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DEPARTMENT
DJJ 2093 FLUID MECHANICS
SESI DIS 2014
TEST 1
Name
: __________________________________________
Registration No
: __________________________________________
Class
: __________________________________________
Duration
: 1 Hour
Date
Instruction
Mark
100
QUESTION 1
a) Define the following terms;
i.
Fluid
ii.
Mass density
(4 marks)
b) Identify the type of pressure represented at (i) and (ii) in Figure 1. Then,
define both pressures.
(i)
(ii)
(a)
(a)
Figure 1
(6 marks)
d) A glass bottle with the volume of 250 cm3 is filled with a fluid that has a
relative density of 1.24. The glass bottle that is full of the fluid weighs 525
g and it has a density of 2110 kg/m3. Calculate;
i.
ii.
QUESTION 2
a) Explain with a diagram the working principle of a hydraulic jack.
(5 marks)
b) A hydraulic jack is used for lifting a vehicle weighting 2000kg which is
located on the large piston. If the diameter of a small piston is 100mm
and the large piston is 150mm. Calculate the required force;
i.
Oil
d
B
e
f
P
Figure 2
Q
Mercury
(8 marks)
***** End Of Questions*****
Mass density
Mass over volume.
m
kg
, unit= 3
v
m
(2m)
(Total = 4 marks)
b) Identify the type of pressure represented at (a) and (b) in Figure 1. Then,
define both pressures.
(i)
(a)
(ii)
(a)
Figure 1
(i) Atmospheric pressure (1m)
The atmospheric pressure is the pressure that an area
experiences due to
the force exerted by the atmosphere.
(2m)
(ii) Absolute pressure (1m)
zero referenced against a perfect vacuum, so it is equal to
gauge pressure plus atmospheric pressure.
Absolute pressure = Gauge pressure + Atmospheric pressure
pabsolute = pgauge + patm (2m)
(Total = 6 marks)
c) Determine the pressure of air in a cylinder if the atmospheric pressure is
101.32 kN/m2 and the absolute pressure is 655.9 kN/m2. Your answer
must be in kN/m2, N/m2 and bar.
Pcylinder = Pabsolute - Patm
(1m)
3
3
Pcylinder = 655.9 x 10 - 101.32 x 10 (1m)
Pcylinder = 554.58 x 103 N/m2
(1m)
2
Pcylinder = 554.58 kN/m
(1m)
Pcylinder = 5.55 bar
(1m)
(Total
= 5 marks)
d) A glass bottle with the volume of 250 cm3 is filled with a fluid that has a
relative density of 1.24. The glass bottle that is full of the fluid weighs 525
g and it has a density of 2110 kg/m3. Calculate;
i.
(1m)
Given
v fluid=250 cm
1 m3
( 100 )3 cm3
v fluid=2.5 104 m3
(1m)
mfluid
v fluid
mfluid= fluid v fluid
2.5 10
( 4)
mfluid=1240
mfluid =0.31 kg
fluid =
(1m)
(1m)
(1m)
(2m)
m glass bottle
v glass bottle
m
v glass bottle= glass bottle
glass bottle
0.215
v glass bottle=
2110
v glass bottle=1.019 m 3
glass bottle =
(Total = 10 marks)
(1m)
(2m)
A1
A2
P1
P2
1=
d 2
4
2=
d 2
4
1 mark
i.
1 mark
F = (19620/0.0177) X 7.855X10-3
2 mark
= 8707.07N/m2 or 8.71kN/m2
2 mark
P1 = F/A1
P2 = W/A2
1 mark
P2 = P1 + gh
W/A2 = F/A1 + gh
1 mark
F = (W/A2 gh) A1
= [(19620/0.0177) (1000 X 9.81 X 5)] X 7.855X10-3
= 8321.78N/m2 or 8.32kN/m2
2 mark
Oil
d
B
e
f
P
Figure 2
Mercury
PA PB = 5.4kN/m2
d = 11cm = 0.11m
e = 23cm = 0.23m
f = 5cm = 0.05m
SHg = 13.6
Since P and Q are at the same level in the same liquid at rest;
Pp = PQ
1 mark
2 mark
10
1 mark
1 mark
Since PP = PQ
PA + oilge = PB + oilg(e-d-f) + Hggf
PA PB = oilg(e-d-f) + Hggf - oilge
5.4 X 103 = oil (9.81)(0.23 0.11- 0.05) + (13.6X103)(9.81)(0.05) - oil
(9.81)( 0.23)
5.4 X 103 = 0.6867oil + 6670.8 2.2563 oil
5.4 X 103 = 6670.8 1.5696 oil
oil = (6670.8 5400) 1.5696
= 809.63kg/m3
2 marks
So;
Soil = oil water
= 809.63 1000
= 0.809
2 marks
1 mark