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Terms of Reference

Preparation of City Sanitation Plan of select cities in Madhya Pradesh, India

1.

Background

The Government of India (GOI) has announced the National Urban Sanitation Policy in 2008 to
transform all the Indian cities into community driven, totally sanitized, healthy and livable for all
citizens especially the urban poor. Towards achievement of the Urban Sanitation Policy Goals,
the States are encouraged to come up with their own detailed state-level urban sanitation
strategies and City Sanitation Plans (CSP) within a period of two years. It moots the idea of totally
sanitized and open-defecation free cities as a target and the setting up of a multi-stakeholder City
Sanitation Task Force to achieve this. Environmental considerations, public health implications
and reaching the un-served and urban poor are given significant emphasis in the policy. The City
Sanitation Plans (CSP) is a key steps towards achieving 100% sanitation.
Accordingly, the Government of Madhya Pradesh has launched the Integrated Urban Sanitation
Programme (IUSP) in February 2009 to help all the urban areas of the state achieve totally
sanitized, healthy and livable town and cities. UADD under its Integrated Urban Sanitation
Programme (IUSP) has decided to prepare CSP for 37 select cities (Annex 1) as a first step
towards implementation of IUSP and to move forward towards achieving 100 percent sanitation in
these cities.
2.

Strategy for Implementation

The City Sanitation Plan will be prepared after assessing the situation analysis and with wide
consultation with stakeholders. The Plan will be based on the following considerations:
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To adopt a demand-based strategy and community participation in planning,


implementation and management of sanitation infrastructure.

To adopt locally suitable methods, technology and materials, and provide necessary
facilitation support to the Municipal Corporation.

To encourage community and private participation and define their role in creation and
maintenance of the sanitation infrastructure, and thereby ensure a sense of ownership.

To ensure coordination between various departments working in the field of water supply
and sanitation, such as health, education, public health and engineering department,
industry, environment, transport, pollution control board, etc.

To ensure an optimum use of funds allocated by the 12th and 13th Finance Commissions
for solid waste management.

To coordinate with various externally aided projects for their optimum results.

To promote novel ideas in mobilization of funds, including reforms in tax regime, public
private partnerships, exploring the private market, user charges, beneficiary contribution,
etc.

To refer and study national and international best practices related to sanitation and
extract key information relevant to the context with special focus on technical, socioeconomic, environmental and cultural aspects.

To suggest GIS based Information and Communication Technology (ICT) approach


which would be effective for participatory planning, CSP implementation, monitoring and
decision making process.

3. Scope of the Project

Following Activities are involved in the preparation of CSP:

3.1 Planning Workshop

A planning workshop will be organized at the initial stage of project implementation; where in the
following aspects will be discussed for the development of CSP:

Plan for development of Institutions / Organizations responsible for sanitation, and their roles
and responsibilities;

Plan for ensuring 100% sanitation access to different socio-economic groups, and related
O&M systems (including improving existing systems, supplementary facilities, O&M
Management contracts using PPP and community management, etc.);

Costs and tariffs for service provision;

The issue of collection of dues needs for ensuring accountability as well as financial
sustainability;

Investments and O&M systems for new development areas / market and public places, and
residential and other habitations;

Plan for safe collection, conveyance and treatment of sanitary wastes;

Plan for Monitoring and Evaluation (M&E) of implementation, and of achieving and sustaining
100% Sanitation (including use of community monitoring, etc.);

Issues such as diminishing water resources, impact of climate change, use of low energy
intensive onsite/decentralized wastewater treatment technologies, distributed utilities etc.;

Manpower issues such as adequate remuneration, hazardous nature of work, employment on


transparent terms and conditions, use of modern and safe technology, provision of adequate
safety equipment such as gloves, boots, masks, regular health checkups, medical and
accident insurance cover etc.; and

Plans for other aspects significant locally.

Introduce the concept of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) and explaining its
utility in the City Sanitation Plan

3.2 Baseline Data generation and Creating Database/GIS

Data on the following have to be generated and collated:


i.

