Professional Documents
Culture Documents
P ilin
g in Rock
M.I.E.I.
Co.
1999
,
I
Structuralload
Ground level
Synopsis
'l his papcr
tcstingIrasusuall1,llcenllvcclrrr,cntiotla1sraticloading[ltttthcrc
cx1;cricnce and docunrenrarion is rcquircd bcfore
SlMllAI-testing can be acccptcd ls a sttbstitttte for static tests. L)esign ofthe piles is
'l'hc rcstrlts of thirty pilc tests at cightccn sitcs
for soft rocks clsovhcrc in thc rvorld.
located throughour thc counrry have bcen backanalyscd using thc hi,pcrboiic transfcr fitnction tcchnique in ordcr to prodttcc estimatcs
of rnobiliscd skrn fricrion and cnd bcaring. Prlc behavioLrr has usLrally [reen vcrv sood, x'itlt thc load scttlement resPonse being linear
clastic rvell beyond design load, suggcsting pcrhaps rhar currcnr pilc dcsign practicc is conservrtivc.
It
methods are nor appropriate for Irish rock socketcd pilcs. Somc gtridancc is givcn on appropriatc dcsign parameters based on experience
and sn the rcsults ofbackanalysis.
:r1 acceptablc valuc and that
lt
stress to
it rvould sccm that tlicrc is no nced to cxtctr.i thc rock sockct lcngth tty more than four pile dtameters. A
ncw design approach which uscs basic rock and pilc param,rtcrs and ellows fbr thc cffccrs of roLtghncss along thc pilc shaft is introduccd.
l)etails offbLrr case historics rvhcrc problcnrs wcrc encountcrcd rvith rock sockct pilcs arc also prescntcd.
3.
l.INTRODUCTION
TECHNIQUBS
The recent period of sustained economic
groMh in Ireland has led to an increase in
the use of rock socketed piling due to the
requirentents
capacities
describe the
development and current state of the art of
the techniques available in Ireland and to
then describe the current design methods.
The results of pile loading tests frorn
eighteen sites located widely around the
country will be analysed in order to examine
the behaviour of the piles and to review the
validity
examples
of
oiline will
be
Drilline Plant
or
hammer
1) augers only,
2) augers and ten-rporary casing.
3) casing and rods,
4) augers and down the hole harnmer.
5) down the hole hammer only,
6) Odex svstem.
At the
rotated
which consists
of a helical
cage, can be
2. GEOLOGICAL SETTING
r{ i\
.!
glacial
The
in
strength
terms but often include large cobbles and
boulders. Many of the major cities and
towns have developed on the banks of rivers
or near estuaries where terrace gravels,
,qae
-=::
Figure
3.
dia. piles
ql:-..-g; :
ffi;
r
i
i-lr-
.,.:.liill
use
involve
fbrming the pile using the casing and auger
down to rock. The casing cuts into the top of
the rock and the auger is withdrawn. A
dou,n the holc hammer of diametcr up to
500 mm can then be attachcd, which in turn
tbrrrs the required length ol'the rock socket.
For pile diametcrs of 800 mrn a clustcr drill
is requircd. In the casc ol' the 5CD32 drill
shown on Figure 3, tlris consists ol'a drill of
5 down thc holc hammcrs which is uscd to
fbrrn the requirccl rock socket. Pilcs are then
concrctcd using the standard tremie
concreting techniclucs.
4. PILE TESTING
4.1 Static tests
1'lushed clcan.
Crouting Procedure
Pilcs of 350 rnm dia. and less arc usually
groutcd with eithcr a neat ccmcnt collordal
grout or a l: I sand cement colloidal grout
having a wiiter / cemcnt ratio of less than
0.5. Thc basic principlc uscd is that the prlcs
are trernie grouted. In order to achicvc a
clean base an auger is oficn attachcd to thc
load.
'fhe load at
czrch incrcmcnt
is
the
SIMBAT
tr
yrz
o
SN
\
600 800
i-\
:&.
\\
e3
g(J
1200
1400
1600
u+
\\;r* \
--tsPile
<-Pile
a\
ct
1000
.9t
E'
\\
E'
(E
-Ps
it^o
s$
Structurat toad
Ground level
'-
,///,9//*
Soft
Overburden
Cast in - sifu
concrete pile -
Steel Lining
\\\\\
Socket drilled
into rock
Rock tounding
stratum
Side resistance
10 - SIMBAT
,/2,.9/ts\..
