 1-. J unti l word indication G lights up. If a f i gure of the
G-function appears , press key DEL . Then indication on read-out
disappears.

2. Put in G65 .
Press keys [J~I INP). Read- out indicates lei I I I I
3 . Press key INP.
Read- out indicates lei IPI

J.

4 . Put in number of program .

E. g . for program nur.ber 76 you press keys

IIJ

lei IP) 7)6J

On r ead- out:

5 . Press key [NPl.

5 . I . The program number !21[] is loo:<ed for .

If you have other programs on the tape already, then these nwr.bers
appe ar on the digital r ead-out.

or
5 . 2. Loading :
)

"n en the wanted p rogram 76 i s found, the l oading operation star t s .

On t he digi tal read- out you see le i IL JOI
LO is the abbreviation for "load".

5 . 3 . Aft er the loading is done, the t ape rewinds. The r ead- out
Program nurr.ber 76 is stored in the machine computer.
6 . If

you

sh~~s

NOO.

press keyi START j then the program star ts operating.

Program 76 @ Program 75

@ Program 74 E) Tape begi n

~

le I IPI7J41

le I jLJoJ

7. 7

Summary

From machine to tape

From tape to machine

SAVE , CHECK

I. Put in G 65

(
2. Press (wPI

I.

Put in G65

,...
w.-.-_...,..filiJ
.,.s- . .

I I (6lsl
2 . Press (wPI

lc I I I I I
3 . Press (f"1Dl

4. Put in prograo nurrner

4. Put in prograo nurrber

5 . Press II NPI
Program is sought and will be
l oaded in machi ne.

lc I IPII I
le i IP I. I-1

..,1'

,...1.

lei I I I I

3 . Press (INPI

1.-c,...l....I....,
P 1.-.

5. Press

lllili

- Free space on t ape is sought .

- Hachine program is trans~nitted/
loaded on t ape (SAVE )

lc I IL iol I

ITII0l
- Loaded program on tape is checked/
co::>pared with machi ne progran.

@J
6. If program is loaded in maCh i ne , then read-out i ndicates:

6 . I f operation is through , then indication on read-out:

.II
N

ll

lci HI I

00

~~-.-..,-..,

lolo I

. Program can be started.

7.9

Alarm sign

Alarm Signs - Tape Operation

(Summary)

AOB - Tape end reached duri ng l o ading of

program from machi ne memor y t o
tap e (only with mode o f operation
SAVE)
A09 - Selected program cannot be found
(mode of operation LOAD) . Tape is
fu ll . G22 is not put in in select,e d
pr ogr am (code of operat ion LOAD) .
\

Al o -Wri ting protect i on active

All - Loading mistake
Al 2 - Checking mistake

General
swi tching off mach ine (also ~hen current b r eaks d~~n) an interference pulse
is put onto the tape . Tnis i nterference
pu l se does not have any effec t since the
loading start only after 2 seconds of
tape advance.

h~en

ThUS :

Tape has to be rm<ind (auto;ratically). llever t ake tape out during re.dnd operation.

------------------------~----~--~
~~~ Tape
.....___._..........,_...._
/
'-......
Fi rst program starts
after 2 seconds.

7. 11

begi n

Empty space, interference pulses ineffective.

Alarm sign A08

Alarm sign A08:

Only when using mode of operation "SAVE " !

Reason

Measures

Tape fin ish during loading (SAVE) f rom

machine me~ory to tape.
(AOB only when using code SAVEl
Alaro s i gn AOB appears on digital readout.

- Press [1"NPJ and fREVl

Tape rewinds to tape begin .
Digital read-out indicates NOO.
- Put i n new t ape and repeat loading
operati on.

I Tape

.,.

'

Attention:
If you put in th is tape and want to load
t he ne xt f ini shed program (transmit from
tape to machi ne memory) A09 appears " No
program end found!

7. 13

begin

Alarm sign A09

( )

Alarm sign A09:

Only when using mode of operation "LOAD"!

A09 - Reason 1

Measures

Selected program not found.

If you call a non-existing program number when " loading" (fron tape to machine
merr~ry ), then alarm A09 appears.

- Press JINPJ + JREvl

The tape rewinds . The digital read- out
indicates after that !:00.
- Look for program on another tape (in
case you are sure you put it in) .

Example: You look on this tape for program no. 5

24

17

22

A09 - Reason 2

( )

Pr .N rl6

Measures

Se l ec t ed progran not fu lly on tape (G22),

since tape as f inished when loading
fro~ c ach ine memory to tape (already in
mode o f operation SAVE you had alarm AOB).

- PressJINPJ+JREVJ
Tape re.<inds, read-out indicates NOO.
- Look for program on other tape (in case
you are sure that you put it in)

Example: You call on program no.19

Program 19 does not have G22, thus alarm
A08 was indicated already during mode of
operation SAVE. <~======1

.-------+-------.-------.---------,
19
18
17
16

7.15

Alarm sign A 10 Alarm sign A 11

A10 - Writing protection active:

Only when using mode of operation " SAVE" and " ERASE"I

o- s

(o l l o)

I f you r e move the writing pro tection

(i. e . the black caps) you cannot put
a ny mor e dat a on this tape s i de .

::easures:

I f you put in such a tape s i de and

you want to t ransoit a pr ogram fron
the mach ine c.erno1~ t o the t ape , alarm
sign Alo appears.

Pres s )wpj + (REV)

Tape rewinds , put in o ther tape or
wr iting protecti o n aga in.

rr~unt

A 11 - Load mistake:
Only when using mode of operation "LOAD"I

A11 - Reason 1

A11 - Reason 2

Hotor is s ,;i t ched on or is b ei ng

switched on duri~g l oading (tape - machine).
The prograr.> on the tape ..as not destroyed by swi tchi ng o n t he ootor .

Tne program on the tape is destroyed . The

reasons for it cou ld be a reechani cal
fault on the tape , a p~er failure - or
t he machi ne was switched o ff when t ape
was not r ewound .

Measures

Measures

- Switch off rr~ tor

- Pres s )IIIPI + )ru;v)
The tape re><inds , the read- out ind i cat es NOO.
- Repeat l oadi ng oper ation .
- I f you h ave Al l i ndica t ed a lso with
the folla,;ing loading operati on,
pl ease see reason 2 .

Transmi t program to new t ape.

Summary measures
ALARH All

Repeat loading

:~ a la rm

()

All

Alarm All

Reason was i nte rference ,;he n

load ing

Re ason was mi s take on tape

7. 17

Alarm sign A 12

---------------------------------------------------)

A12- Check mistake:

Only when using mode of operation "CHECK/SAVE"!

Pos sible r easons :

- Tape fau lty
I ntel ere11ce pulse: reaill motor s~o.i tched
on , short pzyher fai l ure , interference
pulse from electrical conductor (li ghtning , switching on o f soldering t rans f oru.er ... J
The interference pul ses can happen both
when using mode of operations SAVE or
CHECK .

( )

Alarm sign A12 in mode of operation "SAVE" - Remedy

Store program under another

(_)

nurr~er.

Explanation :

Heasure:

You cannot dele t e the fa lse program j ust

by its aNn. Tnus you have t o give to
this program a new number, i f you store
in on the sa~~ tape . If you wou ld use
the same program n~~~er , then alarm All
would appear when loading (tape - machine ) since only the f i rst one o f two
identical program nurrbers can be called
on.

- Put iniiNPl + I Rv~ tape rewinds , readout ShO'NS NOO.

- Put in same program under a new number.
If a l arm A12 appears again, then tape
is defective.

Interference during SAVE

18

17

Same program has to be put in under

new prog ram number .
17

l'
7. 19

Alarm sign A 12

Alarm sign A12 in mode of op eration "CHECK"

During CHOCK operation there may occur

an interference impulse and a l arm sign
Al2 will be indicated, without a defective tape bei ng the reason .
Check:

- Press liNPl + lru::v~

( )

Tape rewinds to begin, on read - out NOO .

- LOad tape i nto machine merr-ory . If
there is no alarm All when loading,
then the program is o.k.
- During loading All is indicated: the
foll~ ing is necessary - New tape , delete complete tape or put in program
anew under another nuuber.

l:easures - Sum..l'l)a ry

Repeat loading

/~

( )

No alarm All:

Alarm All:

Tape o. l<.

Tape defective
- Ne>~ tape
- Delete tape
- Put in program under another
ntlll\ber .

7.21

Mode of operation "ERASE"

Mode of operation"ERASE" (Erasing the tape)

1-1until word indication
G lights up. If y ou see a figure o f
a G- func tio n indicated on the digital read- out, then press~

I. Ptess :<ey

2. Put in G6S

Press 65 1NP,on the display you s~e

seeRT] I I I

( )

3. PressEl+ loEQ at the sarr.e t i n:e ,

on the display you see lc I IE IrF I
The tape is erased .
After that the read-out shO'-<s r:oo

Program Interruption during Tape Operation

Only ~<hen using oc<'!e of op eration LOIID,

CHECK, ERASE.
Program i n terrup tion
Press IINPJ '+ lREV~
Tape rewinds to tape begi n .

Why program interruption?

~~~~-~~~~2 -~~~ -~!-~~~~~~!~~-~~;
I f you find out that you called a nonexisting program. If you press lr NPl +
IREVJ the tape will not advance to the
tape end but rewind i ocmediately.

~~~-~~!~2-~~~ -~~ -~e~:~~ ~~~-~~~~~~

If you do not want to wait for CHECK
operation.

~~~-~~~~2-~~~~-~~-~e~:~~!~~-~~~~;
It is enough t h at you erase about to
seconds. W"nen loading anew the tape
machine will e r ase automatically all
other remaining data.

7.23

_I

Pulling In the tape

------When putting In the Tape, pay Attention:

1. Putting In with left spool full

..... - ....

- I f you sw i tch off the machine, the

tape advances I second .

(co
fll
o)
__
'
.......

l sec

;"J

- If you switch on t he machine , the motor re.dnds the tape 2 seconds. So 1 t

is made certain that the tape is at
the very begin ing.

2. Putting in with right spool full

..... - .....
/

"

(o I (;! __o))
' .......

..... /

- I f you put i n the tape and program

C65, then the tape

gining .

re~inds

to the bq-

- If you put in the tape and not program

C65 , and switch on and off the machi ne ,
the follzying happens:

E=============:~

rne tape rewinds 2 seconds.

Switch off :
The tape advances

second.

4t=:::=======::===:JI

I f you carry on like this , the tape

moves further through the switching on
and off and you got an inter ference
pulse on the tape . A stored prog r.lm
will be r egistered.

7.25

_I
!

8. Tools
'

' ' ,

Position of toolholder
Turning tools
Pre-adjustment of tools
.
Radius compensation (the equidistant)

8.1. 8.3 .
8.5. 8.15
8.17 . 8.21
8.238.31

toolholder
-Poslllon of-"=;..;.;..==""'
~

tools

With industr ial CNC - machi nes the tools

can also be prog ramr.ed and thi s under
address T (T = abbr eviat ion f or t ool) .
Tne change of tools is done automatically.

The p r09ratur.e r must l<no;.; the variou s tools,

the ir applicati on and also the i r actual
pos ition to each othor, when wr iting a
pr09ram.

'

The t ools are being p ositioned by means

of a t ool pre-se tting gauge, the edges are
d rawn on a tool sheet . From this t ool sheet
the prograrr~ r can see the position of the
edges in X- ar.d Z-di rection . Further core,
technol09ical data , such as recorr~e nded
cutting speeds, f eeds etc.

On the Compac t 5 cr:c we do not have an

auto~at ic t ool change . We position the
t ools wi th a pre-se t ting gauge directly on
the mach ine. With this gauge ~<o deteroine
the position of the various t ool bi ts to
each o the r .

1-lhe n wl'iti ng a pr09ram in which ,;e ant to

use various tool bits , ~<e have to ta~e into account thes e positions . Put in t he
t ools in your p rogr amming s heet under col u::>n remar i<s .
Pay at te ntion : program hold (G20) b e fore
t ool change I

--------------------------------------------~~
8. 1

Position of toolholder

Positions of Toolholder
rne tcolholder can be clauped in front
pos ition and in bac~ position.

Front position
~~tside dia ~e ter

Interior diameter

~oto9o m::~

14 to loo

IUD

Back position
Outside
~ 2o to

Interior diaceter
~ 13o Ln

dia~c ter

~ I

2o

So t o

IT.'II

Please clarr.p the t oolholder in "the front

position for our prograrrming exercises.

8. 3

Tool bits

The Right Hand Side Tool (T01)

)

Dimensions - Applications
2
The exercises ~~e it possible to use
the right hand side tool for a l l prograrr.ming .<ork , part I,.
Fu rther tools are explai ned in part 2
of the prog ramr.ing exercise s .

Shape turnillg:

~-~:;~-~~~-~~-~~gger ~an
there ..:i 11 be
angle.

insuffi c~ent

3o0 , ~therwise
cl<!<H ance

- -- - -.Exa.:ples of application :
Clea ra nce anQle

I.

= 930

Longitudinal turning , facing and

---~~2!~-~~~~~~2;

up to

_________________ _

= max . 0 o0

The depth of cut " a " with facing must

not be bigger than o, 3 m:n , otherwise
t he chip fl~"' is bad.

- ---

-, --.--- - -

- - .- a
Depth of cut at the
er:d of the ~ th part
of circumference
max . o , 3 I:.m

Depth of c ut at the
!> tart of the 4th part
of circumference
rr.ax. o , 3 ITJTJ .

OPERATI NG Him'

,.__ ::J
<.

I f you set the toolholder in another angle

position, M a l oo0 , you can take bigge r
c uts when facing .
- - --r

OPER-\TI!IG H!ln' 2

~:eve with the transparent scale dra;;ing

of the tool bi t along the shape of the
drawing. You wi ll i~~ediately see if the
depth of cut is too big.

8.5

Tool bits

The Left Hand Side Tool (T02)

Dimensions - Applications
2. Shape turni ng

6"

Clearance angl e

mus t b e at least 2 0,

= 930

t )
3. Radii

I. Longitudina l turning , facing, t aper

t urning:
The depth of cut wi t h ~ 93 ,:hen
facing oust not be higher than o , 3 ~~ .
since the edge would not cut anymore.

-- -~,- --

OPERATING HINT
\

If you set the tool in another ang l e position, ~ = !co0 , you can ta'<e bigger
cuts when facing.

OPERATHIG HINT 2

!love with the transparent scale drawing

of the t ool bit along the shape of the
draw i ng. You will ir.~ediately see i f the
depth of cut is too big.

8. 7

Tool bits

The Neutral Tool (T03)

Dimensions - Applications

)
The max. depth of cut (a) when turning
outwards mus t not be bigger than o , 3 ~
with a turning angle of Go0

2. Turning of partial radii

Examples of app lication with ~ = 9o

I.

Longitudinal and angle turn ing

The tangent of the arc must not be highe r

tltaJt Go .
)

1-lax . angle Go0

Cleatance angle of 2, 5

8.9

Page 1.7/8.5-8 . 1s1Tooling of COMPACT 5CNC

)
On the pages 8.5 to 8.15 ~e tric sizes
are shown . Calculate inch sizes yourself.

o , 3 mm

.ol2" (approximation)

Parting-off Tool HSS (TOG)

- --

()

~ --r-r-r

HSS

Width of tool: .14o"

Internal Threading Tool, right hand (T01')

From minor thread dia . . 55o"

I ndexable tips:
For threads 16-48 tpi. and
o , 5-1 ,5 mm pitch
Clearance angle: 6o0

I
Page 1.7/8.5-8 .15

Page 1. 7/9. s-a . 15 /

Tooling of COMPACT 5CNC

External Threading Tool, right hand (T04)

()
For external threads, right hand
lndexable tip:
For t hreads: 16-49 tpi. and
o,S - 1, 5
Cl earance angle: Goo

Plunge Cutting Tool (T05)

()

~.

l~idth

~!ax.

of tips :,047
depth of cut:.06"

.--

____,

1---

'--- '-

~). Q
il

II
II

.-..-,

I I

"

0
Page 1. 7/ 9.5-9 .1 5

Tool bits

External Threading Tool, right hand (T04)

-11\\!1For ext ernal threads, riqht hand

(

!~~~~~!~-~~e:!.:.
For pitches from o , S - l , S roo
0
Clearance anqle Go

Plunge Cutting Tool (TOS)

-i-+-1,2

.I

-Ill

Width of tips : I, 2 r:.m

Nax. depth of c ut : 1, 5 m:n

fr
I I
I I
I I

Ll

'

8. 11

Tool bits

Parting-off Tool HSS (T06)

-

--

r-

-r--r..-

HSS

1ndth of knife : 3 , 5 r.ro

Internal Threading Tool , right hand (T07)

From oi nor thread dia. 14 roo on.
!!!~~?5~ !~- ~!ll!!~

ror pi t ches from o , 5 - 1, 5 mm

Clearance angle 6o0 .

