COLLEGE OF NURSING

MADURAI MEDICAL COLLEGE

MADURAI.

Health education about

immunization
SUBMITTED TO:

SUBMITTED BY:

Mrs. R.JEYASUNDARI M.Sc(N), M.A, M.Phil

J. ABSAR HUSSAIN

HOD PADIATRIC DEPT.

I YEAR M.SC NURSING

CON, MMC.

Mrs. N.MAHESWARI M.Sc(N)

Faculty in child health nursing.

NAME OF THE STUDENT

Mr. J. ABSAR HUSSAIN

PROGRAMME

M.Sc.(N) II year

SUBJECT

Child Health Nursing

TOPIC

HEALTH EDUCATION ABOUT IMMUNIZATION

DATE

18 . 3 .13

GROUP

Mothers

PLACE

Pediatric Medicine ward, GRH, Madurai

METHOD OF TEACHING

Discussion cum demonstration

NAME OF THE EVALUATOR:

Mrs. R.JEYASUNDARI M.Sc (N), M.A, M.Phil

HOD PAEDIATRIC DEPT.,
Mrs. N.MAHESWARI M.Sc(N)
Faculty in child health nursing ,CON ,MMC,
Madurai

INTRODUCTION
Immunization is a process of protecting an individual from a disease through introduction of live , or killed or
attenuated organisms in the individual system. It is one of the best buys in community health and one of the most cost
effective health interventions. Immunization against vaccine preventable diseases is essential to reduce the child mortality,
and handicapped conditions. It is mass means of protecting the largest number of people from various diseases. It gives
resistance to an infectious diseases by producing or augmenting the immunity. Artificially acquired immunity is developed
by the immunization.

Central objective:

The learners will be able to gain adequate knowledge about immunity& immunization and able to develop desirable
attitudes and skills in applying this knowledge in the practice of nursing in various clinical and community settings.
Contributory objectives:
The learners will be able to;
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.

define immunization & immunity.

explain the types of immunity& immunizing agent.
explain the National Immunization Schedule.
enumerate the vaccines and its administration.
brief out the maintenance of cold chain.
enlist the nurses responsibility of immunization..

S.
No

Time

Contributory
objectives

1 mit

define
Immunity &
immunization.

Content

IMMUNITY
Immunity refers to the ability of the
human body to resist disease agents

Student
teacher
activity
Explain with
the help of
roller board

Learner
activity

evaluation

Listening.

define
immunization.

and their toxins through possession of

antibodies.
IMMUNIZATION.
Immunization is a process of
protecting an individual from a
disease through introduction of live or
killed or attenuated organisms in the
individual system

2mit

explain the
types of
immunity&
Immunizing
Agent.

TYPES
OF
IMMUNITY
&
IMMUNIZATION AGENT.
Explain with
Types of immunity.
the help of
Innate immunity.
chart
Physical barriers - skin and mucous

Answering.

Listening

membranes
Physiological

factors

pH,

temperature and oxygen tension limit

microbial growth
Protein

secretions

complement, interferons etc

lysozyme,

Answering.

What is innate
immunity?

Phagocytic cells macrophages and

polymorphonuclear leucocytes
Acquire immunity.
Associated
antibodies

with
from

presence
another

of

immune

animal or form exposure to the

disease.
it divided in to;
Active immunity.
Natural-subclinical
Artificial-induced by vaccination.
Passive immunity.
Natural-through placental
Artificial-through antiserum injection.