10 - Static
Base resistance
or
\\,atcl
bcrrri ng
rs u slight
ovcrprcclictior.r
ol'pilc
hclcl
on
5.
In this
scction
ntodel
to cxplain
rvill
lhc
bc
Fiqurc
(r
illustratcs
ril
litlil
thc
rncchanisnr ol'
bct'"vcct.r
rtvcrbLtrdcn, in siclc
rcsisllncc bct*'ccn thc pilc lnd thc rock ancl
rnatcrral
L
2.
3.
5.
clcscribccl uhove,
Pilc tcst rcsults arc rcliablc.
N
-.
Integritv testing
is
ol iln
thc
Fignre
7.
Site locatiotts
by
scale km
50
100
Case
Location
Contractor
History
Avg.
Pile
SWL
Dia*.
(m)
(kN)
Rock
Socket
Overall
Length
Lenoth
(m)
(m)
Rock
Type
Pile
Head Mov.
(rrun)
F
rb
9"
(a-
C/ q,
SWL
1.5
swl.
2.5
Unload
(kNim')
(kN/m')
(MN/m')
0.19
20r5
150
0.013
750I
30/50
0.028
SWL
2a
Galway
HMC
0.35
700
1.5
7.15
Westport
HMC
0.35
1000
2.8
8.3
2b
Westport
HMC
0.35
1000
3a
Limerick
Limerick
0.35
Ringaskiddy
HMC
HMC
HMC
0.35
JD
Cobh
HMC
2.3
7.8
1000
J.J
9.3
1000
2.0
9.0
0.225
600
1.0
10.0
0.18
500
3.0
19.0
Strong
sranite
Mod. strong
limestone
As above
1.40
2.19
l0
t.76
l.8l
2.87
As above
As above
Mod. strong/
strong I'mst
Strong
3.22
4.92
r.94
3.15
t.l4
1.78
2.62
4.47
l.76
2.90
3.7r
5.48
t.o
2.56
1.58
2.56
1.78
1.
2.37
0.26
1500+
0.40
1000 /
1880+
30/50
0.035
0.40
1920
50
0.038
0.49
1455
50
0.36
3000
75
0.029
0.040
4.85
200
12500
100
0.002
0.33
550
100
0.006
1.s2
t20
30000
50
0.002
0.22
765
50
0.015
0.80
1620
50
0.032
2.97
0.40
1270
50
0.025
8.81
r4.15
sandstone
6
Little Island
HMC
0.3
800
3.0
14.0
Midleton
HMC
0.35
700
1.5
7.5
Enniscorthy
HMC
0.325
650
2.25
9.0
9a
HMC
0.35
r000
2.7
7.1
HMC
0.35
1000
3. 15
t2.65
l0
Dublin Civic
Offices
Dublin Civic
Offices
Dublin Ship St
Strong
limestone
Mod. strong
limestone
Mod. strong
siltstone
Mod. strong
limestone
As above
1000
2.0
8.2
As above
3.88
5.8 r
0.02
1275
Monaghan
HMC
HMC
0.35
lla
0.21
425
u.)
I 1.3
Strong
7.44
15.15
7.27
620
9b
1lb
Monashan
t2
Blanchardstown
l3a
limestone
As above
Mod. strong
limestone
Mod. strong
limestone
10.19
4.43
0.026
80
0.008
l.3swl-
HMC
HMC
0.19
425
0.35
600
0.5
5.2
Dublin Temple
Bar
Murphy Int.
0.6
3000
2.0
6.8
Dublin Temple
Murphy Int.
0.6
1000
0.2
6.25
As above
2.62
4.67
1.78
Murphy Int.
0.6
3000
t.75
9.1
As above
4.19
7.11
0.08
Murphy Int.
0.6
2750
2.1
6.6
As above
4.93
8.53
Murphy Int.
0.8
5000
1.5
3.0
As above
5.00
7.44
5.5
50
1500
3.66
6.09
1.07
420
1.38
2.t4
0.27
3275
3.05
4.27
6.38
15.54
5642s
80
50
0.005
0.066
14200
50
0.039
7050
50
t670
50
0.033
2.03
500
t4200
50
0.010
5.13
470
87000
50
0.009
950
SWL
l3b
l3c
l3d
13e
Bar
Dublin Temple
Bar
Dublin Temple
Bar
Dublin Temple
Bar
13. 13
2.75
SWL
Case
Location
Contractor
History
Avg.
Pile
SWL
Dia*
(m)
(kN)
Socket
Rock
Overall
Lengtlr
Leneth
(m)
(m)
Rock
Type
Pile
SWL
Head
1.5 SWL
Mov.
