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TRNG I HC Dc H NI
PHNG TH M HNH
Ni thc hin:
BM Cng nghip DcH Dc HN
SKCB:........
H NI-2011
LI CM N !
MC LC
Ch gii ch vit tt
Danh mc cc bng
Danh mc cc hnh v, th
Trang
T VN .............................................................................................................. 1
Chng 1: TNG QUAN.............................................................................................2
1.1. Cy Mng c t........................................................................................................ 2
1.1.1. Ngun gc v phn b ....................................................................................... 2
1.1.2. c im thc vt...............................................................................................2
1.1.3. B phn dng, thu hi v ch bin......................................................................3
1.1.4.
1.1.5. ng dng............................................................................................................. 5
1.1.5.1. ng dng trong y hc dn gian....................................................................... 5
1.1.5.2. ng dng trong y hc hin i........................................................................ 6
1.2.
Sn phm - a-mangostin................................................................................... 7
cu ............................12
2.1.2. Ha cht............................................................................................................. 12
1.1.3. Thit b, dng c................................................................................................12
2.2. Ni dung nghin cu............................................................................................ 13
2.2.1. Chit tch a-mangostin theo phuofng phpca M ......................... ..............13
2.2.2. La chn dung mi chit xut t 4 dungmi:ethanol 96, toluen, aceton v
ethyl acetat................................................................................................................... 13
2.2.3. Xy dng phng php chit xut a-mangostin vi dung mi l aceton..... 13
2.3. Phng php nghin cu.................................................................................... 13
2.3.1. Phng php chit xut..................................................................................... 13
2.3.1.1. Phng php chit tch a-mangostin ca M ............................................... 13
2.3.1.2. Phng php chit xut a-mangostin vi dung mi chit l aceton.............15
2.3.2. Kim a cht lng sn phm........................................................................ 16
2.3.3. Phng php nh lng...................................................................................16
Chng 3 ; THC NGHIM, KT QU V BN LUN.................................... 18
3.1. Chit tch a-mangostin theo phng php ca M.............................................18
3.1.1. Chit xut v tinh ch thu sn phm............................................................... 18
3.1.2. Kim tra cht lng sn phm..........................................................................20
3.2. La chn dung mi chit xut t 4 dung mi: ethanol 96, toluen, aceton v
ethyl acetat.................................................................................................................. 23
3.2.1. nh gi hiu sut chit xut............................................................................24
3.2.2. nh gi h s chn lc (a)..............................................................................26
3.2.3. Nhn xt chung................................................................................................. 28
3.3. Xy dng pp chit xut a-mangostin vi dung mi chit l aceton................. 28
3.3.1. Tin hnh........................................................................................................... 28
3.3.2. Kt qu...............................................................................................................31
3.3.3. nh gi............................................................................................................ 32
KT LUN V KIN NGH.................................................................................... 34
TI LIU THAM KHO
PH LC
CH GII CH VIT TT
pp :
phong php
dd :
dung dch
DANH MC CC BNG
Trang
DANH MC CC HNH V, s , TH
Trang
Hnh 2.1. S quy trnh chit xut a-mangostin theo phng php ca M......14
Hnh 2.2. S quy nh chit xut vi dung mi chit l aceton........................... 15
Hnh 3.1. Hnh nh sc k lp mng ca sn phm................................................... 21
Hnh 3.2. Biu hiu sut chit a-mangostin qua cc ln chit............................. 26
Hnh 3.3. Ta bng ca sn phm th 2 trong hn hp ethnol-nc-acid acetic....31
Hnh 3.4. Sn phm a-mangostin.............................................................................. 31
T VN
Qu mng ct c bit n l n hong tri cy , ngoi hng v thom
ngon cn l mt dc liu v cng qu gi. v qu c s dng rng ri trong y
hc dn gian ca nhiu nc cha bnh tiu chy, l, vng da.... Nghin cu ha
thc vt cho thy qu mng ct cha cc xanthon, lavonod, triterpenoid,...Cc
hp cht ny th hin hot tnh khng khun, chng nm, chng khi u,... c bit
l xanthon (hp cht thuc nhm chng oxy ha c ngun gc thc vt
(polyphenol)) c c tnh gip vt thng mau lnh, chng oxy ha, gim au,
khng khun,... iu ny thu ht s quan tm ca nhiu nh khoa hc trn th gii
v Vit Nam.
