International Journal of Research and Innovation (IJRI)

International Journal of Research and Innovation (IJRI)

1401-1402

ANALYSIS AND DESIGN OF RESIDENTIAL TOWER BY DYNAMIC

ANALYSIS USING RESPONSE SPECTRUM METHOD

D.Ramarao1, K. Mythili2, G.Venkat Ratnam3

1 Research Scholar, Department Of Civil Engineering, Aurora's Scientific Technological & Research Academy, Hyderabad, India
2 Associate professor , Department Of Civil Engineering, Aurora's Scientific Technological & Research Academy, Hyderabad, India
3 Associate professor , Department Of Civil Engineering, Aurora's Scientific Technological & Research Academy, Hyderabad, India

Abstract
This Project Named As Analysis And Design Of Residential Tower (2basemetns+Stilt+31 Upper Floors)By Dynamic Analysis Using Response Spectrum Method Involves The Analysis And Design Of Residential Tower 3-D Frames Of Uniform
Floor heights for typical floors using very popular software tool ETABS 9.7.2.
The main thesis of this Project is to achieve the following:
1).To arrive at minimum number of modes required to get modal mass participating ratio more than 90% by dynamic
analysis using Response Spectrum Method.
2). To limit the lateral deflection at the top of the tower less than H/250(Where H = Height of the tower till terrace) for
seismic load.
3). To limit the Inter Storey Deflection(Storey Drift) in any storey due to the minimum specified design lateral force,
with factor of 1.0 less than 0.004 times the storey height.
In addition to that the detailed study of seismology was undertaken and the feasibility of the software tool to be used
was also checked. Till date many such projects have been undertaken on this very topic but the seismic analysis were
generally done by static analysis but to this the seismic analysis is done by dynamic analysis for all possible load
combinations pertaining to IS 456, IS 1893 and IS 13920.

*Corresponding Author:
D.RAMARAO, Research Scholar, Department of CIVIL Engineer-

Design methodology:

ing, Aurora's Scientific Technological & Research Academy,

Hyderabad, India

S. No

Points

Description

Published: October 27, 2014

Review Type: peer reviewed
Volume: I, Issue : II

Structural
system

Conventional beam slab arrangement

Method of
analysis

Space frame method has been used for

analysis of this structure, Software- E
TABS

Foundation
design

Conventional raft- SAFE software shall

be used for the designing of raft.

Citation:D.RAMARAO1,(2014)Analysis And Design Of

Residential Tower By Dynamic Analysis Using Response
Spectrum Method

Brief Description of the Structure

Proposed Structure consists of Residential Tower to
be constructed at Gurgaon.

Salient Features of building are as follows.

Loads to be considered while designing:

1

Dead loads

Sizes of structural
members x density
of concrete

25 kN/cum

Name

New Town Heights at Gurgaon

Floor finish load

1.2 kN/sqm

Location

Gurgaon

3.0 kN/sqm

Type

Residential Building

No.of floors

2B+ST+31 Floors

Water proofing Terrace load on terrace,

Inclusive of brick
batcoba

IS-875-I

40

International Journal of Research and Innovation (IJRI)

Live load

Masonry
loads

i)Living rooms, bed

room kitchen &
toilets etc.
ii)Corridors, passages & stairs
iii)Balconies

2 KN/sqm.
3 KN/sqm
3 KN/sqm

External Wall
loads(Concrete
Blocks)
Internal(Fly ash
bricks)/ density

20 KN/sqm
10 KN/sqm

IS-875-II

Recommendation for construction materials:

S.No

Construction Material

Specification

Reinforcement steel

Fe 500 D (TMT)
(Ductile steel to
be used)

Grade of concrete for

a)
Columns
M40,M35,M30,M25
b)
Foundations/rafts - M25
c)
Retaining wall and tie
beams M25
d)
Conventional beams
M20,M40
e)
Conventional slabs M20

Ready Mix Concrete

Type of Masonry:

Concrete Block
work for external
walls and Fly ash
brickwork for
internal walls

Cement:
OPC cement is preferable to use
for important RCC work. In case of
non-availability of OPC cement, PPC
cement can be used.