2.5
(mm)
Unload
(kN/m')
rb
Q"
(kN/m')
(MN/m')
t/
q"
SWL
13f
l3e
Dublin Temple
Bar
Dublin Temple
Bar
Murphy Int.
0.8
3000
0.2
4.9
As above
2.79
5.00
0.69
2000
19900
50
0.040
Murphy Int.
0.6
22s0
1.6
6.5
As above
3.33
6.55
r.40
t300
50
0.026
Dublin
Murphy Int.
0.8
5000
3.0
9.5
V weak m'st
/ strong I'mst
4.r9
7.77
2.21
910
4000
l6
0.057
Murphy Int.
0.6
2500
J.U
13.3
As above
3.2s
).9 I
1.60
975
16
0.060
Murphy Int.
0.8
3000
3.0
7.0
Mod. str.
1.65
2.57
0.30
995
25
0.040
1.98
3.58
0.81
99s
25
0.040
Mod. strong
limestone
2.1
2.75
0.75
15700
50
Strong
3.32
5.53
0.64
3000
40
0.075
2.2
4.15
0.22
1500
74
0.020
I4a
Townsend St.
bands
l4b
Dublin
Townsend St.
Dublin
15a
I'mst / weak
Nangor Rd.
t5b
Dublin
Murphy Int.
0.8
3000
3.0
7.9
m'st bands
Mod. str.
I'mst / weak
Nangor Rd.
m'st bands
l6
Blanchardstown
PJ Edwards
0.45
900
0.2
3.5
t000
0.5
8.7
(CFA)
Dublin
t7
PJ
Edwards
0.19
I'mst/weak
l8
Dublin
PJ Edwards
0.17
400
0.5
12.5
St. Steohens Gr
* value quoted is the amount mobilised, actual value available likely to be much larger
rock / intact rock
* for weathered
m'st bands
weak / strong
I'mst
2.
Q,,
= Q, -l
(])
Q,'
Q,,rr
(l)
L5
O:tA
(3)
or
An irtspcction
good irr
Pilc spccilicltions
cxcc'ccl
5.2 Preliminary
assessment
ol'
pile
behaviour
rcspondctl
( I .-5
respctnsc, with
thc
cxccllcnt
to
lrorc
is
then transl'erred
mostly onto thc pilc basc lbr the retllarndcr
of the test. The load scttlenlent curve is
rnuch more rounded. Howevcr the pilc
wcll with a residual settlcntcnt
lbllowing removal of 3 SWL of only 6.-l
\\'hc rc.
n, = pilc shalr
arcu.
l l.
lntl Pclls rvork gas lirl thc u'clrk
siln(lstoncs. ntuclsloncs tirrd shtrlcs ol
Austrlliu. rocks q hich be rrr' littlc
rcscnrbiancc 1o lltc strong lintcstoncs artd
Willranrs
gmnitcs ol'Ircland.
Valucs
ol l.
bct.,vcen
7.50
Qt, = .l',,-\A,,
(5)
whcrc:
An
11.
as
fbllows:
behavcd very
MITI.
(J)
conrplcx nroclcls
a, = (xpq,,A,
l.
In order to
unclerstand
hrlrv the
rcal
1000
500
1500
2000
2500
3000
-=*<+
2
E
E
+,
o
E
o
j'
=---.._
trc,timafcd elaqfie
resDonse
\-T-f
10
o
o
12
T'
(E
o 14
Overburd
In
iT 16
2.1 m
18
*L
Rocl<
20
4000
2000
:_\=+=_
\-
6000
--\:f
E4
-..l__-\___
8000
Predicted elastic
resoonse
+ro
tr
g8
o
o
=10
Ip
(E
P14
t
-l--l4.8 m
Overburde
18
2.Om V
'KOCK
20
Figure 10. Temple Bar trial pile (Pile l3a)
\
-\
0000
ol 120 kN/m2
to 3375 kN/m2 ancl are above 1000 kN/mr in
firitny cases. An averagc value ol'about I 335
kN/rn2 was obtained. Thesc valucs
arc
ral n,
compiires
method
l.
and
fl,
can be determined.
scnitratc
hyperbolic lunctions,
illustratcd on
Figure I l. Elastic shortening is also allorvccl
lbr in thc analysis. In thc casc of thc pilcs in
this study, pile shali - soil intemction wils
as
fbund
hus
bccrr
piles
in Italy as dcscribcd by
Carrubba
(1997, Ref.6).