Trong cc xanthon c tm thy t v qu mng ct, a-mangostin l hp
cht c quan tm v nghin cu nhiu nht. Cc nghin cu cho thy amangostin c tc dng chng oxy ha, chng d ng, c hot tnh khng sinh, khng
nm, c ch HIV-1 protease v c tc dng chng ung th,.... C th ni y l mt
hp cht tim nng trong iu tr nhiu loi bnh. Tuy nhin, trn th trng hin
nay cha c ch phm cha a-mangostin tinh khit. N ch yu c ong thnh phn
cc sn phm t dch chit v qu nh thc phm chc nng, m phm, vn
chit xut hot cht ny c nghin cu bi Hans-Peter Ignatow, Rainer
Sobotta (2005), song dung mi s dng c hi (toluen,...), do vic m bo an
ton lao ng l rt cn thit. Ti Vit Nam th cha thy c nghin cu no v k
thut chit xut a-mangostin c cng b.
Nhm gp phn a ra phng php chit xut a-mangostin c th p dng
c vi iu kin Vit Nam, chng ti tin hnh thc hin ti: NGHIN
CU
QU MNG CT
Hu, cy ny cn c
c,
D,
E,
mangostinon, garcimangoson A, B,
c,
gartanin, egonol,
Y -
o"
hC
ll-hydroxy-1-isomangostin
OH
"O"'"CH
Garcinon c
o
Garcinon D
-.
5
-mangostin
'1 .
OI- o
OH
C O'" : : OH
- ^
H
"I
8-deoxygartanin
Gartanin
CH
HO
HO'
'
o
8
a -mangostin
Garcinon E
OH
9
Demethylcalabaxanthon
Y"I
o OH
Meo. 1 A . A ^
Meu.
OMe
0'
11
l,6-dihydroxy-7-methoxy
12
p -mangostin
Mangostenone A
-8-(3-methyl-but-2-enyl)
-6,6 -dimethylpyrano
(2 ,3 :3,2)xanthon
OH
-r""''--
1 1
H,CO
Y::;
0 OH
13
Calabaxanthon
Tovophyllin B
15
3-isomangostin
9-Hydroxycalabaxanthon
1.1.5. ng dng
V qu Mng ct c s dng rng ri trong Y hc c truyn khng ch
Vit Nam, m cn c s dng ti nhiu nc chu . ng thi, tc dng dc
l cng c quan tm nghin cu.
1.1.5.1. ng dng trong y hc dn gian
- Mng ct c s dng theo y hc dn gian nhiu quc gia nh n ,
Thi Lan, Malaysia, Philippin,...vi tc dng cha l, tiu chy, vng da, chng d
ng, iu tr hen suyn,...
- Ti Vit Nam, theo ng y, v qu mng ct c v chua cht, tnh bnh, i
vo hai kinh ph v i trng, c cng nng thu lim, sp trng, ch huyt,
v qu
dig tr tiu chy, kit l, ng c thc n; khi bnh thuyn gim th thi s dng,
dng lu sinh to bn. Nc sc v qu cng c dng tht ra m o trong
trng hp b bnh bch i kh h.
bt mn. Khi n phi nhng thc n i thiu gy ri lon tiu ha, n khng tiu, i
t, nn ma... nn ly ngay mt tha bt thuc ni trn ha vi nc un si, cho
thm t mui trng, ung ngay lc nc cn nng s thy .
1.1.5.2. ng dng trong y hc hin i
a/ Dc tnh tng qut
V qu cha tanin c th kim c tiu chyj'^
Cc hp cht flavonoid c tc dng c ch hot ng sinh acid ca
Streptococcus mutans GS-5
Mng ct cha cc xanthon c tnh chng oxy ha v nhng tc dng khc.
