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The waves that you can propagate along a rope are transverse
mechanical waves.
How far does a traveling wave progress during a time interval of
one period? One wavelength
What is the speed of light in glass that has an index of refraction
of 1.5? 2 x 108 m/s.
The index of refraction n is defined to be c/v where c is the
speed of light in a vacuum and v is the speed of light in
matter.
The speed of light in water is 3/4 the speed of light in vacuum.
What is the index of refraction of water? 4/3
In optics the term normal refers to the line perpendicular to a
surface.
When a wave (such as a light wave) encounters a sudden change
of medium, as in going from air to glass, in general the wave is
partially reflected and partially transmitted.
The plane of incidence is the plane that contains the incident
ray and reflected ray.
Suppose you stand 3 feet from a plane mirror and face it. Where
is your image? Your image lies 3 feet behind the plane of
the mirror.
Your image in a plane mirror is erect and virtual.
Suppose you take a pencil and put its point in contact with a
mirror. If the reflected pencil point contacts the real pencil point
you have a front surface mirror.
When you look at an object such as a car, a desk, or a vase and
you see the object's shape and color, it is primarily due to
diffuse reflection.
HW 8
On a clear day when the sun is low in the west, if you look
directly overhead into the blue sky you should expect it to be
polarized in the north-south direction.
Polaroid sunglasses are designed to block the glare of sunlight
reflected from shiny surfaces. They are designed to block
horizontally polarized light.
The Brewster angle is the angle of ___.
When incident unpolarized light of intensity I0 is passed through a
single ideal linear polarizer the resulting light intensity is I0 /2.
A second ideal polarizer is placed after the polarizer of the
previous problem. The polarization direction of the second
polarizer is oriented at 45o to that of the first polarizer. What is
the intensity of the light that passes through the second
polarizer? I0 /4
A third ideal polarizer is placed after the second polarizer of the
previous problem. The polarization direction of this third polarizer
is oriented at 90o to that of the first polarizer. What is the
intensity of the light that passes through the third polarizer?
Unpolarized light of intensity I0 is incident on an ideal polarizer
with its polarization axis aligned vertically. The light then passes
through a second ideal polarizer with its polarization axis tilted at
an angle to the vertical. When = 90o the intensity emerging
through the second polarizer is 0?
Two ideal linear polarizers are aligned with their polarization axes
at 90o. A third polarizer is inserted between them. If the angle
between the first polarizer and the middle one is 90o no light is
passed.
Two ideal linear polarizers are aligned with their polarization axes
at 90o. A third polarizer is inserted between them. If the angle
between the first polarizer and the middle one is 45o
you cannot see well immediately. After a few minutes you realize
that you are seeing quite well. The change of your visual
sensitivity is known as adaptation.
The color sensitive cells in the retina are known as cones.
You view a bright blue book for a minute, then shift your gaze to
a white sheet of paper. You then see a yellow image of the book.
This effect is called negative afterimage.
Which type of photoreceptors in the eye are most sensitive to low
levels of light, which are most sensitive to color, and which do not
give any color information? Rods, cones, rods
HW 11
Characterize the yellow light that you see reflected from a
lemon? The light reflected from the lemon may have
wavelengths from near 500 to 700 nm.
Predicting the result of adding two colors of paint is more difficult
than predicting the color created using filters because color
mixing in paint is a combination of both additive and
subtractive color processes.
In the L*a*b* system for quantifying color, L*, a*, and b* form
the axes of a three-dimensional coordinate system. Which
coordinate(s) are needed to define hue? a* and b*
In the L*a*b* system for quantifying color, L*, a*, and b* form
the axes of a three-dimensional coordinate system. Which
coordinate(s) are needed to define lightness (value)? L* only
In the L*a*b* system for quantifying color, L*, a*, and b* form
the axes of a three-dimensional coordinate system. Which
coordinate(s) are needed to define saturation (or chroma)? a*
and b*
The CIE color measurement system is based on human