The fbrmulac riven by Flernin,u (1992) u,crc
in'rportant
to
thc
ol jointing
rrnrl jointing
is
unclcr
considcration.
of'I, dctcrntined
llgure
Skin lriction
tlrrrt llrt'nutrrrc
sug-qcsts
the
rnay
thc
Comparison
(|
Phoon
993)
0.2
rE
CL
(E
0.18
0.16
0.14
o 0.12
o
(E
0.1
0.08
o 0.06
o
E 0.04
.9
0.02
0
weaK
ately weak
[tf
{str
-c
oG
0.1
o
(E
tr
.9
o
o
0.01
-tr
0.001
100
10
9" I 2P'
Figure 13. Alplm (a) values derived from Kulhawy and Phoon (1993)
'100000
90000
zj
80000
End
bering
-^tit:^^l
70000
(D
'= 60000
(E
o 50000
(, 40000
t,o
30000
-o
20000
.9
0000
0
12
16
20
the data
is
normalised
by twice p",
the
been
atmospheric
1800
kN a
further
Case
elsewhere.
on the Galway
End resistance
Most of the tests showed that the applied
load is being supported entirely in skin
friction on the pile shaft / rock interface and
4000 kN/mz
an
average
be
20 mm
movement
is
At
arTangement.
1000
arrangentent
"fissured",
kN/m').
T32 rebar md 76
dia. steel tube
50 N/mnz grout
Peaty clay
FRICTION AVAILABLE
strata as follows.
Interpretation
length
essential here.
It is
Tests in limestone
Three similar tests were carried out in three
Site
Rock
tlr:e
f, 1kN/nr'z)
Wood Quay
Black
Dublin
(ddh hamner)
Leixlip
Co. Kildare
"calp"
Lirrrestone
with bands
(4 tests)
(odex)
mudstone
3,750
5,000
5,000
5,000
Shannon
Fissured
7,500
Co. Clare
(odex)
limestone
-7.000
limestone
of
7. PILE DESIGN
Having established the nature
of
the
.192.mm
1.2 m socket in very
fissured weathered
granlte
Dia.
some design
in
section 5.3 above should be used. t values
can either be determined from the design
line shown on Figure 12 or from the values
listed on Table 3 below for some selected
-fcR / RQI)
/ rocK tvpc
(r'(
Dublin
>80/>10
l.500
nrcstonc
Li nrcnck
I i nrcstonc
As abovc
1.t00
Sor,rth
As aboVc
I ..s00
N/rrr
dia, pilc
tinrcs thc pilc cliirnrctcr'). Llsrng rn l. r'aluc ol2000 kN/nrr rreans that thc Q,,11 r'aluc (shali
l'rictron alonc) *'ill hc irbout 1..100 kN.
Il()\\c\CI. lh\' qIrril( :ttclS \'r'it('r'ir)lt I)tL'ilt)\
thlt thc Q,,,, rlluc ntust hc lirnitcd to 1000
KN,
2.(XX)
As lrbovc
in thc
bccldcd
Duhlin linrcstoncs. lirl cxirnrplc. hls shorl'n
it to lirlnr u scries ol'horizontal shclves, ri ith
qranltc
rlfitn I tc
rt is
suggestcd that it
rclativcly conscrvlltivc cncl bcuring valuc
(lr,) ol' 7,.500 to 20.000 kN/mr bc Lrsccl in
clcsrgn to lllou, lirr possiblc unccrturntics in
thc qualrty ol lhc pilc basc itncl llso to
cn\utc thirt lltc loud \cttlL'nt|'nt trsn0lt\c i\
controllccl to lrcccptablc lcvcls. In grlnitcs.
sinrillr to thosc cltcountcrccl rn Gllri,ay.
valucs up to 50.000 kNirnr coultl bc saltll'
iidoptcd. It is likcly that all ol'thesc values
lirlcstoncs,
.l-50 rnnt
[] irckground
Dublin
In
ol'l
I,
I
I i
Gnlu'ay
Locatron
lol
11,
Factor ol'sal'ctli
Rockct9T rnoclcl
on
Figulc l(r.
boundury condition.
lock
dccreascs
lt lbllou,s
good
pilc Ila
cornbination
ncanng
il
cncl
).
LJnit
Tcst
N,IPA
l3Lr
000
'fest l3q
2000
nrodLrlLrs
)1<
0rli,lir
Dcc
0,,',
Dcs.
