Professional Documents
Culture Documents
BY
DHRUV KADWANI 18
ANIL KANOJIA 19
PRAVIN NISHAR 27
PRATIK PANCHAL 29
VIBIN THOMAS 44
GUIDE
Prof. PRIYA KAMBLE
N.M. DEGREE COLLEGE OF COMMERCE
KANDIWALI-WEST
MUMBAI-400067
MUMBAI UNIVERSITY
MUMBAI
YEAR: 2009-10
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EVALUATION CERTIFICATE
This is to certify that the undersigned have assessed and evaluated the research project “A
STUDY ON CONSUMER PREFERENCE TOWARDS CADBURY AND NESTLE
CHOCOLATES IN ANDHERI A WESTERN SUBURB OF MUMBAI CITY”
submitted by Dhruv Kadwani, Anil Kanojiya, Pravin Nishar, Pratik Panchal, Vibin
Thomas. The project has been accepted for the partial fulfillment of the degree of
Bachelor of Management Studies.
Signature Signature
Name Name
Date Date
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DECLARATION BY THE STUDENTS
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UNIVERSITY OF MUMBAI
CERTIFICATE
This is to certify that Mr. Dhruv kadwani, Anil Kanojiya, Pravin Nishar,
Pratik Panchal, Vibin Thomas, Of S.Y.BMS Semester III has completed the
specified team work in the subject of Research Methods in Business in
satisfactorily manner within this institute as laid down by University of
Mumbai during the academic year 2009 – 2010.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
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Every piece of hard work requires the combined efforts and talents of many people. An
ambitious work of this kind, providing analytical review to the subject would have
remained a concept rather than the finished product without cooperation of those who
respondent to our request to contribute. However, we all are responsible for any
shortcomings remained in this report.
We are very much graceful to our respected Prof. Priya Kamble of NIRANJANA
MAJITHIA DEGREE COLLEGE OF COMMERCE, who has enriched my knowledge
and gave us a moral support to do this report. We are also highly thankful to her for
showing the right path and encouraging us for the preparation of this report.
We are very much thankful to those people who give us their valuable time and related
information about Nestle and Cadbury Chocolate.
Last but not the least; we are thankful to our entire staff members and our friends who
have helped us directly or indirectly in preparing this report.
Preface
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University. Our BMS course is of administrative and managerial activity of industrial,
Business or service organization. The main objective of this project study is to help the
students to develop ability of research of the products and practical technique to solve
real life problem related to the products.
In this grand project report we have tried to analyze the needs of the customers and
suggest them the most suitable product solutions, as well as we have also analyzed the
brand awareness among the people.
INDEX
PAGE NO.
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3 RESEARCH METHODOLOGY 28-44
4 FINDINGS 45-47
5 SUGGESTIONS 48-49
6 CONCLUSION 50-51
7 REFERENCE 52-53
8 APPENDIX 54-58
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INTRODUCTION
INTRODUCTION
In this research we have surveyed the product performance and buying behavior
of two famous brands of chocolates – Nestle and Cadbury, which are consumed by people
of all ages. During this research we have interacted with people of “Mumbai”. After this
research we came to know how people perceives these products on the variables like price,
quality, advertisement, satisfaction, taste, packaging, brand loyalty etc. We also
came to know which particular brand of chocolate is most preferred by people of different
age groups.
In this research we have surveyed that how frequently and how much chocolate
they consume, whether they buy small, big or family pack. Trend of ongoing changes in
their likings has been shown in the report. In this report we have tried to explain the entire
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research and facts product wise.
CONSUMER PREFERENCE
All marketing starts with the consumer. So consumer is a very important person to a
marketer. Consumer decides what to purchase, for whom to purchase, why to purchase,
from where to purchase, and how much to purchase. In order to become a successful
marketer, he must know the liking or disliking of the customers. He must also know the
Time and the quantity of goods and services, a consumer may purchase, so that he may
store the goods or provide the services according to the likings of the consumers. Gone are
the days when the concept of market was let the buyer’s beware or when the market was
mainly the seller’s market. Now the whole concept of consumer’s sovereignty
prevails. The manufacturers produce and the sellers sell whatever the consumer likes. In
this sense, “consumer is the supreme in the market”.