( )

8. 13

Tool bits

---------------------------------------------Inside Turning Tool (TOS)

( )

From dia. 14

~m

on .

Dimens ions :
l:a x. clearance angle when t urn i ng inl<ards: 9o0
~h e max. depth of cut is only o,3 mm

~!a x . clearance angle when tur ning ou t wards : 3o0

8. 15

Presetting of tools

Presetting of tools
)
~------- 40 ------~

- ----30- - ---1

For the manufacture of most workpieccs

a few tools are necessary. E.g . right
hand side t ool, threading tool, partingoff tool.

.-.r+-2 x4 so

..-II)

)(

:;

setting up the p r ogr am you have t o

the positi ons of the various tool s
to each other in X- and z-direction .

~nen

kno~

2 . rnreading tool

1 Right hand side tool

- ,---

If-fF ~

3 . Parting-off tool

- I- 1 - -

.- --,~

- - - 1-

-- 1-

--

-- 1-

,,
0

- '--

~--u

""u

Procedure
1

I . Posi tion all tool bits in the toolholder a t center height.

2 . }!ount setting gauge in 3-jaw chuck .

Pay attention that the p lane s ur face

of the set t ing 'gauge (I) t ouches the
jaws of the chuck .

3 . Posi tion of t oolholder body:

- Loosen clampi ng screw of t ool holder
body.
- Put te~plate hori2ontally onto sett i ng ga~ge , points 2 and 3 must touch
setting gauge .
3

- }!ove longitud ina l and cross s lidc by

hand . until t oo lhol der body i s near
points 4 and 5.
- Press toolholder body by hand against
the template and clamp it.

t1

G X Z F A

II

G X Z

4 . Set X- and z~value on digital readout at zero.

000000

000000

ol

ol
8.17

Presettin g of tools

----------------------------------------~
Positioning of turning tools

(
I

1. Right hand side tool T01

1. Right hand side tool T01
X= Omm
Z=Omm
Loosen clamping sere~ for turning tool
and move it b ackwards in toolholde r .
Clamp toolholder ont o t oolholder body .
-

Hove right hand side tool into groove

and position it such tha t t he c arbide
tip aligns wi th s urface I.
Cl atp right hand s i de tool in t hi s posit ion and remove toolhol dar .

Attention:
Pr ess tool only sli ghtly and t hen position.

In t he same way as the right hand side

tool all other tools are to be preset.
h1ten se tti ng t he right ha nd, l eft ha nd or
neutra l s i de tool , t he position of the
t oolholde r body r emains the same. For all
other tools the position of the slides must
be changed .
Starting point for t he measures is the
position which you fi xed with t he te~tplate.

t}t

2. Traverse of left hand side tool (T02)

~

8.18

.3. Traverse of neutral side tool (T03)

X ; 0 r:m
Z; 0 mm

X;On.m
z ; Q run

Presetting o f tool s

5. Traverse of plunge culting tool (TOS)

4. Traverse of threading tool for external threads (T04)

X

=0
=

om

21 , 00

X = 0 mo

ml~

t 27,00

l!lm

7. Traverse of internal threading

tool (T07)
X - - 22,5 uo
Z = + 58,0 mm

6. Traverse of parting-off tool (TOG)

X = 0 mm

Z = + 16, 00 mm

~ ~.--.-

'&-?'".J
r-'
L

8. Traverse o f Inside turning tool (T08)

X = - 22 , 5 om

z =+

52 , 0

00

8.19

lrl

Presetting of tools
Positioning of cutting edges of tools
to each other, if slide position
remains unchanged
The values mus t be considered when
p~oqraL~ing. Reference point is the
position o f the righ t hand side tool.

Neutral Side Tool

L = Omm
Q
+ 7,00 mm

Left Hand Side Tool

L = Omm
Q = + 14,00 mm

Partlng.off Tool
L=Omm
a= Omm

Outside Threading Tool

L=Omm
Q = + 2,00 mm

'

Pluning Culling Tool

L = -10,00mm
a = Omm

Inside Turning Tool

L = + 10,00mm
a = - 20,00 mm

Inside Threading Tool

L = + 10.00 min
Q = - 20,00 mm

8.20

Presetting of tool s

.-

Example

Turning of an annular tee-slot and

pa rting- off

r-l--r11
1

I
I

I
I

~. ~ --!-
,I -e.

1J II

1 I

,1

===nc-----!!~~-~~!-~~!~~!-~29-~~
I . Right hand

- --

--

I
I
_.)- -

-- 1- -e.~

1\t the end of block 1113 the right hand

side tool is a t the indicated position.

20

10-

JS

-loo

- l.foo

0
2,00

- Uoo

100
100

1oo

soo

20

2 . Left hand s !~~ -~~!~ -------------Traverse of po sition Q

(16)

1---

. 1--- -

1-

+ 14,00 mm,
This measure must be taken into account
when you progr am the foll~~ing blocks .

-Goo

6oo

0
100

~a

100
1.Qo

-s-oo

0
-200

soo

zoo

100 100

!:-;;;-

- -

~~ - ~~~~!~2:~~~ -~~!.!~!~~~-~~~-~~-~ ~~~

The position o f the parting-off tool 's
edge is the s=:e as that of the right
hand side tool . The distance between
left hand side t ool to the parting-off
t ool: Q = - 14 ,00

=
-

Qo

:.jQ~Q

-- 1~S'O

--

----

--

3.0

'

1600
Attention:
Never change tools when main spindle is
running! Danger!

8.21

43S'O

--

Inch ganga/Presetting of tools

_,..

Presetting of tools (Inch gange)

)
40

,..., -r-

I
I

I
I
J

~RS

;--

' J N

' -o.

'2 x

A'

I
I

I-
--i-<'4 --1I

30

---

- -- ~

.{, _ j -rLI
I
I

3,5

J.

><

::;:

__j_
-

hl1en se tting up the program you have t o

kna~ the pos itions of the various tool s
to each other in X- and Z-direction .

10 >-- 15 -

I. Right hand side tool

(

1-

For t he ma nufacture of cost workpieces

a few tools are necessary . E.g. right
hand side too l, threadiltg tool , partingoff tooL

2. Threading tool

3. Parting-off tool

Procedure
Note:The inch gauge has a turned ring at
the face side of the gauge.

I. Position all tool bits in the toolhol-

'2

der at center hci<_lht.

2. Hount setting gauge in 3-ja,; chuck .

Pay attention that the plane sur face

of the setting gauge (I) touches the
jaws of the chuck.

3. Position of toolhol der body :

- -Loosen clamping screw of toolholder
body.
- Put te::plate horizontally onto setting ga~ge, points 2 and 3 must touch
setti ng gauge.
3

~:ove lcngi tudinal and cross slide by

hand until t oolholder body is near
poi nts 4 and S.

- Press toolholdcr body by hand against

the template and clamp it .
II

G XZFA

000000

II G . X Z

F A

4. Set X- and z-value on digital read-

00000 0

ol

ol
_ _ _ _ _L

out at zero.

_ _

8.17/lnch

Preselllng of tools/Inch ga nge

Positioning of turning tools (inch)

1. Right hand side tool T01
1. Right hand side tool T01

X = 0"

z = 0"
LOosen clamping sere~ f or turning t ool
and move it bac~war ds in toolho lder .
-

Clamp toolholder onto t ool holder body.

Hove right h and side tool into groove
and pos ition it such t ha t t he carb ide
tip aligns .<i th surface I .

righ t hand s i de t ool in t his pos i tion and rerrcve toolhol dar .

Cla~p

Attention:
Press tool only slightly and then position.

In the same way as the right hand side

tool all other tools are to be preset.
1>1len setting t he r igh t ha nd , le f t hand or
neutral s ide tool, the pos ition of t he
toolholder body remains t he same . Por all
other tool s the posi tion of the slides must
be changed .
Starting point for the ~easures is the
posit i on ~hich you fi xed with the templa te .