Other Predominant Forces:

S. No

load

4)

Earth quake load.

a).Zone for Gurgaon
b).Importance factor
c). Type of structure d).Response Reduction Factor
Soil type
Time period to be used

V
1
SMRF
5
2.0
0.075h^0.75

Wind loads.
Basic wind pressure (Gurgaon)
Category
Class

47m/s
2
C

5)

Preference:
Use OPC cement
Under constraint PPC cement
Flyash not to be used

Soft Storey Due to Stilt:

To take care of soft storey due to stilt, besides the columns designed and detailed for the calculated storey
shears and moments, shear walls shall be placed symmetrically in both directions of the building as far away
from the centre of the building as feasible, to be designed
exclusively for 1.5 times the lateral storey force.
Dynamic analysis:
Dynamic analysis is being performed by the Response
Spectrum Method. The design base shear (VB) shall be
compared with a base shear (VBT) calculated using a fundamental period Ta. Incase VB is less than VBT, all the
response quantities are multiplied by scale factor.

Detailing for ductility: As per the provisions of IS 13920.

Covers for R.C.C Structures:

Following values as recommended by IS.456-2000
and as per norms of NBC for fire resistance 2
hours.
S.No
1

Environmental condition

Mild

Covering

IS 456- clause-26.4

a).Footings

50mm

b). Rafts

50 mm

c).Columns and Lift walls

40mm

d).Slabs

20mm(valid for
1.5hrs)

e).Beams

20mm (valid for 1.5

hrs)and dia of the
bar whichever is
maximum

Following load cases considered for design calculation:

1.5(DL+LL),
1.2(DL+LL+SPEC X),
1.2(DL+LL+SPEC Y),
1.2(DL+LL+WLXP),
1.2(DL+LL+WLXN),
1.2(DL+LL+WLYP),
1.2(DL+LL+WLYN)
1.5(DL+SPEC X),
1.5(DL+SPEC Y),
1.5(DL+WLXP),
1.5(DL+WLXN),
1.5(DL+WLYP),
1.5(DL+WLYN).

Specification

Slabs and beams are additionally

protected by plastering, flooring /water proofing Which helps
to enhance fire resistance time
further.
3

Retaining wall

40mm for soil

side(1.5 hours ok for
basement)
25mm for other side

Water retaining walls

To avoid corrosion in case of
water proofing failure

50mm (for severe

condition)

41

International Journal of Research and Innovation (IJRI)

(vi)Height to Width ratio of building: 5.071

(vii)Length to Width ratio of building: 1.155
B.Structural Analysis and Design:
(i)Structural Analysis Software: ETABS 9.7.2 Version
(ii)Structural System: SMRF
(iii)Foundation System: Raft foundation for entire tower
(iv)Loading parameters:
(a)Dead load: Self weight of slab + wall load + floor finishes
(b)Live load: For Living areas -2KN/M2
For Balconies, Corridors, Staircases-3KN/M2
(c) Seismic Load: As per IS 1893:2002
(i) Zone Factor (Z): 0.36 for zone V
(ii) Importance Factor (I): 1.0
(iii) Soil type: 2.0
(iv) Fundamental Time Period (Tx/y):

A seismic design of high rise buildings has assumed

considerable importance in recent times.
In traditional methods adopted based on fundamental mode of the structure and distribution of earthquake forces as static forces at various stories may
be adequate for structures of small height subjected
to earthquake of very low intensity but as the number of stories increases the seismic design demands
more rigorous. [1]*

Height of building till Terrace (h) = 110.5

Tx= (0.075 x h^0.75) = 2.556 sec
Ty= (0.075 x h^0.75) = 2.556 sec
(v)Response Reduction Factor (R):5 (for SMRF R is 5)
(vi)Seismic Coefficient (Ah x/y):
X=0.0192
(Refer Page no. 1 of Appendix 1)
Y=0.0192
(Refer Page no. 2 of Appendix 1)
(Vii) Seismic Weight: 325257.41kN. (Refer Page no. 1 of
Appendix 1)
(viii) Base shears Vibe x/y:
Vbx=6230.28KN
( Refer Page no. 1 of Appendix 1)
Vby=6230.28KN
( Refer Page no. 2 of Appendix 1)
(ix) Damping: 5% ( Since it is a concrete structure)
(V) Seismic Analysis Method: Response Spectrum Method
.
(a)No. of modes considered: 20 ( with 20 nos of modes,
modal mass participating ratio is more than 90%,Refer
Table 1)