As consumers, we play a very vital role in the health of the economy local, national or
international. The decision we make concerning our consumption behavior affect the
demand for the basic raw materials, for the transportation, for the banking, for
the production; they effect the employment of workers and deployment of resources
and success of some industries and failures of others. Thus marketer must understand this.
Preference (Or "taste") is a concept, used in the social sciences, particularly economics. It
assumes a real or imagined "choice" between alternatives and the possibility of rank
ordering of these alternatives, based on happiness, satisfaction, gratification, enjoyment,
Utility they provide. More generally, it can be seen as a source of motivation. In cognitive
sciences, individual preferences enable choice of objectives/goals.
The study of the consumer preference not only focuses on how and why consumers make
buying decision, but also focuses on how and why consumers make choice of the goods
they buy and their evaluation of these goods after use. So for success of any company or
product promotion it is very necessary to depart its concentration towards consumer
preference.
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consumers in their roles as their roles as consumers. They want consumers to learn about
their products, product attributes, potential consumers benefit, how to use, maintain or
even dispose of the product and new ways of behaving that will satisfy not only the
consumer’s needs, but the marketer ’s objectives.
The scope of our study restricts itself to the analysis of consumer preferences, perception
and consumption of Cadbury and Nestle Chocolates. There are many other brands of
chocolates available but my study is limited to two major players of chocolates leaving
behind the others. The scope of our study is also restricts itself to Mumbai region only.
Chocolate
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The very word makes your mouth water.
Chocolate is more than just a food: it’s a state of mind.
Chocolate
Chocolates! Chocolates!
Everybody has a liking for them, be they in the form of bar
Or a tiny little gem,
Or shaped like a rectangle,
Or a sphere, a brick or an éclair.
For chocolate lovers it is fun,
To have them during rain, breeze or sun.
They are white and brown in color,
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And taste sweet and bitter
Some have them in a glass of cold coffee, or in the form of a toffee.
Some eat them when they are sad
Some relish them when they are happy or have sweet dreams,
But I feel, to have chocolates
We don’t need a reason,
‘Cause we can have it
Anytime, any season!
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Industry Overview
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INDUSTRY OVERVIEW
History of chocolate:
The origin of chocolate can be traced back to the ancient Maya and Aztec civilizations in
Central America, who first enjoyed “chocolaty” a much-prized spicy drink made from
roasted cocoa beans.
Throughout its history, whether as cocoa or drinking chocolate beverage or confectionary
treat, chocolate has been a much sought after food.
Don Cortes
The Spanish invaded Mexico in the 16th century, by this time the Aztecs had created a
powerful empire, and the Spanish armies conquered Mexico. Don Cortes was made
captain general and governor of Mexico.
When he returned to Spain in1528 he loaded his galleons with cocoa beans and
equipment for making the chocolate drink. Soon “chocolate” became a fashionable drink
enjoyed by the rich in Spain.
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Drinking chocolate
The secret of chocolate was taken to France in 1615, when Anne, daughter of Phillip 2 of
Spain married king Louis 13 of France. The French court enthusiastically adopted this
new exotic drink, which was considered to have medicinal benefits as well as being a
nourishing food. Gradually the custom of drinking chocolate spread across Europe,
reaching England in the 1650’s
History:
The earliest record of chocolate was over fifteen hundred years ago in the central
America rain forests, where the tropical mix of high rain fall combined with high year
round temperatures and humidity provide the ideal climate for cultivation of the plant
from which chocolate is derived, the cacao tree.
“ Chocolate is made from the cocoa bean, found in pods growing from the trunk and
lower branches of the cacao tree, Latin name “ theobroma cacao” meaning “ food of the
gods” Cacao was corrupted into the more familiar “ cocoa” by the early European
explorers. The Maya brewed a spicy, bittersweet drink by roasting and pounding the
seeds of the cacao tree with maize and capsicum peppers and letting the mixture ferment.
This drink was reserved for use in ceremonies as well as for drinking by the wealthy and
religious elite; they also ate cacao porridge.
The Aztecs, like the Mayans, also enjoyed cacao as a beverage fermented from the raw
beans, which again featured prominently in ritual and as a luxury available only to the
very wealthy. The Aztecs called this drink xocolat, the Spanish conquistadors found this
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almost impossible to pronounce and so corrupted it to the easier “chocolat” the English
further changed this to chocolate.
Chocolate in Europe
Xocolat or chocolat or chocolate as it became known, was brought to Europe by Cortez,
by this time the conquistadors had learned to make the drink more palatable to European
tastes by mixing the ground roasted beans with sugar and vanilla ( a practice still
continued today), thus offsetting the spicy bitterness of the brew the Aztec’s drank.
The first chocolate factories opened in Spain, where the dried fermented beans brought
back from the new world by the Spanish treasure fleets were roasted and ground, and by
the early 17th century chocolate powder – from which the European version of the drink
was made- was being exported to other parts of Europe. The Spanish kept the source of
the drink- the beans- a secret for many years, so successfully in fact, that when English
buccaneers boarded what they thought was a Spanish “ treasurer galleon” in 1579, only to
find it loaded with what appeared to be “ dried sheep’s droppings, they burned the whole
ship in frustration. If only they had known, chocolate was so expensive at that time, that
it was worth it’s weight in silver (if not gold), chocolate was treasure indeed!
Within a few years, the cocoa beverage made from the powder produced in Spain had
become popular throughout Europe, in the Spanish Netherlands, Italy, France, and
Germany and – in about 1520 – it arrived in England.
The first chocolate house in England opened in London in 1657 followed rapidly by
many others. Like the already well established coffee houses, they were used as clubs
where the wealthy and business community met to smoke a clay pipe of tobacco, conduct
business and socialize over a cup of chocolate.
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Back to the America’s
Events went full circle when English colonists carried chocolate (and coffee) with them
to England’s colonies in North America. Destined to become the United States of
America and Canada, they are now the world’s largest consumers – by far – of both
chocolate and coffee, consuming over half of the words total production of chocolate
alone.
The Quakers
The Quakers were, and still are, a pacifist religious sect, an offshoot of the puritans of
English civil war and pilgrim fathers fame and a history of chocolate would not be
complete without mentioning their part in it. Some of the most famous names in
chocolate were Quakers, who for centuries held a virtual monopoly of chocolate making
in the English speaking world – fry, Cadbury and row tree are probably the best known.
It’s probably before the time of the English civil war between parliament and King
Charles 1st that the Quaker’s who evolved from the puritans, first began their historic
association with chocolate. Because of their pacifist religion, they were prohibited from
many normal business activities, so as an industrious people with a strong belief in the
work ethic (like the puritans); they involved themselves in food related businesses and
did very well. Baking was a common occupation for them because bread was regarded as
the biblical “staff of life”, and bakers in England were the first to add chocolate to cakes
so it would be a natural progression for them to start making pure chocolate. They were
also heavily involved in breakfast cereals but that’s another story.
What is certain is that the fry, row tree and Cadbury families in England among others,
began chocolate making and in fact Joseph fry of fry &sons (founded 1728 in Bristol,
England) is credited with producing and selling the world’s first chocolate bar. Fry’s have
now all but disappeared (taken over by Cadbury) and row tree have merged Swiss
company nestle, to form the largest chocolate manufacturer in the world. Cadbury have
stayed with chocolate production and are now, if not quite the largest, probably one of the
best-known chocolate makers in the world.
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Chocolate as we know it
The first mention of chocolate being eaten in solid form is when bakers in England began
adding cocoa powder to cakes in the mid 1600’s. Then in 1828 a Dutch chemist,
Johannes van houten, invented a method of extracting the bitter tasting fat or “cocoa
butter” from the roasted ground beans, his aim was to make the drink smoother and more
palatable, however he unknowingly paved the way for solid chocolate as we know it.
Chocolate as we know it today first appeared in 1847 when fry & sons of Bristol,
England – mixed sugar with cocoa powder and cocoa butter (made by the van houten
process) to produce the first solid chocolate bar then in1875 a Swiss manufacturer, Daniel
peters, found a way to combine (some would say improve, some would say ruin) cocoa
powder and cocoa butter with sugar and dried milk powder to produce the first milk
chocolate.