2. Traverse of left hand si de tool (T02)

x = o
z - 0"

3 Traverse of neutral sid e tool (T03)

X

= 0

0"
11

t
8.18/inch

------

Inch gange/Preselllng of tools

4. Traverse of threading tool f or external threads (T04)

5. Traverse of plunge cutting to ol (T05)

= 0"

X 0"

z . 850"

Z= + I. IOO"

6. Traverse of parting-off tool (T06)

7. Traverse of internal threading

tool (T07)

X 0"

= -. 900
z = +2 . 340"

+. 650"

11

)
'

8. Traverse of Inside turning tool (TOB)

X = - . 900

z-

11

+2.100"

..._

8.19/lnch

Presetting of tool s/Inch gange

~-

---------------------------------------~
Positioning of cutting edges of tools
to each other, if slide posjtion
remains unchanged
The value s must be cons i dercrl ,;hen
prograrr."lir>g . Re fere r1ce point is the

positio n of the right hand s ide tool.

Neutral Side Tool

L
0"
= + .275"

Left Hand Side Tool

L 0"
a +.55"

Outside Threading Tool

L = 0"

Pluning Culling Tool

L
- .400"
a = O"

= + .1oo"

a = o"

Inside Turning Tool

L = + .400"

Inside Threading Tool

L
+ .400"

Parting-off Tool
L 0"

=
= - .8oo"

a = - .8oo"

8.20/lnch

Inch gange/Presettlng ol tools

'

Example
Turnin2 of an annular tee - slot a nd
parting-off
,.. -- - 1- - ~-.--

(I f II
I

f. "i- -!-- +--1-

f.\ 1-e. !
1,1I

1~ -~~2~~ -~~~~-~~~~-~~~- J~!~~~~-~29- ~~

___!!! ~L

- 1--

--

..

At the end of block lll ) the righ t ha nd

side t ool is at the i ndicated position .

~- ~

-e.

'

'--l==

I 1_ j--

01

- 200

25

{1

0(

- 1,00
0

-600

400

25
25

1.4'

.J.L ..QL
'

~~

00

~~

2.(

co

-300

16 01

tl5

~l

18

01
00

49 . 00
2o Oi

21
22

23

- --

.,

+ - 550" This measure must be taken into

account "hen you program t he
fo ll~ ing blocks .

- 1--- - f-

- (.1 40 +111)-

1-

too l

t --

250

2- Left hand side

---------------------Tra verse of position Q =

.6o

,lQ

.05x4 5'_

.a- --1-- ~o--

.a

01

00

so
0
- ,(00

250

25

25

-250

25

250

. '.00
250

25

21

3 . Parting-off toll ( blocks N2 4 to N29l

-- - ------ --- - - --- -- - - - ---- - - - --- -- -~---

The position o f the

edge is the sar.e as
hand side t ooL The
le ft hapd side tool
t ool: Q = - . 550"

~550!.!..._
r-

/ l/1

.140.

At t ention:
Never change teo ls ....hen main spindle is
r unning! Danger !

2tt co

25 00

-200
0
150

2.6

01

21
28

00

2'1

22

8.21/lnch

co

parting-off t ool' s
that of the r i ght
distance bet.<een
to the parting - off

-5 90
- 500
'

.-

1'/190

AO

Radius Compensation

Radius Compensation
(The Equidistant)

Definition:
The equi distant is a line which
has the s ame distance to a given line
(cu" ve) .

(
Programming up to now
IHth all our prograrrJiling exercises up
to nzy~ we assumed that the tool bit is
absolutely pointed. 1\e h,;~ve progratr.:ned
the workpiece shan left hand like
follo><s:
N

..
..

01
01

-z,
-z,

...
...

X<

)
Th e radiu s of curvature of a corner

-~

In fact , each carbide tip has a certain

corner radius (r). Without the corner
radius the carbide tip would break or
melt when working.
The radii are standardized according
to ISO: r o ,4/o,8/1,2/1,6/2,o/2,4 ron
S

Center of radius

Corner radius

Imaginary cutting point

(Location of reference point)
Theoretical point

8.23

Radius Compen sa tion_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _..-!

The influence of the corner

Radius

1. Turning at right angle .

fol lo ~

t he outline A B C D

The radius of t he c utting edge does not

i nf l uence the ~orkpiece outline ~hen turn i ng
in X- or Z-di rec t ion only (t urning at t he
right angl e ) .

I. Distance A8 (length Z l)

I " I :. I : 1-:.1 I
De t e r mi ning t he out line i s poi n t Pl .

2 . Di stance BC ( l ength XI)

I I :.I :.1 , I I
Determining the out l ine is poi nt P2 .

3. Distance CD (le ngth Z2 l

Determining the out li ne is point Pl.

Conclusion:
Tne r adius of the c utti ng edge does not
i nfl uence t he wolkpi e ce out line wh en
t ur n ing in X- or Z-direction, ( t urni ng
a t r i ght ang l e ).

8 .24

Radius Compensation

2. Taperturnlng
The .wrkpiece outline A B C D E shall
be programr..ed.
Up to nO'n' we habe been prograrrming such
an outline as fol l O'n'S :

2 . 1 . Distance liB

Determining for the outline is

poi nt P I of the carb i de tip .

2 . 2 . Distance BC

f
\,

I, I:.1.:. 1-:. I , I
Here we see that it is not the i maginary point of the cutting edge K
but the po i nt P2 which dete r mines
the outline .
I n other ~-:ords , with this prcgran
t he outline B'C ' will be turned off .

2 . 3 . Distance CO

I I :. I : 1-:, I , I
De t ermining for the outline i s
poi nt Pl.

8.25

Radius Compensation

2. 4 . Distance DE

Determin ing for the outline is P3

Resu lt:

Because of the corner r adius "r " o f t he

tool bi t the determiting cutting point p
a lters.

As you r ealize , not ABCDE i s machined.

I t i s AB'C'DE.
So:

Zt is to short ( size = lJ. z )

z~

is to long ( size +A z ) .

Consequence:
With taper turning X and
must be ca l cul ated .

Z-di~nsions

The two possibilities

Programming the
center of the
radius

Programming the
Point in
imaginary cutting
Point K

8.26

Radius Compensation

Example 1

Calculating th e
point K

Calculating th e
pointS

1. Distance AB

Path of point K:Z'

Path of point S:Z'

Z!~ -

z , -t r - lc

( )

!.---

/H -

Calculation of Lz and ~Z

-1-

/lz '"" r. fg~ j

~"l

I-62 =
'

- - -11 - -1-

8.27

r -Ll "" r - rtgf_

r(-1-

t9~) 1

2. Distance BC

IJ--

r---

z. ---;

z, -

-1

l i l,

3. Distance CD

.--- - z, - --1

\ ..I ~ lz
Zl

-z;

z, -r +l1 _.,.t

= 2 3 - r-+ lt
= ~~-(r - h,)
"'" !:>~

8.28

Radius Compensation

Example 2

Distance AB

- j ..,'

z..

2 .., -t-

uA

-::t

z::.

8 .29

Radius Compensation

Distance BC
fo---

z,

--~

(
Path of S in Z-Oi rection

Path of K in Z-Oi r ection

r.~ =

r2.- r

-t le

.... l2..- (r - lc)

'--

..

6.2

Path of K i n X- Oirec tion

Path of s in x- oirect ion

I

x~ =- X1

r -+

b.

.. )(.. -(r - L.x)

AX
~

Calculating Lx:and AX

t<J !10~~ .., Lx

('

6.X "' r "' r -

8.30

Lx
r. tg 9 ~

Rlldius Compensation

Distance CD

><

"'

"<I

..'

,r~

r )
Path of S In X-Directlon

Path of Kin X-Direcllon

X2 -= X2.

t r - Lx
\

'"

t.X

Conclusion:

o The size o f Ax and ll z r esp .

l x and lz depends on the size of the
o corner radius and froo the
o angle "'
o \;ith industr ial machines the values Ax a n Li z are
calculated by the cor..puter .

