8/18/2015

CharacteristicsofdigitalIC's

CharacteristicsofdigitalIC's
24.02.2010

Propagationdelaytime
FANOUTfactor
Outputcharacteristics
Overviewofbasictypes(TTL,TTLOC,TTLLS,CMOS,HCMOS)

Propagationdelaytime
Propagation delay time is defined as time needed for d. device to change states of it's outputs after
changingofstateshasoccuronit'sinputs.E.G.NOTlogicdeviceconvertslogic"1"atinputintologic
"0" at output, it would be ideal if this conversion take place immediately, but it take some time and
thatisourdelaytime.Digitaldevicewithsmallerp.d.timeisbetter,becauseitcanoperateathigher
frequencieswhichisessentialinmoderndigitalcircuits.
Mostcommonvaluesofp.d.timeinordinarydigitalIC'sare1020ns.
FANOUTfactor
FOfactorisnumberwhichtellsushowmanyTTLcompatibledeviceswecanconnecttooneoutputof
digitaldevicepreservingvoltageleveloflogicsignalsindeterminedrange:
0.8vmaxforlogic"0"
2.4vminforlogic"1"
Commonvalueis10TTLLS(itmeansthatmax.10d.deviceofTTLLStypecanbeconnectedonone
output).
Outputcharacteristics
OutputsofdigitalIC'scanbedividedintothreegroups:
Bipolaroutputs(TPtotempole)areordinaryTTLoutputswhichcangeneratebothlogic"1"and
"0".
Unipolaroutputs(OCopencollector)cangenerateonly"0"andatlogic"1"thetransistoris
turnedoffandacquiredvoltagelevelisobtainedbyresistorconnectedtopower.Theseoutputs
areusedwhenisneededtoconnectmorelogicoutputsonsameline(bus).
Tristateoutputs(TS)havecharacteristicsofbipolaroutputsbutinadditiontheyhavethird
state(stateofhighimpedance)whichallowsthemtobeconnectedontobuslines.
Overviewofbasictypesofdigitaldevices
TTLtechnology (74xx) is most common technology in basic logic circuits, and it can be
characterizedbytwobasicfactors:
Delaytimeofaprox.20nsperlogicgate.
Powerconsumptionofcca.15mA/logicgate
TTLLS(lowshottky:74LSxx)ischaracterizedbymuchlowerpowerconsumptionthenordinary
TTLpreservingsameoperatingspeed:
Delaytimeofaprox.20nsperlogicgate.
Powerconsumptionofcca.4mA/logicgate
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8/18/2015

CharacteristicsofdigitalIC's

TTLOC (there isn't special mark for those circuits but they can be identified by different
number:7400fourNANDgate,7401fourNANDgatewithopencollector)thesed.deviceshave
similarpropertiesasordinaryTTLbuttheyhaveextendeddelaytime(comparedwithTTL)when
changingstatefromlogic"0"to"1":cca.50nspropagationdelaytimeforchangingfrom"0"to
"1"and20nsforchangingfrom"1"to"0".
CMOS(4xxx) technology makes possible to manufacture digital devices with very low power
consumptionwhichismainadvantageofthistechnology:
Powerconsumptionofcca.0.7microA/logicgate
HCMOS (high speed CMOS: 74HCTxx) allows digital circuits to operate at higher frequencies
preservinglowpowerconsumptionwhichismaincharacteristicofallCMOSdevices:
Delaytimeofaprox.8nsperlogicgate.

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