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(approximately 50% of the bean) contained in the beans to melt, producing a thick, liquid
mixture.
This is dark brown in color with a characteristic, strong odour. During cooling it
gradually sets: this is the cocoa paste.
At this point the production process divides into two paths, but which soon join again. A
part of the cocoa paste is taken to large presses, which extract the cocoa butter. The other
part passes through various blending and refining processes, during which some of the
cocoa butter is added to it. The two paths have rejoined.
CocoaButter
The cocoa butter has important functions. It not only forms part of every
recipe, but it also later gives the chocolate its fine structure, beautiful
lustre and delicate, attractive glaze.
Cocoa Powder
After the cocoa butter has left the press; cocoa cakes are left which still contain a 10 to
20% proportion of fat depending on the intensity of compression.
These cakes are crushed again, ground to powder and finely sifted in
several stages and we obtain a dark, strongly aromatic powder, which is
excellent for the preparation of delicious drinks - cocoa. Cocoa paste,
cocoa butter, sugar and milk are the four basic ingredients for making
chocolate. By blending them in accordance with specific recipes the three types of
chocolate are obtained which form the basis of ever product assortment, namely:
Kneading
In the case of milk chocolate for example, the cocoa paste, cocoa butter, powdered or
condensed milk, sugar and flavouring - maybe vanilla - go into the mixer, where they are
pulverized and kneaded.
Rolling
Depending on the design of the rolling mills, three or five vertically
mounted steel rollers rotate in opposite directions. Under heavy pressure
they pulverise the tiny particles of cocoa and sugar down to a size of
approx. 30 microns. (One micron is a thousandth part of a millimeter.)
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Conching
But still the chocolate paste is not smooth enough to satisfy our palates.
But within two or three days all that will have been put right. For during
this period the chocolate paste will be refined to such an extent in the
conches that it will flatter even the most discriminating palate.
Conches (from the Spanish word "conch a", meaning a shell) is the name given to the
troughs in which 100 to 1000 kilograms of chocolate paste at a time can be heated up to
80 °C and, while being constantly stirred, is given a velvet smoothness by the addition of
certain amounts of cocoa butter. A kind of aeration of the liquid chocolate paste then
takes place in the conches: its bitter taste gradually disappears and the flavor is fully
developed. The chocolate no longer seems sandy, but dissolves meltingly on the tongue.
It has attained the outstanding purity, which gives it its reputation.
Chocolate consumption in India is extremely low. Per capita consumption is around 160
gms in the urban areas, compared to 8-10kg in the developed countries. In rural areas, it
is even lower. Chocolates in India are consumed as indulgence and not as a snack food. A
strong volume growth was witnessed in the early 90’s when Cadbury repositioned
chocolates from children to adult consumption. The biggest opportunity is likely to stem
from increasing the consumer base. Leading players like Cadbury and Nestle have been
attempting to do this by value for money offerings, which are affordable to the masses.
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Overview
Of
Organizations
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OVERVIEW OF ORGANIZATIONS
NESTLE
Nestle India
Nestle’ India is a subsidiary of Nestle’ S.A. of Switzerland. The company insists on
honesty, integrity and fairness in all aspects of its business and expects the same in its
relationships.
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Nestle’ Story
Nestlé was founded in 1867 on the shores of Lake Geneva in Vevey, Switzerland and its
first product was “Farine Lactée Nestlé”, an infant cereal specially formulated by Henri
Nestlé to provide and improve infant nutrition. From its first historic merger with the
Anglo-Swiss Condensed Milk Company in 1905, Nestlé has grown to become the
world’s largest and most diversified food Company, and is about twice the size of its
nearest competitor in the food and beverage sector.
Nestlé’s trademark of birds in a nest, derived from Henri Nestlé’s personal coat of arms,
evokes the values upon which he founded his Company. Namely, the values of security,
maternity and affection, nature and nourishment, family and tradition. Today, it is not
only the central element of Nestlé’s corporate identity but serves to define the Company’s
products, responsibilities, business practices, ethics and goals.