Collection of information (ward wise) for all wards on demographic, institutional, technical,
social, and financial as well as on sanitation that exists with ULB;

ii.

Generation of primary data on the missing items. The surveys will use a mix of structured and
participatory techniques.

iii. Collation of base line data generated through exercise mentioned at S.No. (i) - (ii) under
paragraph 3.2. The baseline has to be overlaid on plans for development of new areas and
colonizations, based on the Master Plan of the City (if available). Projections have to be
made after consulting real estate development public authorities as well as private agencies.
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iv. All baseline data to be presented on a Geographic Information Systems (GIS) map linking it
with water supply, sanitation and solid waste management systems for the city and
simultaneously initiating the process to develop ICT tools.
3.3 Situation Analysis
This involves situation analysis by wards for need assessment of sanitation facilities incorporating
ongoing and proposed development works, and analysis of technological and financial options for
planning city wide sanitation programme.
3.4 Stakeholders Consultations
In order to promote wide ownership reflecting the collective and collaborative spirit of the
sanitation endeavour, the Consultant will organize ward and city levels stakeholder consultations
at various stages of development of CSP, which would be as follows:

Planning/ stakeholder workshop at vital stage of project implementation

Two ward level (or group of homogeneous wards), workshops on needs assessments
and technological, financial and operation and maintenance options; and

Consultative city level workshop with stakeholders including community representatives


on draft City Sanitation Plan.

3.5 Finalization of City Sanitation Plan


Suggestions emerging from the city level consultative workshop on draft City Sanitation Plan will
be incorporated in the Final City Sanitation Plan, before its presentation to the City Sanitation
Task Force (CSTF) (also called as City Sanitation Committee) chaired by the Mayor / President of
the ULB.

4. Detailed Tasks of Scope of Work


Task 1: Planning Workshop
A planning workshop will be organized at the initial stage of project implementation.
Task 2: Reconnaissance Survey for Baseline Data generation
The objective of survey is to collect a range of primary data on the actual sanitation situation in
the city through a rapid field survey. This will provide background field data and will facilitate
development of the appropriate methodology for preparation of the City Sanitation Plan. The
Reconnaissance Survey shall be carried out to generate detailed information on sanitation issues
on the following units:
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Each administrative ward in the city

Each slum in the city

Each of the organized industrial areas in the city, including selected industries in the
formal and informal sector

Each of the areas/colonies developed by the Development Authority

Selected health, educational and institutional establishments in the city.

i) Field Survey of Public Toilets in Wards and Slums


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Collect information on the number of individual and public toilets in the unit.

Visit units including colonies developed by the Development Authority to collect


information through site inspection and collect following information:

Type and number of public latrines.


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Arrangement of collection of waste (whether in a septic tank or in the sewer network),


and the map of sewer network, if any.

Arrangement of water supply, and treatment and disposal of waste.

Method of cleaning and maintenance.

Condition of the works, including nuisance such as odour, accumulation of


wastewater, overflowing of septic tanks, etc.

ii) Field Survey of Surface Drains


-

Estimate the length of roads in each ward and slum from the city map.

Conduct a detailed field reconnaissance for noting the details of:

Existence or otherwise of surface drains along individual streets.

Type of drains whether built-up pucca drains or katcha drains.

Their condition, whether flowing or blocked.

Practice of dumping solid waste indiscriminately in the drains.

Secondary and primary drains:

Their size, type and direction of flow.

Whether functional or otherwise.

Where do they lead?

Whether stagnant water has formed.

Whether the drains are likely to pollute nearby water sources and create other
nuisance.

Their maintenance who does it.

Plot, on the city map, the information on surface drains generated in the reconnaissance
survey.

iii) Field Survey of Solid Waste Arrangement


-

Visit the sites of community bins and note: Number, Location, Type, Condition, Present
usage, Nuisance, if any.

Note the open plots, drains or other places used by the residents for indiscriminately
throwing garbage and show them on the city map.

Visit the sites of disposal of solid waste and note:

Location for dumping the solid waste.

Availability or otherwise of sufficient land.

