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Areasandmensurationisatopicdependsentirelyonapplicationofformulas.Ifyouremembertheformula,solving
problemsinthisareaisacakewalk.Foreasylearningandtoremembertheformulasweprovidedthemintoa
simpletable.Beforeyoumoveontohavealookatthesolvedexamples,studythetablesandtrytounderstand
therelevantformula
2DimensionalFigures:
Twodimensionalfigureshaveonlyanytwooflength,breadth,andheight.Theyhaveonlyareasbutnotvolumes.
Perimeterisaunidimensionalmeasure.Ifyouobservecarefully,thepowerofthetermsintheformulasof
perimeteris1,andofthetermsintheareasis2.
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SolvedExamples
1.Ifsidesofatriangleare8cm,15cmand17cmrespectively.Finditsarea.
Areaofthetrianglewhenallthethreesidesaregiven=s(s a)(s b)(s c)wheres =
s=
8 + 15 + 17
=20cm
2
a+b+c
2
2.Twoparallelsidesofatrapeziumare4cmand5cmrespectively.Theperpendiculardistancebetweenthe
parallelsidesis6cm.Findtheareaofthetrapezium.
Areaoftrapeziumwhenheightandtwoparallelsidesaregiven=
1
h (a + b)= x6x(4+5)=27cm 2
2
2
3.Ifperimeterandareaofasquareareequal.Sideofthesquare(incm)is:
Given,(Side) 2=4x(Side)
Therefore,Side=4cm
4.Thediameterofthewheelofavehicleis5metre.Itmakes7revolutionsper9seconds.Whatisspeedofthe
vehicleinkm/h?
5
Radiusofthewheel= metre
2
Distancecoveredin1revolution=Circumferenceofthewheel=2r=2x
Therefore,Distancecoveredinonesecond=2x
Therefore,Speedperhour=2x
22
7
5
2
7
9
18
5
22
7
5
2
7
9
22
7
5
2
metre
metre
=44km/h
5.Theperimeterofarhombusis60cmandoneofitsdiagonalis24cm.Findtheotherdiagonaloftherhombus.
LetABCDistherhombuswhosediagonalsBDandACintersectingatpoint'O'.
1
1
Sideofrhombus= xPerimeter= x60=15cm.
4
4
LetBD=24cm
1
Then,BO= BD=12cm
2
Now,AO= AB 2 BO2 = 15 2 12 2=9
Therefore,AC=2AO=2x9=18cm
6.Afieldis40metrelongand35metrewide.Thefieldissurroundedbyapathofuniformwidthof2.5metreruns
rounditontheoutside.Findtheareaofthepath.
RemembertheformulafortheAreaofpath
=2xWidthx[Length+Breadth+(2xWidth)]
=2x25x(40+35+2x2.5)
=5x(75+5)=400m 2
7.Findareaofuniformpathofwidth2metrerunningfromcentreofeachsideoftheoppositesideofarectangle
fieldmeasuring17metreby12metre.
RemembertheformulafortheAreaofpath
=Widthofpathx(Lengthoffield+Breadthoffield)(Widthofpath) 2
=2x(17+12)(2) 2
=584=54m 2
8.Asquareandarectangleeachhasperimeter60metre.Differencebetweentheareasofthetwofiguresis16
squaremetre.Findlengthoftherectangle.
60
Sideofthesquare= =15metre
4
Differenceinareasofsquareandrectangle=16m 2
Therefore,Increaseanddecreaseindimensions=16=4metre
Therefore,Sidesofrectangleare(15+4)and(154)metre
Therefore,Lengthofrectangle=19metre
9.Findtheradiusofacirclewhoseareaisequaltothesumofareasofthreecircleswithradii8cm,9cm,12cm
respectively.
Letradiusofnewcircleis'R'cm.
ThenR 2=8 2 + 9 2 + 12 2 = 64 + 81 + 144 = 289
Therefore,R 2=289=>R=17cm.