Immunization can be active or

passive.
Active immunization.
Live Attenuated Vaccines
Bacterial-BCG, Typhoid, Plague.
Viral-polio,mumps,
Killed vaccines.
Bacterial-pertusis, cholera,
Viral- Rabies, Influenza, etc.
Toxoid.
Tetanus toxoid, DT.
Passive immunition.
Human sera.
Animal sera.
Combied both active
passive immunization.
Individual immunization.

and

S.
No

Time

Contributory
objectives

Content

Studen
t
teacher

Learner
s activity

Evaluation

activity

S.N
o

2
min

NATIONAL IMMUNIZATION SCHEDULE:

Explain the
AGE
IMMUNIZATION
National
FOR INFANTS:
immunization
At birth
BCG and OPV- o dose
schedule

Time Contributory
objectives

Help
with
ohp

At 6 weeks

DPT-1, OPV 1 and Hepatitis B-1

At 10 weeks

DPT-2, OPV 2 and Hepatitis B-2

At 14 weeks

DPT-3, OPV 3 and Hepatitis B-3

At 9 months

Measles

At 16-24 months

DPT ,OPV and Measles

At 5-6 years

DPT

At 10 and at 16 years

TT

Content

Student
teacher

Learners
activity

listenin
g

evaluation

2mit

Enumerate the
administration
of vaccines and
dosage

BCG

BCG vaccine contains live,

viable, attenuated mycobacteria.
Dose
Infants (12 months of age
and younger): 0.05 mL (0.05
mg)
Children (greater than 12
months of age) and adults:
0.1 mL (0.1 mg)
Route of administration
Reconstituted BCG vaccine
should be administered by
intradermal injection into the most
superficial layers of the skin. The
area over the deltoid muscle is the
preferred administration site.

activity
Help with ppt

listening

Enumerate the
vaccinataion

S.N
o

Time Contributory
objectives

Content

Storage Requirements

Store BCG vaccine in a

refrigerator at +2 C to +8 C. Do not
freeze. Store the reconstituted product
in a refrigerator at +2 C to +8 C and
use within 8 hours. Protect from light.
Common and local adverse events
Intradermal administration of BCG
vaccine usually results in the
development of erythema and either a
papule or ulceration (in about 50%),
followed by a scar at the
immunization site. Keloid formation
occurs in 2% to 4% of vaccine
recipients. Non-suppurative regional
lymphadenopathy occurs in 1% to
10%. Most reactions are generally
mild and do not require treatment

Student
teacher
activity

Learners
activity

evaluation

S.N
o

Time Contributor
y objectives

Content

POLIO VACCINATION :

Oral polio vaccine, sabin

vaccine is a live but attenuated virus.
Storage is best done at 2-10o c. it is
cheaper, easy to administer, helps to
prevent establishment and spread of
wild pathogenic polio virus in the
community. Hence it is described as
community medicine.
Administration :
OPV is administered as 2 drops
directly into the mouth. This should be
followed with the feeding of some
water to ensure absolute ingestion of
the vaccine.
Breast feeding need not be
skipped before and after OPV
administration.

Student
teacher
activity

Learners
activity

evaluation

S.N
o

Time Contributor
y objectives

Content

Pulse polio means simultaneous mass

immunization of all infants and
children under 5 years at a particular
date i.e. National Immunization Day
during winter (usually Dec-Jan)
regardless of their immunization
status. It is over and above the routine
doses of OPV.
Contraindications :
It should be avoided in children
suffering from severe diarrhea and an
acute illness.
Leukemia and other
malignancies
HIV
Adverse reactions:
Mild diarrhea in case
of over dose

Student
teacher
activity

Learners
activity

evaluation

S.N
o

Time Contributor
y objectives

Content

DPT VACCINATION :

DPT (triple) vaccine offers

combined prophylaxis against
diphtheria, pertussis and tetanus. The
vaccine is stored best at a temperature
of 2-10oc.
Administration:
A dose of 0.25 0.5 ml of the
triple vaccine is given deep
intramuscularly over the lateral thigh
or the deltoid.
Contraindications:
Severe reaction to previous DPT
injection
Progressive neurologic disease.

Student
teacher
activity

Learners
activity

Evaluation

Adverse reactions:
Fever and febrile convulsion
Local painful swelling
5

10
mts

enumerate
maintance of
cold chain

Maintance of cold chain.