Method of dumping.

Drainage facility at the dumping site.

Method and frequency of disposal of compost.

Condition at site, including the nuisance to the surrounding.

Plot the information on the city map.

iv) Sample Survey of Industries


-

Selection of sample industries:


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Collect a list of industries and their category from the Industries Association.

Categorize the industries from point of generating liquid and solid waste, including
industries that produce difficult wastes from point of view of disposal.

Select 5 sample, representative industries from this list, for the purpose of the survey.

Survey of industries:

Visit each of these five industries and collect the following information.

Broad description.

Nature and quantity of liquid and solid waste generated in a day.

Impact of this waste on public water bodies and the environment in the surrounding
area.

Measures undertaken by the industry for treatment and disposal of the waste.

v) Sample Survey of Public Institutions (Health & Education)


-

Collect from the Municipal Corporation the list of institutions dealing with health and
education and their category.

Selection of sample public institutions dealing in health and education. (Select 5 samples,
representative institutions from this list for the purpose of the survey).

Categorize the institutions from point of generating liquid and solid waste, including
institutions (like hospitals) that produce hazardous wastes from point of view of disposal.

Collect the following information:

Broad description.

Nature and quantity of liquid and solid waste generated in a day.

Impact of this waste on public water bodies and the environment in the surrounding
area.

Measures undertaken by the institution for treatment and disposal of the waste.

vi) Testing of Quality of Water and Waste Water


-

Testing of water quality of ground water:

Collect five representative samples of ground water from different parts of the city
from bore wells in use and near the industries and from streams carrying the Citys
wastewater.

Test the samples for pollution of faecal and/or chemical (industrial) origin.

Try to establish a possible link of such pollution to a given source (stream or


industry).

Testing of wastewater quality:

Collect five representative samples of water in streams, which carry effluent from
industries and domestic wastewater, in different parts of the city.

Analyze them for biological and chemical quality.

Try to link the polluting parameters to domestic and industrial pollution.

Task 3 - Situation Analysis


The Situation Analysis have to be done by taking into consideration the ground realities, local
conditions, and assessment of the present sanitation situation. The consultant will be expected to
undertake the following tasks:
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Review available data and the results of the Reconnaissance Survey; identify key gaps in
information, and collect additional data to fill these gaps.

Guide and work alongside the ULB personnel in the process of collection and analysis of
the data required for Situation Analysis. Sub-tasks will include:

Obtain base maps, and available secondary data on the citys demographics, service
levels of water and sanitation

Review the available documented and survey result data on sanitation (household
toilets, public/community toilets; collection, conveyance, treatment and disposal of
human excreta through sewer networks or surface drains and household liquid
wastes, with special emphasis on slums).

Review the available documented and survey result data on solid waste (collection,
transportation and disposal including treatment of waste) and collect additional
information.

Collect information on water supply, wastewater generation, collection and disposal,


including proposed sewage collection and treatment schemes, which are being
implemented or planned.

Collect data on municipal finances, (including financial grants available from various
state and national schemes such as ILCS, etc.), especially demand and collection of
water and sewerage/sanitation charges, including connection fees and user charges;
and capital costs and operation and maintenance costs for water and
sewerage/sanitation services, and solid waste.

Collect information on organizational roles and responsibilities, and monitoring and


evaluation arrangements for the delivery of sanitation services.

Collect information on legal framework for providing the sanitation services of the city.

Collect additional data to fill the gaps in the available information.

Identify ongoing and proposed development works

Develop a ward-wise and slum-wise Situation Analysis report, which details the existing
household sanitation arrangements, public sanitary conveniences, wastewater disposal,
solid waste management and water supply. The report shall highlight the deficiencies in
sanitation facilities, which particularly affect women and the urban poor.

The Situation Analysis should make projections of demand for sanitation facilities:

Population in each ward and slum.

Quantity of liquid and solid waste generated from residential population, industries
and public institutions.

Quality of waste and its pollution impact.

Industrial waste and waste from public institutions.

