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Set No: 1
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[8+8]
3. a) With neat sketch, explain the measurement of phase and frequency using lissajous
patterns?
b) List the applications of CRO?
[10+6]
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4. With a neat block diagram explain the micro processor based ramp type digital
voltmeter?
[16]
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5. a) Explain the principle and working of True RMS voltmeter with a neat sketch?
b) With a neat sketch, explain the principle and working of peak reading voltmeter?
[8+8]
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8.
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Set No: 2
[16]
3. a) What is the minimum distance, L, that will allow full deflection of 4cm at the
oscilloscope screen with a deflection factor of 100v/cm and with an accelerating
potential of 2000v?
b) An electrically deflected CRT has a final anode voltage of 2000 V and parallel
deflecting plates cm long and 5mm apart. If the screen is 50 cm from the centre of
deflecting plates, find beam speed, deflection sensitivity of the tube and the
deflection factor of the tube?
[8+8]
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[10+6]
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Set No: 3
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[8+8]
3. a) With neat sketch, explain the measurement of phase and frequency using lissajous
patterns?
b) List the applications of CRO?
[10+6]
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[8+8]
5. a) Explain the principle and working of True RMS voltmeter with a neat sketch?
b) With a neat sketch, explain the principle and working of peak reading voltmeter?
[8+8]
6. a) Write a short note on thermistor and thermocouple with a neat sketch?
b) A barium titanate pick up has the dimensions of 5mmx5mmx1.25mm.The force
acting on it is 5N.The charge sensitivity of barium titanate is 150 PC/N and its
permittivity is 12.5x109 F/M. The force acting on it is 5N. If the modulus of
elasticity of barium titanate is 12x106N/m2. Calculate the strain, the charge and the
capacitance?
[8+8]
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Set No: 4
[16]
3. a) What is the minimum distance, L, that will allow full deflection of 4cm at the
oscilloscope screen with a deflection factor of 100v/cm and with an accelerating
potential of 2000v?
b) An electrically deflected CRT has a final anode voltage of 2000 V and parallel
deflecting plates cm long and 5mm apart. If the screen is 50 cm from the centre of
deflecting plates, find beam speed, deflection sensitivity of the tube and the
deflection factor of the tube?
[8+8]
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[10+6]
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Set No: 1
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2. Describe the construction, principle of operation and application of SF6 circuit breaker.
How does this breaker essentially differ from an air blast breaker
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3. a) Show that the torque on the disc of on induction disc relay is maximum when the phase
difference between the two fluxes is 900.
b) What are the merits and demerits of static relays?
4. a) Describe schemes of protection for an alternator against inter-turn faults when the
number of circuits per phase are i) even and ii) odd
b) A7.5 MVA, 11kV, 3-phase star connected alternator is protected by Merz-price
circulating current system. The star points are earthed through a resistance of 4. If the
ratio of the current transformer is 1000/5 and the relay is set to operate when these is an
out of balance current of 1.5 Amps. Calculate,
i).The percentage of each phase of the stator winding which is unprotected,
ii).The minimum value of earthling resistance to project 90% of the winding.
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5. What type of protection scheme is employed for the protection of a large power
transformer against short circuits? With neat sketches discuss its working principles
6. a) Compare the merits and demerits of various pilot wire relaying schemes for protection of
transmission lines
b) What are the desirable features of the bus bar protection?
7. a) List out the merits of grounding power system neutral
b) A 132 kV, 3-phase, 50Hz, overhead line 200 km long consists of three conductor of
effective diameter 15mm, arranged in a vertical plane with 5m spacing and regularly
transposed. Find the inductance and 2.5 kVA rating of the arc suppression coil in the
system.
8. a) Explain the zinc-oxide lighting arrester with neat diagram
b) What are volt-time curves? What is their significance in power system studies?
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Set No: 2
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2. Describe the construction, operating principle and application of vacuum circuit breaker.
What are its merits over conventional type CB? For what voltage rating is it recommended.
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3. a) What are the various types of distance relays? Compare their merits and demerits
b) Describe the construction, principle of operating and application of induction cup type of
relay
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4. a) What are the abnormal conditions in a large alternator against which protection is
necessary
b) A three phase, 25MVA, 11kV, star connected alternator has a synchronous reactance of
3 per phase and resistance 0.7 per phase. It is being protected by Merz-price
remains unprotected and if the neutral of the alternator is earthed through a resistance of
5 ohms. Assume that the operates when the out of balance current exceeds 25% of the
load current. Determine what portion of the alternator windings is unprotected.