Cht ny thuc vo nhm cht chng oxy ha c ngun gc thc vt gi l
polyphenol. C khong 40 xanthon c nhn dng trong i mng ct, nhiu nht
l v qu. Nhng xanthon c bit gm a -mangostin, -mangostin v y -
OH
'OCH
X .
H
Cng thc cu to:
TO
Hoc
1,3,6-trihydroxy-7-methoxy-2,8-di-(3-methyl-2-
buteny l)-xanthone^ *
- Tnh c h t: tinh th mu vng ( t benzen ), nhit nng chy : 181.6 182.6c. Thc t khng tan trong nc, tan trong alcol, ether, aceton, chloroform,
ethyl acetat.
1.2.2. nh tnh v nh lng
1.2.2.1. nh tnh
Khi tc dng vi FeCla th cho mu lc en nht.
1.2.2.2. nh lng
Cc tc gi Trung Quc a ra phoTig php kh on gin v hiu qu
nhm nh lng hot cht ny, trong s dng h pha ng l methanol-nc^l
Cc tc gi Thi Lan th tin hnh vi pha ng l acid phosphoric 0,1% v/v acetonitril^''^l
1.2.3. Tc dng dc l
Trong s cc xanthon, hot cht c nghin cu su rng nht l nhng
mangostin, trong c a-mangostin. Dc s Trn Vit Hng v dc s L Vn
Nhn tng hp tc dng dc l ca cc hp cht t v qu Mng ct. Tc dng
dc l ca a-mangostin v dn cht ca n gm c:
- Tc dng c ch h thn kinh trung ng: a-mangostin to ra nhng phn
ng c ch thn kinh ung ng gy cc triu chng nh gim au, gim hot ng
ca thn kinh vn ng, tng cng hot tnh gy ng v gy m ca pentobarbital.
- Tc dng trn h tim mch: Mangostin-3,6-di-0-glucosid to ra cc hiu
ng r rt trn h tim mch ca ch v ch; gy kch thch c tim, tng huyt p.
- Tc dng chng vim:
+ B mn sinh hc phn t i hc Tohoku (Nht Bn) chng minh
dung dch methanol v mng ct c tc dng i khng chn lc th th H-1 v th
th serotonin 5-HT2A.
10
lng mui trng thnh bng cch s dng a-mangostin kt hp vi 3 ,6 ,8 trihydroxy-2-methoxy-l,7-bis(3-niethyl butenyl) xanthen-9-one, hoc dng mui,
hydrat hay solvat ca cht ny. C s ca tc dng da trn liu c ca amangostin.
Tuy c nhiu li ch nh nu trn, song trn th trng hin nay cha c
ch phm cha a-mangostin tinh Idiit. N ch yu c trong thnh phn cc sn
phm t dch chit v qu nh thc phm chc nng hay m phm. V vy, nghin
cu v pht trin sn phm cha hot cht ny l vn ng quan tm.
Tuy nhin, vic tin hnh tng hp ton phn a-mangostin kh phc
11
12
Toluen
Ethanol 96'
Methanol
Aceton
Ethyl aceUit
Nc ct 2 ln
cu:v BCHI
13
nhit nng chy, tin !inh chy sc k lp mng v o cc ph: ph hng ngoi
(IR), ph cng hng lr ht nlin proton (*H-NMR) v ph khi lng (MS).
2.2.2. La chn dunp;
nc cao.
+ C tnh k',
kim.
aceton
Xy dng pliir i'j, pli;'p chit xut v tinh ch a-mangostin m bo c
cc yu t sau:
- Quy trnh c' . ,in, . thc hin.
g' .
i a-mangostin ca M
14
B t v
nc
Iii ii c u t
c h i t
< --------------------
b t i
to lu e n
I.C
f
d c h c h i t
d u im r
c chan
1f
UI.