In 2004, Nestlé had around 247,000 employees worldwide, operated 500 factories in
approx. 100 countries and offered over 8,000 products to millions of consumers
universally. The Company’s transparent business practices, pioneering environment
policy and respect for the fundamental values of different cultures have earned it an
enviable place in the countries it operates in. Nestlé’s activities contribute to and nurture
the sustainable economic development of people, communities and nations. Above all,
Nestlé is dedicated to bringing the joy of ‘Good Food, Good Life’ to people throughout
their lives, throughout the world.
Nestle’ Brands
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MILK PRODUCTS AND NUTRITION:
NESTLÉ Milk
BEVERAGES:
NESCAFÉ CLASSIC
NESCAFÉ SUNRISE
NESTLÉ MILO
NESCAFÉ 3 IN 1
NESCAFÉ KOOLREZ
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PREPARED DISHES AND COOKING AIDS
MAGGI SAUCES
NESTLÉ MUNCH
NESTLÉ FUNBAR
NESTLÉ ECLAIRS
NESTLEKITKAT
Are crisp wafer fingers covered with choco layer. NESTLÉ KIT KAT has a
unique finger format with a ‘breaking' ritual attached to it.
NESTLÉ KIT KAT is one of the most successful brands in the world and every
year over 12 billion NESTLÉ KIT KAT fingers are consumed around the globe.
NESTLE MUNCH
NESTLÉ MUNCH is wafer layer covered with delicious choco layer. NESTLÉ MUNCH
is so crisp, light and irresistible that you just ‘can't stop Munching.' NESTLÉ MUNCH is
the largest selling SKU in the category!
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NESTLE MILKY BAR:
NESTLÉ MILKYBAR is a delicious milky treat, which kids love. Relaunched in January
2006 with a Calcium Rich recipe, NESTLÉ MILKYBAR is a favorite with parents to
treat their kids with.
NESTLE BAR-ONE
Is a luscious nougat and caramel with delicious choco layer. NESTLÉ BAR-ONE
constantly reminds you that it is ‘Time for Action'.
NESTLÉ Milk Chocolate is a milk chocolate with a delicious taste. Kids just love it!
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CADBURY
John Cadbury
Milk chocolate for eating was first made by Cadbury in 1897 by adding milk powder
John paste to the dark chocolate recipe of cocoa mass, cocoa butter and sugar. By today's
standards this chocolate was not particularly good: it was coarse and dry and not sweet or
milky enough for public tastes.
There was a great deal of competition from continental manufacturers, not only the
French, but also the Swiss, renowned for their milk chocolate.
Led by George Cadbury Junior, the Bourneville experts set out to meet the challenge. A
considerable amount of time and money was spent on research and on new plant designed
to produce the chocolate in larger quantities.
A recipe was formulated incorporating fresh milk, and production processes were
developed to produce a milk chocolate 'not merely as good as, but better than' the
imported milk chocolate'.
Four years of hard work were invested in the project and in 1905 what
was to be Cadbury's top selling brand was launched.
Three names were considered: Jersey, Highland Milk and Dairy Maid.
Dairy Maid became Dairy Milk, and Cadbury's Dairy Milk, with its
unique flavour and smooth creamy texture, was ready to challenge the Swiss domination
of the milk chocolate market.
By 1913 Dairy Milk had become the company's best selling line and in the mid twenties
Cadbury's Dairy Milk gained its status as the brand leader, a position it has held ever
since.
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COMPANY OVERVIEW OF CADBURY INDIA
Cadbury began its operations in 1948 by importing chocolates and then re-packing them
before distribution in the Indian market. After 59 years of existence, it today has five
company-owned manufacturing facilities at Thane, Induri (Pune) and Malanpur
(Gwalior), Bangalore and Baddi (Himachal Pradesh) and 4 sales offices (New Delhi,
Mumbai, Kolkota and Chennai). The corporate office is in Mumbai.
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Since 1965 Cadbury has also pioneered the development of cocoa cultivation in India.
For over two decades, it has worked with the Kerala Agriculture University to undertake
cocoa research and released clones, hybrids that improve the cocoa yield.
Today, Cadbury is poised in its leap towards quantum growth and new categories of
business, namely gums, mints, snacking and gifting. It is a part of the Cadbury
Schweppes Group, world's No.1 Confectionery Company.