10.Theareoftheringbetweentwoconcentriccircles,whosecircumferencesare88cmand132cmis:
1
1
AreaofRing= 132 2 88 2 =
x(132+88)x(13288)
4
4
1
7
= x220x44=770cm 2
4 22
11.Twopoleswhoseheightsare11metreand5metrestanduprightinafield.Ifthedistancebetweentheirfeetis
8metre,whatisthedistancebetweentheirtops?
Distancebetweenfeetofbigpoleandthatofsmallpole=8metre
Differencebetweenheightsoftwopoles=115=6metre
Distancebetweenthetopsofpoles= 6 2 + 8 2=10metre
12.Findtheareofthelargestcirclethatcanbeinscribedinasquareof14cm,aside.
Sideofthesquare=Diameterofthecircle=14cm
Therefore,Radiusofthecircle=7cm.
22
Areaofthecircle=r 2 =
x7x7=154cm 2.
7
13.Ahorseistiedtooneofthecornersofasquarefieldwhosesideis20metre.Iflengthoftheropeis14metre,
findtheareaofungrazedfield.
Areaofsquarefield=(20m) 2=400m 2
1
Areaofthefieldgrazedbythehorse= r 2
4
1 22
2
= x14x14=154m
4
7
Therefore,Fieldungrazed=(400154)=246m 2
14.Ahorsesaretiedonetoeachcornerofasquarewith14maside,andlengthoftheropeis7m.Findthearea
ofungrazedfield.
Ungrazedarea=AreaofsquareAreaofcircle
22
=14 2 x7x7=196154=42m 2
7
ShortCutMethod:
Radiusofcircle=7m.
Therefore,Ungragedfield=
6
7
7 2=42m 2
MCQ's
1.Arectangularcarpethasanareaof60sq.m.Itsdiagonalandlongersidetogetherequal5timestheshorter
side.Thelengthofthecarpetis:
a.5m
b.12m
c.13m
d.14.5m
CorrectOption:B
Explanation:
Letthelength=pmetresandbreadth=qmetres
Thenpq=60
+ q 2 + p = 5q
(23)
2 120=289 = 17m
3.Aparallelogramhassides60mand40mandoneofitsdiagonalsis80mlong.Then,itsareais:
a.480sq.m
b.320sq.m
c.60015sq.m
d.45015sq.m
CorrectOption:C
Explanation:
AB=60m,BC=40morAC=80m
1
s= (60 + 40 + 80)m = 90m
2
(sa)=30m,(sb)=50mand(sc)=10m
AreaofABC=s(s a)(s b)(s c)
=90 30 50 10m 2 = 30015m 2
Areaof//gmABCD=60015m 2
4.Ifasquareandaparallelogramstandonthesamebase,thentheratiooftheareaofthesquareand
theparallelogramis:
a.greaterthan1
b.equalto1
1
c.equalto
2
1
d.equalto
4
CorrectOption:B
Explanation:
LetABCDbethesquareandABEFbetheparallelogram.
Then,inrighttrianglesADFandBCE,wehaveAD=BC(sidesofasquare)andAF=BE(sidesofparallelogram).
Therefore,DF=CE
[DF 2 = AF 2 AD2 = BE 2 BC 2 = CE 2]
Thus,ADF=BCE
ADF +
ABCF=BCE +
ABCF
AreaofparallelogramABEF=AreaofABCD
5.Inarhombus,whoseareais144sq.cim,oneofitsdiagonalsistwiceaslongastheother.Thelengthofits
diagonalsare:
a.24cm,48cm
b.12cm,24cm
c.62cm,122cm
d.6cm,12cm
CorrectOption:B
Explanation:
1
x 2x = 144 x2 = 144orx=12
2
Lengthofdiagonals=12cm,24cm
6.Thelengthofaropebywhichacowmustbetetheredinorderthatshemaybeabletograzeanareaof9856
sq.m.is:
a.56m
b.64m
c.88m
d.168m
CorrectOption:A
Explanation:
Grazingareaisequaltotheareaofacirclewithradiusr.
22
7
r 2 = 9856
Thenr 2 = 9856
7
22
r=56m
7.Thecircumferencesoftwoconcentriccirclesare176mand132mrespectively.Whatisthedifferencebetween
theirradii?
a.5metres
b.7metres
c.8metres
d.44metres
CorrectOption:B
Explanation:
2R 2r = (176 132)
2(R r) = 44
44 7
(R r) =
= 7m
2 22
8.Thediameterofacircleis105cmlessthanthecircumference.Whatisthediameterofthecircle?
a.44cm
b.46cm
c.48cm
d.49cm
CorrectOption:D
Explanation:
d d = 105 ( 1)d = 105
d=
( )
( )
22
7
15
1 d=105
105 cm=49cm
9.Acircleandasquarehavesamearea.Theratioofthesideofthesquareandtheradiousofthecircleis:
a.:1
b.1:r
c.1:r
d.r:1
CorrectOption:B
Explanation:
x
x2 = r 2 =
r
= : 1
10.Thenumberofroundsthatawheelofdiameter
7
11
mwillmakeingoing4km,is:
a.1000
b.1500
c.1700
d.2000
CorrectOption:D
Explanation:
Numberofrounds=
4 1000
= 2000
22
7
7
11
11.Acircularwireofradius42cmiscutandbentintheformofarectanglewhosesidesareintheratioof6:5.The
smallersideoftherectangleis:
a.30cm
b.60cm
c.72cm
d.132cm
CorrectOption:B
Explanation:
Circumference= 2
22
42 cm=264cm
Lettherectanglesidesare6x,5x.Thencircumferenceis
2 (6x + 5x) = 264orx=12
Smallersideofrecatngle=5x=60cm
12.Ifthediameterofacircleisincreasedby100%,itsareaisincreasedby:
a.100%
b.200%
c.300%
d.400%
CorrectOption:C
Explanation:
()
( )
d
Originalarea=
Newarea=
2d
(
(
= d 2
Increaseinarea= d 2
Increasepercent=
d 2
3d 2
4
d 2
4
)
4
d 2
3d 2
4
100 %=300%
Shortcut:
Youcanuse A + B +
AB
100
%formula.SubstituteA=B=100
13.Iftheradiusofacircleisreducedby50%,itsareaisreducedby:
a.25%
b.50%
c.75%
d.100%
CorrectOption:C
Explanation:
Originalarea= r 2
Neware=
()
r
(
(
r 2
4
r 2
Reductioninarea= r 2
Reductionpercent=
3r 2
4
)
1
r 2
3r 2
4
100 %=75%
Shortcut:
Youcanuse A + B +
AB
100
%formula.SubstituteA=B=50.
14.Ifthecircumferenceofacircleis352metres,thenitsareainm2is:
a.9856
b.8956
c.6589
d.5986
CorrectOption:A
Explanation:
2
22
7
r = 352 r = 352
Area=
22
7
7
22
1
2
= 56m
56 56 m2 = 9856m 2
15.Areaofsquarewithsidexisequaltotheareaofatrianglewithbasex.Thealtitudeofthetriangleis:
x
a.
2
b.x
c.2x
d.4x
CorrectOption:C
Explanation:
x2 =
1
2x2
x horh=
= 2x
2
x
16.Theperimeterofanisoscelestriangleisequalto14cmthelateralsideistothebaseintheratio5:4.Thearea
ofthetriangleis:
1
a. 21cm 2
2
3
b. 21cm 2
2
c.21cm 2
d.221cm 2
CorrectOption:D
Explanation:
Letlateralside=(5x)cmandbase=(4x)cm
5x+5x+4x=14orx=1
So,thesidesare5cm,5cmand4cm
1
Semiperimeter,S= (5+5+4)cm=7cm.
2
(sa)=2cm,(sb)=2cmand(sc)=3cm
Area=7 2 2 3cm 2 = 221cm2
17.Ifthediagonalofasquareisdoubled,howdoestheareaofthesquarechange?
a.Becomesfourfold
b.Becomesthreefold
c.Becomestwofold
d.Noneofthese
CorrectOption:A
Explanation:
1
d2
2
1
1
4
(2d) 2
2
Newareabecomes4fold.
18.Ifthebaseofarectangleisincreasedby10%andtheareaisunchanged,thenthecorrespondingaltitude
mustbedecreasedby:
1
a.9 %
11
b.10%
c.11%
1
d.11 %
9
CorrectOption:A
Explanation:
Letbase=bandaltitude=h.
thenarea=(bh)
Newbase=
( ) ( )
110
b =
100
11
b
10
Letnewaltitude=H
Then,
( )
11
10
b H = bhorH=
h
10
11
Decrease= h
10
1
h =
h
11
11
Decreasepercent=
1
1
1
h 100 %=9 %
11
h
11
Shortcut:
AssumeLengthis10unitsandAltitudeis11Units.NowArea=110
Newlengthis11unitsandNewaltitudeishunits.NowArea=11h
Butgiven110=11h h=10
Sochangeinaltitude=1/11x100=9
1
%
11
19.Thelengthofarectangleistwiceitsbreadth.Ifitslengthisdecreasedby5cmandthebreadthisincreasedby
5cm,theareaoftherectangleisincreasedby75cm 2.Therefore,thelengthoftherectangleis:
a.20cm
b.30cm
c.40cm
d.50cm
CorrectOption:C
Explanation:
Letbreadth=xcmandlength=(2x)cm
Then.(2x5)(x+5)x 2x = 75
2x2 + 5x 25 2x2 = 75or5x=100
orx=20
Length=(2x)cm=40cm.
1
20.Arectanglehas15cmasitslengthand150cm 2asitsarea.Itsareaisincreasedto1 timestheoriginalarea
3
byincreasingonlyitslengthofitsnewperimeteris:
a.50cm
b.60cm
c.70cm
d.80cm
CorrectOption:B
Explanation:
Breadthoftherectangle=
Newarea=
Newlength=
4
3
( )
150
15
cm=10cm
( )
200
10
cm = 20cm
Newperimeter=2(20+10)cm=60cm
21.Thelengthofarectangularroomis4metres.Ifitcanbepartitionedintotwoequalsquarerooms,whatisthe
lengthofeachpartitioninmetres?
a.1
b.2
c.4
d.Datainadequate.
CorrectOption:B
Explanation:
Letthesideofeachnewroom=ymetres.
Then,y 2 = 2x
Clearly,2xisacompletesquarewhenx=2
y 2 = 4ory=2m
22.Thelengthandbreadthofasquareareincreasedby40%and30%respectively.Theareaoftheresulting
rectangleexceedstheareaofthesquareby:
a.42%
b.62%
c.82%
d.Noneofthese
CorrectOption:C
Explanation:
Letthesideofthesquare=100m
Newlength=140m.newbreadth=130m
Increaseinarea=[(140 130) (100 100)]m2=8200m2
Increasepercent=
8200
100 100
100 %=82%
23.Ahall20mlongand15mbroadissurroundedbyaverandahofuniformwidthof2.5m.Thecostofflooringthe
verandahattherateofRs.3.50persq.metreis:
a.Rs.500
b.Rs.600
c.Rs.700
d.Rs.800
CorrectOption:C
Explanation:
x or(3x)metres&xmetresrespectively.
25.Thelengthofarectangleisincreasedby60%.Bywhatpercentwouldthewidthhavetobedecreasedto
maintainthesamearea?
1
a.37
2
b.60%
c.75%
d.120%
CorrectOption:A
Explanation:
Initially,letlength=xandbreadth=y
Let,newbreadth=z.Thennewlength=
8
5
x z=xyorz=
( )
160
100
x =
5y
8
( )
Decreaseinbreadth= y
Decreasepercent=
5y
8
3
8
3
1
1
y 100 %=37 %
8
y
2
8
5
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