PHASES OF THE PROJECT

The project was divided into two phases. They are
as follows:Phase-1- Developing model using ETABS.
Phase-2- Analysis of reinforced concrete frames for
static loads (dead, live, wind and load combinations)
and dynamic load (Earth quake load-Spectrum cases).
Inferences from the of Etabs Model:
A.Geometrical Configuration of the Tower:
(i)No of storey: (2 Basements + Stilt +31 upper floors)
(ii)Floor Height in m: (Basement 2 is resting on
Foundation system, Basement 1=3.65,GF=4.4,First
Floor=3.25,Typical floor 3.2,LMR and SHR=2.785 )
(iii)No of lift: 3
(iv)No of staircase :2
(v)Total height of structure: 113.285m till LMR roof
Height of building till terrace = 110.5m
Width of building = 21.79m
Length of building = 25.18m

(b)Modal Mass participation:

First mode: 73%
(Refer Table 1)
Second mode: 18.2% (Refer Table 1)
(c)Scale Factor
i. Along X- direction: 1.4837 (Refer Appendix 3)
ii. Along Y- direction: 1.6158 (Refer Appendix 3)
(Vi) Total Deflection of Building: with fundamental time
period
i.Along X direction:
110.81 mm (Refer for Point 595 of Table 2) < 442mm
permissible
(Permissible deflection = Span/250(=442mm) as per
clause 23.2 of IS: 456-2000)
ii.Along Y direction:
129.56mm (Refer for Point 53 of Table 2) < 442mm permissible
(Permissible deflection = Span/250(=442mm) as per
clause 23.2 of IS: 456-2000)
(Vii) Inter story Deflection (Storey Drift):
With Fundamental Time period: 0.001467 <0.004(Refer
Appendix 2)

Conclusion
The tasks of providing full seismic safety for the
residents inhabiting the most earthquake-

42

International Journal of Research and Innovation (IJRI)

prone regions are far from being solved. However in

present time we have new regulations in place for
construction that greatly contribute to earthquake
disaster mitigation and are being in applied in accordance with world practice. [8]* [4]*

Author:

In the regulations adopted for implementation in

India the following factors have been found to be
critically important in the design and construction
of seismic resistant buildings:
Sites selection for construction that are the most
favorable in terms of the frequency of occurrence
and the likely severity of ground shaking and ground
failure;
High quality of construction to be provided conforming to related IS codes such as IS1893, IS
13920 to ensure good performance during future
earthquakes.
To implement the design of building elements and
joints between them in accordance with analysis
.i.e. ductility design should be done.
structural-spatial solutions should be applied that
provide symmetry and regularity in the distribution
of mass and stiffness in plan and in elevation.
Whereas such the situations demands irregularity
maximum effort should be given to done away with
the harmful effects like that of SHORT COLUMN
EFFECT
Researchers indicate that compliance with the
above-mentioned requirements will contribute significantly to disaster mitigation, regardless of the
intensity of the seismic loads and specific features
of the earthquakes. These modifications in construction and design can be introduced which as a
result has increase seismic reliability of the buildings and seismic safety for human life.

D.Ramarao
student at
Aurora s scientific and technological and Research
Academy,Hyderabad, India.

K. Mythili M.Tech(structural engg)

Asso.Professor at
Aurora's scientific and technological and Research
Academy,Hyderabad, India.

G.Venkat Ratnam
Asso.Professor
Aurora's scientific and technological and Research
Academy,Hyderabad, India.

References:[1].Murthy C.V.R, Learning earthquake design

[2]Agrawal, Shrikhande Mansih, earth quake resistant design of structures
[3]IS: 456:2000, Plain and Reinforced code of practice.
[4]IS: 1893(Part-1):2002, Criteria for earth quake
resistant design of structure.
[5]IS: 13920:1993, Ductile detailing of RCC structure subjected to earth quake force.
[6]SP:16,Design Aid for Reinforced concrete to
IS:456:2000.
[7]Ramamurtham,Theory of structures
[8] Ashimbayev M.U., Itskov I.E., Lobodryga
T.D.,living with natural and technological hazards,
topic a.2: reducing vulnerabilities in existing building and lifelines

43