UTILITIES

STANDARD COMMERCIAL NSIZE OF GI PIPE FOR WATER SUPPLY:

1 1/3
2 1/2
4
LOCATION FOR CLEAN OUT:
1. any horizontal waste or soil pipe exceeding 15m
2. at upper end of every branch 22.5 & over
ZEOLITE- treatment of hard water
MAIN VENT- principal artery of venting system to which vent branch pipe maybe
connected
COMMON VENT- single vent that ventilates multiple traps of back to back fixture
AIR OUTLET- air generated device to open or close a damper or valve
UTILITIES
.60- elevator width for single door for small commercial and residential
.35- distance of rung type fire escape
2m- min distance of face to face elevators
ULTRAVIOLET TYPE- other type of flame detector other than infrared type
HUMIDSTAT- control device sensitive to degree of moisture in air. Also hygrostat
THERMOSTAT- device installed in electric water heater to detect temperature
WINDING DRUM MACHINE- geared drive machine in w/c suspension ropes are
fastened to and wind on a drum
GUIDE RAILS- track that serves as guide for car and counter weight
IMPEDANCE- resistance in AC system
CONDUCTANCE- reciprocal at resistance
CIRCULAR MILL- .0051
60 CYCLES- frequency of power supplied by Meralco
10 ft- standard length of electric metal conduit
POWER PANEL- another name for distribution panel
AMMETER- device used to measure current flow in electrical circuit
FARAD- unit capacity of a capacitor
SEPTIC TANK: location and features
a. 15 meters away from potable water
b. if theres a public sewer pipe, septic tank is not allowed
c. no septic tank under house

d.
e.
f.
g.
h.
i.

inlets & outlets are submerge

bottom tank should have slope of 1:10 mm towards center
top cover 0.15 m above soil
0.30 m air space
0.50 lower- inlet
0.025 lower- outlet

VOLUME OF SEPTIC TANK

a. min width- 0.90
b. min length- 1.50
c. min depth- 1.20
d. for residential- 0.14 to 0.17 per person
e. 12 persons- not more than 2.0 cum
f. schools, industrial- 0.057 cum per person minimum
0.86 cum maximum
MATERIALS FOR PLUMBING INSTALLATIONS
1. galvanized iron- (G.I) steel pipes
- 15-20 years life span
- deteriorates fast when used for hot water
- corroded w/ alkaline and acid water
- made out of mild steel
2. plastic or synthetic pipe
a. rigid
1. polyvinyl chloride (PVC)
2. chlorinated polyvinyl chloride (cPVC)
3. unplastesized polyvinyl chloride (uPVC)
4. polypropylene (PP)
5. acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS)
6. styrene rubber plastic (SR)
b. flexible
1. polyethylene (PE)- coil form at 30 mts
2. polybutylene (PB)- up to 150 mts long in coil form
3. cast iron pipe- durable
- use for less than 25 storey because water leak due to vibration
2 types:
1. SV- for building installations
2. XV- for underground installation
4. acid resistant cast iron pipe- made of alloy, cast iron & silicon
- installed in chemical labs for acid waste disposal
5. asbestos pipe- made of asbestos fibers & Portland cement
- suitable for embedment on concrete structures
6. bituminous fiber sewer pipe- cheapest and lightest

- for house sewer

7. vitrified clay pipe- made of clay & w/ length of 0.75 m threaded w/ glazed
compound. High resistant to acid & suited in underground
installation. Brittle, cracks easily when laid on unsuitable
ground
8. lead pipe- one of the oldest plumbing material . not recommended to convey
water for human consumption
9. galvanized wrought iron pipes- better than steel pipes for plumbing because it
is more resistant to acid waste
10. brass pipe- most expensive. Made of alloy of zinc & copper mixed 15% :85%
highly suitable for waste & water because of its smooth surface
aside from its high resistance to acids
11. copper pipes- durable material w/c is extremely corrosive resistance. Easiest
to install
Type K- heaviest for underground installation
L- lighter than K, comes in flexible & rigid type
M- thinner & available only in rigid form