; wii c l n i d
k t tin h
l c
c c h th u
to u e n
. l a l n 1
ho
k h u y tr n
tun
u u n e d c h 1
k
11 c
'
l c
c c h th u v
in a l n 2
to i ne n
k h u y tr n
d u n g d c h 2
k i tin h
i c
c
sy
]
t o l u e n + e t h y le n g l y c o
s p h m t h 1
k h u y tr n
ir-'i
lVi- M
^
VV./
: .........
p h a n l p
>
i i c h e tl- iy e n g l y c o l
k i tin h
n c c:
-----
sy
e th a n o th m n c t t
- l i . n i th 2 h
J
k h u y tr i
/
Oi p h
c c h l
t o t i
'1^
c \ sa)^
Hnh 2.1. S quy trin'i c!i xut a-mangostin theo phng php ca M
15
o S quy trnh:
I f ti
b dc liu
chit
^ -------------- aceton
..... ^1
dch cllit
dung mi
thu hi
:i i :.,;
ncthan
dicloromethan
.cch thu
khuy trn
than hot
b than hot -*
nc ci '
;:o
ha tan
^p (Xg YIQ
kuy trn
nc ci
ra
nc ra
ethanol - mrc
i K
a\', cn
n
16
17
dch lc u. nh lng hot cht ong dch chit vi dung mi pha long l
methanol, h s pha long l 2,7 .
o Mau th t dch chit dc liu nhm xc nh hiu sut chit:
nh lng hot cht trong dch chit ln 1, ln 2, ln 3 vi dung
mi pha long l methanol, h s pha long ln lt l l 100; 25 v 6,25 .
o Mu th t dch chit dc liu nhm xc nh h s chn lc:
nh lng hot cht trong dch chit vi dung mi pha long l
methanol, h s pha long l 25.
o Mau th l sn phm:
Cn chnh xc 0,015 g sn phm cho vo bnh nh mc 100 mL.
Thm va methanol, lc cho ha tan hon ton. Thm methanol n vch, ta
c dung dch th.
c. Chun b dung dch chun ;
Cn chnh xc 0,015 g chun, v tin hnh nh vi mu sn phm.
d. nh lng:
Dung dch chun v th c lc qua mng lc 0,45 im.
TR:N(; H DUC K N
TH S\n.u
Ngy ...... hny
1
2QA.. \
SoKCB:......... l . l ..............i
18
M t quy trnh
Giai on 1 : Chun b nguyn liu
V qu Mng ct ti c thi mng, sy 70*^c trong 24 gi, sau em
xay thnh bt th, ry (mt ry 2 mm) thu c bt dc liu th. Xc nh m
(a); kt qu: a = 4,56 %. Cn 200 g bt dc liu th, trn u vi 100 mL nc,
18 gi.
Giai on 2: Chit xut.
Tin hnh theo phng php ngm nng, dung mi l toluen (O^TO^^C).
Cc thng s k thut ca qu nh chit xut:
- Khi lng dc liu: 200 g.
- Th tch dung mi: 500 mL/ln chit.
- Thi gian chit: 3 gi/ln chit.
- S ln chit; 2.
- Khuy trn: 30 pht/ln.
- Nhit chit:65-70C
Cch tin hnh: Cho bt dc liu m vo bnh cu, thm dung mi, khuy
trn u dung mi tip xc tt vi dc liu, c khong 30 pht khuy 1 ln. Sau
3 gi, thu dch chit ln 1. Tip theo li dung mi mi vo chit m sau v
tin hnh tng t thu dch chit ln 2 .
Giai on 3: Tinh ch
+ Bc 1: To sn phm th 1
19
+Bc 2: To sn phm th 2
Ha tan sn phm th 1 trong 60 mL hn hp ethylen glycol v toluen
(5--l). Tin hnh khuy trn trong ni cch thy 80*^c cho ti khi sn phm th 1
tan hon ton, ri chuyn hn lip trn vo bnh gn, phn lp nhit phng
v chit ly lp pha di thu c dung dch ethylen glycol. yn 10*^c trong
24 gi cho kt tinh. Lc v ra tinh th vi 2 mL toluen lnh, ri sy tinh th 70c
t-ong 60 pht thu c sn phm th 2 .
