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Univ****** of ******* *** ********** ** *****

Research Proposal
**** *****
Background
Graphene has attracted dense research attention, and a wide range of experiments have been
conducted to ******** its physical characteristics. It has been discovered that in graphene the
electron transport is *********** governed by Diracs (relativistic) equation, and the charge
carriers in graphene mimic relativistic particles with zero rest mass and have an ********* speed
of light c*.[1] With respect to electrics and electronics, graphene was found to be metallic and
********* a pronounced ******** field effect,[2] due to its condensed charge carriers.

Prospective
According to its unique electronic properties, graphene will assign access to the subtle and rich
physics of quantum electrodynamics in a bench-top experiment.[1]
Its 2-dimensional honeycomb-like carbon structure ************* graphene to be flexible,[3]
*************, and anisotropic. The presence of negatively charged groups and the conductivity
of graphene prepared by ******* and ******* method **** ** ** ********** ****** for the
immobilization of ********** charged ********* in ****************, [4] These *********
********** allow the *********** of super capacitors, ***** ***** *******, ***********
electrodes, and so forth.
The application of morphed graphene to ********** is ********** recently in electrochemistry
studies. Qualitative analysis of molecules in fluid phases has been achieved by ******* in which
graphene serves as the ********** component,[5] however, quantitative *********** have yet to
evolve. Electrochemical, spectral, and microscopic study of graphene modified electrodes showed
its ******* capability in ******* redox reactions.[6]

General Plan
There are multiple ************ of graphene, among which *****-layer and ****-layer graphene
can be prepared. Both ********** should be obtained to ***** applicative needs. Considering the
stability and ************, the ******* and ******* method and SiO2 ********* are favorable
ones that can produce applicable graphene, though, ***** deposition and plasma *********** are
sometimes necessary for ******* **** *********** stability and ***** requirements of *****
products.
As to ************ of electrodes, with ********* graphene, the first step will be ******** to
silica bases or directly to ****** carbon electrodes. I should explore different *********** of
dispersion ***** and *********** conditions, and even the ******** to adhere.

The carriage of different ********* will be in question as well. ********* will measure the
structures and the *************** properties of these electrodes. As ******** *** *****,
graphene ******** devices can detect organic ********* in ******** and small ********* in the
air. It also ****** as * ******** for redox reactions on ********** in **** *****. Graphene will
be installed in *************** mature ********* in order to test its performance in
*************** ******* and *********. Doping with ********* ********* will also be
accomplished to modify the ********* of graphene devices and to ****** the best composition.

References
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2.
3.
4.
5.
6.

Novoselov KS, Geim AK; Nature, Vol. 438, 10 Nov. 2005


Novoselov KS, Jiang D; PNAS, Vol. 102, No. 30, July 26 2005
Wang D, Li F; ACS Nano, Vol. 3, No. 7, 1715-1752, 2009
Li H, Chen J; Talanta, 79, 165-170, 2009
Wang Y, Li Y; Electrochemistry Comm., 11, 889-892, 2009
Nallathambi V, Lee JW; J. Power Sources, 183, 34-42, 2008

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