-10
-1()
N,IPA
0.75
(, 2-5
0.75
0.25
0.t
0l
L)
20
25
Cohcsion
Poissor.t's
riltl()
MPrr
strcss
Scs. hcicht
Scs. lcngth
Itlrll
Laycr
thickncss
Basc
MPa
nlodul us
Basc dcbris
tlllTI
nilI
000
U
t.6
5
until
the
uspcrity shearing bccorncs lcss
bccn
Init. nrrrrnal
i',ill bc in
rcsistlncc to
that
rncchanism
It
has
r - -t
Socket
V ertic al
displacement '
of Rile
T?
dia.
D+AD
IF
Pile diameter
lDl
Bough wall of
rock socket
,I
I'
l*'"":Ti'
l.[*r
Shear
force
4000
2000
\
\\
a4
.-\
;6
tra
o,^
o tu
+ Hile 3a - Static
+Pile 3a - Rocket9T
-
+Pile
Pile
39 - Static
39 - Rocket9T
0000
2000
\
\\
\\
to
\\
\
Et+ J
-
8000
\\
t\
812
\\
6000
18
Rocket9T
ir)
b)
c)
in the modcl.
toc
PILES
8.1 Moneypoint jetty
zone
4, that is up thc
gcological
in quality
is
variable,
diff'ercnces
threc n.ronths.
Trhlr' 5:
\\,cre
Summary
Jl
Moneypoint.
lo
The bedrock
parameters, presented on
f"^,-
.,,.--,
Pile No,
Zone
LlD*
Result
4A
t.t2
Passed
l9D
2.52
Passed
26D
68D
30D
388
1.33
Passed
n/a tn sst
Passcd
0.49
Failed
0.9'7
Failed
0.87
Failed
PILE
JAA
AM nAttNESl
ffi
5AO
MMIMLM
SETEilEilT tnnl
1A
60A
20
*-=
s'5
PI[f
0.5
i l'-r
I'
38E TEST 2
uo
l
42t
0.,
,ts"-
doo
,l/
05
- -1r l1-1*'--t
i"Q
o,2
:AD
z1tL DiFLilltalt
'
ZAIIE
ii
tl
aailPqisar aF
,LAfrED
RAD T2
CAM
t5
2D
2t
j!
r-
15
5A
55
6A
E5
lC
EAtilf
PRESSM
DEPrk
BaL@r'
E Sf RE hcf H
te
24
RCC(ra{)
IN
/ N 2J
ja
,-rl''
S;
'
,r::'
I
ii
ll
lj
r{o
'-'i:,::,,",,,
|
ii
ii
ti
tZ
F.
of
3+
2 00lCF
tc
'7"',,i,'
ilEI1t
I AriaFOp.
2 54rD9t!E rl lA 4it
V4il
D]SCAFINATJES PER
FEilNEt,4aFtltt
:OrE
zsuE
::
n"
t6
ZOilE
+J
CAMPS|SAN
Site Address:
Dublin
BoringCornpleted: lll/88
Diameter of Borehole:200 mnt
Boring Coninienced. 25106/88
TNw
ot tsonng: Shell & Auger and Dlaniond lJnl
Re-duced
Tloe
Descriotion of Strata
Level
Depth
Ground Level l8.62mOD
nl
I'I'I
ill
Loose
etc
16.42
2.20
c(l
6)
CTR)
380
4.80
t3.42
520
cfl
|.42
7.20
c(20)
c(29)
10.12
850
c(l
6.92
il50
ll. 70
5.32
13.30
c(81)
c(96)
c0 l8)
c(10)
|72
16 90
1.t2
Boulder (Chiseline 3 hrs)
Boulders and Clavey gravel
Fractured grey limestone rock with very
Weathered bands
c(2),c(s)
14 82
13.82
0)
e)
("presumed" rock)
Final Level
of
12 m below
Remarks:
Chiseling 3 Hor-rrs
lnstalled lOonrnr 0 plastic pipe to I 1.70n1BGL
Cored fronr I 1.70 to l6.90mBGL
designed
chosen. On
conrpletiorr of
Figure 22.
place resulting
in a loss of
bearing
resistance.
number
of
test
occlrrred. The contractor reasoned that the
an
test,
suppofted
criterion.
9.
RECOMMENDATIONS FOR
FURTHER WORK
9.1 Further load test data
It is hoped that this paper will
be the
first in
o
o
.
.
and
pDisplacement
transducers
5.
6.
.
is
drarnctcr
Somc
7.
8.
