MDG INDONESIA:

STATUS AND THE WAY

FORWARD
Endah Murniningtyas-National Development Planning Agency
Widyono – University of Indonesia

Presented at the UN-DESA UN-ESCAP MDG Workshop

Bangkok, 20-22 August 2008
 OUTLINE
I. MDG AND THE
NATIONAL POLICY
II. THE STATUS
III. THE WAY FORWARD
I. MDG AND THE NATIONAL POLICY
• MDGs are not new to Indonesia. Since the development
program existed, program towards “MDGs” target had been
implemented.
• Example: food, family planning and health, education and
other basic needs programs Æ packaged in the Five-Year
Development Programs (REPELITA).
• Intensive efforts to balance between economic and social
program started in the 5th and 6th Five-Year Development
Plan (Repelita), in 1990.
• Significant progress are achieved, but the financial crisis in
the late 90s was a downturn in the economic and social status
• In the early 2000, the government started to take shape on
various basic policy in the national development Æ progress
is experienced, with different external and internal challenge
Æ globalisation, democratization and decentralization.
Poverty Situation
 MAINSTREAMING MDG INTO THE NATIONAL
DEVELOPMENT PLAN
3 Development Agenda 2004-2009
MDG & other 1. Peace
International
conventions 2. Justice and democracy
RPJP
2005-2025 3. People Welfare:
a.Reducing poverty and unemployment
b.Improving quality of HR
RPJMN c. Improving Quality of Environment and
(5Y) natural resource management
d.Infrastructure Improvement
Strategic Plan

PRSP
Sectoral Program Annual Development Plan
(RKP)
Regional Program

National Budget
Program
Local Gov Budget Implementations
5
 MDG GOAL AND THE PROGRAM
No. MDG GOALS
1 Poverty
Hunger
2 Basic Education
3 Gender and Women
Empowerment
4 Child Mortality
5 Maternal Health
6 HIV Aid, Malaria & others
7 Environment
8 Global Partnership
THE PROGRAM
Poverty reduction programs
Food Security Program
9Y compulsory education
Mainstreaming of gender issue into all dev.
Program
Health program: infant, early childhood,
nutrition etc
Program for Pregnant woman
HIV Aid and communicable deseases
Water and sanitation program, climate
change (mitigation-adaptation, alt energy),
clean environment, REDD, CDM.
In various sectors.
II. STATUS

7
III. THE WAY FORWARD

1. BETTER REACHING
2. IMPROVE COVERAGE
3. IMPROVE QUALITY OF
IMPLEMENTATION.
 Better reaching
1. Poor HH Data - 2005
2. Use the same data for program targetted
to poor HH/individu:
a. Rice subsidy
b. Health insurance
c. Scholarship – 9y education, etc
3. Data imporvement and updating
4. Local implementations
 POOR HH DATA
1. 14 CHARACTERISTICS
2. DRAWN FROM ANNUAL HH SURVEY
(SUSENAS)
3. USE AS BASIC INFORMATION FOR
POVERTY PROGRAM
 3 CLUSTERS OF INTEGRATED POVERTY
REDUCTIONS

POVERTY REDUCTION

COMMUNITY MICRO AND SMALL

SOCIAL WELFARE AND
PROTECTION EMPOWERMENT ENTERPRISE
PROGRAM PROGRAM DEVELOPMENT

MINIMUM BASIC COMMUNITY CAPACTY OF MICRO,

NEEDS: TARGETTED CAPACITY, ABILITY SMALL ENTERPRISE
FOR POOR TO ENGAGE TO AND ENABLING
HOUSEHOLDS REDUCE POVERTY ENVIRONMENT

11
 BETTER IMPLEMENTATIONS

COORDINATING TEAM FOR POVERTY

REDUCTION (TKPK)

TASK FORCE ON TASK FORCE ON

SOCIAL WELFARE NAT. TASK FORCE ON
COMMUNITY MICRO AND SME
& PROTECTION
EMPOWERMENT PROGRAM
PROGRAM PROGRAM

12
 PRO-POOR PLANNING AND
BUDGETING
UNDERSTANDING
POVERTY:
•SITUATION PRO-POOR
•CAUSES MENURUNNYA
•INDICATORS AND
PLANNING KEMISKINAN
MAP AS: AND BUDGET DAN
DETECTIONS, FORMULATIO MENINGKATNY
TARGETTING N A
PROGRAM , KESEJAHTERA
MONITOR OUPUT
AN
AND IMPACT
MASYARAKAT

POOR PEOPLE AND

STAKEHOLDERS’ PARTISIPATION

13
Expectation from this workshop
1. Methodology to measure micro status Æ at the
HH and/or individual level Æ assess and
identify causes, sources
2. Methodology to measure “significance and/or
quantify impact of programs to the poor
people/HH Æ progress, weaknesses and “room
for improvement” and new ways for a more
effective program
3. MACRO-MICRO policy connections.
THOSE ALL WILL BE USEFUL FOR “MDG
ROADMAP” FORMULATION.
TERIMA KASIH
THANK YOU
APPENDICES
 Goal 1: Eradicating Extreme Poverty and Hunger

Target 1: Halve, between 1990-2015, the proportion whose income is less than $1 per day

No Indicator 1990 2007 Target Note Status

1 Poverty (US$ 1per day) 20,6% 7.5% 10.0% Standard too achieved
low

1a Poverty (National) 15.1% 16.6% 7.5% High but Need to

declining work hard

Target 2: Halve, between 1990-2015, the proportion who suffer from hunger

No Indicator 1990 2007 Target Note Status

2 Poor Nutrition 6.3% 8.8% 3.3% Slowly Need to
increasing work hard
 Goal 2: Achieving Universal Basic Education

Target 3: Ensure that by 2015 children everywhere boys and girls alike will be able to complete
basic education
No Indicator 1990 2007 Target Note Status
3 Basic Education 88,7% 94.7% 100% Steadily as
Participation increasing targeted