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5. Explain the principle of Merz-price system of protection used for power transformer. What
are the limitations of this scheme and how are they overcome
6. a) Describe the various schemes of protection of feeders
b) Explain the differential protection scheme of bus bar with neat diagram
7. a) Explain the phenomenon of arcing ground and suggest the method to minimize the effect
of this phenomenon
b) A 50Hz transmission line has a capacitance of 0.2F per phase. Determine the
inductance of person coil to neutralize the effect of capacitance of
i) complete length of line, ii) 85% of length of line and iii) 75% of the length of the line
8. a) Explain the term insulation coordination? Describe the construction of volt-time curve
and the terminology associated with impulse testing
b) Describe the construction and principle of operation of value type lightning arrester
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Set No: 3
Code No : V3210/R07
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2. With a neat sketch, describe the working principle of an axial air blast type circuit breaker.
Explain why resistance switching is used with this type of CB.
3. a) Define differential protection. Describe the principle of circulating current differential
protection and give its applications
b) Explain the directional impedance relay be means of its characteristics on R-X plane
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4. a) What is restricted earth fault protection for alternator? Why is this form of protection
used for alternator even though it does not provide protection for the complete winding
b) A 11 kV, 75 MVA alternator is provided with differential protection. The percentage of
winding to be protected against phase to ground fault is 7%. The relay is set to operate
when there is 20% out of balance current. Determine the value of the resistance to place
in the neutral to ground connection.
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5. Describe the construction, principle of operation and applications of Buchholtz relay. Why
is this form of protection an ideal protection scheme with neat diagram.
6. a) What is translay relay? Give such a scheme of protection for a 3-phase transmission
lines
b) Explain the protection of bus bars? List out various types of bus bar protections
7. a) Explain the un-grounding system with neat diagram
b) In a 50Hz transmission line has capacitance of one line to earth was 3.2 F. It was
decided to use an earth fault neutralizer. Calculate the reactance neutralize the
capacitance of
i)
100% of the length of the line
ii)
75% of the length of line
iii)
50% of the length of line
8. a) What are the causes of over voltages arising on a power system? Why is it necessary to
protect the lines against over voltages
b) Describe the construction and the operation of metal oxide surge arrester
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Set No: 4
Code No : V3210/R07
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2. What are the different types of air blast CB? Discuss their operating principle and area of
applications. Which types is less affected by current chopping
3. a) Explain the principle of operation of an induction disc relay with relevant diagram
b) Classify the various types of over current relays and give their applications along with
approximate characteristics
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5. a) What protective devices other than the differential protection are used for the protection
of a large transformer? Briefly describe them
b) A 60 MVA, 132/33 kV, / , 3- power transformer is protected by percentage
differential relays. If the CTs located on delta and wye side of the power transformers
are 300/5 A and 2200/5 A respectively Calculate i) The output current of fault load,
ii) The relay current at fault load and iii) The minimum relay current setting to permit
25% over load.
6. a) What is carrier current protection? For what voltage range is it used for the protection of
transmission lines? What are its merits and demerits
b) Explain 3-zone distance relay protection using impedance relays.
7. a) What are the various methods of neutral grounding? Compare their performance
b) A 220 kV, 3-phase, 50Hz, 300 km transmission line has a capacitance to earth of 0.021
F/ phase. Find the inductance and kVA rating of the Peterson coil used for earthing the
above system.
8. a) Explain the protection against lightning over voltages
b) What are BILS? Explain their significance in power system studies
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Set No: 1
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2. (a) If X(K) denotes the N-point DFT of an N-Point sequence x(n), show that with N
even and if x(n) = x(N-1-n) then X(N/2)=0.
(b) Consider a sequence x(n) = {2, 1, 1, 1} and T = 0.5 compute its DFT and
compare it with its DTFT.
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4. (a) Determine the impulse response of the system described by the difference equation
y(n) 3 y(n 1) 4 y (n 2) = x(n) + 2 x(n 1) using Z transform.
(b) Determine the direct form II realization for the following system:
y(n) + 0.1y (n 1) 0.72 y (n 2) = 0.7 x(n) 0.252x(n 2)
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5. (a) Convert the following analog filter with transfer function . into
a digital IIR filter by using bilinear transformation method. The digital IIR filter is
having a resonant frequency of Wr = /2.