9.
presented
tcsts
in
Ircland havc
very well and that it is possible
behaved
to generate a large load bearing capacity
even in small diameter piles.
f unction
approach is an cxcellent tool in giving
insight to pile behaviour. However carc
should
thc
3. Back analysis of
case history
data
4.
REFERENCES
causccl
by thc piling
Ircland. 1988
proccss
ol $'atcr
o1'
1989
92
pcnctr.rtion
in
l. Futurc dcvclopnrcnts
rccluircs sr-lpport
It is hopcd
10. CONCLUSIONS
the papcr.
It rvould secm that that thc nccd to limrt
grout stress in thc pilcs nray bcconrc thc
thc rock
10.
lirrr
in this
platc
ilrca
the inclustry in thc
lil-
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
I --12-5.
rr
eotttptltittn prpcr
to "Piling in
his
and
and picrs
Geo.
rvas
83.
| 995.
10. Poulos,
ll.
Europcan
Univcrsity,
Clayton, Australia.
14.
Ccotcchnical
990.
APPENDIX A
Typical dctailed output lbr CEN,ISElRockct9T analyscs att2rchcd,
and
(tb)
LOAD
rKN)
7300
0
339
678
1,017
1,356
1,695
40@
0.00100
SETTLEMENT SHORTENING
(mm)
(mm)
0.00
0.03
0.06
0.09
0.13
o.17
o.22
0.00
0.26
o.51
o.T7
1.03
1.24
1.54
MOVEMENT
{mm\
o.@
o.2a
o.57
o.85
1.16
1.45
1.76
5000q)
o.60
2,O34
4,80
2,373
2,712
o.27
0.32
2.6
2.38
3.051
0.39
2.31
2.70
2.OO
3,390
0..16
3,729
0.54
2.57
2.83
0.60
4,068
4,407
0.gl
3.O8
0.75
0.60
4,76
0.E8
3.34
3.60
3.03
3.37
3.72
4.09
5,085
5,4?4
5,763
6,102
6.441
1.(X
1.22
1.14
1.70
) (r3
6,//UU
2.12
5.14
7.$
7,119
2.e1
5.40
7A8
3.52
7,797
1.24
8.31
9.19
10.24
(mm)
8,'t36
8,475
8,8't4
6.49
8.13
0.m
9,153
9,492
5.67
5.96
6.25
6.54
6.88
7.12
7.42
2.8oE+O7
% ULT LOAD
(kN)
U
7g
1500
2250
30@
4500
5250
0.oo
6.64
13.27
19.91
26.55
39.82
$.46
60@
53.1 0
6750
7500
8250
9000
g(x)o
59.73
66.37
73.0',1
MEASURED
MOVEMENT
o.30
0.89
1.49
3.(}5
4.27
5.28
6.53
8.33
10.11
12.83
15.54
% DIA
0.00
0.18
0.15
0.25
9.831
10.33
13,.O
17.95
2.6
4.8
3.E5
4.11
4.89
4.37
5.8'l
4.62
6.33
6.91
4.EE
7.71
0,170
10,5@
25.30
u.(,t,
39.03
10,8216
73.8
a.2s
8.58
11.187
314.86
8.87
'|
0.51
o.71
5.25
1.EO
5.33
11 .50
13.O4
14.96
17.15
20.42
?q AA
J5.JU
47.32
82.O4
1)a 7a
0.88
1.11
NOTE
1.39
1.69
2.14
WBI
PRINTED 02/09/99
tv\ro hyprbolic
funciionc rnodol prcontd by W.G.K.Floming
in GeotechnQue (1992) 'A new msthod br single
pile ssttlemert prcdiction and anslysis
18.0
16.0
14.O
12.O
2
;
I
J
10.0
,4
"#
6.0
4.O
2.O
_#
#
#
W
"#
*F
2.0
F-
4.0
6.0
,P-
8.0
d#
#F
aa-
.&
d#
..* ***e
F
.F
*6/D'
-,J
MA.AA
Dcfleclim (mm)
Analysis
Parameters
Number of
Layers
'
Layer
Thickness
1 - 4.8
(m).
Graph Legend
Total
_9_
2-2.0(m)
Diameter
(mm)
Pile Modulus
3.0e+04 (MPa)
Pile
Shaft
---=-#-
600.0
Base
--------
Base Drameter
600.0 (mm)
Base Modulus
1000.0 (MPa)
Base Debris
0.0 (mm)
Base Ultimate
20.0 (MPa)
Zone of Influence
4.00 (Diameters)
Rocket9T for Windows
Date:Thu Feb 25 1999 12:41 -
a:\temple'l.rkt
20.0