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Cadbury Brands:
Chocolates
Snacks
Beverages
Candy
SNACKS
Bytes
BEVERAGES
Bournvita
CANDY
Halls
CHOCOLATES
Dairy Milk
5 Star
Perk
Celebrations
Temptation
Éclairs
Gems
DAIRY MILK
The story of Cadbury Dairy Milk started way back in 1905 at Bourneville, U.K., but the
journey with chocolate lovers in India began in 1948.
The variants Fruit & Nut, Crackle and Roast Almond, combine the classic taste of
Cadbury Dairy Milk with a variety of ingredients and are very popular amongst teens &
adults.
Cadbury Dairy Milk has exciting products on offer - Cadbury Dairy Milk Wowie,
chocolate with Disney characters embossed in it, and Cadbury Dairy Milk 2 in 1, a
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delightful combination of milk chocolate and white chocolate. Giving consumers an
exciting reason to keep coming back into the fun filled world of Cadbury.
Today, Cadbury Dairy Milk alone holds 30% value share of the Indian chocolate market.
5 STAR
The second largest after Cadbury Dairy Milk with a market share of 14%, Cadbury 5
Star moves from strength to strength every year by increasing its user base.
Launched in 1969 as a bar of chocolate that was hard outside with soft caramel nougat
inside, Cadbury 5 Star has re-invented itself over the years to keep satisfying the
consumers taste for a high quality & different chocolate eating experience.
One of the key properties that Cadbury 5 Star was associated with was its classic Gold
colour. And through the passage of time, this was one property that both, the brand and
the consumer stuck to as a valuable association.
More recently, to give consumers another reason to come into the Cadbury 5 Star fold,
Cadbury 5 Star Crunchy was launched. The same delicious Cadbury 5 Star was now
available with a dash of rice crispies.
PERK
Cadbury launched Perk in 1996. With its light chocolate and wafer construct, Cadbury
Perk targeted the casual snacking space that was dominated primarily by chips & wafers.
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With the rise of more value-for-money brands in the wafer chocolate segment, Cadbury
Perk unveiled two new offerings - Perk XL and XXL. In 2004, with an added dose of
'Real Cadbury Dairy Milk' and an 'improved wafer', Perk became even more irresistible
CELEBRATIONS
Cadbury Celebrations was aimed at replacing traditional gifting options like Mithai and
dry- fruits during festive seasons.
Cadbury Celebrations is available in several assortments: An assortment of chocolates
like 5 Star, Perk, Gems, Dairy Milk and Nutties and rich dry fruits enrobed in Cadbury
dairy milk chocolate in 5 variants, Almond magic, raisin magic, cashew magic, nut
butterscotch and caramels.
The super premium Celebrations Rich Dry Fruit Collection which is a festive offering is
an exotic range of chocolate covered dry fruits and nuts in various flavours and the
premium dark chocolate range which is exotic dark chocolate in luscious flavours.
TEMPTATION
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Ever see people hide away their chocolate since they don’t want to share
it! If you have, then it’s likely to be a bar of Cadbury Temptations!
Cadbury Temptations is a range of delicious premium chocolate in five
flavours.
Research revealed a niche segment of “chocoholics” - those exposed to
international chocolates and those who love a variety of chocolates but
possibly find the price of international chocolates too high. Cadbury
Temptations is a range targeted at this segment of discerning chocolate
lovers.
The Cadbury Temptations range is available in 5 delicious flavour variants
- Roast Almond Coffee, Honey Apricot, Mint Crunch, Black Forest and Old
Jamaica. With its international quality chocolate Temptations soon became a
popular brand for "chocoholics".
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RESEARCH
METHODOLOGY
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RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
1 RELEVANCE OF STUDY
2 RESEARCH PROBLEM
3 RESEARCH OBJECTIVE
4 RESEARCH DESIGN
6 DATA COLLECTION
SAMPLING DESIGN
INSTRUMENT
MODE OF DATA COLLECTION
7 LIMITATION OF STUDY
8 DATA ANALYSIS
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RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
This chapter describes the methodology of the study. This project is based on information
collected from primary sources. After the detailed study, an attempt has been made to
present comprehensive analysis of consumption of Cadbury and nestle
chocolates consumed by the people. The data had been used to cover various
aspects like consumption, consumer’s preference and customer’s satisfaction regarding
Cadbury and Nestle chocolates. In collecting requisite data and information
regarding the topic elected, we went to the residents of peoples and collected the data.