20
tnc= 181,7c
o s c k lp mng
+ Cch tin hnh: Tin hnh chy sc k lp mng vi mu sn phm thu
c theo 3.1.1 v mu sn phm ny c kt tinh li trong ethylen glycol
trn 2 h dung mi:
+ H 1: Ether du ha - aceton (80
20)
21
H 1
H 2
H,CO
CH,
Vmax(crn->)
Nhm chc
3420,4-3263,0
0-H
2919,5
CIQ-H (lin kt
hydro ni phn t)
1640,3
c=c (alken)
1608,2
1581,3
c=0
c-o-c (diaryl,
1273,3
1198,3
aralkyl ether)
C-OH
22
+ Nhn xt:
- Hydro trn nhm -O H carbon s 1 c kh nng to lin kt hydro ni
phn t vi nhm -C = 0 carbon s 9 nn trn ph IR quan st c gii
hp th c trng ca nhm c = 0 l 1581,3 cm' v C '0-H l 2919,5 em '.
Cc nhm 0-H cn li khng to lin kt hydro, c gii hp th l 3263,03420,4 cm-\
- Kt qu phn tch ph hng ngoi cho php chng ti nhn bit cc gii
hp th c ng ca cc nhm chc in hnh ca a-mangostin.
o Ph cng hng t ht nhn (^H-NMR)
+ Cch tin hnh: Gi mu kim a. Ph *H-NMR ca sn phm c
xc nh trn my AV 500 MHz ti phng phn tch ph cng hng t
ca Vin Ha hc Vit Nam vi dung mi CDCI3.
+ Kt qu: Thu c ph cng hfng t ht nhn ca sn phm (xem ph
lc 3).
C24H 26O6
(ppm)
1,69
1,77
1,83
1,84
3,45
3,81
4,09
5,25-5,30
6,15
6,29-6,31
6,31
6,83
13,76
Vi tr H
3H, s, H3
3H, s,
H3
3H, s, H3
3H, s, c ' H3
2 H ,d ,C H2
3H, s, 0 -CH3
2H, d ,C H2
2H, t, u + u
m , s, -OH
1H, S, u
1H, S, C'H
1H, S, -OH
1H, S, C-OH
+ Nhn xt:
-
23
3.2. La chn dung mi chit xut a-mangostin t 4 dung mi: ethanol 96,
toluen, aceton v ethyl acetat
Trn c s chn l dung mi c kh nng ha tan a-mangostin, d kim,
d thu hi, chng ti tin hnh kho st mt s dung mi sau : ethanol 96, toluen,
aceton v ethyl acetat.
24
Qo X f X V X 10^
T c - ___________ __________ X 100 (%)
nidixCdi
Trong :
Co
: Nng
nidi
Cdi
: hm
- Ket qu:
Kt qu th hin bng sau;
25
- Nhn xt:
+ Hiu sut ca qu nh chit xut sau 1 ln chit sp xp theo th t gim
dn tng ng vi cc dung mi l: aceton > toluen > ethyl acetat > ethanol 96.
26
84.03
80 2
60 3* 40 <S
0>
20 0 Ethanol
96%
Ethyl acetat
Aceton
Toluen
Dung mi
27
C o X x V x 10
a =
-6
Trong :
Co
Co
Ethanol 96"
56.5
156.27
0.9353
0.2360
Ethyl acetat
53.0
82.35
0.3690
0.2957
Aceton
62.0
137.75
0.3299
0.6472
Toluen
60.5
122.77
0.3326
0.5583
- Nhn xt:
H s chn lc sp xp theo th t
nh sau: aceton > toluen > ethyl acetat > ethanol 96.
28
29
a/ M t quy trnh:
Giai on 1: Chun b nguyn liu
V qu Mng ct ti c thi mng, sy 70c trong 24 gi, sau
em xay thnh bt th, ry (mt ry 2 mm) thu c bt dc liu th. Xc nh
m (a); kt qu: a = 4,56 %. Cn 200 g bt dc liu th.
