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PRELIMINARY CHEMISTRY WATER TOPIC TEST

Time Allowed: 1 hour


Reading time: 5 minutes
Total Marks: 45

NAME:

Write answers using blue or black pen


Part A 10 marks
Attempt Questions 110
Allow about 15 minutes for this part
Use the given multiple choice answer sheet below.

Select the alternative A, B, C or D that best answers the question. Fill in the response oval completely.
Sample:

2+4=

(A) 2

(B) 6

(C) 8

(D) 9

If you think you have made a mistake, put a cross through the incorrect answer and fill in the new answer.
A

If you change your mind and have crossed out what you consider to be the correct answer, then indicate the
correct answer by writing the word correct and drawing an arrow as follows.
correct
A

MULTIPLE CHOICE ANSWERS

1.

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9.

10. A

A student dissolves sodium chloride in water. Which of the following is the solute?
(A)

Sodium chloride

(B)

Sodium

(C)

Chlorine

(D)

Water

HBr has a density of about 3.3 g mL1. What is the expected mass of 3 mL of HBr?
(A)

0.91 grams

(B)

1.1 grams

(C)

3.0 grams

(D)

9.9 grams

Which of the following molecules is non-polar?


(A)

N2

(B)

H2O

(C)

NH3

(D)

HCl

The structure of an organic molecule is shown below. What type of intermolecular forces does this
substance exhibit?
(A)

Hydrogen bonding

(B)

Dipole-dipole interactions

(C)

Dispersion forces

(D)

Covalent bonding

A chemist has two beakers of water. He places silicon dioxide in one beaker and glucose in the
other. He then heats both beakers with stirring. What result should the chemist expect to observe?
(A)

Both will dissolve

(B)

Only the silicon dioxide will dissolve

(C)

Only the glucose will dissolve

(D)

Neither will dissolve

Which of the following comparisons of the different states of H2O is correct?


(A)

Density of water > Density of steam > Density of ice

(B)

Density of ice > Density of water > Density of steam

(C)

Density of ice > Density of steam > Density of water

(D)

Density of water > Density of ice > Density of steam

A student wishes to dilute 10 M solution of hydrochloric acid into a 4 M solution. If she initially has
500 mL of the 10 M hydrochloric acid, how much more water should be added to achieve the desired
4 M solution?
(A)

250 mL

(B)

750 mL

(C)

1 250 mL

(D)

1 500 mL

Consider the following energy diagram of two different reactions X and Y shown below
Energy

Reaction X
Reaction Y
Reaction progress
Which of the following statements about the two reactions is correct?

10

(A)

Reaction X is exothermic and reaction Y is endothermic

(B)

Reaction X is endothermic and reaction Y is exothermic

(C)

Both reactions X and Y are exothermic

(D)

Both reactions X and Y are endothermic

A water strider (pictured on the right) is an insect which has the


ability to walk on water without sinking. What property of water
is the water strider taking advantage of in this situation?
(A)

High viscosity

(B)

High surface tension

(C)

Capillarity effects

(D)

High boiling point

The specific heat capacity of copper is 3.9 102 J kg1K1. A student heated a 125.0 gram cube of
copper by placing it in hot water. The initial temperature of the copper was 22.5C. From the
measurements of the temperature change in water, it was found that 2.5 kJ of energy was lost from
the water in heating up the copper. What is the final temperature of the copper?
(A)

27.6C

(B)

28.8C

(C)

51.3C

(D)

73.8C

Part B 35 marks
Attempt Questions 1119
Allow about 45 minutes for this part
Write the answers in the spaces provided in blue or black pen.

Question 11 (5 marks)

Marks

(a)

In the space below draw the Lewis electron dot structure of ammonia

(b)

Identify the name of the molecular shape that ammonia adopts according to valence
shell electron pair repulsion theory

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(c)

Describe the intermolecular forces between ammonia molecules

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Question 12 (2 marks)
Outline the significance of water as a solvent in body cells
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Marks

Question 13 (3 marks)
A chemist has two glass tubes containing equal amounts of glucose powder (C6H10O6 which is
a highly polar molecule) and a small ball of cotton wool to prevent the solid from falling out
but still allowing liquid to flow straight through it. The chemist pours carbon tetrachloride
(CCl4) into tube X and formic acid (CH2O2) into tube Y until they just fully submerge the
glucose. He then opens the tubes to allow the liquid to flow through the glucose column into
the beakers below. After 10 minutes he records the volume of liquid that reaches the beaker.

Glucose

Tube X

Tube Y
Cotton wool

The chemist notices that the volume of the liquid collected from tube X is larger than the
volume collected from tube Y. Explain this result using your understanding of the polarity of
molecules (assume that there is no chemical reaction with the glucose).
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Question 14 (2 marks)

Marks

Octane is the main compound found in petrol. Its structure is shown below

When petrol and water are added in a test tube they are immiscible (cannot form a mixture).
Explain the reason behind this.

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Question 15 (6 marks)
A solubility table is provided below:

(a)

Soluble
All salts of Group I metals
All nitrates and acetates
All salts formed with ammonium ion
(NH4+)
All chlorides, bromides and iodides
except silver, lead, copper and mercury
All sulfates except silver, lead, barium,
calcium and strontium

Insoluble
All carbonates, sulfites and phosphates
except Group I and ammonium ionic
compounds
All hydroxides and oxides except Group I
and ionic compounds of ammonium,
barium, strontium and calcium

Write a balanced equation showing the reaction between calcium nitrate and potassium
sulfate. Remember to include the correct states.

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(b)

Identify the spectator ions.

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(c)

Write down the net ionic equation. Remember to include the correct states.

Question 16 (5 marks)

Marks

A 200 mL solution of 0.1 molL1 lead nitrate was added to a 50 mL solution of 0.01 molL1
sodium iodide which gave rise to a lead (II) iodide precipitate.
(a)

Write down the balanced equation for the precipitation reaction. Include correct states.

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(b)

The mixture was filtered and dried to isolate the precipitate. Calculate the expected
mass of the precipitate collected. (Hint: which reactant is the limiting reagent?)

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Question 17 (3 marks)
Discuss the effects of thermal pollution on aquatic organisms
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Marks

Question 18 (3 marks)
Two possible structures of dichloroethene (C2H2Cl2) are shown below

The structure on the left has a boiling point of 48C and the structure on the right has a boiling
point of 60C.
Explain this unusual difference in boiling points despite both structures having the same
molecular formula C2H2Cl2.
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Question 19 (6 marks)
A student conducts a first-hand investigation to find the specific heat capacity of an unknown
substance X. He heats a beaker containing a certain mass of X with a heater until the
temperature rises from its initial value by 10C.
The heater is attached to a computer data log which calculates the total amount of heat energy
supplied, which he then records after heating. He repeats this process for varying masses of X
in the beaker.
His results are tabulated below:
Mass of X heated (grams)
1.0
2.0
3.0
4.0
5.0

Heat energy required to raise temperature by 10C (joules)


25.1
49.9
74.8
100.0
125.0

Question 20 continues on the next page

Marks

Question 19 (continued)
(a)

On the grid below, plot the points from the table and sketch a line of best fit. Label the
axes appropriately.

(b)

Using the graph and the equation H = mcT, determine the specific heat capacity of
substance X.

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(c)

Identify one factor that may influence the accuracy of this experiment.

End of test

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