The Situational Analysis should provide an analysis of ULB legal framework and byelaws,
financial analysis of the urban local body, data on key public and environmental health, etc. The
results of the analysis should be presented on a city map. The analysis should also project the
future demand for sanitation services. The report should provide the following schematic maps: (i)
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natural drainages (e.g. rivers, creeks and nallahs), (ii) storm sewers, and (iii) wastewater sewers,
(iv) receiving water bodies (e.g. rivers, lakes, ponds, etc.), (v) sanitation map differentiating
served and un-served areas, and (vi) locational map outlining areas with either an industrial
cluster(s) or industrial park(s) (including the characterization of industries), etc. for presentation
and analytical purposes.
Task 4 - Conduct Ward level Consultations
During the consultations, the Consultant will share the findings of the Situation Analysis with the
residents, elected representatives and other stake holders including City-level Implementation
Committee/Cell for validation of findings and for soliciting their suggestions. The Consultant will
prepare a list of recommendations and decisions arrived at in the consultation meeting.
Task 5 - Preparation of Draft City Sanitation Plan
-

Prepare a draft City Sanitation Plan that is comprehensive and citywide and meets the
objectives of the IUSP with respect to access to sanitation for all, and the safe collection,
transportation, treatment and disposal of both solid and liquid wastes. The plan should
detail out various technological options and their feasibility from the standpoint of
Corporation and other financial resources. The analysis of options should include costs of
capital investments, operation and maintenance, monitoring, and evaluation. The City
Sanitation Plan shall follow the principles outlined in the National Urban Sanitation Policy
and Integrated Urban Sanitation Programme of the Government of Madhya Pradesh.
Specific task leading to the development of CSP are as follows:

List various technological options available in respect of the collection, treatment and
disposal of domestic sewage, wastewater (domestic, industrial and public institutions),
including mix of centralized and decentralized treatment options, solid waste (domestic,
industrial and public institutions), and storm water.

Provide technoeconomic analysis of each option, including feasibility of implementation


and its impact on the institutional and financial capacity of the Corporation.

Based on the above, suggest most the feasible technology option(s) for the city. The
proposed option(s) shall include the financials for capital investment, as well as post
operation & maintenance. The Consultant is expected to ensure that the technology
choice is an all-encompassing solution, including collection, conveyance, treatment and
discharge of wastewater.

Suggest both internal and external sources to fund this option.

Task 6 - Preparation of Implementation Plan


Devise a 20-year horizon implementation plan (short-, medium- and long-term) and an immediate
action plan (1-3 years) that will include a multi-year financial plan for implementing the City
Sanitation Plan in a time-bound manner. The implementation plan shall also contain proposals for
designing and testing of:
-

a sanitation awareness campaign and promotion plan.

Capacity building and training of personnel of GMC, other related agencies, NGOs and
community groups. The Consultant will also devise a plan for orientation and training
programs over the course of implementation.

the steps to implement the aspects of awareness generation, extending access to urban
poor and un-served communities, addressing occupational issues, technology options,
knowledge development, environmental aspects, finance and economics, etc.

Task 7- Preparation of City Sanitation Plan


The City Sanitation Plan should essentially contain the following:
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Introduction, providing information about the ULB


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Sanitation scenario: presenting results of assessment of sanitation issues, such as:

Toilet facilities

Information on safe collection, conveyance, treatment and disposal of solid waste,


wastewater and sewage from toilets and kitchen, and conveyance and disposal of
storm water.

Sanitation Plan: Presenting techno-economically most feasible sanitation plan, with


sufficient technical details and estimates of capital cost and operation & maintenance
cost with a justification for each technology stating its compliance with technical
requirements mentioned in guidelines and recommendations, like those mentioned in the
CPHEEO manual.

Financial analysis and planning, which should include discussion on financial


requirements, fund utilization, details of expenditure, financial model in use, public
awareness and tax structure in respect of the sanitation analysis of the most appropriate
options for a feasible and sustainable sanitation programme.

Realistic implementation plan for a sustainable sanitation programme, which should


provide recommendations on the institutional set up, financial arrangements,
convergence of the various central and state level schemes of sanitation, and
participation of the community and NGOs during implementation.

