1.-Especificacin ASTMA A 36/A 36M.

TABLE 1 Appurtenant Material Specifications

Material
ASTM Designation
Bolts
A 307, Grade A or F 568M, Class 4.6
Hight-strength Bolts
A 325 or A 325M
Steel Nuts
A 563 or A 563M
Anchor bolts
F 1554

ASTMA A 36/A 36M.

TABLE 3 Tensile RequirementsA
B
Plates, Shapes, and Bars:
Tensile
Tensile strength, ksi [MPa]
5880 [400550]
Yield point, min, ksi [MPa]
36 [250]C
See the Orientation subsection inthe Tension Tests section of Specification
A 6/A 6M.
A

For wide flange shapes with flange thickness over 3 in. [75mm], the 80 ksi [550 MPa] maximum
tensile strength does not apply and a minimum elongation in 2 in. [50 mm] of 19 % applies.
B

Yield point 32 ksi [220 MPa] for plates over 8 in. [200 mm] in thickness.

BOLTS
1.1.-Especificacin ASTMA A 307
Standard Specification for Carbon Steel Bolts and Studs, 60 000 PSI Tensile Strength
-Bolts and studs in sizes 14 in. through 4 in.

Grade
Grade A

Bolts and studs in sizes 14 in. through 4 in.

Description
Bolts and studs having a minimum tensile strength of 60 ksi and
intended for general applications.

Grade B

Bolts and studs having a tensile strength of 60 to 100 ksi and intended
for flanged joints in piping systems with cast iron flanges

Grade C

Replaced by Specification F 1554 Gr.36

Style of nut for each grade of fastener

Fastener Grade and Size
Nut Grade and StyleA
A, 14 to 1 12 in.
A, hex
A over 1 12 to 4 in.
A, heavy hex
B, 14 to 4 in.
A, heavy hex

Nuts of other grades and styles having specified proof load stresses (Specification A 563, Table 3)
greater than the specified grade and style of nut are also suitable.
A

ns
Designation
or F 568M, Class 4.6
or A 325M
or A 563M
F 1554

ensile
0 [400550]
6 [250]C

on

si [550 MPa] maximum

] of 19 % applies.

Tensile Strength

n.

sile strength of 60 ksi and

plications.

of 60 to 100 ksi and intended

with cast iron flanges
F 1554 Gr.36

de and StyleA
A, hex
eavy hex
eavy hex

ecification A 563, Table 3)

STRUCTURAL STEEL DESING FIFTH EDIT

Metodo AS
Structural_Steel_Design,_5th_ed
PLATES
J4. AFFECTED ELEMENTS OF MEMBERS AND CONNECTING ELEMENTS
PLATES
1.- Strength of Elements in Tension
Design for Strength Using Allowable Strength Design (ASD)

Ra

Rn/

Ra = required strength using ASD load combinations

Rn = nominal strength, specified in Chapters B through K
=safety factor, specified in Chapters B through K
Rn/ = allowable strength

(a) For tensile yielding of connecting elements

Rn = FyAg
= 1.67 (ASD)
Fy = specified minimum yield stress, ksi (MPa).
Ag =Gross cross-sectional area of member, in.2 (mm2)

(b) For tensile rupture of connecting elements

Rn = FuAe
= 2.00 (ASD)
Fu = Specified minimum tensile strength, ksi (MPa)
Ae = effective net area as defined in Section D3, in.2 (mm2); for bolted splice
plates, Ae = An 0.85Ag.

ASTM A36
Fy = 36 ksi
Fu = 58 ksi

(a) For tensile yielding of connecting elements Plates.

Ancho Placa Abraz.=
Esp. Placa Abraz.=

177.8
12.7

Ancho Placa Abraz.=

Esp. Placa Abraz.=
Esp. Placa Ahog. Moch.=

7
1/2
-

Fy =
Ag=

36000
3.50

Lbs/in2
in2

Pn = FyAg=

126 Klbs.

=
Pa
Pa=

1.67
Pn/
75 Klbs.=

Carga Cortante por Flexibilidad:

Carga Va=
31544 Kg.=
Va prom=
15772 Kg.=
Pa
34223

>
>
ACETABLE

Va
31544

(b) For tensile rupture of connecting elements

Diam. Nom.Tornillo=
Diam. Conex.=
Diam. Efect.=
#Bolts in Row.=
#Bolts in Plate.=
Ab =

5/8
1/8
3/4
2.00
4.00
0.307

Fu =

58000

An = Ag- (Esp.Placas*Diam.Bolts*#Bolts)
Ae = UAn
An = Net area of member, in.2 (mm2)
Ae = effective net area as defined in Section D3, in.2 (mm2); for bolted splice
U=
1.0
as All parts connected
An =
Ae =

2.75 in2
2.75 in2
Thus Ae = An=

2.75

According to J4. AFFECTED ELEMENTS OF MEMBERS AND CONNECTING

Ae = effective net area as defined in Section D3, in.2 (mm2); for bolted splice
plates, Ae = An 0.85Ag.
Ae = 0.85Ag.
U = 0.85
Ae = 2.98

in2

Thus considered the lowest value of "Ae=UAn" and "Ae=0.85Ag"

Ae=Uan

2.75

Ae =

<

Ae=0.85Ag
2.98
2.75 in2

Pn = FuAe=

160 Klbs.
=

2.00

Pa=
Pa=

Pn/
80 Klbs.=

Carga Cortante por Flexibilidad:

Carga Va=
31544 Kg.=
Va prom=
15772 Kg.=
Pa
36174

>
>
ACETABLE

Va
31544

BOLTS
ASTM A 32
J3. BOLTS AND THREADED PARTS
10. Bearing Strength at Bolt Holes
Ra
Rn/

= 2.00
The nominal bearing strength of the connected material, Rn, is determined as
(a) For a bolt in a connection with standard, oversized and short-slotted holes,
of the direction of loading, or a long-slotted hole with the slot parallel to the
direction of the bearing force.

(i) When deformation at the bolt hole at service load is a des

Rn = 1.2lctFu 2.4dtFu

(ii) When deformation at the bolt hole at service load is not a

consideration
Rn = 1.5lctFu 3.0dtFu

(b) For a bolt in a connection with long-slotted holes with the slot perpendicular
the direction of force.
Rn = 1.0lctFu 2.0dtFu

(c) For connections made using bolts that pass completely through an unstiffen
box member or HSS, see Section J7 and Equation J7-1;

where:
Fu = specified minimum tensile strength of the connected material, ksi (MPa)
d = nominal bolt diameter, in. (mm)
lc = clear distance, in the direction of the force, between the edge of the hole a
the edge of the adjacent hole or edge of the material, in. (mm)
t = thickness of connected material, in. (mm)

For connections, the bearing resistance shall be taken as the sum of the bearin
of the individual bolts.
Bearing strength shall be checked for both bearing-type and slip-critical connec
The use of oversized holes and short- and long-slotted holes parallel to the line
force is restricted to slip-critical connections per Section J3.2.

Rn = 1.2lctFu 2.4dtFu
Bolts of
Longitud Extremo=
Espesor Placa=

5/8 "
3
0.50

Longitud entre Hole=

Diameter Hole=
Ic=
Ic=

3
0.75
2.50
2.25

in
in

Thus considered the lowest value of "Ic"

Ic=
2.25 in
Rn-plate =

1.2lctFu=

313.20

Rn-bolts =

2.4dtFu=

174.00

Rn = 1.2lctFu
313.20

>

Thus considered the lowest value of "Rn"

Rn =
=
Ra =

174.00 Klbs.
2.00
Rn/=
87.00

Carga Cortante por Flexibilidad:

Carga Va=
31544 Kg.=
Va prom=
15772 Kg.=
Ra
39462

>
>
ACETABLE

Va
31544

6. Tensile and Shear Strength of Bolts and Threaded Parts

Ra

Rn/

The design tensile or shear strength, Rn, and the allowable tensile or shear
strength, Rn/, of a snug-tightened or pretensioned high-strength bolt or threa
part shall be determined according to the limit states of tension rupture and sh
rupture as follows:
Rn = FnAb
= 2.00

where:
Ab = nominal unthreaded body area of bolt or threaded part, in.2 (mm2)
Fn = nominal tensile stress, Fnt, or shear stress, Fnv, from Table J3.2, ksi (MP
The required tensile strength shall include any tension resulting from prying ac
produced by deformation of the connected parts.

#Bolts in Plate.=
Fnv =
Rn =

4.00
68000

Fnv*Ab*#Bolts in Plate. =

= 2.00
Ra =
Rn/=

41.72

Carga Cortante por Flexibilidad:

Carga Va=
31544 Kg.=
Va prom=
15772 Kg.=
Ra
18926

>
>
ACETABLE

Va
15772

RAL STEEL DESING FIFTH EDITION JACK C. McCORMAC. 2012

Metodo ASD

PLATES
AND CONNECTING ELEMENTS

h Design (ASD)
(B3-1) P-67

B through K

(J4-1) P-184

(J4-2) P-184

D3, in.2 (mm2); for bolted splice

mm.
mm.
"
"
"

34223 kg.

70 Klbs
35 Klbs

Kg.

"
15.88 mm.
"
"
Tornillos en Linea.
Total de Tornillos en la Placa.
in.2

Lbs/in2

D3, in.2 (mm2); for bolted splice

parts connected

in2

F MEMBERS AND CONNECTING ELEMENTS

D3, in.2 (mm2); for bolted splice

n" and "Ae=0.85Ag"

36174 kg.

70 Klbs
35 Klbs

Kg.

BOLTS
ASTM A 325

(B3-1) P-67

ed material, Rn, is determined as follows:

oversized and short-slotted holes, independent

ole with the slot parallel to the

e bolt hole at service load is a design consideration

(J3-6a) P-183

he bolt hole at service load is not a design

(J3-6b) P-183

d holes with the slot perpendicular to

ss completely through an unstiffened

uation J7-1;

he connected material, ksi (MPa)

ce, between the edge of the hole and

material, in. (mm)

(J3-6c) P-183

l be taken as the sum of the bearing resistances

earing-type and slip-critical connections.

ng-slotted holes parallel to the line of
per Section J3.2.

19.05 mm.
3d

in
in

2.25

in

3d

2.25

in

3d

3d
2.25
57.15

Klbs.

3d
2.25

2.25

6.75
171

in
mm

4.50
114

in
mm

Klbs.
2.4dtFu
174.00

Klbs.

Klbs.=

39462 kg.

70 Klbs
35 Klbs

Kg.

hreaded Parts
(B3-1) P-67

nd the allowable tensile or shear

nsioned high-strength bolt or threaded
it states of tension rupture and shear

(J3-1) P-181

in

in
6.75

2.25

in
in

r threaded part, in.2 (mm2)

ess, Fnv, from Table J3.2, ksi (MPa)
ny tension resulting from prying action

Total de Tornillos en la Placa.

Lbs/in2

Table J3.2

83.45 Klbs

Klbs.=

18926 kg.

70 Klbs
35 Klbs

Kg.

171

mm