(b)Design a digital filter that will pass a 1Hz signal with attenuation less than 2dB and
suppress 4Hz signal down to at least 42dB from the magnitude of the 1Hz signal.
6. (a) Explain briefly the method of designing FIR filter using Fourier series method
(b)Design a linear phase low pass filter with a cut-off frequency of /2
radians/seconds. Take N=7
7. (a)Explain Multirate Digital Signal Processing.
(b)Consider ramp sequence and sketch its interpolated and decimated versions with a
factor of 3.
8. (a)Draw and explain the bus architecture of DSP processors.
(b)Explain the implementation of convolver with single multiplier/adder.
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Set No: 2
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4. (a)Define stability and unstability of a system. Test the condition for stability of the
first order IIR filter governed by the equation y (n) = x(n) + bx(n 1).
(b)Obtain the cascade structure for the system function defined by:
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H ( z) =
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1 + 2 Z 1 + Z 2
.
3
1
1 Z 1 + Z 2)
4
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5. Design a digital low pass filter with pass band cut off frequency P=0.375 with
P=0.01 and stop band frequency S=0.5 with S=0.01.The filter is to be designed
with bilinear transformation method. What is the order of Butterworth and Chebyshev
approximations?
6. (a)Outline the steps involved in the design of FIR filter using windows.
(b)Design a low pass digital FIR filter using Kaiser Window satisfying the
specifications given below.
Pass band cut-off frequency = 150 Hz.
Stop band cut-off frequency = 250 Hz.
Pass band ripple = 0.1dB
Stop band attenuation = 40 dB
Sampling frequency = 1000 Hz
7. (a)Consider ramp sequence and sketch its interpolated and decimated versions with a
factor of 3.
(b)Discuss the applications of Multirate Digital Signal Processing.
8. (a)What are the advantages of DSP processors over conventional microprocessors?
(b)Briefly explain the special addressing modes available in DSP processors.
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Set No: 3
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2. By means of the DFT and IDFT, determine the response of the FIR filter with impulse
response h[n] = {1, 2, 3} to the input sequence x[n] = {1, 2, 2, 1 } .
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6. (a)Design a high pass filter using hamming window with a cut-off frequency of 1.2
radians/second and N=9.
(b)Compare the performances of rectangular window, hamming window and Keiser
window.
7. (a)Describe the decimation process with a factor of M. Obtain necessary expression.
(b)Consider a signal x (n) = u (n)
i. Obtain a signal with a decimation factor 3
ii. Obtain a signal with a interpolation factor 3.
8. Briefly explain the following with respect to TMS320C5X:
a. ALU
b. Flags available in status register.
c. Parallel Logic Unit
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Set No: 4
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3. (a)Summarize the steps of radix2 DITFFT algorithm and draw the flow graph.
(b)Evaluate the 8-point DFT for the following sequences using DIT-FFT algorithm.
1
for 3 n 3
x(n) =
0 otherwise
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4. (a)Explain the different structures for realization of IIR system. and explain how
conversion can be made from direct form I structure to direct form II structure.
(b)Realize the given system in cascade and parallel form
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1 1
Z
.
2
H (z) =
1 2
1 2
1
+ Z 1 Z
+ Z
1 Z
4
2
1+
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Set No: 4
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Set No: 1
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Set No: 2
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2. (a). Develop an 8086 assembly language program to find the sum of numbers from
1 to 100.
(b). Differentiate between procedures and macros using certain examples.
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4. (a) Explain the cascaded mode operation of 8259 with a neat block diagram
(b)Discuss the properties of DMA request inputs of 8257.
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5. With a neat sketch draw the internal architecture of USART 8251 and explain its
different status, mode and control formats in detail.
6.
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Set No: 3
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2. (a) List out the assembler directives of 8086, and explain them?
(b).Write an ALP in 8086 to exchange a block of N bytes of data between source and
destination.
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3. (a) Explain the Programmed I/O and Interrupt driven I/O in detail.
(b) Explain the operation of a parallel comparator A/D converter.
4. (a) Draw and discuss the internal architecture of 8259A?
(b) Explain the interrupt sequence in 8086 system
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Set No: 4
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Set No: 1
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For a CMOS inverter, calculate the shift in the transfer characteristic when the n
ratio is varied from 1 to 10.
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Draw the stick diagram and a mask layout for an 8:1 nMOS inverter circuit. Both the
input and output points should be on the Polysilicon layer. Also explain the diagram.