The cold chain is the
system of transporting and
storing vaccines within the
safe temperature range of
2C to 8C
IMPORTANCE OF COLD CHAIN
Biological products
lose potency with time
Process irreversible and
accelerated if proper storage
conditions are not adhered to.
THE EQIPMENT
Walk in cold room
Deep freezerand ice line
refrigerator
Small freezer
Cold boxes
Vaccine carrier
Day carrier

Explaining
with flannel
graph

listening

Ice packs

S.N
o

Time Contributor
y objectives

Content

Student
teacher

Learners
activity

Evaluation

2mit

Enlist the
nurses
responsibility
for child
immunization

1. Motivation of general people

about the importance of
immunization and its benefits.
2. Estimation of beneficiaries of
the area and identification of
non-participants and dropouts of
immunization.
3. Organization of immunization
clinics at different health
institutions, immunization
camps, out-reach and home
based services.
4. Arrangement and maintenance
of required amount of vaccines
and other necessary equipments
and materials for the particular
immunization center or clinic.

activity
Help with
Handout

Reading and
listening

List out any

two nurses
responsibility

Conclusion:
The ideal vaccines should induce permanent immunity, be free of toxic substances, have minimal side effects, not
produce disease to the recipient and be easy administer. From this health education the client, parents , public know the
importance of immunization.

BIBLIOGRAPHY:

Books :
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.

Achars (1989). Text book of Pediatics,2nd edition orient longman publications anna salai ,madras,
Ghai O.P., Piysh Gupta, Paul. K.K. (2004) Ghai Essential pediatrics 6th edition New Delhi : CBS Publisher
Marilyn J.Hockenberry (2006). Wongs Essentials of pediatric nursing 7th edition New Delhi : Reed Elsevier India.
Suraj Gupte (2009). The short text book of Pediatrics (11th Ed., New Delhi : Jaypee Brothers Medical Publishers.
Marlow(2008). Textbook of pediatric nursing 6th edition Elsevier publishers Philadelphia.
Parul datas pediatric nursing 1st edition saunders publishers.
A.Parthasarathys IAP Textbook of Pediatrics 4th edition Jaypee publishers.
Adele Pillitteri Child Health Nursing Care of the child and family Lippincott publishers.
Broadribbs Introductory Pediatric Nursing 7th edition Lippincott publishers.

Net references:
www.wikipedia.com

S. TI CO CONTEN
N M NTR T
O E IBU
TOR
Y
OBJ
ECT
IVE

defi
IMMUN

TEA LE EV
CH AR AL
ER NE UA
AC R TI
TIV AC ON
ITY TIV
ITY

ne ITY
Immunit
im y refers
to the
mu
ability of
nity the
human
& body to
resist
im disease
agents
mu
and their
niz toxins
through
atio possessi
on of
n antibodi
es.

IMMUN
IZATIO
N
Immuniz

ation is a
process
of
protectin
g an
individu
al from a
disease
through
introduct
ion of
live or
killed or
attenuate
d
organis
ms in
the
individu
al
system
TYPES
OF
IMMUN

ITY
Innate
immunit
y.
Physical
barriers skin and
mucous
membra
nes
Physiolo
gical
factors pH,
temperat
ure and

oxygen
tension
limit
microbia
l growth
Protein
secretion
s

lysozym
e,
comple
ment,
interfero
ns etc

Phagocy
tic cells

macroph
ages and
polymor
phonucl
ear
leucocyt
es
Acquire
immunit
y.
Associat

ed with
presence
of
antibodi
es from
another
immune
animal
or form
exposure
to

the

disease.
Again it
divided

in to;

Active
immunit
y.
Naturalsubclinic
al
Artificia
linduced
by
vaccinati
on.

P
assive
immunit
y.
Naturalthrough
placental
Artificia
lthrough
antiseru
m
injection
.

Visit No.