Task 8 - Conduct City Level Consultation


The draft City Sanitation Plan and Implementation Plan shall be presented before the City
Sanitation Task Force. The discussions should cover the feasibility and appropriateness of the
proposals from the point of view of their implementability in a time-bound manner. The
recommendations of the Committee and other stakeholders should be documented for their
incorporation into the final version of the City Sanitation Plan.
Task 9 - Final City Sanitation Plan
The final version of the City Sanitation Plan should be prepared after incorporating all comments
and suggestions emerging from the City level Consultation.
5. Suggested Team of Consultants
The team of consultants will include the following staffing:
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A Team Leader, preferably a civil engineer/urban planner or equivalent expertise with


experience in citywide urban development and/or infrastructure planning. The Team
Leader will lead the city sanitation planning process and will be responsible for all
deliverables, ensuring good quality standards, which comply with the Guidelines of
Madhya Pradesh regarding Integrated Urban Sanitation Programme. The candidate
should have a post-graduate degree in urban planning or equivalent degree, with at least
12 years of demonstrated experience in citywide planning and working closely with urban
local bodies and urban communities.

Environmental/Sanitary Engineer(s) with experience in planning and design of on


plot/household, as well as public/community sanitation facilities and conveyance,
treatment/re-use and disposal of human excreta and household liquid waste; and
experience in the design and implementation of citywide programs for the collection,
transportation, and treatment and disposal of municipal solid waste. The
Environmental/Sanitary Specialist(s) will be a post-graduate engineer with at least 10
years experience in the planning and design of a broad range of sanitation systems.
Experience in city-level planning and working with urban community groups will be an
advantage.
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A GIS Specialist having at least 5 years of working experience in using latest GIS
softwares in developing city maps showing various functional attributes of city planning.
The candidate should have should have a Bachelor's Degree in Geography,
Cartography, Geodetic Science, and have direct experience of editing in ArcGIS and
Geodatabase environment. Must be familiar with ArcObjects, and ArcSDE in a SQL
Server environment.

A Social Development and Communications Specialist with experience in working with


urban communities in the field of water and sanitation. The candidate should be
postgraduate in the social sciences with at least 7 years of experience in community
mobilization, participatory planning, communication and advocacy. Experience in working
with urban poor communities will be preferred.

Municipal Finance and Institutional Specialist: specialist in municipal finance, institutional


analysis, and governance issues, particularly related to local government agencies. All
bidders shall include this specialist in its technical and financial proposals for the
municipal finance and institutional position.

Field Researchers to assist in data collection and analysis, stakeholder consultations,


and field studies. The field research team shall consist of both sanitary/civil engineers
and social scientists. The engineers should be graduate civil/environmental engineers,
with at least 3 years of experience of working in water supply, sanitation and/or pollution
control in urban local bodies. The social scientists should be post-graduate in social
sciences/economics/ management with at least 3 years of experience of working with
urban infrastructure projects.

6.

Implementation Schedule

Following activities have to be completed within a period of four to six months from the date of
signing MOU depending on population of the city, as per the broad activity chart given below:
S. No
1.
2.
3.

4.
5.
6.
7.
8.

Activities

Months
1 2 3

Organizing planning workshop


Baseline data collection (ward-wise) including updating of data
generated and creating Database/GIS
Situation analysis by wards for needs assessment of sanitation
facilities incorporating ongoing and proposed development works,
and analysis of technological, financial, operational and maintenance
options for planning city wide sanitation programme
Organising (at least) 2 ward level workshops on needs assessment
and technological, financial, operational and maintenance options
City-level workshop on needs assessment
Preparation of Draft City Sanitation Plan
Consultative city-level consultative workshop on draft City Sanitation
Plan
Finalization of City Sanitation Plan

It is expected that the CSPs of small cities are completed within a period about four months and
CSPs of large cities are completed within a period of six months. In exceptional cases, Client may
consider the request of consultant for any extension, if found necessary.
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