Construct a color-code stick diagram to represent the design of integrated nMOS and
CMOS structures in 8:1 MUX. Explain the diagram.
Explain how a pseudo-random sequence generator may be used to test a 16 bit data path.
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Set No: 2
What are the characteristics on which the figure of merit of a transistor model depends?
Explain
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3. What are the effects of scaling on device parameters? Derive the expressions of
parameters.
4. A particular section of layout includes a 3 wide neutral path which crosses a 2 wide
polysilicon path at right angles. If the layers are separated by 0.5um thick layer of silicon
dioxide, find the capacitance between the two layers.
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6. a) What are basic blocks in a CPLD and FPGA cell? Give a detailed diagram of each
microcell.
b) How does LUTs help in implementing circuits on FPGAs?
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Set No: 3
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2. How can we enhance CMOS Processes to increase routing of circuits, Provide high
quality capacitors and provide resistors of variable characteristics
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3. Though scaling down gives the desirable effects in a device, why further miniaturization
of device not allowed? What are the limitations of scaling? Explain.
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4. A layer of MOS circuit has resistivity = 1 ohm cm. A section of this layer is 55 m
long and 5 m wide and its thickness of 1 m calculate the resistance from one end of the
section to other. What is the value of sheet resistance Rs?
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5. Construct a stick diagram for a CMOS Parity generator. The required responses is Z=1 if
there are even number of ones on inputs and Z=0 if there are odd ones. Explain the
diagram.
6. a) With an example, explain the CMOS chip design using programmable interconnect.
b) Give a brief note on PLDs.
7. a) Explain the need for CMOS testing?
b) Explain serial scan testing procedure?
8. Write a brief note of VHDL design units with examples.
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Set No: 4
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2. In an inverter circuit, define ZPU and Zpd. also derive a relation between them in nMOS
inverter derived from another nMOS inverter.
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3. Draw the models of metal interconnect and electro optical interconnection along with
their equivalent circuits and explain.
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4. An off chip capacitance load of 10PF is to be driven from CMOS inverter. Set out
suitable arrangement giving appropriate channel L: W ratios and dimension. Calculate the
number of inverter stages required and the delay by the overall Circuit to drive 10PF
load.
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5. Draw a transistor circuit diagram of shift register capable of holding and shifting 4 bit
word. Explain the circuit operation.
6. Design a square generator of given 4 bit binary number using PROM device.
7. a) Draw a clocked field programmable logic array structure and explain its operation.
b) How CPLDs are different from FPGAs.
8. Write a brief note on (a) Configuration declaration in HDL (b) LUTs & slice in FPGAs
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Set No: 1
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8. From the following information draw the network and identify the critical path and
project duration.
Activity
i-j
1-2
1-3
1-4
2-6
2-7
3-6
4-5
5-6
6-8
7-8
To
(days)
12
6
10
8
16
16
8
6
14
10
Tm
(days)
16
14
14
16
20
20
12
10
20
16
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Tp
(days)
22
18
20
28
24
24
16
12
30
24
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Set No: 2
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4. (a) How the personnel Management is different from Human Resource Management?
(b)What are the functions of Human Resource Management?
5. What is strategic planning? Explain the role of SWOT analysis in strategy formation.
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8. From the following data crash the network and identity the optimum time of the
project where the indirect cost is estimated Rs.2000 per day.
Activity
1-2
Normal
Time(days)
8
Normal
Cost ( Rs.)
4000
Crash
Time(days)
4
Crash
Cost ( Rs.)
12000
2-3
10
3000
7500
2-4
14
3600
10
6000
3-4
5000
10000
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Set No: 3
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8. From the following information draw the network and identify the critical path
and project duration.
Activity
i-j
1-2
1-3
1-4
2-6
2-7
3-6
4-5
5-6
6-8
7-8
To
(days)
6
3
5
4
8
8
4
3
7
5
Tm
(days)
8
7
7
8
10
10
6
5
10
8
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Tp
(days)
11
9
10
14
12
12
8
6
15
12
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Set No: 4
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8. From the following data crash the network and identity the optimum time of the
project where the indirect cost is estimated Rs.2000 per day.
Activity
Normal
Normal
Crash
Crash
Time(days) Cost ( Rs.) Time(days) Cost ( Rs.)
1-2
4
2000
2
6000
2-3
1500
3750
2-4
1800
3000
3-4
2500
5000
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