8.31

Radiu s Compensation

Chart for -" X and 6

Z-values

o, 4

o,5

o,S

I ,o

so

Ax
LI Z

o , o3
o , 38

o , o4
0 , 40

o ,o7
o, 76

o ,o8
o , 96

lo 0

AX
LIZ

o,o6

o , 36

o , oB
o , 46

0' 13
o , 73

o , 16
o , 91

IS0

AX
4Z

o , o9

o , 3S

o , 12
o , 43

o, 19
o , 69

o , 23
o,87

2o0

AX
Az

o, 12
o,3 3

o , IS
o , 41

0 , 24
o , 66

o , 3o
o , 82

3oo

AX
AZ

o, 17
o , 29

o, 21
o , 37

o , 34
o , S9

o , 42
o , 73

4o0

AX
Az

o,21

o , 2S

0 , 27
o , 32

o , 43
o , Sl

o , 53
o,64

AX

o, 23
o , 23

o , 29
o , 29

o , 47

LI Z

o , 47

o,S9
o , 59

AX
Az

o , 2S
o, 21

o , 32
o , 27

o , 5I
o , 43

o ,64
0,5 3

AX

o , 29
o, 17

o , 37
o , 21

o,S9
o ,34

o , 73
o, 42

AZ

o,33
o, 12

0 , 41
o , IS

0,66
o ,24

o , 82
o , 3o

Ax
AZ

o , 3S
o,o9

0 , 43
0 ' 12

o , 69
o, 19

o,87
o , 23

o ,46
o , o8

o, 73
o, 13

o,91
o, 16

45

So0
6o0
7o0
75
eoo

LIZ

AX

llx

o , 36

AZ

o,o6

8 .32

-
9. Glance Into Production Machinery

/ .,

'

Glance into production machinery

The address letters
Programming of decimal point, zero
suppression
Format specification
Programming of absolute value/
Programming of reference value
Control circuits
Fixed points
Programming sheet of an industrial machine

9.1
9.2 9.4
9.5
9.6
9.7 9.8
9.9 9.10
9.11 9.14
9.15 9.27

( )

Glance into Proc;luction Machinery

\-Jith a t raining unit the e r.iphas i s i s on

getting to kna,; the set up and the logic behind a CNC-mach ine . High output
or produc tivity are not of concern.
l~ith

( )

production rr. achines in industry

high output and precision in manufac-

ture are top priorities . ~:anual operations such as setting of spindle speeds,
tool change , s'~ i tching - on of coolant
att achment , etc. ar e tice consuming ' and
t here f ore the se operations are us ua lly
done via the control uni t , i . e . through
the progr am .

Automation
Since production tirr.<a (,;orkpiece time)
has to be kept as short as possible ,
- s .< itching on the main spindle ,
- se tt i ng o f spindl e speed ,
- tool change ,
- var ious switching functions (e . g .

coolant on , coolant off)

( )

are

a uto~ised

and

prograrr~ed .

Programming
When develop ing a CNC un i t , it is a l ways the goal to develop it for simple
and praxis- oriented programming.
There fore the comp uter takes over more
and more ca lculation a nd storage work .
var ious data (e.g . tool data, technological data) are stored and do not have
to be prograrr~ed or entered any rr.ore.
On the following pages a

J )

9.1

surr-~ry.

Character store/Address letters

The character store (the address letters)

Since there a r e

r~re

possibili ties f or
industri al/pr oduction
r.~chi nes, therefore the ch aracter store
has to be larger .
proqr~~ng ~ith

J ust consider a mi ll i ng machine : " e

have to program in 3 a xes: X,Y,Z.
Tile meaning o f t11e characte rs is defined
according to ow 66 o25 , page I.
The current addresses , thei r oceaning,
the i r characteristics.

Extrac t fro n Dill 66o25 , page I,

editio n 2.72

Character

Character

l:eaning

rurning movement - x-axis

Turning moveme nt - Y-a xis
Turni ng rnover.:ent - Z-Dxis

rurning r::ove :::cnt addi ti dnal axis

G
H

J
K

II

or third f eed
Turning movement further axis or
second feed
Peed
Preparatory function
(unassigned)
I nt er polation parruneter or thread
pitch paralle l to x- axis
Inte rpolation pararr.ete r or thread
pi t ch parallel to Y-a xis
Interpolation parameter or th read
pitch parallel to z-axis
(unassigned)
Auxiliary functi on
Bloc)< number
(no t to be used )

Q
R

~:eaning

Third u~veme n t paral l e l to X-ax is

or parame t er for tool corre ction
Third moveme nt parallel to Y- axls
or pararr.eter for tool correction
~nird mover.:ent par a llel to z-ax l s
or r api d t r averse di r ection zaxi s or para~eter for tool corr ection

s
u

Spindle speed
Tool
Second rr~vemc n t paral l e l to X-

Second movcu.e nt parallel to Y-

Second move=ent parallel t o

axis

axis
~

a xis
X
y

!!ove:.:ent i n direction of X-axis

Nove:::ent in direction of 't-axis
:-:ovement i n direction o f Z- axis

9.2

Preparatory functions

The preparatory functions (Forma t G2)

C-funct.ions , prepa<ato<y functions these are the r.ost co~7.~n terms used .
These unassigned ones can ce used by
the ~~nufacturer of a control unit for
certain control functions.

The avai l able nurrber of preparatory

functions are oore numerous with in-

dustrial machines . The meaning of such

functions is defined according to DIN
66 o25 , par ts of i t are unassig ned.

The r..eaning of such specially ass igned

functions is explained in the instr uction bocks of the relative machine .

Codes of preparator) func tions C

Extract from DIN 66o25, page 2, paragraph 2. 4 , edition 72.5.
(

Preparatory
Function

coo

Point to Point , Position ing

GO !

Line.>r lnteq>Ola tion

G02

Circular Interpolation Arc

GO)

P<eparatory

:.:ea.n ing

Function

G40

Tcol Offset cancel

G41 - G52

Tool Offset

clockhise

G53

Linear Shift Cancel

Circular Interpolation Arc

G54 - G59

Linear Shift

GGO

Posit i oning Exact I ( fi ne )

G61

Positioning Exact 2 (cedJ

G62

Positioning Fast (coarse)

G63

Tapping

GBO

Fixed Cycle Cancel

GS l - GS9

Fixed Cycle

G90

Absolute Dice nsion

G91

Incre=ental Di cension

counterc lock>~ise

o-,:ell

G04

Parabolic Interpolation

cos

Acceleration

C09

Decele<ation

Cl7

XY Plane Selection

GIS

XZ Plane Selection

Gl 9

YZ Plane Selection

G25 - G29

Percanent.ly unassigned

G92

Preload Registers

G33

Thread Cutting, constant lead

G93

Inverse Tirr.e , Feed Rate

G34

Thread Cu tting , increasing

lead

G94

Feed pe r 1-linute

G95

Feed per Spindle Revolutior

G96

Constant Surface Speed

G97

Revolution per Ninute

>

G35

G36 - G39

Thread Cutting, decrea sing

lead
Percanently unassigned

All preparatory functions not mentioned

~ere are unassigned.

9 .3

Miscellaneous functions

---

----------------------------------------------------------~

The miscellaneous functions

Address:

f.l;

f'OrMat: H2

The switching on of the spindle , of the

coolant liquid , tool change and other
f unctions are programmed >~ith address 1-1.
Also with funct ions H there are p re li ninary a nd permanent ly unassi gned ones.

Codes of miscellaneous functions M

J::xtract of DIN 66o2 5, page 2, paragraph
4.3 , edition 72/ 5 .

~li scellaneous

Function

l-!00

Prograo Stop

l!Ol

Optional (planned) Stop

!~02

End of Program

1!03

Spindle

Cloc:.a~ise

::04

Spindle Counte r clockwise

t-~05

Spindle Of f

:.~06

Tool Change

:.~07

Coolant No . 1 ON

~:OS

Coolant No. 2 ON

:.:og

Coolant OFF

:.no

Clacp

!1 1 J

Unc l amp

J.ll3
J.ll~

Niscell<:neous
Function

:.:eaning

HI S

::oti on +

Hl 6

l'.otion -

m9

Ori ented Spindle Stop

1130

End of Tape

Hl l

In terlock Bypass

1136 - H37

Feed Range s

~na

Spindle Clock~>ise and c oolant ();I

Spindle Counterclcckldse
and Coolant O:l

V.eaning

- 1139

Spindle Speed Range

1-!40 - 1-!45

Gear Changes

H50

coolant llo. 3 <XI

NS l

Coolant uo. I ON

1-155 - M56

Linear Tool Sh i ft

1!60

h'orl<piece Cha11ge

1161

1171

- :172

t:62

Linear 1\orl<piecc Shi f t

Angula r

All niscella neous f unctions not ~entioncd

here are preliminary or permanently un ass i gned .