3a Secondary Education 41.9% 66.5% 100% Slowly as

Participation increasing targeted

3b Proportion of Student who 62.0% 74.7% 100% Slowly as

Completed Basic Educ. increasing targeted

3c Illiteracy for people age 96.6% 99.4% 100% Steadily as

15-24 increasing targeted
Goal 3: Promoting Gender Equality and Empowering
Women
Target 4: Eliminate gender disparity in primary and secondary education preferably by 2005
and in all level of education no later than 2015
No Indicator 1990 2007 Target Note Status
4a Ratio of girl enrolled in 100.6% 100% 100% Much achieved
Basic Education improvement

4b Ratio of girl enrolled in 101.3% 99.4% 100% Much as

Secondary Education improvement targeted

4c Ratio of girl enrolled in 98.0% 100% 100% Much achieved

Tertiary Education improvement

4d Ratio of girl enrolled in 85.1% 102.5% 100% Much achieved

Higher Education improvement

4e Ratio of Illiteracy Women 97.9% 99.9% 100% Much as

aged 15-24 improvement targeted

4f Contribution of women in 29.2% 33.0% 50% Relatively Need to

wage occupation Stagnant work hard
 Goal 4: Reducing Child Mortality

Target 5: Reduce by two thirds, between 1990-2015, the under-five mortality rate

No Indicator 1990 2007 Target Note Status

5a Under-five mortality rate 81 40 32 Much as
per 1,000 improvement targeted

5b Infant mortality rate per 57 32 19 Much as

1,000 improvement targeted
 Goal 5: Improving Maternal Health

Target 6: Reduce by three-quarters, between 1990-2015, the maternal mortality ratio

No Indicator 1990 2007 Target Note Status

6a Maternal mortality rate per 390 307 110 New data not Need to
100,000 available work hard

6b Birth helped by trained 40.7% 72.4% (indicator) Much

nurse improvement

6c Married women aged 15- 50.5% 57.9% (indicator) Relatively

49 using contraception stagnant –
new data not
available
 Goal 6: Combating HIV/AIDS, Malaria, and other
Diseases
Target 7: Have halted by 2015 and begun to reserve the spread of HIV/AIDS

No Indicator 1990 2007 Target Note Status

7 HIV and AIDS prevalence 0.1% Combating Increasing Need to
the spread work hard
Target 8: Have halted by 2015 and begun to reserve the incidence of malaria and other major
diseases

No Indicator 1990 2007 Target Note Status

8a Case of Malaria per 1,000 8,5 (indicator) Slowly
declining

8b Tuberculosis prevalence per 786 262 (indicator) declining Need to

100,000 work hard
 Goal 7: Ensuring Environmental Sustainability

Target 9: Integrate the principle of sustainable development into national policies and
programmes and to reserve the loss of environmental resources
No Indicator 1990 2007 Target Note Status
9a Forested coverage area 60.0% 49.9% Protected Chronic Need to
deforestation work hard

9b Protected land area 26.4% 29.5% Protected Steadily

increasing
9c Ratio Energy 1,5 95.3 kg oil (indicator) Steadily
Consumption to GDP eq/$1,000 increasing
9d CO2 Emission 2,536 1,34 Lessen Increasing-
kg/cap metric New data
ton/cap not available
9e CFC Consumption 7,815 2,763 Lessen Slowly
declining

9d Biomass usage 70.2% 47.5% (indicator) Slowly

declining
 Goal 7: Ensuring Environmental Sustainability (Cont.)

Target 10: Halve, by 2015, the proportion of people without sustainable access to safe drinking
water and basic sanitation
No Indicator 1990 2007 Target Note Status
10a Proportion of population 38.2% 52.1% 67.0% Steadily As
having access to clean increasing targeted
water
10b Proportion of poplation 30.9% 68.0% 65.5% Achieved
having good sanitation
Target 11: By 2020, to have achieved a significant improvement in the life of slum dwellers

No Indicator 1990 2007 Target Note Status

11 Proportion of certain land 87.7% 84.0% (indicator) Slowly As
right declining targeted
Goal 8: Establishing Global Partnership for Development

Target 12: Develop monetary and trading systems that are open, based on rules, predictable and
non-discriminative
No Indicator 1990 2007 Target Note Status
12a Ratio of Export-Import to 44.4% (indicator)
GDP
12b Ratio of Bank’s Credit 61.6% (indicator)
and Saving
Target 15: Handle Developing Countries’ Debts thru national and international effort to manage
sustainable debt in the long run
No Indicator 1990 2007 Target Note Status
13a Ratio of foreign debt to 44.9% (indicator) Steadily
GDP declining

13b Ratio of debt to state 26.0% (indicator) Steadily

budget declining
Goal 8: Establishing Global Partnership for Development

Target 16: Cooperate with other countries to develop and implement strategies to create a good
and productive employment for young aged people
No Indicator 1990 2007 Target Note Status
16 Unemployment aged 15- 25.4% (indicator) Steadily
24 increasing
Target 18: Cooperate with private sector in using new technology, particularly ICT

No Indicator 1990 2007 Target Note Status

18a Household having 11.2% (indicator) Steadily
telephone increasing

18b Household having mobile 24.6% (indicator) Steadily

phone declining

18c Household having 4.4% (indicator) Steadily

computer declining

18d Household having 4.2% (indicator) Steadily

access to the internet declining