Architectural Scope of Works

Finishes and facades

List of finishes and facades selected by the architect are mostly consists of timber, cement
render, glass, ceramic, marble, granite and aluminium. Various consideration and prevention
measure has to be taken during the design and especially during construction to avoid
problems related to facade such as:
i.
ii.
iii.
iv.
v.
vi.
vii.
viii.

Cracking
Staining/discolouration
Sealant failures
Efflorescence
Rising dampness/water penetration
Corrosion
Buckling/deflection
Tile/plaster delamination

The types of facades affected by each defects are shown in the table below.

Defects
Cracking
Straining/discolouration
Sealant defects
Efflorescence
Rising damp/Water penetration
Misalignment and chip off
Corrosion
Delamination
Surface appearance
(a) Erosion due to rain water
(b) Surface abrasion
(c) Surface etching

Cement
render
X
X
X
X

Tiles

Building facades
Aluminiu
Natural
m

X
X
X
X
X
X

X
X

stone
X
X
X
X
X
X

Glass
X
X
X

X
X

X
X
X
X

To avoid or minimize the defect to the facades, several things need to be considered in the
design and construction.
i.

A proper analysis of wind design should be made since cladding elements can be
affected by short duration high speed gusting, local wind pressure and suction
effects.

ii.

Construction/fixing of the cladding elements should be made by knowledgeable

iii.

iv.

contractor or specialist.
Attention on the joint sealants.
- Proper joint design
- Appropriate choice of sealant
- Good surface preparation and workmanship in installation of the sealant
- Consideration on the thermal/moisture changes in the design
- Consideration on the ultraviolet radiation and high temperature and humidity
Obtain accurate information from manufacturers to avoid misuse or inappropriate
choice and use of materials

Space, Light, and Ventilation (UBBL Part III)

i.

(42) Minimum area of rooms in residential buildings

Smallest size apartment: C1, C4, C5, C6, C7, C1-G, C4-G, C5-G (14m x 11.6m)
Requirement
Rooms minimum area:
1st: 11.0m2
2nd: 9.3m2
Others: 6.5m2
Width of every habitable room shall not be < 2m
The area and width of kitchen shall not be < 4.5m2 and

Area of smallest apartments

23.9m2
14.9m2
14.8m2
3.3m (width of smallest room)
10.8m2 and 1.6m

1.5 m

Checked: sufficient
ii.

(43) Minimum dimensions of latrines, water-closets and bathrooms

Smallest size apartment: C1, C4, C5, C6, C7, C1-G, C4-G, C5-G (14m x 11.6m)
Requirement
Water closet with pedestal-type: 1.5m x 0.75m
Water closet other than pedestal-type: 1.25m x

Area of smallest apartments

1.8m x 0.88m (smallest)
-

0.75m
Bathrooms: 1.5m2 (width not < 0.75m)
Bathrooms with close fittings: 2m2 (width not <

3.7m2 (width 1.7m)

0.75m)

Checked: sufficient

iii.

(44) Height of rooms in residential buildings, shop houses, schools, etc

All houses: 3.2m (floor to floor)

Checked: sufficient
iv.

(46) Heights of rooms in buildings

Requirement
The height of any basement shall not < 3.0m

Height
Basement 1: 3.5m

Basement 2: 3.5m
The height of ground floor parking shall not <2.5 m Ground floor parking: 5m
The height of headroom shall not < 2m
The height of any verandah shall not < 3.0 m
-

Checked: sufficient
Rain Water down Pipe (RWDP)
During the construction, it is important to make sure the RWDP positions are aligned
accordingly. This is to avoid complication in installing the RWDP.

Columns Positioning
The column arrangement as proposed by the architect are to be amended where the C&S
consultant would like to introduce additional columns in certain location due to the fact that
the column arrangement made by the architect are unable to fully support the overall building
structure.

M&E Scope of Works

Installation

Flat slab framing system

The implementation of flat slab system for the project benefits the installation of M&E
services. Flat slab framing was done without requiring internal beams which avoid hacking
into structural system of the structure during M&E installation works. Besides that, this
feature also benefits the M&E scope of works in terms of:
i.
ii.
iii.
iv.

Reduces M&E design team coordination effort and risk of error

Allows flexibility in design and adaptability in use.
Permits maximum off site fabrication of services.
Higher quality work and quicker installation.

Hacking of slab for M&E services installation works shall be according to these:
i.

Holes next to the column should be small and limited to two and on opposite sides
rather than on adjacent sides of the column as this will affect the design shear

ii.

perimeter of the column.

The size and location of these holes should be indicated in the design stage to

iii.

allow coordination.
Large services holes should be located away from the column strips and column
heads in the centre of the bays. Again, the location and size of the holes should be
agreed early in the design stage.

Building services under M&E scope of works:

i.
ii.
iii.
iv.
v.

Communication lines, telephones and IT networks

Energy supply (gas, electricity & renewable sources)
Fire detection and protection
Heating, ventilation and air conditioning
Lightning protection

vi.
vii.
viii.

Natural and artificial lighting

Security and alarm systems
Water drainage and plumbing

Reinforcement for M&E services opening

Fire safety
All installed M&E services especially electrical circuit and energy supply system should be
protected from fire. Therefore for this project, passive fire proofing such as calcium silicate
boards are recommended to encase M&E services lines before installation of ceiling board
Calcium silicate is commonly used for high temperature
insulation material and formed into cladding for passive fire
protection. Since this material is easily damaged by water,
silicon treated sheets should be fabricated to mitigate potential
harm from high humidity or general presence of water.