2. Research Problem
Every research has their own problem and limitation but good researcher have to
overcome that problem by their skill.
In this research problem we would like to understand and analyze about the chocolates
products available at Mumbai and collect the feedback from group of people and we
wanted to know the developments made in direction of chocolates industry.
3. Research Objective
This project is based on the comparative study consumer behavior towards Nestle and
Cadbury chocolates. Objectives of the study are:
The other objective is to know about the customer satisfaction level
associated with the product and the customer preference level.
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To increase customer satisfaction and recapture the market share by fulfilling
the customer needs.
To study the factors affecting the consumption pattern.
4. Research Design
For any researcher the research methodology is the most important criteria to decide
before the actual research process starts.
There are many methods for conducting the research some of them are as under;
Out of these all research methods the research method, which was most suitable to our
research, was descriptive research because it provides us all the opportunities to cover
the all the aspect that We require to conduct the research and get an appropriate out
come.
Descriptive Research:
Descriptive research includes surveys and fact – finding enquires of different kinds.
The major purpose of descriptive research is description of the state of affairs as it
exits at present. In social science and business research we often use the term Ex
post facto research for descriptive research studies. The main characteristic of this
method is that the researcher has no control over the variables; he can only report
what has happened or what is happening.
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5. Scope of the Study:
As learning is a human activity and is as natural, as breathing. Despite of the fact that
learning is all pervasive in our lives, psychologists do not agree on how learning takes
place. How individuals learn is a matter of interest to marketers. They want to teach
consumers in their roles as their roles as consumers. They want consumers to learn about
their products, product attributes, potential consumers benefit, how to use, maintain or
even dispose of the product and new ways of behaving that will satisfy not only the
consumer’s needs, but the marketer’s objectives.
The scope of my study restricts itself to the analysis of consumer preferences, perception
and consumption of Cadbury and Nestle Chocolates. There are many other brands of
chocolates available but our study is limited to two major players of chocolates leaving
behind the others. The scope of my study is also restricts itself to Mumbai region only.
There are 2 sources of data i.e.
A) Primary Data
The data, which are collected for the first time, directly from the respondents to the base
of knowledge & belief of the research, are called primary data.
The normal procedure is to interview some people individually or in a group to get a
sense of how people feel about the topic.
So far as this research is concerned, primary data is the main source of information
provided by the respondents.
B) Secondary Data
When the data is collected and compiled in the in a published nature it is called
Secondary data.
So far as this research is concerned internet, many brochures and magazines have been
referred too.
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5. DATA COLLECTION
a) SAMPLING DESIGN
It is true that it is very difficult to do research with whole universe. As we know that it is
not feasible to go with population survey because of the numerous Doctors and their
scattered location. So for this purpose sample size has to be determined well in advanced
and selection of the sample also has to be scientific so that it represents the whole
universe.
So far as this research is concerned, the sample size is 100.
b) INSTRUMENT
Taking into consideration research instrument selected by us is questionnaire because it
gives more flexibility in terms of data and it has been asked to the responder personally
and has an idea of getting an important unknown data that can be collected through their
behavior.
6. LIMITATION OF STUDY
In attempt to make this project authentic and reliable, every possible aspect of the topic
was kept in mind. Nevertheless, despite of fact constraints were at play during the
formulation of this project. The main limitations are as follows:
Due to limitation of time only few people were selected for the study. So the
sample of consumers was not enough to generalize the findings of the study.
The main source of data for the study was primary data with the help of self-
administered questionnaires. Hence, the chances of unbiased information are less.
People were hesitant to disclose the true facts.
The chance of biased response can’t be eliminated though all necessary steps were
taken to avoid the same.
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DATA ANALYSIS
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Que2. Which brand of chocolate do you prefer?
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Que3. Which sub-brand you have purchased?