9 .4

l~orl<piece

Shi f t

Decimal numbers I Zero suppression

Some Facts and Features

Programming of decimal point
Nearly all industrial KC-machines are equi pped ..;ith deciLoal
point input. This feature facilitates program~ing and prcgram
input.
Example:
1/loo mm input ( lil<e

CO~lPAC'I'

5 CNC) :

x-value is 24 , 25 rrm
Input: 2425 (no decimal point)
Example:

( )

I nput of decima l point :

x-value is 24,2 5 rrm
Input: 24,25 ( prograrr~ing of decimal point)

Zero suppression (according to ISO)

I. Suppression of leading zeros
The notati on XOOI 2 , 145 i s vague and corr;plicated . Thus .< ith
many NC units the leading ze ros need not be .:ritten.
Example
Notat ion wi thout suppression of
leading zeros

Notation with supp r ession

of l eadi ng zeros

XOOI2,
145
........

Xl 2 ,145

Le:aing zeros

2 . . Suppression of consecutive zeros (according to ISO)

The zeros aft er the decimal point need not be written.
Example
Notatio n without s uppression of
consecut i ve zeros

Notation with suppression

of consecutive zeros

Xl2,2$:9

Xl2 .

Consecutive zeros

9.5

_,

Formats

Format speci fication

COMPACT 5 CNC

In our format specification on the CO:.!PACl' 5 CNC we h ave

indicated the forma t s ymbolically.
N . ./G .. /X .. / Z .

Program format specification (according to ISO)

A

t ypica l e xar.ple:

li4/G2/X4 3/ Z<l )/ ..... etc .

h"hat r:r.eans X4 3?

X 43

The first f i gure neans the

number of possible digi ts
before the deci~al poi n t

The second f i gure r:r.eans the

nuc~er of possible digi t s
after the decimal point

,,_.,.,_
3

If there is only o ne f igure after the address characte r ,

the n it c-.eans the nucher of digits before the deci l:'. al point .
Tne largest prograrr."nablc block n uo:J::e r >till then be : !1~_99,
II

Exercise :

Ind i cate the program fo r r..at of t he CO:tPACl' 5 CI:C (a ccording

to ISO)
N .. /G /X .

./z ..... /f' . ..

9.6

Programming of absolute value I Programming of reference value

( l

Programming of absolute value I Programming of reference value

Industrial NC-roachines allO'..; bo t h abso

lute and incremental pr ogra~~i ng. The
computer must be hO",.;eve r inforrod on
ha.... to understand the dat a \ihich a re
put in: absolute or incre ~e nta l. Th is
informa tion i s g i ven via G- functions .

G90 = Absolute dimension input

G91 = I ncr.,roental dit!e nsion input

Example: Prograrrc1ling of absolute value

Poin ts P, / P1 /P, have t o be de s c rib ed i n
t he absolu te s ys tem ; zer o point o f the
coordinate systen as indicated.

60

30

t-15-

~
-z

R\

Ze10- ~ ~
point

..,

.t

- -s.

/
+X

- 1-"'

00

G9o

p,

ol

ol

Ia

Go

p,

o2

ol

lo

45

pl

o3

ol

2o

By progrrua~ing o f G90 all follo'<i ng X/Z

inputs ~i l l be ca l culated as absolut e .
This instruction will be cance lled , i f
you progr am G9t .

\pj

..

\.

p2

Exercise:
{

Describe poi nts P1 /P, /P, in the absolute

system. Zero point as i nd i c a ted.

'

-x
N

~
-

-z

1/ &
~

+Z

~eropoint

/
+X

)
.

9.7

Programming of diameter

Programming of diameter

t:nether the customer (ho buys the oachi ne ) wants a prog rarrmi ng facility fo r
radius or for di a~eter has to be indicated ~hen orderi ng the ~~C - machine.

to be turned are mostly ind i cated in the technical dra;d ng i th

t heir diarr~te r s. To convert t he diameter values into radius values is time
consuming and can bring about miscalcul ation. Tnerefore , with practically all
lathes t he diameter is prograrrmed.

l~orkp ieces

Example:
Zero point as indica ted
Prcgrar.ming of absolute value
Prograr:Jlling of diameter

60
30

~
~ ~ -- ;

- I-

/
~

+X

\p)

14- 15

PJ

..
..
..

P,

..

p1

r
"'

2o

6o

2o

45

4o

3o

9o

( )

~.
.

Example:

P rogra~~ing

of diameter

Program point P, absolute, poi nt p2 in cremental , point p3 absolu t e.

( J

9.8

Control circuit

( )

The Control Circuits on NC-Machines

1. Open control circuit (e. g. COMPACT 5 CNC)

..
......... ...

, ... , ,.
~

l\'C -control
uni t

,."', .,.."....0
k

(!)

>
<I
k

...
...."
<>
r:

-<

Nachine

teed
motor

J(j-

~~~~~~~-~~!~~ ~~!~~
The NC- control un it gives the instr uction to traverse to t he f eed motor , e . g.
to traverse b y 37 ,2 5 r.ro. An a nswer back
signal , ,.,hether t he slide has actually
moved , is not g i ven.

9.9

Control circuit

2. Closed control circuit

(}

11'

NC-

" --;:::==:;){ control

~

n I'

CD

un i t

.......5

....5
...u

"~
tl

....<:

~:::::::::::::d

IOOmm

230mm

machi ne i s equipped wi t h a pos i tion

measure syste:n. The positions o f the
sl i des a re conti nuously indi cated to the
control un i t .

~n o

~~!~~~!~ - !~~~~e!~~
~ne slide is a t position 23o rr.-u. \~e
give i nstr uc tion to t rave r se Z - l )o r.m .
The pos i t ion ceas ure s ystem reports to
t he !lC-cont r o l unit: my position is
23o t:'.m .

The calc ul a tor calcula t es:

Actua l value = 23o mm
Desired va l ue = ( 23o - l3o) = l oo am

~n c:-a

MfASU;!E

Thus I have to gi ve tra ver s e i ns truct i on

unt il I r ece i ve information f r o:n the position oeasur e : I have rea ched at loo ~~ .

T0
MOTOr:\

9 .1 0

l )

Important points

Important Points
1. The machine datum M
Syrr.bol

The machine datun i s t he origi n of the

coordinate system. l:ith l a th es it is
on the woun ting base of the cain spi ndl e
flange and the turning axis . Jt cannot
be changed by the user of the machine .
I t was fixed by the manufacturer and
progra~ed into the co~put er ~e=ory . The
point has the coordinates x~o, ZcO.

2. The machine reference point R

Symbo l

The oachine re tere nce point serves for

the calibration of the measure s ystem.
The position of point R is determined
from the manufacturer by cams . Tnc measures X!IR and ZIIR are fi xed in the computer and cannot be changed by t he user .
Calibration procedure
a)

s l ides are coved until the cars

indicate: "The slides are a t reference point R". The displacement c casuri.ng system indicate the measured
values X and z.

~he

b) The co=puter COffipa r es

Z~IR a nd Z.

XIIR}
= fi x
Z!~

~'IR

and X resp .

s tored va lues

xz} = weasured values

-- --- - --

c ) I f there is a devia tion , then x- and

z - values in the r..easuro s y stcn will

be corrected .

9. 11

Important points

~-------------------------------------------

Example
Slides are in reference poi nt position R.
Program:ning the of fsct fro:n R to oachinc
reference point M as fo llo~s.
G

tl

..

G9o

..

ol

XHR

Z~IR

3. The workpiece zero -point W

The vari ous chucking devices arc oounted
onto the cain spi ndle . The dlstancc of
the face side of the ~orkpi cce to the
machine datum (X 4 /X 1 /X) differs, depending on the jaws .;hich .;e use for chuck ing . That ~auld cause a lot of calculation work l<hen pr ogram:ning.
The refore:
Offset o f the origin of the coordinate
systen into the ~:orkpi ece ze ro poi nt I~.
G92

Proqrar.med offset of reference point

The origin of the coordinate system is the

machine reference poi nt. This origi n of the
coordinate system can be o ffset to t he work piece zero poi nt I~ . It i s effected via
G- f unk tion G92.

The ~~rkpiece ze r o poin t is described fro~

point R .;hen the offse t i s programn:ed via G92

x,,,~

Coordinates of

1-1

X-1\xis: no offset

.'

Z-llxi s:

ZR"o1

XI-!Rs Xl1;1

= ZMR -

P rogra ~~ ing

9.12

..

90

..

92

ZM'rl

= 200

120m.-n

- 40 = 160

the offset
X

120

160

lmportanl polnls

Ex ample
Prog raffil--ning the points P1 /P1 /P!
Prcg rarur.ing o f absolute value
Prcg rarr."lling of diame ter

..
\

..
..
..

9o
92
00

..

ol
ol

..

l)lf l f ?OOJ

12o
lo
lo
3o

16o
So
6c

25

( l

~------~ ------~

Exe rcise

Prcg ram the offset of I~ (desig n) and

prog r am points P,/P.t/P3 .

( J
_C

..

rL

~- -

--

1-.:! ~

!!

"$

i
120
200

( )

9 .13

Important points

4. The dead stop point A (Symbol-@)

Tne di stance of the point A a lters depending
on the c lamping device .
Position of point A c.ust be cosidered ,:hen
proqra~~ing the offset of the coordinate
syste:n .

5. The set value E (Symbol * )

The set point & is the zero point for t he
tool pre- setting . Starting fro~ thi s
poi nt , t he ceas urements for the t ool bit
dirr.ensions L and Q a re se t a nd calculated
(compare add ress T).

6. Tool post reference point T (Symbol4)

Point T is exactly the point of r otation of the tool post.

7. Slide reference point F (Symbol~- )

A point on the tool post.

-J{

m,

,A

Jr --r- ~ : __J /-~w

- - If l?'l
-

I~

l.. --1-- -l

L __ _
T'nerc aa:e even trJOrc r e ference points on

certain r;c- ::achines (compare relative

instruc tion b ook) .
\-lith ma ny mach ines var ious points are
for reasons of sic,p lici ty ide ntical with
re f erence point R.
R

=E

=F

9 .14

Address N

A Programming Sheet of a n Industrial Machine

Address N (Block Number)

I I I I
s

Th e nwrobe r of blocks i s 9999. (Addre ss

f ormat N4 ) . lie program in decimal j umps
so we can pu t in block s also aftet~a rds
without having to rewr ite the whole program .
common for mat : N4 (to 9999 b locks)

( )

Ex ample
1+--

29 --+1

'I he progra~~~r has f ixed a depth of cut

of 5 mm . l\"hon t he operation s t arts , the

de pth o f cut tur n s out to be too l arge .

" - - -1---

X/U

Z/W

3 .000
2 . 000

3o.ooo
3o.ooo

00

84

01

84

10
20

lnse rtlng a block

NOD

( )

'The operator changes the program by d i vidi nq bloc.k NCO in t wo sinq le blocks
(NOO NO I ) with 3 rr.rn resp. 2 m;o depth

of c ut .

""" """"""

................

00

84

X/U
5. 000

Z/li
3o ooo

10

20
30

--

Which possibi lities do you have for insert ing a block on t he CO~!PACJ' 5 CIIC?

N~l

~ \ """"
{ )

lihic h other possibilities ould there be

in t his exar:ple - Maybe 1<ithout dividing
the block?

NOD

In which ....ay were the values X and

give n?

9.15

The Addresses G/X/Z/R/M

Addresses G/X/Z: Tnese you kna~ already

fro:n 1<0rki n9 ,-lith tho CO!IPACT 5 CI\C .
Address H: Nisce llan eous fu nc tions,
codes to be found on pa9e 9 . 4 .

Programming example
Block I: Spindle speed in clcck,;iso dir ection 24oo rev/min.
Block 2: Coolant 1 0:1
N

01

97

2400

02

03
07

Address R: Tne add ress R refers to the

control unit. It is programn:ed in conne ction -:ith the constant cutting speed.

9.16

AddressS

Address S (Spindle Speed)

Wi t h industria l NC - ruachines a l so the

spind l e speeds arc prograrrued.

()

1. Constant spindle sp eed

!':~~~e!~~

'f\lrn ing a taper

Wi th cons t ant spind l e speed (e .g . l ooo
rpm) also t he c u t t i ng speed changes f ro:n
Vs t

dl

T(

l ooo

= 62

2o

X '!!'

l ooo

looo

l ooo

m/ min .

to
Vs2

=
~

d2

X1f"

!coo
124

4o

'1i
looo

m/rrin.

The r.a xinum cutti ng speed is gi ven (de pendi ng on oat er i a l of the tool b it ,
r aw mat e r i a l o f workpiece , depth of
cut, e t c . ) .
IHth cons tant s pind l e speed t he r..ax imum
cutting speed has t o be set at t he largest diamet er.
~~~'!~~~ ~~2~ ~
- ~~en cut ti ng speeds change also cutt i ng condi tion (sur face) .-Ul change.

- 11any caterials can be hardly worked

wi t h teo lo.< cutting speeds.

9.17

Addresses IlK

-------------------------------------------Addresses 1/K

s .,

IM

'l'here are common cr-:C - uni t s where 1/K are

use d for t he description of the center
point of circle. On industr ial machi nes
any type of arc can be ach i eved .

( I

Prograrr...-ning

Tool bi t is positioned in point l.

1121

35

10

01

30

-35

20

02

60

- 47

25

IS

.--J

I 'I
0

~ - -+Po

-L---t--
I

'

Block lo: Program:ni ng of P1 to P, .

"'"'"

Bleck 2o: Turning o f radius

Tool bit is at point P2 .
x,z- values:

In colurr~s X and Z we enter the coordinates of point P~ .

X60 (Progranming of diarr~ter )
Z-47 (Programmi ng of absolute val ue )
1/K-values
I and K are the coordi nates of the cen ter point o f radius . These values have
to be put in incremental ly. Starting
point for the description of poi olt PJ. Starting point for the arc.

( I

9.20

Addresses X/U , Z/ W

Addresses X/ U, Z/ W

IF

The measurements in c ost drawings are

given in a mixed code, both absolute
and increr..en tal. IH th the preparatory
functions G90 and G91 you can choose
bet.:een these two codes. In many instances it will ho-..;ever be simpler to
program in both codes i n one block .

For this case the address e s u and N are

used. I f the values a r e enter ed under
x,z t hey will be calc ulated as absolute.
I f ent ered under U/h', the values .~ill
be increc:ental .

Exarr.ple:

~------ ~------~

The points P1 /P1 /P:; are prograr.rr;ed . The

point P1 is abays wri tten absolute.

3. X-absolute I Z-inc rementa l

1. PrograrrJoing of absolute val ue in xand z-axis

N /G90

N /G90

II . ./GOO/XIO/ZBO
1: ./GOI/XI0/1~20

N ./GOO/X 10/ZBO
N ./GO I /X 10/ZGO

11 /GOI /X)O/IHS

N /G01/X30/Z 25

2.

Prograrr~ing of increcental value in

X- and Z-axis

4. X-incrementa l

N ./G90
N, ./GOO/X10/Z80

N . / G90

( J

I Z-absolute

N. ./GO I /UO/ZGO
N. . /GOI/U 10/Z25

N.. /GOO/X 10/ZSO

N. ./G01/U0/1~20
II. ./GOI/UIO/IHS

Exercise:
carry out all I ways in program:>iog
Progra:n the workpi ece zero point in the
indicated position.

9 .21

Addre ss T

Address T (Tool)
Address forll'.at : T'l (T .. .. )
T . is the abbrevi ation for "TOOL".

I I
s

Industrial o:;achines are quipped 1d th

tool holders which can hold 4 , 6 ,8, 12
or more tools .
The toolholder of machining centers can
hold So and more tools .
Tne tool change is done aut omatically
and ~ust be progr~~d.

Fixings for programming

Position number (example: 4-way tool holder)

l:e have to in form the des ired ang le pos ition to the coocputcr. Tne instruc t i on ,
to the toolholder "l:ove by 27o0 ", .wuld
be too long, currl:l er sorr.c and depending
on the language.
Fixing
The 4 pos iti ons of the toolholder are
numbered: 01 . /02 . . /03 .. /04 ..

Examole:

0
04

Prograr~ ing

for position 02 .. in

bloc~

120

03

oo
Tne t oolholder will

9 .22

~vc

to position 02.

Address T

Tool pre-seHing

,_-

Like on the CO:.!PAC'l' 5 CtlC t he tool s must

be pre-se t, so t he position o f the edges
in X- and z-axis to each other are kno.:n.

1t4 --l

Wny a t ool pre- se t ting de vice?

XO

Tne setti ng o f tool s direct a t the r;cmach ine ~ould b e unecono~ical, because
t ho machine "ould be blocked too long
(cost fact or ) .