Giai on 2: Chit xut
Tin hnh theo phong php ngm nng, dung mi l aceton. Cc thng s
k thut ca qu trnh chit xut:
- Khi lng dc liu: 200 g.
- Th tch dung mi: 1000 mL/ln chit.
- Thi gian chit: 30 phln chit.
- S ln chit: 2.
- Khuy trn: 15 phln.
- Nhit chit:40-45'^C.
- Siu m.
Cch tin hnh: Cho bt dc liu vo bnh cu, thm dung mi, khuy trn
u dung mi tip xc tt vi dc liu, lp bnh cu vo b siu m v tin hnh
siu m mc 1, gia nhit trong khong 40-45C, c khong 15 pht khuy 1 ln.
Sau 30 pht, thu dch chit ln 1. Tip theo li dung mi mi vo chit m sau
v tin hnh tng t thu dch chit ln 2 .
30
Giai on 3: Tnh ch
+ Bc 1: To sn phm th 1
70ctrong 30 pht
31
1. SP ca pp dng dm toluen
2. SP th 1 ca pp dng dm aceton
3. SP ca pp dng dm aceton
Tnh ton hiu sut quy nh chit xut a-mangostin. Hiu sut quy trnh
chit xut c tnh theo cng thc:
m,sp
X 100 (%)
n idixC di
Trong :
: hiu sut quy trnh chit xut,
risp: khi lng sn phm thu c (g)
iHdi: khi lng dc liu kh em chit (g).
Cdi :
32
Thng s
tnc(C)
m (g)
T (%)
Kt qu
177,4
3,62
40,95
Trong :
tnc: nhit nng ch ca sn phm
m : khi lng sn phm thu c
r| : hiu sut quy trnh
3.3.3. nh gi
nh gi pp chit xut a-mangostin vi dung mi chit l aceton mi xy
dng (pp 2), chng ti tin hnh so snh vi pp ca M (pp 1).
Qua qu trnh thc nghim, v t nhng kt qu thu c, chng ti c bng
so snh sau:
Bng 3.6. Kt qu v sn phm ca 2 quy trnh
---- Phng php
Thng s
Nhit nng chy ca sn phm (*^C)
Khi lng sn phm (g)
Hiu sut quy trnh (%)
pp 1
pp2
181,7
177,4
2,84
3,62
32,13
40,95
33
Nhn xt:
Phng php chit xut a-mangostin vi dung mi chit l aceton c nhng
u im sau:
- Dung mi c mc c hi v gi thnh chp nhn c, d kim.
- Cch tin hnh n gin v tn klii g nhiu thi gian.
- Hiu sut cao hn so vi pp ca M.
34
Kt lun:
Mc d thi gian c hn v iu kin !h\rc nghim cn th s, chng ti vn
t c 3 mc tiu ra. C th nh sau :
1. chit xut v phn lp c a-mangostin theo pht minh ca
M. chng minh c sn phm chnh l a-mangostn v c tinh
khit cao qua cc kt qu kim nghim v nhit nng chy, sc k lp
mng, ph hng ngoi, ph cng hng t ht nhn *H v ph khi lng.
2.
xut:
Trn y l nhng kt qu nghin c'ru bc u, lm c s cho nhng
nghin cu tip theo. Chng ti xin xut:
1. Ci tin quy trnh mi xy dng thu c sn phm c cht
lng cao hn.
2. Tip tc nghin cu cc t! ng s k thut nh hng n kh
nng chit xut a-mangostin; nhit chit xut, s ln chit, thi gian chit
v nh hng ca yu t siu m.
Tt Li (1999), Mng ct, Nmn, cv thuc, v thuc Vit Nam, tr. 428.
Chaivisuthangkura,
Chaovanahkit,
As u a
Amommart
Prenylated X an th o n e
of Garcinia mangostana
C o iro o sitio n
3-nitropropionic acid in
i ag ain st
la
o steen
j o f alpha-mangostin as a mosquito
Malathi, V. Kabaleeswara i. . S.
PH L C
i (iiicg/mL))
STT
50
1665537
100
3300035
150
5003634
200
6670869
250
8215082
2.5
2.0
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