Problem 71.

A stone falls freely from rest for 10 s. What is the stones displacement
during this time.
Solution:

This is the free fall motion. The displacement (axis y is pointing downward)
is given by the equation

Then at t=10 s we have:

Problem 72.

A typical atom has a diameter of

. What is this in inches?

Solution:

In this problem we need to use the relation: 1m = 39.37 inch. Then

Problem 73.

A rock is shot up vertically upward from the edge of the top of the building.
The rock reaches its maximum height 2 s after being shot. Them, after barely
missing the edge of the building as it falls downward, the rock strikes the
ground 8 s after it was launched. Find

(a) upward velocity the rock was shot at;

(b) the maximum height above the building the rock reaches; and
(c) how tall is the building?
Disregard air resistance.

Solution:

We have free fall motion of the rock. The equations, which describe the
motion of the rock are the following:

Where

initial velocity,

- initial height (height of the building).

(a) At the maximum height the velocity of the rock is zero. Then from the
second equation we can find the initial velocity (since t= 2s)

(b) Then we can substitute the initial velocity, the traveled time (2 s) into the
first equation and find the maximum height above the building:

(c) We know that after 8 s the rock hits the ground. It means that the position
of the rock at this moment of time is 0. Then we substitute this time and this
position into the first equation and find the height of the building:

Problem 74.

A car going at 10 m/s undergoes an acceleration of

How far did it go when it was accelerating?

for 6 seconds.

Solution:

In this problem we just need to use the equation:

Then at t = 6s we have:

Problem 75.

What is the displacement of a car accelerating from 5 m/s (right) to 10 m/s

(right) in 2.0s?

Solution:

In this problem we need to use two equations which describe the motion
with constant acceleration:

Where

acceleration,

- initial velocity.

Then from the second equation we can find acceleration:

Then from the first equation we can find displacement

Problem 76.

A plane flies 50 degrees east of south for 100 km then 400 km north and
then 20 degrees north of west for 250 km.

Solution:

This problem is easier to solve in terms of components.

The net displacement is the vector sum of three displacements: the first
displacement ( , the second displacement ( ), and the third displacement
( ):

Then we can find the x and y components of the displacement vectors and
finally the net displacement:

Then the magnitude of the net displacement is

Problem 77.

Calculate the hang time of an athlete who jumps a vertical distance of .9

meters considering the acceleration of gravity is

Solution:

Without air resistance we have free fall motion. Then the maximum height
can be related to the traveled distance (from the ground to the maximum
height) by the equation:

where

is the initial velocity.

At the maximum height the velocity is 0. Then

Then

And

The total hang time is the twice of this time: 2*0.42=0.84 s.

Problem 78.

A man is driving at the speed 40 mph when he see an obstacle at distance

300 ft ahead of his position. The driver applies the brakes and decelerates
at
How long does it take him to stop the vehicle? How far from the
obstacle will the driver be when he finally stops?

Solution:

At first we need to convert all the variables into correct units (SI units):

Then we have motion with constant deceleration. Then

The car stops when

then

And

The traveled distance is

Then the distance between the car and the obstacle is

Problem 79.

The highest barrier that a projectile can clear is 20 m, when the projectile is
launched at an angle of 40.0 degrees above the horizontal. What is the
projectile's launch speed?

Solution:

The meaning that the highest barrier the projectile can clear is 20 m is that
the maximum height of the projectile is 20 m.
Since we are interested only in the height of the projectile then we can
consider only the motion of the projectile along the vertical direction (axis y).
Let us introduce the launch speed of the projectile as
component of the initial velocity of the projectile is

. Then the y

................................................(1)
The motion along axis y is a free fall motion and it is described by the
following equations (only two equations are independent):

We know the initial height (y-coordinate) of the projectile:

Then we introduce the final point the point at which the projectile has the
maximum height. We know this height:

We also know that the y-component of final velocity (at the maximum height)
is zero. We substitute these values in the third equation and obtain

From this equation we can find

Then from equation (1) we can find the launch speed of the projectile:

Problem 80.

You travel on the highway at a rate of 60 mph for 1 hour and at 50

mph for 2 hours and 40 mph for 3 hours. What is the total distance you have
traveled? What is your average speed during the trip?

Solution:

We divide the whole trip into three intervals:

(1) travel at a speed of 60 mph for 1 hour.
(2) travel at a speed of 50 mph for 2 hours,
(3) travel at a speed of 40 mph for 3 hours.

For each interval we know speed and time, then we can easily find the
traveled distance (for each interval). The distance is equal to the product of
time and speed (motion with constant velocity):

Then
(1) speed is 60 mph, time is 1 hour. Then

(2) speed is 50 mph, time is 2 hour. Then

(3) speed is 40 mph, time is 3 hour. Then

Then the total traveled distance is

The average speed is defined as the ratio of total traveled distance and the
total traveled time. The total traveled time is

Now we can find the average speed: