Basis of Design

ENFIELD SUBSEA EPIC
Risers and Flowlines Basis of Design
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RECORD OF AMENDMENT
It is certified that the amendments listed below have been incorporated in this copy of the publication.
AMDT
NO
AMENDED
SECTION
PARA
NO
DESCRIPTION OF CHANGES
5.17.3
Typing error corrected
5.17.3
RAO axis system definition corrected
T 5.18.3
Typing error corrected
7.10.5
Wave period sensitivity clarified
Property of Technip Oceania Subsea 7 Enfield Joint Venture (TSEJV). Copyright Technip Oceania Subsea 7 Enfield Joint Venture (TSEJV).
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HOLD'S STATUS SHEET

This revision has the following HOLD's
SECTION
PARA
NO
DESCRIPTION OF HOLD
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
1.0
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ........................................................................................... 7
1.1
Field Overview ........................................................................................................... 7
1.2
Purpose...................................................................................................................... 8
1.3
Applicability ................................................................................................................ 8
2.0
SCOPE....................................................................................................................... 9
2.1
Field Location and Layout .......................................................................................... 9
2.2
Flexible Riser and Flowline System Scope ................................................................ 9
3.0
ABBREVIATIONS AND DEFINITIONS ................................................................... 10
3.1
Abbreviations ........................................................................................................... 10
3.2
Definitions ................................................................................................................ 11
4.0
REFERENCES......................................................................................................... 12
4.1
TSEJV References................................................................................................... 12
4.2
WEL References ...................................................................................................... 13
4.3
Codes and Standards .............................................................................................. 15
5.0
DESIGN DATA AND ASSUMPTIONS .................................................................... 16
5.1
Flexible Pipe Sizes................................................................................................... 16
5.2
Internal Pressure...................................................................................................... 16
5.3
Accidental Over Pressurisation ................................................................................ 18
5.4
Test Pressures ......................................................................................................... 18
5.5
Internal Temperature................................................................................................ 19
5.6
Internal Fluid Density ............................................................................................... 20
5.7
Fluid Composition .................................................................................................... 20
5.8
Slug Loading ............................................................................................................ 22
5.9
Produced Water Composition .................................................................................. 22
5.10
Insulation Requirements .......................................................................................... 22
5.11
Sand Production....................................................................................................... 22
5.12
Chemical Injection.................................................................................................... 23
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5.13
Design Life ............................................................................................................... 24
5.14
Environmental Data.................................................................................................. 24
5.15
Geotechnical Data.................................................................................................... 29
5.16
Marine Growth.......................................................................................................... 30
5.17
Vessel Data.............................................................................................................. 30
5.18
Mooring Line Data.................................................................................................... 34
5.19
Fatigue Wave Data .................................................................................................. 37
5.20
Fatigue Currents ...................................................................................................... 37
5.21
Fatigue Offsets......................................................................................................... 37
5.22
Hydrodynamic Coefficients ...................................................................................... 38
6.0
INTERFACES .......................................................................................................... 40
6.1
Riser Entry Configuration Data ................................................................................ 40
6.2
Riser Interface Connection Specifications ............................................................... 40
6.3
Flowline Tie-In Data ................................................................................................. 41
6.4
Flowline Interface Connection Specifications........................................................... 41
6.5
Ancillary Equipment ................................................................................................. 44
6.6
Installation Tolerances ............................................................................................. 44
7.0
METHODOLOGY..................................................................................................... 45
7.1
Determination of Flexible Pipe Components ............................................................ 45
7.2
Material Selection for the Flexible Pipe Components .............................................. 45
7.3
Pressure and Tension Resistance of the Flexible Pipe............................................ 45
7.4
Hydrostatic Collapse of the Flexible Pipe................................................................. 47
7.5
Crushing Capacity of the Flexible Pipe .................................................................... 48
7.6
Erosion of the Flexible Pipe ..................................................................................... 49
7.7
Annulus Calculations of the Flexible Pipe ................................................................ 49
7.8
Reverse End Cap Effect of the Flexible Pipe ........................................................... 51
7.9
Cathodic Protection of the Flexible Pipe .................................................................. 52
7.10
Riser Configuration Analysis .................................................................................... 53

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7.11
Interference Analysis................................................................................................ 58
7.12
Fatigue Analysis ....................................................................................................... 58
7.13
In-Place Tie-In Connection Analysis ........................................................................ 60
7.14
End Fitting Design.................................................................................................... 61
7.15
Bend Stiffener Design .............................................................................................. 63
7.16
Dropped Objects Impact Resistance........................................................................ 64
7.17
On-Bottom Stability .................................................................................................. 64
APPENDICES
Appendix A
Drawings
Appendix B
FPSO RAOs data
Appendix C
Fatigue Wave Data
Appendix D
Dynamic Analysis Load Case Matrix
Appendix E
Description of Dynamic Analysis Load Cases Titles Signification
Appendix F
Pressure Conversion Calculations
Appendix G
Gas Injection Back Flow Fluid Composition
Appendix H
Sand Erosion Data
Appendix I
Location of Forces on Manifold /PLEM Hubs
Appendix J
Additional Chemical Injection Details
Appendix K
Design Data Sheet for On Bottom Stability
Appendix L
Extreme Riser Connected Motion Details
Appendix M
Riser Fatigue Analysis Methodology
Appendix N
Production Flowrate Details
Appendix O
Riser Column Motions During Disconnection
Appendix P
Referenced Correspondence
Appendix Q
Topside Piping Loads
Appendix R
Slugging Data
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1.0
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
1.1
Field Overview
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WEL is developing the Enfield oilfield, located in permit WA 27 1P, off Australias North
West Cape, using an FPSO and subsea wells.
A ship shaped, double hulled, Suezmax size, disconnectably moored FPSO will be located
approximately 3km to the east of Enfield in approximately 400m water depth, with
processing facilities to handle 100,000 bopd and 140,000 bpd total liquids. These facilities
are sized to accommodate later tie-in of a Notional Field in the vicinity.
The Enfield reservoir will be developed with 5 subsea gas-lifted single leg production wells
(4 horizontal, 1 vertical) and 6 subsea single leg vertical water injection wells.
The area is subject to severe cyclone activity and it has been decided that the FPSO will
use a disconnectable mooring system. The system will comprise an external riser turret
mooring connected to a bow-mounted rigid arm.
Gas produced from the reservoir not needed for fuel will be re-injected into the Enfield
reservoir via two clustered gas injection wells. Crude oil will be exported via a floating hose
into non-dedicated offtake tankers, which will moor in tandem off the stern of the FPSO.
The development area is close to the Ningaloo Marine Park, which is an area of high
environmental significance.
The flexible pipes in question are to operate as production, gas lift, gas injection and water
injection lines. A hybrid Lazy Wave type configuration is the base case for the risers at the
FPSO.
Technip Oceania Subsea 7 Enfield Joint Venture (TSEJV) has been selected for the supply
of the flexible risers, flowlines and umbilicals system which is comprised of but not limited to
the following items:
2 No. 9 Production flexible risers with end fittings.
1 No. 8 Production / Test flexible riser with end fittings.
1 No. 6 Gas Lift flexible riser with end fittings.
1 No. 6 Gas Injection flexible riser with end fittings.
1 No. 10 Water Injection flexible riser with end fittings.
2 No. 9 Production flexible flowlines with end fittings.
1 No. 8 Production / Test flexible flowline with end fittings.
1 No. 6 Gas Lift flexible flowline with end fittings.
1 No. 6 Gas Injection flexible flowline with end fittings.
2 No. 10 Water Injection flexible flowlines with end fittings.
1 No. Dynamic / static EHU
3 No. Infield EHUs
1 No. Sliding bend stiffener per riser (including EHU) for the FPSO end.
1 No. Bend stiffener connector per riser (including EHU) for the hang-off location on the
riser column.
Bend stiffener connector housing and ROV removable caps as appropriate.
1 No. Set of buoyancy modules (including clamps) per riser and EHU.
1 No. Set of bracelet anodes per riser located at the seabed end fitting.
1 No. Set of bracelet anodes per flowline at each end fitting.
Uraduct for all risers except water injection riser and EHU (as required).
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Hold back clamp for each riser / flowline connection and EHU static / dynamic transition
(as required).
Dummy end fitting for each riser top connection.
1 No. Sliding stopper for the bend stiffener on each riser (for installation phase) if
required, to be confirmed during detailed design.
2 No. Test/pulling heads per riser and flowline.
1 No. Abandonment cable per riser, flowline and EHU (as required).
1 No. Set of standard packing rigging per riser, flowline and EHU.
1 No. Set of bend restrictor assembly (as required) for each of the following flowline /
EHU ends:
- Flowlines B, C, D and E and EHUs L and M: at E-DC1
connection.
- Flowlines F and K and EHU L : at E-DC2 connection.
- Flowline G and EHU N: at E-DC4 connection.
- Flowline K and EHUs M and N: at E-DC3 connection.
A field layout drawing is included in Appendix A.
1.2
Purpose
The purpose of this document is to present the engineering design data, methods and
acceptance criteria for the design of the FPSO flexible risers, flowlines and associated
TSEJV supplied equipment for the Enfield Area Development Project. This document shall
be used to highlight any required data that is outstanding and any assumptions made in lieu
of missing data. Data specific to the EHUs is included in reference /A23/.
1.3
Applicability
This document is to be used as the input for the design and analysis of the flexible riser and
flowline system to be supplied by TSEJV to the ENFIELD AREA DEVELOPMENT SUBSEA
EPIC, TSEJV Job No. JA004847, Contract No. 00000148.
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2.0
SCOPE
2.1
Field Location and Layout
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The route layout of the flexible risers, flowlines and EHUs in relation to the FPSO and
wellheads is shown in the drawings included in Appendix A. The locations of main items on
the field are detailed below in Table 2.1.1 (reference /B23/).
Location
FPSO
E-DC1
E-DC2
E-DC3
E-DC4
Easting (m)
189 966
188 003
188 361
186 564
185 450
Northing (m)
7 621 597
7 621 533
7 623 334
7 620 853
7 619 350
Water Depth LAT (m)

396
516
495
551
552
Table 2.1.1 Enfield Field Layout Details

Notes:
a) All coordinates based on GDA 94.
2.2
Flexible Riser and Flowline System Scope

The scope of supply for the flexible risers, flowlines and EHUs is summarised below in
Table 2.2.1 (reference /B1/ data sheet 0201 revision 3). The full scope of supply for the
project is presented in Section 1.1.
Item
WEL Flexible Service Riser / Nominal

Nominal
Item No
Flowline Internal
Length
Diameter
(m)
(Inches)
1 & 2 R2 & R5
Production
Riser
9
2 x 830
3
R4
Production/Test Riser
8
830
4
R3
Gas Lift
Riser
6
830
5
R1
Gas Injection
Riser
6
820
6
R7
Water Injection
Riser
10
815
7&8
B&D
Production
Flowline
9
2060 + 1913
9
C
Production/Test Flowline
8
1911
10
E
Gas Lift
Flowline
6
1853
11
G
Gas Injection Flowline
6
4974
12 & 13 F & K
Water Injection Flowline
10
3051 + 3521
14
R6
EHU
Riser
815
15
A
EHU
Flowline
2202
16 - 18 L, M & N
EHU
2212, 1753,
Flowline
2013
Proposed
Configuration
Hybrid Lazy Wave

Hybrid Lazy Wave
Hybrid Lazy Wave
Hybrid Lazy Wave
Hybrid Lazy Wave
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
Hybrid Lazy Wave
N/A
N/A
Table 2.2.1 Flexible Riser, Flowline and EHU Scope

Notes:
b) Flexible and EHU lengths and configuration presented above are preliminary and
subject to change during detailed design.
c) All risers and flowlines will be rough bore type structures except for the water injection
flowlines which will be smooth bore type structures.
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3.0
ABBREVIATIONS AND DEFINITIONS
3.1
Abbreviations
API
ASB
CAD
DAF
DnV
DP
EHU
EPIC
FAT
FOP
FOW
FPSO
GRV
HAT
Hmax
Hs
ID
LAT
MBR
MFOP
MODU
MOP
MSL
NRV
OST
OTC
PLEM
Poff
QS
RAO
RECE
RP
Rp
RTM
SBM
TBA
TDS
THmax
Tm
TOPL
Tp
TSEJV
Tz
UF
VLS
WEL
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American Petroleum Institute

Above Sea Bed
Computer Aided Design
Dynamic Amplification Factor
Det Norske Veritas
Design Pressure
Electro-Hydraulic Umbilical
Engineering, Procurement, Installation and Commissioning
Factory Acceptance Test
Full of Product
Full of Water
Floating, Production, Storage and Off-Loading Facility
Gas Release Valve
Highest Astronomical Tide
Maximum Single Wave Height
Significant Wave Height
Internal Diameter
Lowest Astronomical Tide
Minimum Bending Radius
Maximum Flowing Operating Pressure
Mobile Offshore Drilling Unit
Maximum Operating Pressure
Mean Sea Level
Non Return Valve
Offshore Strength Test
Offshore Technology Conference
Pipeline End Manifold
Offshore Strength Test Pressure
Quasi-static
Response Amplitude Operator
Reverse End Cap Effect
Recommended Practice
Return Period
Riser Turret Mooring
Single Buoy Moorings
To Be Advised
Technical Data Sheet
Period of Maximum Wave
Spectral Mean Wave Period
Technip Oceania Pty Ltd
Spectral Peak Period
Technip Oceania Subsea 7 Enfield Joint Venture
Average Zero-Crossing Wave Period
Utilisation Factor
Vertical Lay System
Woodside Energy Ltd
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3.2
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Definitions
Touch Down Point
Sag Bend
Hog Bend
Location where the flexible riser touches down onto the seabed.
Section of catenary of the flexible riser located around the lowest
vertical point of the catenary shape (i.e. the closest point to the
seabed).
Highest section of flexible riser supported by the buoyancy modules.
A sketch identifying the locations defined above is included below.
Riser Column
Bend Stiffener
and BSC
Hog Bend
Touch Down Point
Riser Subsea End
fitting including hold
back anchor
Sag Bend
Sketch 3.2.1 Flexible Riser Configuration Definitions
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4.0
REFERENCES
4.1
TSEJV References
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[A1]
Technip Detailed Procedure 04 DTF T 001 Rev 6

Flexible Pipe Design, Selection of Type of Flexible Pipe Structure
[A2]
Technip Detailed Procedure 04 DTF 002 Rev 11

Flexible Pipe Design, Determination of Pipe Components
[A3]
Technip Detailed Procedure 04 PES T 428 Rev 1

"Stress Analysis in Flexible Pipes
[A4]
Technip Detailed Procedure 04 PES T 417 Rev 1

"Guidelines for Design and Analysis of Dynamic Riser Systems
[A5]
Technip Detailed Procedure 04 DIE T 211 Rev 2

"Design of Stiffeners, Design Rules"
[A6]
Technip Detailed Procedure 04 DIE T 111 Rev 1

"End-Fitting Material Selection"
[A7]
TSEJV Document JA004847-CN-3532-0002

Water Ingress Management Plan
[A8]

Flexible Riser End Fitting Design Report
[A9]
TSEJV Document JA004847-REP-3535-0005

Flexible Flowline End Fitting Design Report
[A10]

Flexible Pipe Design Software Description
[A11]

Flexible Riser Dynamic Analysis Report
[A12]
JA004847/TSEJV/WEL-TQ017
Loss of Buoyancy Module
[A13]

On Bottom 3D Stability Methodology
[A14]

Flexible Riser Design Report
[A15]
TSEJV Document JA004847-REP-3535-0003

Flexible Flowline Design Report
[A16]
Missing data: Maximum Flowing Operating Pressures
[A17]
Produced Fluid Composition with Gas Lift
[A18]
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Selection of vessel draft / RAOs set resulting in highest vertical motions for
dynamic and fatigue analysis
4.2
[A19]
Revised Load Case Matrix for Dynamic Analysis (revB)
[A20]

Riser Configuration Assessment Technical Note
[A21]

Flexible Riser Installation Analysis
[A22]
Hydrodynamic Coefficients for Riser Dynamic Analysis
[A23]
DUCO Document 04-06-1836

EHU Basis of Design
[A24]
Interface Agreement TS-SB-010-055

Vessel Fatigue Offset
[A25]

Flexible Flowline Installation Analysis
[A26]
End Fitting Taper for 6 Risers
[A27]
Description of the independent load cases for dynamic analysis
(Note that this includes the non-cyclonic joint occurrence Metocean data).
[A28]
Production Riser OHTC
WEL References
[B1]
Project Basis of Design

Document No: B2500SG7, Revision 9
[B2]
Basis of Design for On-Bottom Stability of Flowlines and Umbilicals

Document No: K2040RX0008, Revision 0
[B3]
RTM Motion Analysis Report

Document No: K4000RG0007, Revision 2
[B4]
Turret and Mooring System Information and Requirements for Subsea Tender
Document No: K4000RG2, Revision 2
[B5]
Final Metocean Design Criteria for the Vincent/Enfield/Laverda Development

Document No: R1119, Revision 4
[B6]
Log of Tenderers Qualifications - Technical

VEPROD-23879-V12-Subsea, Revision M
Anchoring Anchorlegs General Arrangement
Drawing No: K 4060 D S 001 0001, Revision C
[B7]
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[B8]
Riser Column Riser Column General Arrangement

Drawing No: K 4101 D G 001 0001, Revision C
[B9]
Specification for Riser System Analysis

Document No: K2040SX11, Revision 2
[B10]
Specification for Flexible Pipe Design, Manufacture and Installation

Document No: K2040SX12, Revision 2
[B11]
Permissible Loads KC4-10 Hubs & Structure

Document No: IDS-0000021124, Version 01
[B12]
Design of Cathodic Protection Systems for Offshore Pipelines

(Amendments/Supplements to DnV RP B401)
Document No: DEP 30.10.73.32-Gen, July 1996
[B13]
Minutes of meeting 15/04/04

Document No: 29774V2
[B14]

Document No: 29522v1
[B15]
Email dated 13/04/2004 from Steve Buchan included in Appendix P

Document No: N/A
[B16]
Meeting held with Metocean (WNI) on 07/04/04
[B17]
Anchorlegs Length and Anchor Design Loads Calculation

Document No: K4060CS0001, Revision 0
[B18]

Document No: 30132v1
[B19]
Term Head KC4-10, IP, ID10, 10 SPO, R1

Document No: XD-0001005404
[B20]

[B21]

[B22]
Interface item number TS-SB-004-041
[B23]
FPSO East subsea Facilities Layout

Drawing No: SK1580, Revision C
[B24]
Interface item number SB-TS-004-074
[B25]

Document No: 31434
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[B26]
Email dated 28/06/04 from WEL

Reference No: WELS/TSEJV/067: Production and Production Test Line Gas
Density
[B27]

Reference No: WELS/TSEJV/102: Flexible Riser & Flowline Design Review
Close Out Actions
[B28]

Reference No: WELS/TSEJV/065: Additional Metocean Items 1 & 2 (Internal
Wave)
[B29]
Email dated 19/07/04 from SBM

Riser Entry Timehistories
[B30]

Timehistory for Case 1
[B31]

Timehistory for Case 4 and not Case 3
[B32]

Case 2 Timehistories
[B33]

Case 3 Timehistories
[B34]
Correspondence WELS/ TSEJV/154

WEL Comments on Riser and Flowline BOD Rev.0: Shutdowns
Injection (Updated)
[B35]
4.3
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and
Chemical
Correspondence WELS/ TSEJV/155

Riser Condition for Disconnection
Codes and Standards

The following is a list of design codes and standards used in addition to Technips internal
design rules for the design of the flexible pipes and associated equipment.
Ref
No.
S1
Code No.
Title
S3
API RP 17B 3rd Edition,

March 2002
API 17J 2nd Edition,
Effective December 2002
DnV RP B401
S4
DnV RP E305
S5
DnV OS-F101
S2
Recommended Practice for Flexible Pipe

Specification for Unbonded Flexible Pipe Second
Edition
Recommended Practice for Cathodic Protection
Design
Recommended Practice for On-Bottom Stability of
Pipelines
Submarine Pipeline Systems, January 2000
Table 4.3.1 Codes and Standards used for the Flexible Risers and Flowlines Design
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5.0
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DESIGN DATA AND ASSUMPTIONS

This section presents the design data to be used in the engineering of the flexible riser and
flowline system. Data extracted from a reference has been noted whereas data which has
been assumed, interpolated or is missing has been highlighted.
5.1
Flexible Pipe Sizes

The flexible pipe sizes are presented in Table 5.1.1 below (reference /B23/):
Item
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
WEL
Item
No
R2
R5
R4
R3
R1
R7
B
D
C
E
G
F
K
Service
Route Direction
Internal
Diameter
Production 2
Production 1
Production / Test
Gas Lift
Gas Injection
Water Injection
Production 1
Production 2
Production / Test
Gas Lift
Gas Injection
Water Injection
Water Injection
F/L D to FPSO
F/L B to FPSO
F/L C to FPSO
FPSO to F/L E
FPSO to F/L G
FPSO to F/L F
E-DC1 to R5
E-DC1 to R2
E-DC1 to R4
R3 to E-DC1
R1 to E-DC4
R7 to E-DC2
E-DC2 to E-DC3
9 (228.6mm)
9 (228.6mm)
8 (203.2mm)
6 (152.4mm)
6 (152.4mm)
10 (254.0mm)
9 (228.6mm)
9 (228.6mm)
8 (203.2mm)
6 (152.4mm)
6 (152.4mm)
10 (254.0mm)
10 (254.0mm)
Table 5.1.1 Flexible Riser and Flowline Sizes

Notes:
a)
Where F/L means flowline.
5.2
Internal Pressure
The internal pressure requirements for the flexible risers and flowlines are detailed below in
tables 5.2.1, 5.2.2 and 5.2.3 (derived from reference /B1/ data sheet 0614 revision 4, and
reference /A16/).
Item
1&2
3
4
5
6
WEL Item
No
R2 & R5
R4
R3
R1
R7
Service
Production
Production / Test
Gas Lift
Gas Injection
Water Injection
Max Differential
Pressure (Barg)
238
238
237
280
258
Max Internal
Pressure (Barg)
260
260
243
287
296
Table 5.2.1 Risers Design Pressures

Notes:
a)
The pressures presented above were calculated from the data specified by WEL in
full accordance with reference /S5/. The conversion calculations are included in
Appendix F.
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b)
c)
d)
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The maximum differential pressure presented above corresponds to the maximum

differential pressure along the pipe accounting for external hydrostatic pressure,
internal head of fluid at maximum density and maximum wave effect. This is the
pressure used to design the flexible pipe except for the pressure sheath / inner tube
(see note c below).
The maximum internal pressure presented above corresponds to the maximum
absolute design pressure that will be seen along the pipe accounting for internal head
of fluid at maximum density. This pressure is the design pressure used for the design
of the pressure sheath / inner tube only.
The pressures presented for the water injection riser is for the base case of a smooth
bore flowline and rough bore riser.
Item
7&8
9
10
11
12 & 13
WEL Item
No
B&D
C
E
G
F&K
Service
Production
Production / Test
Gas Lift
Gas Injection
Water Injection
Max Differential
Pressure (Barg)
223
223
203
248
258
Max Internal
Pressure (Barg)
270
270
245
291
314
Table 5.2.2 Flowlines Design Pressures

Notes:
a)
The pressures presented above were calculated from the data specified by WEL in
full accordance with reference /S5/. The conversion calculations are included in
Appendix F.
b)
The maximum differential pressure presented above corresponds to the maximum
internal head of fluid at maximum density and maximum wave effect. This is the
design pressure used to design the flexible pipe except for the pressure sheath / inner
tube (see note c below).
c)
The maximum internal pressure presented above corresponds to the maximum
absolute design pressure that will be seen along the pipe accounting for internal head
of fluid at maximum density. This pressure is the design pressure used for the design
of the pressure sheath / inner tube only.
d)
The pressures presented for the water injection flowlines is for the base case of a
smooth bore flowline and rough bore riser.
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Item
WEL Item No
Service
1&2
3
4
5
6
7&8
9
10
11
12 & 13
R2 & R5
R4
R3
R1
R7
B&D
C
E
G
F&K
Production
Production / Test
Gas Lift
Gas Injection
Water Injection
Production
Production / Test
Gas Lift
Gas Injection
Water Injection
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MOP Differential
Pressure
(Barg)
226
226
225
265
241
211
211
191
233
241
MFOP Differential
Pressure
(Barg)
63
63
208
240
223
26
26
174
208
223
Table 5.2.3 Risers and Flowlines Operating Pressures

Notes:
a)
The maximum differential pressures presented above correspond to the maximum
internal head of fluid at maximum density and maximum wave effect.
b)
The pressures presented for the water injection risers and flowlines is for the base
case of a smooth bore flowline and rough bore riser.
c)
As defined in reference /S5/, MOP values include for shut-in pressures. For specific
aspects of the design such as the fatigue assessment of the risers, the MFOP values
are used.
d)
Differential pressures included above are maximum differential pressures.
5.3
Accidental Over Pressurisation

An accidental internal over pressurisation of all flowlines and risers can occur of between
10% and 16% of design pressure for a duration of 15 minutes. The probability of such an
occurrence is 10-2 or less (reference /B1/ data sheet 0614 revision 4).
The pressures to be considered during structure design are different for the overall structure
itself and the pressure sheath thickness. The pressure sheath thickness is determined
using the maximum internal pressure without the 16% overpressure as this is a short term
event only and the sheath thickness is governed by creep which is a long term event. All
other structure design parameters will consider the 16% overpressure to be the design
pressure.
5.4
Test Pressures
For the risers the nominal factory acceptance test (FAT) pressure shall be 1.5 times the
design pressure specified (reference /S2/).
For the flowlines the nominal factory acceptance test (FAT) pressure shall be a minimum of
1.3 times the design pressure specified (reference /S2/) and shall ensure the flowlines have
been tested to a pressure above that seen during an offshore strength test.
Nominal offshore leak test pressure shall be 1.1 times design pressure specified for all
risers and flowlines.
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To allow for the event of damage to the pipe during offshore installation where it is
considered that the structural integrity of the pipe may have been compromised, the pipe
shall be designed to withstand a nominal offshore strength test pressure of 1.25 times the
design pressure specified for all risers and flowlines.
An over pressurisation allowance of 5% shall be applied to the nominal test pressure for
FAT and for offshore tests. This is for calculation purposes only to allow for the fact that
during stabilisation of the required pressures, there may be up to 5% over pressure.
See Appendix F for the test pressures (excluding the 5% over pressurisation) to be
considered for each riser and flowline.
5.5
Internal Temperature
5.5.1
General
The flexible pipes will be subjected to the internal design and operating temperatures
detailed below in Table 5.5.1.1 (reference /B1/ data sheet 0614 revision 4).
Item
WEL
Item No
1 & 2 R2&R5
3
R4
4
R3
5
R1
6
R7
7&8 B&D
9
C
10
E
11
G
12 & 13 F & K
Design Temperature
(oC)
Min
Max
Service
Production
Production/Test
Gas Lift
Gas Injection
Water Injection
Production
Production/Test
Gas Lift
Gas Injection
Water Injection
0a)
0 a)
0
0 a)
0
0 a)
0 a)
0
0 a)
0
70
70
65
65a)
65
70
70
65
65a)
65
Maximum
Operating
Temperature (oC)
65
65
60
60
60
65
65
60
60
60
Table 5.5.1.1 Design and Operating Temperatures

Notes:
a)
See below in sections 5.5.2 and 5.5.3 additional temperature requirements for the
production and gas injection risers and flowlines.
5.5.2
Production Risers and Flowlines

At production start up into a depressurised flowline, the inner wall temperature of the
flowline may be as low as -26 C rising to 0 C after approximately 1 hour (reason for low
temperature is initial gas production). Winter temperature profiles (assuming fully flooded
insulation) for the production and test risers and flowlines are included in Appendix N.
5.5.3
Gas Injection Risers and Flowlines

During gas injection backflow into a depressurised flowline, the inner wall temperature of
the flowline may be as low as -17 C increasing to 0 C after approximately 10 seconds. The
maximum temperature during gas injection backflow shall be 55 C (reference /B1/ data
sheet 0614 revision 4).
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Internal Fluid Density

The internal fluid densities during operation for the flexible risers and flowlines are detailed
below in Table 5.6.1 (reference /B6/, item 262). Water density is taken conservatively as
1026 kg/m3 (reference /B1/ data sheet 0302 revision 2). Note that the internal fluid for the
risers and flowlines for installation (i.e. flooded or empty) will be determined during detailed
installation analysis. If they are installed empty, after installation the risers and flowlines will
be flooded for the offshore pressure testing.
Item
WEL
Item No
Service
Fluid Density
at Manifold /
Well (kg/m3)
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
R2
R5
R4
R3
R1
R7
B
D
C
E
G
F
K
Production 2
Production 1
Production/Test
Gas Lift
Gas Injection
Water Injection
Production 1
Production 2
Production/Test
Gas Lift
Gas Injection
Water Injection
Water Injection
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
371 - 488
391 545
476 - 631
177
205
1026
1026
Fluid Density
at Riser
Seabed End
(kg/m3)
315 - 461
287 - 379
380 - 562
165
189
1026
287 - 379
315 - 461
380 - 562
165
189
1026
1026
Fluid Density
at Top of Riser
(kg/m3)
135 205
123 164
173 260
163
184
1026
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
Table 5.6.1 Internal Fluid Densities

Notes:
a)
See section 7.17.3 for internal fluid details for on bottom stability analysis.
b)
See Appendix D for internal fluid details for the dynamic analysis.
c)
When the riser column is disconnected for any conditions worse than the 50 year
non-cyclonic, the production and production / test risers and flowlines will be
depressurised and the contents will quickly settle out, leaving the upper section gas
filled. The density of the inner fluid at this time will be 1.3 kg/m3 (reference /B26/). All
other risers and flowlines will remain pressurised except for maintenance or in an
emergency (reference / B35/).
5.7
Fluid Composition
5.7.1
Production Fluid
Data as follows (reference /B1/ data sheet 0206 revision 5):
The design composition of CO2 is 5% mol in the gas phase at standard conditions.
The design composition of H2S is to be taken as 25ppm in the gas phase at standard
conditions.
Produced water will occur from year 1. Maximum produced water content 95% (see
data included in Appendix N).
See section 5.9 for details of the produced water pH.
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See Appendix N for details of the production flowrate and temperature (reference /B6/, item
323 and 325).The temperature is to be extrapolated between the years and the
temperatures given for 2020 are to continue to the end of field life (reference /B13/, item 1).
5.7.2
Gas Injection
Data as follows (reference /B1/ data sheets 0206 revision 5 and 0302 revision 2):
The design composition of CO2 is 6.5% mol in the gas phase at standard conditions.
conditions.
The gas is dry, except for the backflow scenario which is detailed below (reference /B1/
data sheets 0206 revision 5 and 0302 revision 2):
Nominal 4 occurrences per year back flowing at 10 MMscf/d with choke fully open (flow
for approx 8 hours)
Nominal 1 occurrence per year back flowing at 10 MMscf/d using choke to pressurise
the flowline and then ramp fully open (charge up time 10 minutes, flow back 8 hours)
Nominal 1 occurrence per year back flowing at 40 MMscf/d with choke fully open (flow
approx 24 hrs)
For fluid composition during back flow, see detail of Enfield 5 exploration well included in
Appendix G.
Wet gas density during backflow is as follows (reference /B27/):
173 kg/m3 at riser top
144 kg/m3 at riser base
5.7.3
Gas Lift
Data as follows (reference /B1/ data sheet 0206 revision 5):
The design composition of CO2 is 6.5% mol in the gas phase at standard conditions.
conditions.
The gas is dry.
5.7.4
Water Injection
The design composition of CO2 is 5% mol at 0.8 barg in the de-gasser unit (reference /B6/,
item 52 and /B13/, item 4).
The design composition of H2S is to be taken as 25ppm at 0.8 barg in the de-gasser unit
(reference /B6/, item 52 and /B13/, item 4).
The operating pressure of the de-gasser unit will be 0.8 barg for 90% of the time and 1.2
barg for 10% of the time (reference /B13/, item 4).
The water injection fluid shall be considered to contain 50 ppb of oxygen for 90% of the time
and 200 ppb of oxygen for 10% of the time. The oxygen content is from the seawater only,
as there is no oxygen in the produced water (reference /B13/, item 9).
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The water injection risers are always full of water during operation apart from an accidental
emptying case during a shut in of the water injection system. This condition may result in a
vacuum in the top section of the riser (reference /B13/, item 7).
5.8
Slug Loading
Slugging loading will be assessed for the production and production / test flowlines and
risers. Slugging data is included in Appendix R.
5.9
Produced Water Composition

The produced water composition is as detailed below in table 5.9.1 (reference /B1/ data
sheet 0302 revision 2). Note that the seawater composition is to be used for waterflood
operations design.
Dissolved Constituent
Iron, Fe (soluble)
Sodium
Potassium
Calcium
Magnesium
Strontium
Barium
Chloride
Carbonate
Bicarbonate
Hydroxide
Sulphate
Nitrate
Seawater
mg/L
<0.5
11000
430
390
1300
8
<2
20000
<1
140
<1
2700
n/a
Table 5.9.1 Enfield-2 Produced Water Composition

The pH of the produced water is between 4.5 and 5.5 (reference /B6/ item 325).
5.10
Insulation Requirements
The insulation requirements, based on internal diameter with flooded insulation annulus
conditions (for the flowlines), for the Production risers and flowlines are as detailed below in
table 5.10.1 (reference /A28/).
Service
9 Production Risers
8 Production / Test Riser
9 Production Flowlines
8 Production / Test Flowlines
U Value (W/m2/ C)
7.05
7.35
6.3
6.6
Table 5.10.1 Insulation Requirements

5.11
Sand Production
The sand production rate for the production risers and flowlines is as follows (reference /B1/
data sheet 0206 revision 5):
Design life = 20 years
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Initial startup of wells: 10-200 lbs of gravel pack and formation sand will be flowed
back during the clean up of individual wells and will be controlled by bean up
procedures. Sand particle size from 0-1200 micron (max size based on gravel size).
Steady state production: 0.5 lbs/1000 bpd with sand size less than 45 micron
Subsequent start up of wells: 1 lbs/1000 bpd with sand size less than 45 micron
During gas injection well back flowing operations sand production rate is 1lb/MMscfpd.
Velocity data as follows (reference /B6/ item 263, data included in Appendix H):
27m/s at riser top
24m/s at 12m radius location in J tube
12m/s at hog bend
10.5m/s on seabed
Maximum flowrates as follows (reference /B6/ item 263, data included in Appendix H):
50640 BPD for the 9 risers and flowlines
36405 BPD for the 8 risers and flowlines
5.12
Chemical Injection
See below for details of chemical injection for each riser and flowline (reference /B34/).
Additional details for chemicals injection are included Appendix J (reference /B34/). All of
these chemicals will be checked for compatibility with the respective risers and flowlines.
TSEJV is to approve all chemicals to be introduced into the risers and flowlines.
5.12.1
Production Flowlines and Risers

Demulsifier is FX2499 or 2500 from Ondeo Nalco. Continuous injection at a rate of
50ppm.
Scale Inhibitor is Nalco EC 6330A. Continuous injection at a rate of 10ppm max (water
production independent).
No corrosion inhibitors will be used.
Methanol (MeOH) injection will be required for hydrate management during production
start-up as follows:
o Cold Start Up (duration > 8hours)
Life of Field Total Cold Start-Ups = 104. MeOH injection rate = 5m3/hr. MeOH per
flowline for 3 hours = 15m3 total per flowline.
MeOH is injected into each of the three main wells, one lined up to each flowline.
MeOH concentration is approx. 0.8% vol. assuming 100,000 bbl/d liquids production.
o Warm Start Up (duration < 8hours)
Life of Field Total Warm Start-Ups = 325. MeOH injection rate = 1.1m3/hr. MeOH for
1 hour = 1.1m3 total.
MeOH is injected into all 5 wells at <0.2% vol. assuming 100,000 bbl/d liquids
production.
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Gas Injection Flowlines and Risers

MeOH injection is nominally required for hydrate management during gas injection
backflow as follows:
o Cold Start Up
Life of Field Total Cold Start-Ups = 104. MeOH injection rate = 0.07m3/hr for gas
backflow for 8 hours nominal (Gas flowrate = 10MMscfd).
o Gas Injection Well Clean-Up (annual)
Life of Field Total G.I. Well Clean-Ups = 20 per G.I. well. MeOH injection rate =
0.28m3/hr for gas backflow for 24 hours nominal per G.I. well (Gas flowrate =
40MMscfd).
5.12.3
Gas Lift Flowlines and Risers

Methanol injection is not required.
5.12.4
Water Injection Flowlines and Risers

Refer to Appendix J for additional chemical injection details.
Methanol injection is not required.
5.13
Design Life
The design life of the flexible riser system is 20 years (reference /B1/ data sheet 0204
revision 1).
5.14
Environmental Data
The 1-year, 10-year, 50-year and 100-year storm conditions shall be used for design of the
riser and flowline systems. Additional directional Metocean data is available and included in
reference /A27/.
The environmental data has been provided in reference /B5/ for the infield location (water
depths of approximately 580m) and for the FPSO location (water depths of approximately
400m). For the risers only the data for the FPSO location will be used. For the flowlines the
most severe data will be used.
Not all the provided environmental data is included in this document. There is a significant
amount of additional data which will be used if required (references /A27/ and /B28/).
The near seabed current will be determined using the 1/7th power law:
V(z) = V(d) * (z/d)1/7
where:
z
V(z)
V(d)
d
=
=
=
=
elevation of interest above seabed, (m).

current speed at elevation z, (m/s).
near-bottom current speed, (m/s).
corresponds to the elevation ASB at which the nearbottom current speed is taken.
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Notes:
a)
See section 5.14.6 for the boundary layer effect for soliton currents.
5.14.1
Water Depth, Tides & Surge

The water depth at the Enfield location is in the range of 400 to 600m (reference /B5/).
The LAT water depths at each location are included below in table 5.14.1.1 (reference
/B23/).
Location
Enfield FPSO
Production Manifold E-DC1
Water Injection PLEM E-DC2
Water Injection PLEM E-DC3
Gas Injection Drill Centre E-DC4
LAT Water Depth (m)

396
516
495
551
552
Table 5.14.1.1 Enfield Location LAT Water Depths

Tide levels are predicted as follows for the Enfield location relative to LAT (reference /B5/):
HAT
MSL
2.1 m
1.0 m
The surge values are given as follows (reference /B5/):

100 year cyclonic high tide
100 year cyclonic low tide
5.14.2
+0.86 m
-0.34 m
Seawater Data
The seawater density is 1026 kg/m3 (reference /B1/ data sheet 0302 revision 2).
The seawater temperature data is included below in table 5.14.2.1 (reference /B1/ data
sheet 0205 revision 3).
Location
Surface
Seabed
Seawater Temperature ( C)
Extreme Minimum
Extreme Maximum
24
30
6
9
Table 5.14.2.1 Seawater Temperature Data
5.14.3
Air Temperature
Maximum air temperature = 31 C (reference /B1/ data sheet 0205 revision 3).
Minimum air temperature = 17 C (reference /B1/ data sheet 0205 revision 3).
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Infield Non-Cyclonic Environmental Data

The omni-directional non-cyclonic wave and current data for the 1 year, 10 year and 50 year
conditions are included below in tables 5.14.4.1 and 5.14.4.2 (reference /B5/). Note that the
currents provided are extreme values and do not occur at the same time. The 1 year, 10
year and 50 year non-cyclonic directional data may be required for the dynamic analysis.
Return Period
Significant Wave Height Hs (m)
Spectral Peak Wave Period Tp (s)
Spectral Mean Wave Period Tm (s)
Average Zero-Crossing Wave Period Tz (s)
Maximum Single Wave Height Hmax (m)
Period of Maximum Single Wave THmax (s)
Philips Parameter
Peakedness Parameter
Sigma A a
Sigma B b
1 year
4.7
11.7
7.5
6.8
8.5
8.6
0.0064
0.8206
0.1140
0.1129
10 year
5.7
12.9
8.3
7.5
10.3
9.5
0.0064
0.8204
0.1140
0.1129
50 year
6.5
13.8
8.8
8.1
11.7
10.2
0.0064
0.8203
0.1140
0.1129
Table 5.14.4.1 Infield Non-cyclonic Wave Data for 1, 10 and 50 year Return Period
Return Period
565m ASB (-15m MSL) V-15 (m/s)
515m ASB (-65m MSL) V-65 (m/s)
455m ASB (-125m MSL) V-125 (m/s)
335m ASB (-245m MSL) V-245 (m/s)
95m ASB (-485m MSL) V-485 (m/s)
5m ASB (-575m MSL) V-575 (m/s)
1 year
1.07
0.90
0.94
0.61
0.45
0.43
10 year
1.22
0.94
1.03
0.67
0.54
0.50
50 year
1.30
0.96
1.08
0.70
0.60
0.53
Table 5.14.4.2 Infield Non-cyclonic Current Data for 1, 10 and 50 year Return Period
5.14.5
FPSO Non-Cyclonic Environmental Data

The omni-directional non-cyclonic wave and current data for the 1 year, 10 year and 50 year
conditions are included below in tables 5.14.5.1 and 5.14.5.2 (reference /B5/). Note that the
currents provided are extreme values and do not occur at the same time. The 1 year, 10
year and 50 year non-cyclonic directional data may be required for the dynamic analysis.
Return Period
Significant Wave Height Hs (m)
Spectral Peak Wave Period Tp (s)
Spectral Mean Wave Period Tm (s)
Average Zero-Crossing Wave Period Tz (s)
Maximum Single Wave Height Hmax (m)
Period of Maximum Single Wave THmax (s)
Philips Parameter
Peakedness Parameter
Sigma A a
Sigma B b
1 year
4.7
11.7
7.5
6.8
8.5
8.6
0.0064
0.8206
0.1140
0.1129
10 year
5.7
12.9
8.3
7.5
10.3
9.5
0.0064
0.8204
0.1140
0.1129
50 year
6.5
13.8
8.8
8.1
11.7
10.2
0.0064
0.8203
0.1140
0.1129
Table 5.14.5.1 FPSO Non-cyclonic Wave Data for 1, 10 and 50 year Return Period
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Return Period
390m ASB (-10m MSL) V-10 (m/s)
340m ASB (-60m MSL) V-60 (m/s)
280m ASB (-120m MSL) V-120 (m/s)
160m ASB (-240m MSL) V-240 (m/s)
65m ASB (-335m MSL) V-335 (m/s)
5m ASB (-395m MSL) V-395 (m/s)
1 year
1.06
0.91
0.94
0.69
0.67
0.57
10 year
1.16
0.96
1.01
0.77
0.73
0.62
50 year
1.22
0.98
1.04
0.81
0.76
0.66
Table 5.14.5.2 FPSO Non-cyclonic Current Data for 1, 10 and 50 year Return Period
5.14.6
Infield Internal Wave / High Frequency Current (Soliton) Environmental Data

The Enfield location is subject to internal wave / high frequency current also known as
solitons. It is understood from reference /B5/ that such phenomenon is not coincident with
cyclonic conditions and is therefore to be analysed in combination with non-cyclonic wave
conditions.
Two types of high frequency events have been identified as being active at the Enfield
location. They include solitons which evolve from the internal tide and propagate generally
across the regional bathymetry and high frequency alongslope currents which emanate
from breaking solitons. High near seabed current velocities are generated from the breaking
solitons and these are significant in terms of on-bottom stability of the flowlines, umbilicals
and on-seabed sections of the risers.
The 100 year return period high frequency along slope currents are not constant but are
time varying events that can be defined in terms of timescale (lengthscale in the direction of
propogation) and crestlength (width of event). The current velocities produced during these
events vary over both the lengthscale and crestlength and therefore are a 3 dimensional
event. For the Enfield location the current velocity distribution along the lengthscale and
crestlength to be used for the 3D stability analysis shall take on a hyperbolic secant
squared shape (reference /B5/). An example of this distribution is included in reference
/A13/. The duration, crestlength and peak velocity of the 100 year high frequency soliton
event are:
Lengthscale (timescale) = 4 minutes (reference /B5/ Appendix T, Scope C)
Crestlength = 500m (reference /B5/ Appendix T, Scope C)
Omni Directional 100 Year return period high frequency current @ 2m above seabed
= 2.02m/s (reference /B5/ Appendix T, Scope A)
Directional soliton currents are included below in tables 5.14.6.1 and 5.14.6.2 for the 1 year
and 50 year conditions respectively (reference /B5/).
Direction (To)
Steady Current at 2m ASB (m/s)
N
0.45
NE
0.45
E
0.45
SE
0.85
S
0.45
SW
0.45
W
0.45
NW
0.68
OMNI
0.85
NW
1.6
OMNI
2.02
Table 5.14.6.1 Infield 1 Year Soliton Steady Current

Direction (To)
Steady Current at 2m ASB (m/s)
N
1.0
NE
1.0
E
1.0
SE
2.0
S
1.0
SW
1.0
W
1.0
Table 5.14.6.2 Infield 50 Year Soliton Steady Current

Notes:
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The data given in table 5.14.6.2 is actually the 100 year soliton data. However, this
is also to be used for the 50 year conditions (reference /B16/).
Omnidirectional soliton steady currents through the water column are to be taken as 0.2m/s
for the 1 year and 50 year conditions respectively (reference /B16/). This is the value to be
used in conjunction with the soliton current. It is assumed that the soliton current reduces
linearly to 0.2m/s between 2m and 5m ASB.
To account for the boundary layer effect the average current velocity acting on the pipe
shall be calculated in accordance with Appendix A, Section A.2 of DnV RP E305 (reference
/S4/).The boundary layer properties associated with the near seabed soliton data is detailed
below (reference /B5/):
Bottom Roughness
Current Reference height ASB
Seabed friction
5.14.7
0.0003 m
2.0 m
0.37
FPSO Internal Wave / High Frequency Current (Soliton) Environmental Data

The Enfield location is subject to internal wave / high frequency current also known as
solitons. It is understood from reference /B5/ that such phenomenon is not coincident with
cyclonic conditions and is therefore to be analysed in combination with non-cyclonic
conditions.
Directional near seabed high frequency soliton steady currents are as per section 5.14.6.
The boundary layer properties associated with the near seabed soliton data is detailed
below (reference /B5/):
Bottom Roughness
Current Reference height ASB
Seabed friction
5.14.8
0.0003 m
2.0 m
0.5
FPSO Cyclonic Environmental Data

Cyclonic conditions are not to be considered for the flowlines due to the water depths at the
Enfield location as the cyclonic currents are not expected to reach through the complete
water column (reference /B5/). Therefore only the FPSO cyclonic environmental data is
provided.
Independent (i.e. extreme values) wave and current data for the 100 year cyclonic
conditions are included below in tables 5.14.8.1 and 5.14.8.2 for the wave and current
respectively (reference /B5/). In order to reduce the amount of load cases to study, the
independent data will be used for the design of the riser system as they are more stringent.
However, if the independent data proves to be too conservative, TSEJV will revert to the
peak wave and peak current data provided in Appendix V of reference /B5/ (i.e. joint
occurrence data).
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Direction (To)
Significant Wave
Height Hs (m)
Spectral Peak Wave
Period Tp (s)
Spectral Mean Wave
Period Tm (s)
Average ZeroCrossing Wave Period
Tz (s)
Maximum Single Wave
Height Hmax (m)
Period of Maximum
Single Wave THmax
(s)
Philips Parameter
Peakedness
Parameter
Sigma A a
Sigma B b
N
5.48
NE
5.60
E
6.82
SE
10.35
S
11.81
SW
11.14
W
7.89
NW
5.80
OMNI
12.12
10.26
10.34
11.12
13.11
13.85
13.52
11.76
10.48
14.00
8.10
8.16
8.78
10.35
10.93
10.67
9.28
8.27
11.05
7.59
7.65
8.23
9.70
10.24
10.00
8.70
7.75
10.36
9.54
9.74
11.87
18.02
20.56
19.39
13.73
10.10
21.09
9.32
9.39
10.10
11.90
12.57
12.27
10.67
9.51
12.71
0.0114
1.73
0.0115
1.75
0.0124
1.92
0.0140
2.24
0.0144
2.33
0.0142
2.29
0.0130
2.04
0.0117
1.78
0.0145
2.35
0.086
0.098
0.086
0.098
0.083
0.096
0.078
0.094
0.077
0.093
0.078
0.093
0.081
0.095
0.085
0.098
0.077
0.093
NW
0.22
0.24
0.20
0.27
0.25
0.48
0.75
0.85
0.94
1.04
OMNI
0.82
1.32
1.48
1.43
1.43
1.59
1.83
1.94
2.07
2.28
Table 5.14.8.1 Extreme 100 Year Cyclonic Wave Data

Direction (To)
276m below MSL V-276 (m/s)
N
0.08
0.18
0.26
0.31
0.30
0.48
0.70
0.80
0.94
1.05
NE
0.38
0.39
0.40
0.42
0.50
0.59
0.87
0.99
1.10
1.19
E
0.49
0.42
0.35
0.38
0.41
0.54
0.79
0.88
0.99
1.10
SE
0.48
0.36
0.32
0.29
0.33
0.67
1.02
1.15
1.28
1.46
S
0.61
0.67
0.71
0.60
0.80
1.17
1.55
1.70
1.86
2.06
SW
0.80
1.30
1.48
1.43
1.43
1.59
1.81
1.90
2.03
2.23
W
0.69
1.12
1.27
0.96
0.73
0.89
1.17
1.26
1.40
1.62
Table 5.14.8.2 Extreme 100 Year Cyclonic Current Data

Notes:
a) For water depths greater than 276m below MSL the 50% excedence measured current
will be used (reference /B15/). From Appendix J of reference /B5/ the current speed is
conservatively estimated as 0.2m/s below 276m.
5.15
Geotechnical Data
The seabed soil properties are defined as carbonate muds and carbonate sands to the west
and east of the central scarp feature respectively. The properties between the riser and
seabed for steady currents are included below in table 5.15.1 (reference /B2/).
Soil
Zone 1 Carbonate Sand
Zone 2 Carbonate Mud
Tide & Drift

0.5
0.4
Soliton
0.5
0.37
Table 5.15.1 Friction factors for Steady Current
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ENFIELD SUBSEA EPIC

The seabed roughness parameter shall be taken as 0.0003 m reflecting a generally soft
granular seabed (reference /B2/).
There are two general soil types prevalent as follows (reference /B2/):
Carbonate muds to the west of the central scarp feature
Carbonate sands to the east of the central scarp feature
It can be seen from the drawings included in Appendix A that the risers are in zone 1 as
defined in table 5.15.1 and the flowlines are in both zones 1 and 2.
5.16
Marine Growth
The marine growth profiles are included below in table 5.16.1. The submerged weight of
hard marine growth is 120 kg/m3. Soft marine growth is neutrally buoyant and has a
compressibility factor of 0.5 (reference /B1/ data sheet 0205 revision 3).
Years
Depth
MSL to -5m
-5m to -70m
-70m to -100m
-100m to -150m
-150m to -600m
10
15
20
Hard Thickness (mm)
38
75
113
150
45
45
68
90
15
26
39
53
1
1
2
2
0
0
0
0
5
0
45
41
4
2
10
15
20
Soft Thickness (mm)
0
0
0
104
104
104
60
60
60
10
10
10
4
6
8
Table 5.16.1 Marine Growth Profiles

5.17
Vessel Data
5.17.1
Vessel Characteristics
A bow mounted Disconnectable Riser Turret Mooring (RTM) system has been selected as
the turret / mooring system for the Enfield FPSO. The RTM system consists of two main
components a rigid arm structure permanently mounted at the vessel bow, and a riser
column structure which is anchored to the seabed by means of 9 anchor legs comprised of
chain and wire rope. The lower end of each anchor leg is connected to an anchor
embedded into the seabed. The rigid arm structure is integrated into the tankers bow by a
special reinforced section of the ships structure. The general arrangement of and naming
convention for the RTM system is included in the drawings in Appendix A.
When the FPSO is connected, the riser column is suspended from the rigid arm structure
via a structural connector. Relative motion between the riser column and the rigid arm is
allowed through a universal joint (for pitch and roll), and a main roller bearing (for
weathervaning).
Disconnection of the riser column is achieved by activating the structural connector which is
incorporated in the mooing system just below the universal joint. After disconnection, the
riser column will float with a freeboard of approximately 6m (reference /B4/).
The riser column is a welded tubular steel column stiffened by internal circumferential ring
frames. The total length of the riser column is approximately 86.5 m (reference /B4). There
is also a central shaft present for storage of the reconnection chain. The central shaft is
assumed to be a maximum of 6m long (reference /B18/, item 12) with a diameter of 0.61m.
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ENFIELD SUBSEA EPIC

J-tubes for the risers and umbilicals will be run through the riser column to the riser column
top deck.
The riser entry point draughts are included below in table 5.17.1.1 (reference /B3/ and
/B22/).
Designation
Riser Draught Disconnected
Riser Draught Loaded
Riser Draught Ballasted
Riser Draught Intermediate
Units
m
m
m
m
Value
74.8
67.8
61.3
65.0
Table 5.17.1.1 Riser Column Data

The FPSO drafts are detailed below (reference /B3/ and /B22/):
Vessel Ballasted Draught
Vessel Fully Loaded Draught
Vessel Intermediate Draught
5.17.2
11m
17.5m
14.7m
Offsets / Excursions
In the connected case, the 50 year non-cyclonic event is the governing environment in
terms of maximum riser motions. The maximum quasi-static (QS) and dynamic (assumed to
include mean offsets, slow drift motion and wave induced offsets) excursions are detailed
below in table 5.17.2.1 (reference /B3/). The riser entry elevations from MSL and riser
column pitch angle are also included. All excursions are given for the intact mooring system.
To account for the damaged mooring system and additional 10m must be added.
Additionally, installation tolerances will be added to the offsets. Sketches from reference
/B3/ which detail the extreme riser connected motions are included in Appendix L. The
extreme motions for the 10 year and 1 year conditions are included in tables 5.17.2.2 and
5.17.2.3 respectively.
Motion
Excursion
Elevation
Angle
QS
Max
QS
Min
Max
QS
Max
Ballasted Draft In-Between

SW / SE Bundle
38.4 m
50.0 m
-57.8 m
-52.0 m
-66.0 m
16.1 deg
22.5 deg
Fully Loaded Draft In-Line

with SW Bundle
26.2 m
35.5 m
-63.0 m
-57.0 m
-69.5 m
19.0 deg
25.5 deg
Table 5.17.2.1 Riser Entry Connected Extreme Motions 50 yr Non-Cyclonic Intact

Mooring
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Motion
Excursion
Elevation
Angle
QS
Max
QS
Min
Max
QS
Max
In-Plane Loading Note a)

In-Line with In-Between SW
SW Bundle
/ SE Bundle
23.1 m
35.2 m
34.7 m
43.7 m
-56.5 m
-57.2 m
-52.2 m
-53.0 m
-63.7 m
-64.1 m
19.1 deg
17.6 deg
21.9 deg
20.0 deg
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Transverse Loading Note b)

In-Line with
In-Between SW
SW Bundle
/ SE Bundle
29.4 m
23.0 m
-57.4 m
-57.4 m
17.3 deg
17.4 deg
-
Table 5.17.2.2 Riser Entry Connected Extreme Motions 10 yr Non-Cyclonic Ballasted

Draft - Intact Mooring
Motion
Excursion
Elevation
Angle
QS
QS
QS
In-Plane Loading Note a)

In-Line with In-Between SW
SW Bundle
/ SE Bundle
17.3 m
28.5 m
-59.2 m
-59.5 m
12.6 deg
11.8 deg
Transverse Loading Note b)

In-Line with
In-Between SW
SW Bundle
/ SE Bundle
27.5 m
19.0 m
-58.9 m
-57.4 m
13.6 deg
17.3 deg
Table 5.17.2.3 Riser Entry Connected Extreme Motions 1 yr Non-Cyclonic Ballasted

Draft - Intact Mooring
Notes:
a)
In-Plane loading: Swell, current and wind are collinear
b)
Transverse loading: Current @90 degrees from swell, wind @ 30 degrees from swell
When the riser column is disconnected due to a cyclonic event approaching (see section
7.10.3 for disconnection conditions), the system reaches a new equilibrium position with a
freeboard of approximately 6m. Maximum riser entry motions for the 100 year cyclonic
conditions are included below in table 5.17.2.4 (reference /B3/). The maximum excursions
are assumed to include mean offsets, slow drift motion and wave induced offsets. Sketches
from reference /B3/ which detail the extreme riser disconnected motions are included in
Appendix L. Extreme riser motions are included in table 5.17.2.5 for the 1 year
disconnected conditions.
Motion
Excursion
Elevation
Angle
QS
Max
QS
Min
Max
QS
Max
Intact Mooring
43.5 m
55.0 m
-75.4 m
-71.0 m
-79.0 m
8.5 deg
20.0 deg
Damaged Mooring
53.5 m
65.0 m
-75.4 m
-71.0 m
-79.0 m
11.5 deg
25.0 deg
Table 5.17.2.4 Riser Entry Disconnected Extreme Motions 100 year Cyclonic
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Motion
Excursion
Elevation
Angle
QS
Max
QS
Min
Max
QS
Max
In-Line with SW Bundle

7.5 m
13.5 m
-74.7 m
-74.0 m
-76.0 m
3.3 deg
8.7 deg
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In-Between SW / SE Bundle
9.5 m
13.0 m
-74.6 m
-73.8 m
-75.9 m
3.5 deg
8.6 deg
Table 5.17.2.5 Riser Entry Disconnected Extreme Motions 1 year Non-Cyclonic

Notes:
a)
In addition, an extra 6m vertical static excursion has to be accounted for in case of
accidental flooding of 1 or 2 compartments.
b)
Additional offsets may be required for less severe storm conditions for both the
connected and disconnected riser column.
c)
Installation tolerances will be added to the offset.
5.17.3
Wave Induced Motions

The RAOs are given at the riser entry point to the riser column. The riser entry RAOs are
derived from a fully coupled Orcaflex model which includes the riser column connected to
the FPSO via a universal joint. The wave motions of the FPSO are transmitted to the riser
column and motions at the riser entry are extracted in the global coordinate system of
Orcaflex. The system layout in the Orcaflex models is rotated such that the swell direction is
always collinear to the X-axis of Orcaflex (see diagram included in Appendix B).
The RAOs to be used for the design of the flexible risers are included in Appendix B for the
ballasted and disconnected conditions of the FPSO for storm conditions (reference /B3/)
and for the ballast draft for the fatigue conditions (reference /A18/). See section 7.12.4 for
further details on the RAOs to be used for fatigue analysis.
The worst case RAOs have been used throughout the analysis whether corresponding to inline or in-between mooring conditions (i.e. environment in line with a mooring or in between
2 moorings). Where RAOs were similar for the two conditions, those corresponding to the
greatest excursions have been supplied (reference /B25/). The effect of the universal joint is
to limit the riser column sway, yaw and roll motions.
All phase angles reported are positive for phase lag, i.e. the response lags the wave, which
is inconsistent with the Deeplines convention which requires a phase lead input. To account
for this all the phase angles are multiplied by -1.
The coordinate system used by the RAO calculation program is the right handed system
with heave positive upwards, surge positive forwards and sway positive to port. This is
consistent with the Deeplines convention.
Timetrace data has also been provided by SBM which eliminates the need for RAOs.
Instead the position of the riser entry is defined at each given time and this defines the
motions of the riser top (references /B29/ t0 /B33/).
5.17.4
Riser Connection to Riser Column

The flexible risers are guided through J-tubes inside the riser column to production piping
situated on the top deck of the riser column, and are supported axially at this elevation.
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The riser bend stiffener connection locations are detailed below in table 5.17.4.1 for all
considered conditions (reference /B3/).
Riser Column Condition
Vessel connected, ballasted
Vessel connected, fully loaded
Vessel Connected, Intermediate
Vessel disconnected
Riser Bend Stiffener Distance below MSL (m)

61.3
67.8
65.0
74.8
Table 5.17.4.1 Riser Bend Stiffener Connection Location Details

5.17.5

The drawings included in Appendix O show the riser column motions during disconnection.
Details are included for disconnection in still water and also under the 50 year non-cyclonic
conditions (reference /B3/).
For disconnection in still water the keel reaches a maximum of -76.2m below mean water
level when the riser column is oscillating from a ballasted position to a still position. This is
only around 1.5m below the free-floating equilibrium position in still water.
For disconnection under the 50 year non-cyclonic conditions the maximum depth reached
by the keel is -75.1m when the riser column disconnects from a fully loaded extreme
position to a free-floating condition. The pitch of the column is also decreasing from +25
degrees (static angle caused by the FPSO excursion) to -18 degrees (wave and current
action onto the riser column and risers combined with the inertia of the riser column) and
then the pitch is fluctuating around a mean position of -5 degrees with an amplitude of 3
degrees.
5.18
Mooring Line Data

The mooring line data has been extracted from reference /B17/. The mooring system is
comprised of 9 legs in 3 groups of three with 120 spacing between each group of lines and
5 spacing between each leg within a group. This leaves large open sectors for the risers
and it also allows good load sharing between the lines in the one line broken condition.
The anchor leg composition is given below in table 5.18.1 (reference /B17/).
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ENFIELD SUBSEA EPIC

Mooring Line Properties
Unit
Component Type
Diameter
Diameter w/sheathing
Nominal Length N bundle leg1
Nominal Length (SE bundle)
Nominal Length SW bundle leg7
Weight in Air
Weight in Water
Axial Stiffness (EA)
mm
mm
m
m
m
m
m
m
m
kg/m
kg/m
MN
Segment 1
Seabed
Segment 2
Middle
Segment 3
Fairlead
Stud less R3
Sheathed Spiral
Strand
68
88
Stud less R3
354
85
346
85
360
85
25.3
19.1
409
142.5
124
645
110
N/A
498
496
495
505
494
496
498
244
213
953
84
N/A
Table 5.18.1 Anchor Leg Composition

Notes:
a)
The nominal length of segment 1 excludes the buried chain length.
The mooring line tie-in configuration parameters at the riser column are given below in
Table 5.18.2. Data has been extracted from references /B7/ and /B8/ which are included in
Appendix A.
Description
Radius between top chain connection and turret centre line
Height of top chain connection point above riser column keel
Nominal anchoring radius from fairlead N Bundle leg 1
Nominal anchoring radius from fairlead SE Bundle leg 4
Nominal anchoring radius from fairlead SW Bundle leg 7
Value
8.53 m
41.5 m
842 m
842 m
844 m
856 m
856 m
856 m
837 m
837 m
838 m
Table 5.18.2 Mooring Line Tie-in Configuration Parameters

The mooring line static tensions are given below in tables 5.18.3 to 5.18.5 (reference /B17/).
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Loading
Condition
Bundle
Horizontal
Tension (kN)
Vertical
Tension (kN)
Total
Tension (kN)
Ballast
FPSO
Connected
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
404
405
405
404
404
405
404
403
404
537
533
527
508
509
509
544
546
549
672
669
665
649
650
651
678
679
682
Angle to
horizontal
( )
53.0
52.8
52.5
51.5
51.5
51.5
53.4
53.6
53.7
Table 5.18.3 Mooring Line Static Tensions Connected & Ballast FPSO
Loading
Condition
Bundle
Horizontal
Tension (kN)
Vertical
Tension (kN)
Total
Tension (kN)
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
354
354
353
353
354
355
353
352
353
491
486
480
465
465
466
496
498
501
605
602
596
583
584
585
609
610
613
Fully Loaded
FPSO
Connected
Angle to
horizontal
( )
54.2
54.0
53.7
52.8
52.8
52.7
54.6
54.7
54.8
Table 5.18.4 Mooring Line Static Tensions Connected & Fully Loaded FPSO
Loading
Condition
Bundle
Horizontal
Tension (kN)
Vertical
Tension (kN)
Total
Tension (kN)
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
305
303
301
302
303
304
301
302
303
444
439
432
420
421
421
446
448
452
538
533
526
517
518
519
538
540
544
FPSO
Disconnected
Angle to
horizontal
( )
55.5
55.4
55.2
54.3
54.2
54.2
55.9
56.1
56.2
Table 5.18.5 Mooring Line Static Tensions Disconnected FPSO
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5.19
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Fatigue Wave Data

The fatigue wave data extracted from reference /B5/ and included in Appendix C has been
condensed to 10 individual wave classes in line with Technip standard procedure for fatigue
analysis of flexible risers. The methodology for this is included in Appendix M. The method
used to condense the data is conservative and may be refined at a later date if reported
fatigue lives for the risers prove to be unacceptable. The scatter diagram gives the
probability of occurrence of the significant wave heights and significant period ranges. From
this data, the method consists of determining the maximum wave heights and associated
period of each wave class.
The proposed fatigue wave class split is detailed below in table 5.19.1.
Wave
Class
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
Hmax
(m)
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
THmax
(s)
6.6
6.7
7.0
7.4
7.7
8.0
8.2
8.3
8.3
8.3
Number of Cycles for 20 years

40,453,303
41,855,472
13,574,131
2,941,801
550,481
96,990
16,953
3,070
574
107
Corresponding
Return Period
1 year
1 year
1 year
1 year
1 year
1 year
1 year
1 year
10 year
10 year
Table 5.19.1 Riser Fatigue Wave Data

Table 2 included in Appendix C demonstrates that the wave direction is predominantly from
the south west. Based on this table the directional split on the number of cycles detailed
below in table 5.19.2 will be considered for each riser.
Item
1
2
3
4
5
6
14
WEL Item
No
R2
R5
R4
R3
R1
R7
R6
Flexible Service
Directional Split for Number of Cycles
Production 2
Production 1
Production/Test
Gas Lift
Gas Injection
Water Injection
EHU
90% transverse 10% far

100% transverse
100% transverse
100% transverse
100% far
100% near
90% transverse, 10% near
Table 5.19.2 Directional Split for Number of Cycles

5.20
Fatigue Currents
The currents to be used for the fatigue analysis are the corresponding 1 year or 10 year
non-cyclonic currents included in section 5.14.5 depending on the return period of the wave
class as shown in table 5.19.1. Directional data is available for use if required.
5.21
Fatigue Offsets
The offsets to be used for the fatigue analysis are the corresponding 1 year or 10 year riser
column offsets depending on the return period of the wave class as shown in table 5.19.1.
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The 1 year and 10 year offsets are detailed below in tables 5.21.1 and 5.21.2 for the
ballasted connected vessel (reference /A24/) for the in line and out of plane conditions
respectively.
1 year Non-Cyclonic
28.5 m
-59.5 m
11.8 deg
Riser Entry QS Excursion

Riser Entry QS Elevation
Riser Entry QS Inclination
10 year Non-Cyclonic
35.2 m
-57.2 m
17.6 deg
Table 5.21.1 In Line Riser Fatigue Offsets

Riser Entry QS Excursion
Riser Entry QS Elevation
Riser Entry QS Inclination
1 year Non-Cyclonic
23.7 m
-58.9 m
13.6 deg
10 year Non-Cyclonic
29.4 m
-57.4 m
17.3 deg
Table 5.21.2 Out of Plane Riser Fatigue Offsets

5.22
Hydrodynamic Coefficients
5.22.1
Riser Hydrodynamic Coefficients

The proposed drag and inertia coefficients to be used for the risers are detailed below in
Table 5.22.1.1 and are as per reference /A22/ except for the axial drag coefficient with
marine growth. This value has been reduced following discussions with WEL and other
industry sources, and as it is still considered conservative there will be no sensitivity on the
axial drag value. The inertia coefficient is defined as 1+ Added Mass.
Normal Drag Coefficient, CDN

Normal Inertia Coefficient, CMN
Axial Drag Coefficient, CDA
Axial Inertia Coefficient, CMA
Riser without Marine

Growth
(Post Installation Cases)
0.70
2.00
0.00
0.00
Riser with Marine

Growth
(Operation Cases)
1.00
1.80
0.10
0.00
Table 5.22.1.1 Riser Drag and Inertia Coefficients

The hydrodynamic coefficients for the buoyancy modules are to be calculated during
detailed design (reference /A11/) as these are dependent on the buoyancy module
dimensions and method of analysis.
As per section 7.10.4, a sensitivity analysis will be conducted on critical load cases
identified during the riser dynamic analysis which will consider an increase in normal drag
coefficients of 5%.
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5.22.2
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Flowline Hydrodynamic Coefficients

The hydrodynamic coefficients to be used for the flowlines are presented below and are in
accordance with reference /S4/:
Lift Force Coefficient,
Inertia Force Coefficient,
Drag Force Coefficient,
Reynolds Number 3 x 105,
Reynolds Number < 3 x 105,
CL = 0.9
CI = 3.29
CD = 0.7
CD = 1.2
The Reynolds Number shall be calculated based on the pipe OD using the average velocity
across the pipe to account for the boundary layer effect in accordance with reference /S4/.
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6.0
INTERFACES
6.1
Riser Entry Configuration Data
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The risers enter the J-tubes at the bottom of the riser column where the bend stiffeners are
attached. The risers are then guided through J-tubes to the top of the riser column where
the tie-in is located. The riser sequence and arrangement on the riser column provided in
drawings included in Appendix A.
The tie-in configuration parameters at the riser entry point to the riser column are included
below in Table 6.1.1 (reference /B3/). A drawing showing the layout is included in Appendix
A.
Item
Service
1
2
3
4
5
6
14
Production
Production
Production / Test
Gas Lift
Gas Injection
Water Injection
EHU
Riser Attachment
Point Elevation
below FPSO Keel
(m)
50.3
50.3
50.3
50.3
50.3
50.3
50.3
Horizontal
Distance from C/L
of Riser Column
(m)
3.335
3.335
3.335
3.335
3.335
3.335
3.335
Nominal
Built-in Angle
to Vertical
(Deg)
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
Table 6.1.1 Tie-In Configuration Data Riser Column

The bending moment and shear force at the base of the bend stiffener functional cone are
transferred to the riser column via bend stiffener connectors.
6.2
Riser Interface Connection Specifications

The proposed riser end termination types are detailed below in Table 6.2.1.
The internal surfaces of all of the riser end fittings are to be clad with Inconel 625 weld
overlay (reference /B10/). All external surfaces are to be Nikaflex treated as per Technip
standard procedure.
Item
1&2
3
4
5
6
Service
Production
Production / Test
Gas Lift
Gas Injection
Water Injection
Riser / Flowline Interface

Termination Type a)
Grayloc Hub
Grayloc Hub
Grayloc Hub
Grayloc Hub
Grayloc Hub
Topside Connection
Termination Type b)
Grayloc Hub 12M91
Grayloc Hub 8GR72
Grayloc Hub 8GR62
Grayloc Hub 8GR62
Grayloc Hub 12M91
Table 6.2.1 Riser End Fitting Termination Schedule

Notes:
a)
Hub types to be confirmed during detailed design (reference /A8/).
b)
Reference /B24/.
Riser topside end fittings will be supplied with 2 GRVs each and will be compatible for tie-in
into the vent pipework. Riser subsea end fittings will each be supplied with 3 gas vent ports
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which are plugged (reference /B10/). The maximum allowable back pressure to the GRVs
will be determined during detailed design (reference /B6/ item 76).
Bolt details are to be confirmed during detailed design.
Loads from the topside piping to the riser end fittings are included in Appendix Q.
The riser mating piping IDs are included below in table 6.2.2.
Item
1&2
3
4
5
6
Service
Production
Production / Test
Gas Lift
Gas Injection
Water Injection
Mating Line ID
230.2
182.6
124.4
139.8
230.2
Table 6.2.2 Riser Mating Piping ID

Notes:
a)
Any differences in internal diameter between flexible pipe and adjacent hard piping
shall be met by the tapering of the flexible pipe end fitting bore (reference /B10/).
b)
The taper for the gas lift and gas injection risers will be taken in the mating hubs to
allow a common end fitting to be used for both (reference /A26/).
6.3
Flowline Tie-In Data

The production and gas lift flowlines will connect into the Production Manifold, E-DC1. The
water injection flowlines will connect into the Water Injection Manifolds, E-DC2 and E-DC3.
The gas injection flowline will connect into the Gas Injection Flow Base, E-DC4.
The height of the connections is approximately 3m for all lines except for the Gas Injection
line which is approximately 2m (reference /B6/, item 3) with an installation tolerance to be
determined during detailed design. For the umbilicals the height is approximately either 3m
or 2m depending on the location and to be determined during detailed design. The
connections are 15 degrees downwards with an installation tolerance on inclination of 5
degrees (see section 6.6).
6.4
Flowline Interface Connection Specifications

The proposed flowline end terminations types are detailed below in Table 6.4.1.
The full bore and face of all of the flowline end fittings and terminations are to be clad with
Inconel 625 weld overlay (reference /B10/). All external surfaces are to be Nikaflex treated
as per Technip standard procedure.
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Item
Service
7&8
9
10
11
12 & 13
Production
Production / Test
Gas Lift
Gas Injection
Water Injection
Flowline
End
Termination
Type at
Riser End
Grayloc Hub
Grayloc Hub
Grayloc Hub
Grayloc Hub
Grayloc Hub
Flowline
Termination Type
at Midline
Connection
(if required)
Grayloc Hub
Grayloc Hub
Grayloc Hub
Grayloc Hub
Grayloc Hub
Flowline End
Termination Type
at Manifold or Drill
Centre Ends
Destec flange
Destec flange
Destec flange
Destec flange
Destec flange
Table 6.4.1 Flowline End Fitting Termination Schedule

Notes:
a)
Hub types and flange sizes to be confirmed during detailed design (reference /A9/).
Each flowline end fitting will be supplied with 2 GRVs (reference /B10/). The maximum
allowable back pressure to the GRVs will be determined during detailed design (reference
/B6/ item 76).
Bolting will be uncoated grade B7 carbon steel and nuts will be uncoated grade 2H carbon
steel, with hardness less than 350HV. This is subject to verification of suitability during
detailed design.
The flowline mating Destec flange IDs are included below in table 6.4.2 (reference /B19/,
/B20/ and /B21/).
Item
1&2
3
4
5
6
Service
Production
Production / Test
Gas Lift
Gas Injection
Water Injection
Destec Flange ID
215.8
182.5
131.7
131.7
215.8
Table 6.4.2 Flowline Mating Piping ID

Notes:
a)
Any differences in internal diameter between flexible pipe and adjacent Destec
flange shall be met by the tapering of the flexible pipe end fitting bore (reference
/B10/).
The maximum permissible loads for the flowlines connection to the Subsea equipment at EDC1, E-DC2, E-DC3 and E-DC4 are included below in tables 6.4.3, 6.4.4 and 6.4.5
(reference /B11/). Note that the loads are indicative as they are the maximums for this
combination only. Actual values obtained must be checked for acceptability during detailed
design.
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Maximum
operation
load
from
flexible
flowlines (345 bar)
Maximum
operation
load
from
flexible
flowlines (345 bar)
Maximum
operation
load
from
flexible
flowlines (345 bar)
Maximum
operation
load
from
flexible
flowlines (345 bar)
Loads Acting
On
Flowline Hub 10
ID (9
production)
Flowline Hub 6
ID (6 gas lift)
Flowline Hub 8
ID (8 production
/ test)
Flowline Hub 10
ID (9
production)
Forces (kN)
FV
FT
FL
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Moments (kNm)
ML
MV
MT
-100
-70
40
15
180
+100
-100
-60
20
30
80
+50
-100
-70
40
15
180
+100
-100
-70
40
15
180
+100
Table 6.4.3 Permissible Loads from Flowlines for E-DC1

Notes:
a)
Loads give small contributions for global design of structure, and are therefore
neglected.
b)
For location of forces and moments acting on Hubs see Appendix I.
c)
Hubs tilted 15 degrees downwards from horizontal.
Loads Acting
On
Maximum
operation Flowline Hub
load
from
flexible 10 ID (10
flowlines (345 bar)
water injection)
FL
Forces (kN)
FV
FT
-100
-70
40
Moments (kNm)
ML
MV
MT
15
180
+100
Table 6.4.4 Permissible Loads from Flowlines for E-DC2 & E-DC3
Notes:
a)
neglected.
b)
c)
Loads Acting
On
Maximum
operation Flowline Hub
load
from
flexible 6 ID (6 gas
flowlines (345 bar)
injection)
FL
Forces (kN)
FV
FT
-100
-60
20
Moments (kNm)
ML
MV
MT
30
80
Table 6.4.5 Permissible Loads from Flowlines for E-DC4
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Notes:
a)
neglected.
b)
c)
6.5
Ancillary Equipment
The flexible riser engineering scope also includes the requirement to provide information to
enable the design of related ancillary equipment. The ancillary equipment will be designed
in accordance with the requirements of reference /B10/ where applicable. This equipment
includes:
Anodes and cathodic protection system
Pull / test heads
Sliding bend stiffeners
Bend stiffener connectors
Bend restrictors (if required for the in-place tie-in connection)
Buoyancy modules including clamps
Uraduct (if required for weight or protection)
Hold back clamp (if required)
Sliding stopper for stiffener per riser (for installation phase) if required
Dummy end fittings
See Document Responsibility Assignment Matrix (DRAM), JA004847-REG-7011-0001 for
document numbers for the above items.
6.6
Installation Tolerances
The tolerances to be used for the design of the flexible riser system are as follows:
+/-3m for the FPSO location.
+/-3m for the riser / flowline connection location.
The flowline connections to the manifolds and drill centres are 15 degrees downwards, but
an inclination of 5 degrees is to be considered for installation tolerances (reference B14/).
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7.0
METHODOLOGY
7.1
Determination of Flexible Pipe Components
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The dynamic flexible risers will be designed and shall be verified in accordance to Technip
internal design rules (reference /A1/ and /A2/). API 17J acceptance criteria will be applied
throughout.
7.2
Material Selection for the Flexible Pipe Components

The dimensions and materials of each layer are determined in accordance with reference
/A2/. Materials will be selected accounting for fluid compatibility, structural capacity and
manufacturing feasibility. The material selection will be based upon existing testing and
qualification data which is in accordance with reference /A2/.
Full consideration will be given to the affect of the pressure and armour wire materials
chosen with respect to corrosion fatigue.
7.3
Pressure and Tension Resistance of the Flexible Pipe

The flexible risers will be checked for resistance to internal and external pressure and
applied tension.
7.3.1
Design Method
The response of the flexible pipe structure to applied tension and pressure is determined
using STRUCTURE / EFLEX program (reference /A10/) which determines stress levels
within each layer.
7.3.2
Design Cases
The design cases detailed below in table 7.3.2.1 will be checked for each riser:
Case
Type
Recurrent
Operations
Extreme /
Abnormal
Operations
Installation
(Functional)
PostInstallation
(Pressure
Test)
FAT
3
4
Internal
Pressure
MOP
Design
Pressure d)
Ambient
Offshore
Strength Test
Pressure
Note a)
FAT
Pressure
Note a)
External
Pressure
Zero
Note b)
Zero
Note b)
Tension
Maximum reported by dynamic analysis load
cases for recurrent operation
cases for extreme and abnormal operations
Zero
Note b)
Zero
Note b)
Maximum tension estimated for installation

Note c)
cases for offshore strength test
Zero
Zero
Table 7.3.2.1 Riser Pressure and Tension Design Cases
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Notes:
a)
FAT and offshore test pressures shall be as per Section 5.4 with 5% over
pressurisation added.
b)
Zero external pressure is a conservative assumption.
c)
The maximum installation tension for each riser will be estimated as follows and
compared to actual installation analysis results (reference /A21/) when these are
known:
Weight of the riser (full or empty to be determined during detailed design) in
the water column (maximum water depth along riser route) and an additional
10m length from the water level to the VLS.
Multiplication coefficient of 1.2 for estimation of the length in the installation
catenary shape.
Dynamic Amplification Factor (DAF) of 1.5 to estimate the vessel motions during
installation.
d)
The design pressure is to include the 10% or 16% over pressure as detailed in
section 5.3.
The design cases detailed below in table 7.3.2.2 will be checked for each flowline:
Case
Type
Recurrent
Operations
Extreme /
Abnormal
Operations
Installation
(Functional)
PostInstallation
(Pressure
Test)
FAT
3
4
Internal
Pressure
MOP
Design
Pressure d)
Ambient
Offshore
Strength Test
Pressure
Note a)
FAT
Pressure
Note a)
External
Pressure
Zero
Note b)
Zero
Note b)
Tension
Maximum reported by tie in and on bottom
stability analysis (reference /A15/)
Zero
Note b)
Zero
Note b)
Maximum tension estimated for installation

Note c)
Zero
Zero
Table 7.3.2.2 Flowline Pressure and Tension Design Cases

Notes:
a)
b)
c)
The maximum installation tension for each flowline will be estimated as follows and
known:
Weight of the flowline (full or empty to be determined during detailed design)
in the water column (maximum water depth along flowline route) and an
additional 10m length from the water level to the VLS.
catenary shape.
installation.
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d)
7.3.3
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section 5.3.
Acceptance Criteria
The utilisation factors within each layer are defined by API 17J, according to the type of
operation.
Case
Type
1
2
3
4
5
Recurrent Operations
Extreme / Abnormal Operations
Installation (Functional)
Post-Installation (Pressure Test)
FAT
API 17J Allowable

Utilisation Factors
Pressure Wires
0.55
0.85
0.67
0.91
0.91
API 17J Allowable

Utilisation Factors
Tensile Wires
0.67
0.85
0.67
0.91
0.91
Table 7.3.3.1 Pressure and Tension Design Cases Allowable Utilisation Factors
7.4
Hydrostatic Collapse of the Flexible Pipe
7.4.1
Design Method
The ultimate hydrostatic collapse capacity of the flexible pipe is determined using the
STRUCTURE and COLLAPSE programs (reference /A10/). The COLLAPSE program is a
Technip in-house program that is able to calculate the collapse pressure of a straight or
curved flexible pipe.
The hydrostatic collapse pressure for the pipe considered in a straight line is reported on
the flexible pipe TDS. In addition, the bent collapse pressure corresponding to the riser
bent to its minimum operational MBR is calculated by the COLLAPSE program. The
calculation assumes the external sheath is breached and that the hydrostatic pressure acts
directly on the pressure sheath. This is a conservative assumption. Note that for the
insulated production and production / test risers and flowlines the calculation assumes that
the hydrostatic pressure acts directly on the intermediate sheath.
7.4.2
Design Parameters
The design parameters are the maximum hydrostatic pressure due to the water column
(inclusive of wave crest) as stated in section 5.14. The pipe will be conservatively assumed
to be empty with atmospheric pressure in the bore in the first instance. In the event that the
required utilisation factors are not met (see section 7.4.3) then the analysis will consider the
minimum product density for operational / disconnected purposes and either partial or full
flooding for installation purposes (see reference /A21/).
7.4.3
Acceptance Criteria
The allowable hydrostatic pressure to which the flexible pipe may be exposed is calculated
by applying an appropriate factor of safety as specified by reference /S2/ on the ultimate
collapse capacity of the pipe. The reference /S2/ utilisation factor is calculated for the rough
bore structures as follows:
UF
D max 300
600
0.18 0.67
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Where Dmax is the maximum water depth including tidal and wave effects.
This will be calculated for each individual flowline and riser during detailed design
(references /A14/ and /A15/).
This calculated value is also to be used for the bent collapse condition when the riser or
flowline is bent to a radius appropriate to the operational or installation conditions (reference
/B6/ item 77).
For smooth bore structures the utilisation factor will be as per table 6 of reference /S2/
(dependent on type of operation) for pressure armours (reference /B6/ item 198).
7.5
Crushing Capacity of the Flexible Pipe

The flexible risers will be analysed for crushing capacity during normal installation and
recovery installation. Normal installation is a functional activity and recovery installation is
an accidental activity as defined by API 17J.
7.5.1
Design Method
The crushing capacity of the flexible line is determined using Technip internal software
PARABAQ (reference /A10/), a customised module of the finite element package ABAQUS.
This software can calculate the stresses induced by a gutter radius and/or tensioners
associated with axial tensile load induced during installation.
The limiting value is the most conservative value of:
a)
b)
Plastification of carcass: When the yield stress is reached in the carcass material
or the pressure vault material (failure is deemed to occur).
Ovalisation: When 2% permanent ovalisation has been reached in the inner
diameter of the carcass.
Whichever of these occurs first determines the maximum allowable tension for the flexible
pipe when installed over an arch or drum of specified radius or driven through a specific
tensioner.
7.5.2
Design Parameters
The flexible risers will be considered for installation using a vertical lay system. Details of
the system and resulting loadings will be confirmed during installation analysis and used to
analyse the flexible pipes (see reference /A21/).
7.5.3
Acceptance Criteria
Crushing capacity calculations are performed for installation purposes. The appropriate API
17J safety factors for the recovery (i.e. 0.85) and installation (i.e. 0.67) phases will be
applied to the ultimate crushing capacity of the pipe to calculate the allowable tension in the
pipe, which will be reported.
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7.6
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Erosion of the Flexible Pipe

There is no production and entrainment of solids specified in the following risers and
flowlines and thus no requirement for an erosion analysis:
Gas Lift
Gas Injection (see note below)
Water Injection
As the production lines contain solids an erosion analysis of the carcass is required for the
Production risers and flowlines. The data included in section 5.11 for the initial start up of
the wells is not considered as it is not a normal operational condition and as such will
generate negligible erosion.
Note:
There is sand in the gas injection risers and flowlines but only for the back flow operations.
This case will not be analysed as it is considered a short term event and as such will
generate negligible erosion.
7.6.1
Design Method
TOPL in-house spreadsheet EROSION (reference /A10/) is used to evaluate the erosion
rate of the carcass layer of the pipe and determine the characteristic of the eroded carcass
strip. The spreadsheet is based on the methodology presented in OTC publication 4485
modified for flexible pipes. Then the COLLAPSE program (reference /A10/) is used to
calculate the new collapse pressure of the flexible structure when the carcass is eroded.
7.6.2
Design Parameters
The design parameters to consider are the sand production data described in Section 5.11.
7.6.3
Acceptance Criteria
The acceptance criterion is that the hydrostatic collapse pressure of the flexible riser with
the eroded carcass should remain below the allowable limits as defined in Section 7.4.3.
7.7
Annulus Calculations of the Flexible Pipe

The steel layers of the flexible pipes (armour and pressure wires) become surrounded by
the gases which diffuse through the pressure sheath or inner tube. It is important to
determine the composition of this gaseous environment to ensure that the steel layers are
not compromised by the presence of CO2, H2S and water in the annulus. Note that this
does not indicate that the pipe can be operated with a damaged external sheath for the field
life. Wire dimensions after corrosion will be assessed to ensure wire stresses do not
exceed the allowable stresses under extreme conditions as specified in API 17J.
Gas diffusion and CO2 corrosion calculations will be performed to ensure the structure
materials are suitable for annulus conditions.
The results of the gas diffusion calculations are also used to determine the annulus
composition for the assessment of corrosion fatigue.
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7.7.1
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Gas Diffusion Calculations

The rate of diffusion of the different gases through the pressure sheath is dependent on the
gas composition in the bore of the flexible pipe, the physical properties of the flexible pipe
layers and the ambient and operating temperatures and pressures. Temperatures in the
flexible pipe layers are computed using the Technip program THERM (reference /A10/).
Gas diffusion calculations are performed using Technip internal program MOLDITM
(reference /A10/). The inputs detailed below in Table 7.7.1.1 will be used for these
calculations (reference /B1/ data sheets 0206 revision 5, 0207 revision 1 and 0614 revision
4).
Item
Service
Maximum
Operating
Pressure c)
1&2
3
4
5
6
7&8
9
10
11
12 & 13
Production
Production/Test
Gas Lift
Gas Injection
Water Injection
Production
Production/Test
Gas Lift
Gas Injection
Water Injection
MFOP
MFOP
MFOP
MFOP
MFOP
MFOP
MFOP
MFOP
MFOP
MFOP
Operating
Temperature
( C)
65
65
60
60
60
65
65
60
60
60
Maximum
CO2
Content in
Gas Phase
(Mol%)
5
5
6.5
6.5
5 a)
5
5
6.5
6.5
5 a)
Maximum
H2S
Content in
Gas Phase
(ppmv)
25
25
25
25
25 b)
25
25
25
25
25 b)
Water
Cut
(%)
0-95
0-95
0
0
N/A
0-95
0-95
0
0
N/A
CH4+C2+ C3
Content in
Gas Phase
(Mol%)
66.7 e)
66.7 e)
93.5 d)
93.5 d)
58.5 d)
66.7 e)
66.7 e)
93.5 d)
93.5 d)
58.5 d)
Table 7.7.1.1 Gas Diffusion Calculations Input

Notes:
a)
The design composition of CO2 is 5% mol at 0.8 barg in the de-gasser unit at
standard conditions (reference /B6/, item 52 and /B13/, item 4).
b)
The design composition of H2S is to be taken as 25ppm at 0.8 barg in the de-gasser
unit at standard conditions (reference /B6/, item 52 and /B13/, item 4).
c)
The MFOP is as per section 5.2.
d)
Unless otherwise stated CO2 and H2S content in gas phase is at standard
conditions.
e)
At operating temperature and pressure.
The results of the gas diffusion are inputs for the Technip in-house program PH (reference
/A10/) to determine the pH of the annulus composition and allow the selection of the
adequate SN curve for the corrosion fatigue assessment (see Section 7.12).
The maximum allowable flow rate of gas through the pressure sheath over the entire length
of flexible must remain below 6 litres / minute per GRV and 90 litres / minute per NRV.
7.7.2
CO2 Corrosion
The net corrosion rate of steel layers of the flexible pipe due to the diffused CO2 combining
with Iron (Fe) and water will be assessed using TOPL internal spreadsheet CORROS1
(reference /A10/). It will be demonstrated that this loss is not sufficient to compromise the
integrity of the steel layers when submitted to the loads they are expected to encounter
during the design life of the flexible risers.
The design cases to be considered are as detailed below in table 7.7.2.1.
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Item
Service
Load Case
Internal
Pressure
(bar)
Tension
(kN)
CO2
Flowrate
(l/m/s)
1&2
Production
Risers
Production/Test
Riser
Gas Lift Riser
Note a)
Note b)
Note a)
Note b)
Note a)
Note b)
Note a)
Note b)
Note a)
Note b)
Note a)
Note b)
Note a)
Note b)
Note a)
Note b)
Note a)
Note b)
Note a)
Note b)
Note c)
Note d)
Note c)
Note d)
Note c)
Note d)
Note c)
Note d)
Note c)
Note d)
Note c)
Note d)
Note c)
Note d)
Note c)
Note d)
Note c)
Note d)
Note c)
Note d)
Note e)
Note e)
Note e)
Note e)
Note e)
Note e)
Note e)
Note e)
Note e)
Note e)
Note e)
Note e)
Note e)
Note e)
Note e)
Note e)
Note e)
Note e)
Note e)
Note e)
3
4
5
6
7&8
9
10
11
12 & 13
Gas Injection
Riser
Water Injection
Riser
Production
Flowlines
Production/Test
Flowline
Gas Lift
Flowline
Gas Injection
Flowline
Water Injection
Flowlines
Table 7.7.2.1 Design Parameters for CO2 Corrosion

Notes:
a)
For recurrent operations, the internal pressure corresponds to the MFOP as
specified in Section 5.2.
b)
For extreme/abnormal operations, the internal pressure corresponds to the
maximum differential design pressure as specified in Section 5.2.
c)
For recurrent operations, the tension to consider for the risers is the maximum
design tension retained for recurrent operations load cases as defined in reference
/A11/. For the flowlines the maximum tie-in tension is used as defined in reference
/A15/.
d)
For extreme/abnormal operations, the tension to consider for the risers is the
maximum design tension retained for extreme/abnormal operations load cases as
defined in reference /A11/. For the flowlines the maximum tie-in tension is used as
defined in reference /A15/.
e)
The CO2 flowrate to consider is the stabilised flowrate of CO2 through the pressure
sheath for a damaged external sheath as defined in reference /A14/ and /A15/ for
the risers and flowlines respectively.
The acceptance criteria is that the flexible risers shall remain compliant with API 17J design
requirement in their end of field life condition, after considering the maximum potential
thickness loss to the armour wires due to CO2 corrosion.
7.8
Reverse End Cap Effect of the Flexible Pipe
7.8.1
Design Method
The combination of hydrostatic pressure causing compression on the ends of the pipe and
flooding of the annulus resulting from a damaged outer sheath creates the potential for bird
caging of the wires due to reverse end cap effect (RECE). Torsion applied to the pipe can
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have similar bird caging effects on the outer armour layer. Design for RECE due to both
compression and torsion of Technip flexible pipes is covered in reference /A3/.
For the Enfield risers and flowlines, RECE will be assessed for compression during
operation and by torsion during installation.
7.8.2
Design Parameters
The design parameters for RECE for operational and installation cases are as detailed
below in Table 7.8.2.1.
Case
Description
Installation
Operation
(Shut Down)
Internal
Pressure
Zero
(conservative
assumption)
Zero
(conservative
assumption)
External
Pressure
Hydrostatic
pressure
Note a)
Hydrostatic
pressure
Note c)
Compression
Twist
Nil
Allowable
torsion to be
calculated
Nil
Note b)
Allowable
compression to
be calculated
Table 7.8.2.1 RECE Design Parameters

Notes:
a)
Hydrostatic pressure corresponding to the maximum instantaneous water level for
the 1-year Rp conditions (see section 5.14).
b)
Flexible riser shall be installed under tension.
c)
Hydrostatic pressure corresponding to the maximum instantaneous water level for
the 100-year Rp conditions (see section 5.14).
d)
If necessary, pressure corresponding to fluid at minimum density shall be used.
7.8.3
Acceptance Criteria
Allowable compression and torsion of the flexible risers and flowlines shall be determined to
satisfy RECE criteria defined in reference /A3/, as follows:
The cumulative radial gap cannot exceed 50% of the thickness of the thinnest
armour layer. (Note that for water depths greater than 500m this criterion is reduced
to 30%).
Tension in each tape must be lower than 30% of the tape breaking strength.
Tension in armour wires does not exceed the allowable for the appropriate condition.
7.9
Cathodic Protection of the Flexible Pipe
7.9.1
Design Method
Half-shell bracelet anodes will be electrically connected to the end fittings and steel armours
of the flexible risers and flowlines. The anodes cathodically protect the flexibles in the event
of damage to the external sheath resulting in exposure of armour wires to seawater or in the
event of damage to the Nikaflex corrosion coating on the end fitting. The anode
requirements are calculated using Technip in-house program PROCAT (reference /A10/) in
accordance with DEP 30.10.73.32 (reference /B12/).
The anodes will be installed offshore during installation.
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7.9.2
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Design Parameters
Design data and assumptions are detailed below in Table 7.9.2.1.
Parameter
Anode material
Design life
Resistivity of seawater
Average annual maximum
seawater temperature at seabed
Anode potential in seawater
Steel protective potential
Current
Initial
density
Mean
(Unburied)
Final
End fitting coating breakdown
Damaged area of external sheath
Anode utilisation factor
Internal fluid temperature
Temperature correction
Data
Aluminium-Zinc-Indium alloy
As per section 5.13
0.27 Ohm.m (reference /S3/ assuming 35% salinity)
As per Section 5.14.2
-1050 mV (wrt Ag/AgCl/Sea Water) (reference /S3/)
-800 mV (wrt Ag/AgCl/Sea Water) (reference /S3/)
130 mA/m2 (reference /S3/)
60 mA/m2 (reference /B12/)
80 mA/m2 (reference /B12/)
100% (reference /B10/)
0.3% - Note a) (reference /B10/)
0.8 (reference /S3/)
Operating temperature (Section 5.5)
1mA/m2/ C above 25 C operating temperature
(reference /S3/)
Table 7.9.2.1 Cathodic Protection Design Parameters

Notes:
a)
The analysis assumes that the external sheath is completely removed over 0.3% of
the riser and flowline length.
The analysis output shall be the weight and number of anodes required at each location for
protecting the flexible risers and flowlines for the design life stated accounting for the
flexibles and end fittings.
7.9.3
Acceptance Criteria
Design shall be accordance with reference /B12/, and the system will be designed for the 20
years field life.
7.10
Riser Configuration Analysis
7.10.1
General
A hybrid lazy wave system has been chosen as the configuration for the Enfield risers. This
system is very similar to a traditional lazy wave system in that the flexible riser has
distributed buoyancy modules and a section of the riser is lying on the seabed. See sketch
included in section 3.2. The difference between the traditional lazy wave system and the
hybrid lazy wave system is that the height of the hog bend is reduced which results in
higher tensions at the riser / flowline connection. These tensions are taken out of the
system by the use of a hold back clamp at the riser / flowline end fitting location, which
prevents the transfer of loads into the flowline. This is detailed further in reference /A20/.
The EHU is also included in the dynamic analysis model.
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7.10.2
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Design Method
Finite element analysis will be performed in accordance to reference /B9/ to determine the
following:
The most effective riser configuration.
The interface loads under different conditions.
To assess the performance of the risers.
To study the risers motions and excursions.
To determine the relevant data for the design of ancillary equipment.
To demonstrate that the full responses of the riser system are within allowable limits
under all loading conditions.
7.10.3
Design Parameters and Analysis Matrices

The dynamic analysis will be carried out to satisfy the matrix included in Appendix D
(reference /A19/) for FAR, NEAR and TRANSVERSE cases defined as follows:
FAR case
NEAR case
TRANSVERSE case
The environmental conditions push the riser top

connection away from the subsea end fitting.
connection towards the subsea end fitting.
connection in a 90 degree direction to the subsea end
fitting. Two directions are considered for the transverse
case (Trans 1 and Trans 2), which are 180 degrees
from each other.
Additionally a case will be studied for the disconnection of the riser column using the data
included in Appendix O.
The vessel draft which gives the most onerous vertical displacements (combination of
vessel draft and motion) is to be used for the dynamic analysis (reference /B6/, item 57).
Therefore the following combination of RAOs and vessel drafts will be used (reference
/A18/):
Disconnected load cases: Survival disconnected RAOs associated with the
disconnected or flooded riser column as appropriate. (Note that the riser column will
be disconnected during installation and for any conditions worse than the 50 year
non cyclonic).
Connected load cases: Survival connected / ballasted draft RAOs associated with
the ballasted draft.
Two tidal condition levels will be considered:
Low water level for the NEAR cases.
High water level for the FAR and TRANSVERSE cases.
The water levels are as follows (see Section 5.14.1):
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High water
level ASB
Low water
level ASB
100 yr Rp
398.1 m
(including storm
surge variation)
395.66 m
(including storm
surge variation)
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50 yr Rp
398.1 m
10 yr Rp
398.1 m
1 yr Rp
398.1 m
396 m
396 m
396 m
Table 7.10.3.1 Water Levels

The seabed is assumed to be flat for the analysis, however the depth will vary for each riser
as detailed below in table 7.10.3.2.
Item
1
2
3
4
5
6
14
WEL Item Number

R2
R5
R4
R3
R1
R7
R6
Service
Production 2
Production 1
Production/Test
Gas Lift
Gas Injection
Water Injection
EHU
Seabed Depth
415
415
415
415
405
396
415
Table 7.10.3.2 Depth for Riser Analysis

The risers will be analysed with the following conditions:
Full marine growth attached (as per Section 5.16) for load cases 1 to 16 and 25 to
28. However, a sensitivity study assuming no marine growth (see section 7.10.5) will
be performed on the most critical cases identified in the Riser Dynamic Analysis
Report (reference /A11/).
No marine growth attached for load cases 17 to 24 as these cases refer to a postinstallation condition (see Appendix D).
Internal fluid to be considered is included in Appendix D. The load cases for which
the risers are to be considered FOP will be analysed for the maximum fluid density
(as per Section 5.6). However, a sensitivity study assuming minimum product
density as per section 5.6 (see section 7.10.5) will also be performed on the most
critical cases identified in the Riser Dynamic Analysis Report (reference /A11/). See
note a) below.
Minimum (end of life) buoyancy for load cases 1 to 16 and 25 to 28 with a sensitivity
study assuming intermediate (short term) buoyancy (see section 7.10.5) to be
performed on the most critical cases identified in the Riser Dynamic Analysis Report
(reference /A11/).
Maximum (initial) buoyancy for load cases 17 to 20 as these cases refer to a post
installation hook up condition.
Intermediate (short term) buoyancy for load cases 21 to 24 as these cases refer to a
post installation hydrotest condition. Note that the hydrotest will be performed after
initial hook up and buoyancy modules lose some of their initial buoyancy upon
immersion and during the first 24 hours after immersion, reaching the intermediate
buoyancy condition.
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Notes:
a) When the riser column is disconnected the production and production / test risers
and flowlines will be depressurised and the contents will quickly settle out, leaving
the upper section gas filled. The density of the inner fluid at this time will be the gas
lift minimum depressurised density which is 1.3 kg/m3 (reference /B26/). However,
the maximum density will still be used as this is conservative and also a real case to
be considered.
b) The gas lift and gas injection lines will remain pressurised at operating pressure.
A description of the load cases titles signification is included in Appendix E.
7.10.4
Riser Modelling
The configuration analysis will be performed using the Deeplines software (reference /A10/).
This has the capability to model beams, bar and cable elements, rigid bodies, seabeds,
hydrodynamic, inertia and environmental effects, and to perform simulations in static, quasistatic and dynamic modes.
The risers will be modelled using beam and cable elements. The riser physical and
mechanical properties are determined using STRUCTURE program (reference /A10/). The
top connection of the riser is modelled as a pinned connection (free to rotate) for the global
analysis. Detailed analysis of the bend stiffener will be carried out as described in Section
7.15.
The output of the dynamic analysis shall provide configurations, lengths as well as angles at
the ends of the risers and curvature along the lines. Resultant maximum tensions will be
used to construct the load cases for stress analysis of the flexible pipes (see Section 7.3.2).
All of the load cases will be analysed using regular wave analysis. Wave heights and
periods are defined in Section 5.14. Time domain simulation will cover at least 5 wave
periods including a ramp up period during which the wave-induced loads are applied
linearly.
Note that critical cases may be subjected to irregular wave analysis if deemed appropriate.
In this case, a simulation period of 120s will be used, centred on the occurrence of the
maximum wave height in a 3-hour storm. The Jonswap parameters defined in Section 5.14
will be used.
7.10.5
Sensitivity Analysis
A number of critical load cases will be selected and subjected to a sensitivity study for
various parameters. The following parameters will be considered:
1.
Wave period - a number of critical load cases will be selected and subjected to a
sensitivity study on the wave period account for wave period variations. For this
study, the wave periods used initially will be modified by 20%.
2.
No marine growth a number of critical load cases will be selected and subjected
to a sensitivity study assuming no marine growth on the risers.
3.
Loss of buoyancy modules a number of critical load cases will be selected and
subjected to a sensitivity study assuming the loss of 1 or 10% of buoyancy modules
(reference /B6/, item 348). The lost buoyancy module location will be considered as
follows:
1st module
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Middle module
Last module
Additionally for the worst riser the loss of buoyancy modules in between these
locations are to be considered (reference /A12/).
4.
Intermediate buoyancy a number of critical load cases will be selected and

subjected to a sensitivity study assuming the intermediate net buoyancy of the
modules. This is to cover the condition of the buoyancy modules immediately after
installation.
5.
Hydrodynamic coefficients a number of critical load cases will be selected and

subjected to a sensitivity study on the hydrodynamic coefficients. The riser and
buoyancy module normal drag coefficient will be increased by 5%.
6.
Product density a number of critical load cases will be selected and subjected to
a sensitivity study assuming the minimum product density. For the production and
production / test risers the minimum product density for each riser will still be taken
as per see note a) of section 7.10.3.
7.
Vessel out of plane to wave a number of critical load cases will be selected and
subjected to a sensitivity study to account for modified RAOs due to the vessel being
out of plane with the offset, current and wave i.e. no longer head seas. The 0.5m/s
cross current RAOs will be used (RAOs included in Appendix B). Note that if it is
evident by inspection that the out of plane RAOs are less severe than the in line
RAOs already provided then this sensitivity analysis will not be carried out.
8.
Out of plane wave and current a number of critical load cases will be selected
and subjected to a sensitivity study to account for the current coming from a different
direction to the wave. The near maximum offset will be considered for the wave in
line with the offset and the current at 90 degrees and 180 degrees to the wave
direction. It will be assumed that the offset direction will be determined by the wave
direction and only the current direction will be modified.
9.
Discrete modelling of buoyancy modules if the MBR in the region of the

buoyancy modules (hog bend as per section 3.2) is near the allowable then a
number of critical load cases will be selected and subjected to a sensitivity study
considering discrete buoyancy modules in the dynamic analysis model.
10.
Zero offset RAO a number of critical load cases will be subjected to a sensitivity
study considering the RAOs provided for the zero offset case.
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Results and Acceptance Criteria

Dynamic analysis results are used as an input to the design of various items as follows:
Riser structural capacity (maximum tension and curvature).
Top end connection interface (tensions).
Bend stiffener (tensions and angles).
Bend stiffener connectors (shear forces and bending moments)
Flexible flowline interface (tensions). Shear forces and bending moments are
calculated during the in-place tie-in connection analysis (see Section 7.13).
Design of hold back clamp (tensions, shear forces and bending moments).
Acceptance criteria are imposed by API 17J and are summarised as follows:
Allowable bend radius (depending on the appropriate safety factor for each
condition) is not compromised at any location along the riser.
Allowable Compression in the riser is not compromised (see section 7.8.2).
Allowable tension and pressure loading (depending on the appropriate safety factor
for each condition) in the riser is not compromised.
7.11
Interference Analysis
The following interferences will be checked during the riser interference analysis using a
number of load cases appropriately selected from the dynamic analysis load case matrix
included in Appendix D. Note that each riser and umbilical will be considered with adjacent
risers and / or umbilicals on both sides.
Riser / riser
Riser / umbilical
Riser / keel
Riser or umbilical / riser column (including central shaft)
Riser / mooring lines
Riser or umbilical sag bend / seabed
If possible interference will be eliminated by modifying the configurations. If this is not
possible then it will be demonstrated that the risers can sustain the clashing without
compromising the technical integrity. If required, some means of external protection will be
applied.
7.12
Fatigue Analysis
In order to calculate the fatigue life of dynamic flexible risers, it is necessary to perform
dynamic analysis to evaluate the variations of both tension and curvature for the fatigue
conditions. The results from these dynamic analyses are used to calculate the service life.
The fatigue analysis will be carried out under fatigue wave conditions (see Section 5.19).
The tension and curvature results from the analysis will be used to evaluate the stresses in
the steel layers.
If the stresses in the steel layers of the flexible pipe are in the fatigue domain, then SN
curves will be used to predict the service life of the risers. The SN curves will be selected
according to the material considered and the riser annulus conditions (see Section 7.7).
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The fatigue life of riser ancillary equipment will be at least 200 years (i.e. cumulative
damage less than 0.1).
7.12.1
Fatigue Analysis Conditions

Fatigue analysis shall be performed for the following conditions for all risers:
1.
2.
3.
Normal operating conditions (dry annulus or diffused water environment)

Abnormal or accidental sea water ingress (without oxygen renewal)
Abnormal or accidental sea water ingress (with oxygen renewal)
Annulus conditions will be calculated defined in section 7.7.

7.12.2
Fatigue Analysis Locations

Fatigue analysis shall determine the adequacy of pressure and tensile wires for the critical
fatigue locations as shown below (see section 3.2 for definitions):
Bend stiffener
Hog bend
Sag bend
Touch down point
In the particular case of the diffused water environment, calculations will be performed to
determine the maximum amount of water that can be diffused into the annulus (see section
7.7) and also to determine if condensation will occur. If condensation does occur, then
fatigue corrosion calculations will be performed at the sag bend and touchdown locations
only. For the bend stiffener and hog bend locations there will be no water present as it will
move away from these areas due to the effect of gravity.
For the hog bend location the effect of the buoyancy module clamps will be considered as
the movement of the armour wires will be restrained in this region.
7.12.3
Fatigue Waves
The fatigue scatter diagram extracted from reference /B5/ and included in Appendix C has
been condensed into 10 individual wave classes in line with standard procedure for fatigue
analysis of flexible risers. The method used to condense the data is conservative and may
be refined at a later date if reported fatigue lives for the risers prove to be unacceptable.
The method used to condense the data is contained in Appendix M. The scatter diagram
gives the probability of occurrence of the significant wave heights and significant period
ranges. From this data, the method consists in determining the maximum wave heights and
associated period of each wave class.
Note that in this case the input is given as Hs and Tz. Tz has been converted to Tp by
multiplying by a factor of 1.41 (reference /B5/, Appendix D).
Fatigue analysis shall be conducted using the LIFE and SLPM programs (reference /A10/).
The input to the fatigue analysis shall be taken from the dynamic analysis of the relevant
sea states.
7.12.4
Design Cases
NEAR, FAR and TRANSVERSE cases will be analysed and factored according to their
proportional occurrence as given in Section 5.19. Riser entry excursions as described in
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Section 5.21 and an intact mooring system shall be used. Wave class distribution shown in
Section 5.19 will be used. The risers are assumed to be full of product (FOP) at maximum
density and the appropriate product density will be applied to the weight of the pipe.
The fatigue analysis will be performed using the ballasted water level and associated RAOs
(reference /A18/). The worst case RAOs will be used throughout the analysis whether
corresponding to in-line or out-of-plane environmental effects. Based on the results of the
riser dynamic analysis, TSEJV will decide which RAOs are to be used (reference /B25/).
Fatigue RAOs are included in Appendix B.
7.12.5
Method of Analysis
A series of regular wave analyses will be performed using the maximum wave height and
associated period for each wave class. Tension and curvature variations will be extracted
for each wave class, for each fatigue sensitive location as detailed in section 7.12.2.
One or more of these locations may be eliminated from further analysis by inspection if it is
evident that they are not critical.
For the identified fatigue sensitive locations, the pressure and tensile armour wires fatigue
will be studied with reference to the properties of the wire material, using the SLPM and
LIFE computer programs (reference /A10/). The internal fluid pressure is the maximum
flowing operating pressure from Table 5.2.3.
To account for the fact that it is not possible to guarantee no welds in the armour wires at
the bend stiffener locations, all fatigue calculations will be performed assuming a reduction
in the number of armour wires. It is proposed to consider one armour wire removed from
each layer, but this approach may be modified depending on the actual welds obtained
during manufacture. This will account for the fact that there may be a weld in this location
that has broken (reference /B6/ item 80).
Wear is not considered, as all the risers will include anti-wear layers.
Results from the fatigue analysis (i.e. tension and curvature variations) will be provided to
the EHU supplier for input to their dynamic analysis software.
7.12.6
Acceptance Criteria
In accordance with API 17J requirements, for the normal operating conditions (case 1 as
per section 7.12.1) the risers shall have a predicted fatigue life of at least 10 times the
design service life specified in Section 5.13.
For the abnormal or accidental sea water ingress conditions (case 2 and 3 as per section
7.12.1) the fatigue life will be predicted and this value used as input to the Water Ingress
Management Plan (reference /A7/).
7.13
In-Place Tie-In Connection Analysis
7.13.1
Design Method
The purpose of the in-place tie-in connection analysis is to check the integrity of the flexible
pipe in the in place geometry between the seabed and the connection flange at the
Manifolds and Drill Centres under the design environmental and operating load conditions.
The pull-in loads will be assessed during the flowline installation analysis (reference /A25/).
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The requirement for bend restrictors for each flowline tie-in will be assessed. The riser /
flowline and flowline midline connections will not require bend restrictors if they are on the
seabed. If the connection is above the seabed then the requirement for bend restrictors will
be checked.
A regular wave analysis combined with current shall be performed to determine the
following for the selected cases:
Interface loads.
Catenary geometry (eg span length).
Pipe curvature.
7.13.2
Design Parameters
The following design parameters also considered for the in-place tie-in connection analysis:
Tie-in height and declination at the Manifolds and Drill Centres shall be as per
Section 6.3 with a tolerance on elevation of the flange.
Hydrodynamic coefficients shall be as specified in Section 5.22.2.
The bending stiffness in the short term (no creep) and long term creep condition is to
be considered.
The weight of anodes on the flexible flowlines will be accounted for to calculate the
loads at the tie-in flange connection.
7.13.3
Acceptance Criteria
The tie-in geometry minimum bend radius shall be compliant with design criteria of API 17J.
If however this criteria is not achieved, then mechanical restraint of the bending must be
applied (eg use of bend restrictor).
Reactions at the tie-in location shall be used to confirm flange ratings and provided as an
interface to Manifolds and Drill Centres design contractor.
7.14
End Fitting Design
7.14.1
Design Method
Each end fitting is designed to withstand an internal pressure equal to the bursting pressure
of the flexible pipe to which it is attached.
Materials for the end fitting are chosen with full consideration of the composition and
temperature of the product to be transported (reference /A6/).
Each end fitting is designed according to Technip field proven design techniques utilising
Technip CAD systems and the internal program EFNA2 (reference /A10/). Stress
calculations are performed by EFNA2 for the most highly stressed location of the end fitting
when subjected to pressure and mechanical loading. The pressure containing components
shall be checked against API 17J in terms of permissible utilization factors.
End fitting fatigue will not be considered as all end fittings are effectively static with
variations in tension only.
7.14.2
Design Parameters
Design parameters to be used for the design of the end fittings are as follows:
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Case
Type
Internal
Pressure
External
Pressure
Recurrent
Operations
MOP
Zero
Note b)
Extreme /
Abnormal
Operations
Design
Pressure d)
Zero
Note b)
Installation
(Functional)
PostInstallation
(Pressure
Test)
FAT
Ambient
Zero
Note b)
Zero
Note b)
Offshore
Strength Test
Pressure
Note a)
FAT Pressure
Note a)
Zero
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Loading
(Tension, Bending Moment and Shear
Force)
cases for recurrent operation for risers
(reference /A11/) or tie-in analysis for
flowlines (reference /A15/)
cases for extreme and abnormal operations
for risers (reference /A11/) or tie-in analysis
for flowlines (reference /A15/)
Maximum loads estimated for installation
Note c)
cases for offshore strength test for risers
(reference /A11/) or tie-in analysis for
flowlines (reference /A15/)
Zero
Table 7.14.2.1 End Fitting Design Cases

Notes:
a)
b)
c)
The maximum installation tension for each riser will be estimated as follows and
known:
Weight of the pipe (full or empty to be determined during detailed design) in
the water column (maximum water depth along flowline route) and an additional
10m length from the water level to the VLS.
catenary shape.
installation.
d)
section 5.3.
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7.14.3
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Acceptance Criteria
The utilisation factors for the pressure containing components are defined by API 17J
according to the type of operation.
Case
Type
1
2
3
4
5
Installation (Functional)
Post-Installation (Pressure Test)
FAT
API 17J Allowable

Utilisation Factors
0.55
0.85
0.67
0.91
0.91
Table 7.14.3.1 End Fitting Design Cases Allowable Utilisation Factors

7.15
Bend Stiffener Design

The riser / riser column interface requires a bend stiffener to avoid over bending of the riser
at the bottom of the riser column.
7.15.1
Design Cases
The design cases shall be selected in order to cover all of the most critical cases identified
in the Riser Dynamic Analysis Report (reference /A11/) and listed in Appendix D.
7.15.2
Method of Analysis
The dynamic analysis output graphs of tension versus time and theoretical top angle versus
time are compared for each design case by the RCN program. RCN is a post processing
module within Deeplines (reference /A10/). RCN provides the combination of tension and
angle for the maximum and minimum tension, maximum and minimum angle and the
combination of tension and angle which give the maximum and minimum pseudo curvature.
The angles provided are relative to the built in angle at the riser entry to the riser column
thus taking into account vessel motions.
The RCN outputs are then input to the Technip stiffener design program Bending (reference
/A10/) which applies the Technip design rules for bend stiffeners (reference /A5/). This
takes into account the variation of riser bending stiffness with temperature and the variation
in stiffener material modulus due to manufacturing tolerances. Alternatively, in order to
reduce the number of load cases to analyse, adequately selected sets of tension and angle
that cover all of the RCN outputs could also be used as input to Bending.
Output from the bend stiffener design including axial, shear and bending reactions at the
back of the bend stiffener are input to the design of the bend stiffener connector.
The bend stiffener design for the EHUs will be carried out by the EHU supplier. Loads will
be provided by TSEJV for this design.
7.15.3
Acceptance Criteria
The allowable bending radius in the pipe is defined by API17J according to the type of
operation.
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Dropped Objects Impact Resistance

The linear impact resistance of the flexible risers to dropped objects will be determined
using Technip internal software PARABAQ (reference /A10/), a customised module of the
finite element package ABAQUS. This software allows calculation of stresses induced by a
crushing load. This method can be used to determine the maximum energy that the pipe
can absorb by unit length.
The acceptance criterion used to calculate the maximum allowable impact energy is that the
flexible riser shall resist the maximum linear impact energy that will induce a 5% maximum
deformation in the vault or provide a stress beyond the allowable.
The maximum allowable impact energy will be calculated for each structure design and
compared to 2kJ over an area of 100mm x 100mm (reference /B10/ and /B6/ items 70 and
345).
7.17
On-Bottom Stability
7.17.1
Cases for Consideration

Three load cases are to be considered:
Installation case
Operating case (riser column connected)
Operating case (riser column disconnected)
Additionally, two environmental scenarios are to be considered for the operating load cases:
1.
2.
Cyclonic, including surface wave and associated steady current effects (riser column
disconnected)
Non-cyclonic, ignoring effect of surface waves and associated currents with cases
as shown below:
100 year steady current (from tide and drift - riser column disconnected)
100 year soliton current (riser column connected)
Note that installation conditions are considered to be the 1 year RP wave and current.
7.17.2
Design Method
The flowlines will be analysed for on-bottom stability in accordance with the following:
The methodology to be used for analysis of the cyclonic environmental scenario
(item 1 as per section 7.17.1) is DnV RP E305 (reference /S4/) Simplified Method
using Technip in-house software Stabil (reference /A10/).
The methodology to be used for analysis of the non-cyclonic environmental scenario
(item 2 as per section 7.17.1) is the force balance method in accordance with
reference /S5/.
3D stability analysis is to be performed for any flowlines found to be unstable using
the force balance methodology described above. This methodology will be submitted
for approval prior to use (reference /A13/).
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Linear (Airy) wave theory shall be used with the simplified method in accordance with DnV
RP E305 (reference /S4/). As no waves are applicable to the force balance methodology, no
wave theory is required for this.
7.17.3
Design Parameters
The hydrodynamic coefficients used will be in accordance with DnV RP E305 (reference
/S4/) sections 5.3.8 and 5.3.12, with due consideration of the Reynolds Number and other
dimensionless parameters. This is applicable for both the simplified and force balance
methodologies.
For all flowlines except the production and production/test the flowline contents shall be
product at minimum density for the 100yr non-cyclonic (including soliton) conditions, and the
100yr cyclonic conditions (operation cases as per section 7.17.1).
For the production and production/test flowlines the flowline contents shall be as follows:
Product at minimum density for the riser column connected case.
When the riser column is disconnected the production and production / test flowlines
will be depressurised and the contents will quickly settle out, leaving the density of
the inner fluid the same as the gas lift minimum density as given in note a) of section
7.10.3.
The flowline contents shall be empty for the 1yr non-cyclonic conditions and 1yr internal
wave conditions (installation case as per section 7.17.1).
Environmental data shall be as per section 5.14, with the directionality of the current
accounted for by applying the component of the current perpendicular to the pipe axis.
No marine growth is to be included for on bottom stability analysis (reference /B2/).
For cyclonic conditions (item 1 as per section 7.17.1) to be carried out using the simplified
method as per DnV RP E305 (reference /S4/), a lateral friction coefficient of 0.7 will be used
(reference /B2/).
For non-cyclonic conditions (item 2 as per section 7.17.2) to be carried out using the force
balance methodology, a lateral friction coefficient as per section 5.15 will be used
(reference /B2/).
Seabed roughness is as per section 5.15.
No self embedment is to be considered.
See design data sheet for on bottom stability included in Appendix K.
7.17.4
Acceptance Criteria
The minimum submerged weight of the pipe must exceed the maximum required weight for
stability calculated using DnV RP E305 (reference /S4/) simplified method or force balance
method. Note that DnV RP E305 (reference /S4/) allows lateral pipeline displacements of
up to 20m under certain circumstances.
Alternatively, if 3D dynamic stability is carried out then the following is to apply (reference
/B2/):
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Flowline lateral displacement due to environmental loading is prohibited in the

locations where the flowlines cross the exposed escarpment feature.
Flowline lateral displacement in other locations (including drill centres and riser /
flowline interface) will be considered acceptable pending acceptable loadings and
curvatures.
Lateral displacement onto MODU anchor exclusion zones is not acceptable.
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APPENDIX A
Drawings
FPSO East Subsea Facilities Layout
Drawing No: SK1580, Rev C
FPSO Flexible Flowline & EHU Approach General Arrangement
Drawing No: K2000DX002.0001, Rev 3
Anchoring Anchorlegs General Arrangement
Drawing No: K 4060 D S 001 0001, Rev C
Riser Column Riser Column General Arrangement
Drawing No: K 4101 D G 001 0001, Rev C
Riser Column J Tubes Layout
Drawing No: K 4101 D S 007 0001, Rev D
RTM Mooring System General Arrangement
Drawing No: K 4101 D S 010 0001, Rev A
Top of Column General Arrangement
Drawing No: SB 81327 DCM97024, Rev C1
Riser Column Compartmental Arrangement
Drawing No: SB 81327 DCM97022, Rev C1
Riser Column Central Shaft Structural Details
Drawing No: K 4101 D S 003 0001, Rev 1
E-DC1 Flexible Flowline & EHU Approach (Rigid Xmas Tree Tie-in Spools)
General Arrangement
General Arrangement
General Arrangement
General Arrangement
Anchoring Anchorlegs Details Sheet 1
Drawing No: K 4060 D S 002 0001, Rev A
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APPENDIX B
FPSO RAOs Data
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APPENDIX C
Fatigue Wave Data
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APPENDIX D
Dynamic Analysis Load Case Matrix
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APPENDIX E
Description of Dynamic Analysis Load Cases Titles Signification
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The description of the dynamic analysis load cases titles signification is as follows:
XX_YYY_www_O
Where:
1. XX is the load case number as per the load case matrix included in Appendix D.
2. YYY is the riser being considered:
Pd9 for the 9 production risers
Pd8 for the 8 production / test riser
Gi6 for the 6 gas injection riser
Gl6 for the 6 gas lift riser
Wi10 for the 10 water injection riser
3. www is the analysis type:
nom for nominal load case
sen1 for sensitivity study 1
sen2 for sensitivity study 2 etc with the sensitivity numbered as per section 7.10.5.
4. O is an unused parameter at this stage.
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APPENDIX F
Pressure Conversion Calculations
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APPENDIX G
Gas Injection Back Flow Fluid Composition
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APPENDIX H
Sand Erosion Data
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APPENDIX I
Location of Forces on Manifold / PLEM Hubs
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APPENDIX J
Additional Chemical Injection Details
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APPENDIX K
Design Data Sheet for On Bottom Stability
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APPENDIX L
Extreme Riser Connected Motion Details
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APPENDIX M
Riser Fatigue Analysis Methodology
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APPENDIX N
Production Flowrate Details
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APPENDIX O
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APPENDIX P
Referenced Correspondence
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APPENDIX Q
Topside Piping Loads
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APPENDIX R
Slugging Data
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Basis of Design

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ENFIELD SUBSEA EPIC

Risers and Flowlines Basis of Design

Doc. No: JA004847-JSD-3500-0001

Typing error corrected

RAO axis system definition corrected

Typing error corrected

Wave period sensitivity clarified

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HOLD'S STATUS SHEET

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EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ........................................................................................... 7

Field Overview ........................................................................................................... 7

Field Location and Layout .......................................................................................... 9

Flexible Riser and Flowline System Scope ................................................................ 9

ABBREVIATIONS AND DEFINITIONS ................................................................... 10

WEL References ...................................................................................................... 13

Codes and Standards .............................................................................................. 15

DESIGN DATA AND ASSUMPTIONS .................................................................... 16

Flexible Pipe Sizes................................................................................................... 16

Accidental Over Pressurisation ................................................................................ 18

Test Pressures ......................................................................................................... 18

Internal Fluid Density ............................................................................................... 20

Fluid Composition .................................................................................................... 20

Slug Loading ............................................................................................................ 22

Produced Water Composition .................................................................................. 22

Insulation Requirements .......................................................................................... 22

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Design Life ............................................................................................................... 24

Mooring Line Data.................................................................................................... 34

Fatigue Wave Data .................................................................................................. 37

Fatigue Currents ...................................................................................................... 37

Hydrodynamic Coefficients ...................................................................................... 38

Riser Entry Configuration Data ................................................................................ 40

Riser Interface Connection Specifications ............................................................... 40

Flowline Tie-In Data ................................................................................................. 41

Flowline Interface Connection Specifications........................................................... 41

Ancillary Equipment ................................................................................................. 44

Installation Tolerances ............................................................................................. 44

Determination of Flexible Pipe Components ............................................................ 45

Material Selection for the Flexible Pipe Components .............................................. 45

Pressure and Tension Resistance of the Flexible Pipe............................................ 45

Hydrostatic Collapse of the Flexible Pipe................................................................. 47

Crushing Capacity of the Flexible Pipe .................................................................... 48

Erosion of the Flexible Pipe ..................................................................................... 49

Annulus Calculations of the Flexible Pipe ................................................................ 49

Reverse End Cap Effect of the Flexible Pipe ........................................................... 51

Cathodic Protection of the Flexible Pipe .................................................................. 52

Riser Configuration Analysis .................................................................................... 53

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Fatigue Analysis ....................................................................................................... 58

In-Place Tie-In Connection Analysis ........................................................................ 60

End Fitting Design.................................................................................................... 61

Bend Stiffener Design .............................................................................................. 63

Dropped Objects Impact Resistance........................................................................ 64

On-Bottom Stability .................................................................................................. 64

FPSO RAOs data