Mapa Institute of Technology

School of Chemical Engineering, Chemistry, Biological Engineering and Materials

Science Engineering

INDUSTRIAL CHEMISTRY LABORATORY

Lemon-Papaya-Cinnamon
Soap

De Guzman, Anne K.
Tagalog, Christian
Bote, Jairus Lemuel G.
Badiola, Dennise
Group 3 CHM144L/B31

Prof. Medarlo De Jesus

Instructor

INTRODUCTION
The history of soap dates back to almost six thousand years.
Around 2800 B C E, excavations of ancient Babylon revealed
cylinders with inscriptions of making soap. Later, in 1500 B C E,
records from Egypt revealed how animal and vegetable oils were
mixed with alkaline salts to prepare soap.
Handmade soap is technically glycerin soap and it differs from
industrial soap. In hand soap process method an excess of fat is
used to consume the alkali, and in that the glycerin is not harvest
out. This supperfatted soap is more skin-friendly than industrial
soap.
Cold process soap is made by mixing fatty acids and sodium
hydroxide (lye) together. Fatty acids used in this method can be
almost any oil, such as beef tallow, olive oil or hemp oil. Cold
process soap making represents a combination of an art and
science. In order to manufacture the product which is mild and
skin friendly, cold-process method require exact measurement of
lye (sodium hydroxide) and fat amount that forms a chemical
reaction called ''saponification'' during which the oils and lye mix
and become soap.
Hot process soap making is a variation and an interesting take on
the cold process method. Unlike cold-process method, hot
process method does not require the exact concentration of the
lye to perform the process with success. This is the main benefit
of this process.
Hot process was used in making our modified soap.

MODIFICATIONS
Our group decided to modify the original product by adding lemon
oil, papaya pulps and grounded cinnamon to the original
ingredients. There are several procurable benefits from these
added reagents.
The soap we made has two flavors on either side. LemonPapaya on side and Lemon-Cinnamon on the other. Due to lack of
reagents available, the only fatty acid used was stearic acid.
Nevertheless, the soap still hardened and the product was
successfully prepared.

Lemon-Cinnamon

Lemon-Papaya

Lemon oil is a good remedy for increasing the luster of dull skin.
It is astringent and detoxifying in nature, and rejuvenates
sagging or tired-looking skin. Its antiseptic properties help in
treating pimples and various skin disorders. Lemon is also
recommended for reducing excessive oil on the skin.
Vitamins C and A are highly concentrated in most papaya fruits,
along with beta carotene and an enzyme called papain. The
vitamins in papaya are often nourishing for the skin, especially for

those with blemishes and scars. The antioxidants in these

vitamins purportedly helps wash away dead and dry skin cells
very quickly, promoting the growth of new, healthy skin. This
quick turnover of skin growth typically helps fade scars, heal
blemishes, and helps scabbed-over wounds become soft and
pliable again more quickly.
Powdered cinnamon adds a warm, spicy scent; cinnamon is
believed to reduce stress and is used as an astringent and a
stimulant in bath products. Cinnamon is also known to help get
rid of acne and pimples on the face and body.
RESULTS
After using the product, the tester said that her hands felt
smoother and softer. The lemon-cinnamon scent was also very
noticeable. She also commented that she felt a slight prick on her
small cut.