Z>O

The tool setting pointE (Symbol

-$-)

a) Origi n for the mcasurerr~n ts and setting i s a point on the t ool holder.
This point is ca lled t he tool setting
poin t .

b) Th i s i s the re fe rence point for positioning the t ool .

distance i n x-axis
L
Q = distance in z-axi s

The se t ti ng chart

Right hand tool:

L = Go nr.
Q =

)o

IUl

Le f t hand t ool:
L
Go rn:l
Q o !S u.ro
~he rr~as ure s/dicc ns ions

L/Q are entered

in the set ting chart, so that both the tool pre-setter a nd the progra=~er =<nC'I the position of the tool edge .

\. )

9.23

Address T

The tool storage and the tool number

Do you rerr.ember exe rcise B. 2 1? 1-lhen
changing froj the right hand t o the
left hand s i de tool , ~e had to take into account the dirtcnsi on 14

r...,

in the

program . l-Ie had to ca lcu late .

\-l ith industrial r;c-mach ines t his calculation work is

ta~en

over by the

cc:npu ter. h'e have just to enter the rela ti ve dat a .

Programming
(

Add ress format: T4

T .

........

Nun<.bcr of tool (TOI , T02 ,

'1'03 , '1'04)

Posi tion number (O l /02/03 )

- The first figures stand for t he position of tho t oo lholder.

- The second t~o f i gures indicate tho
nu~.ber of the tool . Under this nQ~e r
the tool data are stored (L/ Q/ R etc .)
Example :
!/

00

o4o4

o6

120

o3ol

c6

'IOJO l
The tool holder turns in block 12o to
posi t1on 03.
'1'0301
Tne co~puter kno~s the L/Q/R values and
calculates t he c.ovece nt . Tnese values
must. ho.<ever be e ntered into the t ool
storage .

------------------------------

9.24

Address T

Input In the tool storage

l~e

have to put into the tool storage

the t ool data for each tool (~1, T02 .. )

Exanple:

( )

Tool: TO!
L = 25 II-11 I Q = 4
R = o , B m::1

'

- -$

r;.o

- -..-Q

Tool : 'T02
L = 25 , 8 run I Q 2o
R = o,S

$-
(

Inputs
1. L- value
2 . Q-value
3. cutting radius "r" for calculation
of the equidistant (radius co~pen
sation) .

4 . Position of t he cutting radius (1, 2 ,

3,4, 5 etc.) so the cocputer kn~s
whether t he calcu lated correction
valuo has to !Je added or substrac t ed .

9.25

~~

Address T

How come s th e tool tip K to point P with thi sprogramming?

00

90

01

92

~X~!Rc~XI~~

ZWR= Zt1R-Z!:'t'l

~X

02

+Z

Procedure :
Block liOO : G90 = Prograrr.ming of absolute
va lue
Block 1101 : G92

Of fset of the coordin a te s yste m by Zh' H

!Hoc k 1103 : Tool traverses to pos ition

X/Z.

Z px

rr

lt.i
r...'

h
w

--

~-

--

--

'S

--

"
X

L-

C>.

L-

"1
..J

_0 .,_

\1'1 -r-ER
~

\, Ill"

Zwe- ZwR
zi.IR zi,IE

9.26

"2

Address T

Run-oft In Computer

!lachine

Tool
Storage

storage

storage

6
Hicroprocessor

I nstructions

I. Hicroprocessor- Nachinc storage

CALCULl\Tl<A'l 1\0HX Of' I.JICROPROCESSOR

l!o,.,. large are the distances R to H?

I have to instruct to traverse to

and dicension z.

2.

~lachi ne

stor age -

~ticroprocessor

I
The distances arc
3.

~licroprocessor

X~ffi

and

Z-di recti on:

Z~ffi

Uffi - Z~7.1 - Q - Z ~
So I have t o traverse by .zKe.,

- Storage I

Is machine zero point offset?

2. X- d i r ection:

4. Storage I - llicroprocessor

Xlffi - L - X XKP
I have to traverse in X-direction by

Yes: I ns t ruction G92 in block 1:01 ~<as

given. lle zero point is offset b y dist ilnce z:.:-;~. .
llicroproce ssor: I have to subs t ract
with all z-values.

~.

Zl~~

S . Hi croprocessor - Tool storage

110'' large are the distances of the cut-

t i ng tips K and R?
6. Tool storage - loli c r oprocessor
No , the distances R to K are L and Q.
Hicroproce ssor: so I have to take in to

\ 1 account L/Q.

9.27

PROGRAIVIMBLATI EMCO COMPACT 5 CNC

N

S (1/mnj

Bemerkungen

--- --

t-

)
~eclv\\>ngs Nr.

O..nennung

(Name
Ptograrrml-~.

Oalum

BlaU

Conversions page I

Inch- Metric Conversions

+
+
+
+

Heasu,re of length
Feed size
Feed speed
Cutting speed

Length Measurement

Inch system

He tric $ystem

Basic measures of length are inch

and feet.

Bas ic unit of measures of length is

the m.
In technical draw'ihgs all measures
of length are shown in rrm.
1 mm = o.oo1 m
Parts of w~ are written as decimal
mm
only.

\ Parts of inch are written both as

fractional and decimal inch in
technica l drawings.

Conversioo

Inch

mm

1011

254 mm

t II

25,4 rnm

. 1"

Inch to mm

.01

Hultiply inch dimension with 25.4

2,54 mm
11

= 1.63"

25 .4

= 41.4o2

o, 254

!L.'!I

.ool"

o,o254 m:n

.oool"

o,oo254 mm

Example:
I .63"

1'. 0 .

rou
Conversion
!Ml

looo
(1 m)

to inch

loo
+ Q!y_ide mm by 25.4
Example: 41.4o2 rrm : 25.4

= 1.63"

+Multiply inch with .o4 (rounded

factor)
Example: 1 IUD x .o4 = . o4 "

Inch (exactly)

Inch (rounded)

39.37oo7

4o

3 .937oo

1o

.3937o

.4

.o3937

.o4

o, I

.oo393

. 004

o,ol

. ooo39

.0004

l )

'I

"'-~"\

)
Conversions page 1

Conversions pago 2

Feed Size IFtl

l'.etcric
Feed s i ze l a given in inch per revol ution.
F

\ )

Feed size is given in mm por revo-

lution.

inch
rev7

Ftc

rev .

Conversion

!E!!.
Rov.

- - -- - to - -- -

mm
rev.

MUltiply with factor 25 .4

o.oofinc~
Lrev]

x 125.41

ltll!l

o,o254r

Lre~

inch
rev.

to

rov.

r)

Multiply with factor .04

.o2sf-J
rov.

EJ

o.ool" cinch]
.rev .

..

(( J

( )
Conversions page 2

Conversions page 3

'

,~

, oI

Inch

Metric

Feed speed is given in rrn per minute

Feed speed is given in inch per minute

Conversions with factor 25.4 resp. o , o4

)

inch/mm

l2s .41

loo mm/ min.

loo mm/ min

lo ,o41

4 i nch/min.

Calculation of Feed s peed (F 2)

(inch)

F2 [Inch]
min.

G(L1J

Fl

~c:v]

Exampl e:

Fl

. ooo8'' per revolution

15oo rpm

F2

F2

Fl = 15oo x .ooos

Conversions page

I,2

inch
min .

~,

Conversions page 4

'

~) ''k

Cutting Speed (Vs)

(Sur face speed)

Hetric
In inch practice .the cutting speed
is given in feed per minute

In metric practice the cutting speeds

are given in meter per minute

In short:
SFH (surface speed per minute) or
fprn (feed per minute )
Sx'Jr xD
12
j

Vs = Cutting speed (feed per minute)

S = Spindle speed (rpm)
D = Diameter of ~orkpiece (inch)

sx11' xD
1ooo

Vs
S

= Spindle

= Diameter of \,orkpiece

Cutting speed (meter per minute)

speed (rpm)

Conversion of Cutti ng Speeds

fptn- value
o, 3

~lultiply
~ith

So fpm

'

2.

24 m/min

fpm

Hetric
Hultiply m/min-value
with

24 m/min

3. 3

x~

So fpm.

)calculating the Spindle Speed

\

.12

Vs

7( X D

s = Spindle

speed (rpm)
Cutting
speed (fpm)
Vs
D = Diameter (inch)

~-

Hetric

Inch

]_

'I

/'

1( = 3.14