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Que4. Rank the sub-brands of chocolates according to your preference? (1 for most
preferred)
NESTLE
CADBURY
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Que5. How much importance do you give to the following factors when you
purchase a chocolate? (Tick in the desired column)
Taste/ Flavour Price Packaging Quantity
Very Imp. 88 1 12 81
Important 9 3 6 12
Normal 2 96 4 6
Least
Imp. 1 0 78 1
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Que6. Which form of a chocolate do you like?
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Que7. What pack do you purchase?
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Que8. Which promotional offers attract you most?
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Que9.Which of these factors affects your purchase?
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Que10. Which media of advertisement influence your purchase?
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Que11. If your preferred brand is not available for repeat purchases then what will
you do?
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Findings
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Findings
CONSUMER RESEARCH:
Consumer research deals with consumer and their problems and solution to the
problems. In this we came to know about the consumers need and
expectation levels regarding products and ascertainable levels of consumer
satisfaction.
PRODUCT RESEARCH:
Under product research I came to know about the modification which consumers wants
as to the quality, packing, shape, color, and quantity etc. of their favorite chocolate.
PRICING RESEARCH:
This includes ability to consume, to pay for the product, how much a person can spend on
his/her favorite chocolate. In this I have tried to find out consumer’s price expectations
and reactions.
ADVERTISING RESEARCH:
Under this I have concluded that whether the advertisement appeals the consumers or not.
This also includes evaluating and selecting the proper media-mix and measuring
advertising effectiveness.
From the one and half month experience of our research project with Consumer
preference towards Nestle and Cadbury Chocolates, We have come to know lot things
and it has enhanced our knowledge to great extent. We found many things which are well
executed by distributors. Here are some of the key findings given by us are purely based
on our research. It doesn’t have any kind of bias from our side.
They are given as under:
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By doing the comparison of Nestle and Cadbury chocolates, we have found that the
preference of the chocolates more preferred by the consumer is Cadbury.
From the analysis we have found that Nestlé’s some brand has covered 50% of the
market in one product (Munch) of the chocolates which is a very good sign for the
company.
Through the research we found that consumer is very conscious about the quality of the
product in that matter they are not ready to compromise. And we found both company
product are very qualitative.
In some cases we found that if a product is not available in the market than some
consumer would to switchover to another product or brand.
So from these survey we have found that the consumption of the chocolates are more in
children and teenage group though having any occasion or not having any occasion.
The most selling product of both the companies is in small size of chocolates and there
market share is 73% because it’s not much costlier and is also easily available &
affordable.
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Suggestions
And
Recommendations
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SUGGESTIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
Chocolates products at Mumbai city are available in comparison to previous years, but
still there is requirement of development in Chocolate products. Due to increasing overall
cost in Chocolate Products everywhere, cost format should be made as such that it is
affordable to each and everyone in the society. In this we also found that if the demanded
brand is not available, so at that time the customers switch over the brand of the
chocolate so, here the company should build up the healthy distribution channel by which
company can attract the customers and company loose the fear from the market.
Company should concentrate more on television for advertisement, as mostly people get
attracted through television only. For promotional offers, company should go for free gifts
rather than going for other ways. Nestle company should concentrate on its packing as
people are least satisfied with it while Cadbury should concentrate on the shape of a
chocolate. People are unsatisfied with the price and quantity of chocolate so companies
should concentrate in this regard also.
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Conclusion
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CONCLUSION
A survey of the people has been conducted to know the liking pattern of the two products
Cadbury and Nestle. It is observed that overall people like to eat Cadbury brand rather
than Nestle. It is concluded that mostly people preferred Dairy Milk of Cadbury due to its
flavor/taste, quality and image and due to its hard form. Some people often like to have a
chocolate with good flavor, quality hard form. Some people often like to have a chocolate
with good flavor, quality taste and crunchiness.
It is thus concluded from the facts collected that mostly people refer to buy big pack of
their favorite chocolate, and sometimes some of them go for small and family pack.
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References
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REFERENCES
Web sites:
www.nestle.in
www.business-standard.com
www.cadburyindia.com
www.scribd.com
www.managementparadise.com
www.google.com
Books:
1. Marketing Management
- Philip Kotler
2. Research Methodology
- C. R. Kothari
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Appendix
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“A STUDY OF CONSUMER PREFERENCE TOWARDS CADBURY AND NESTLE
CHOCOLATES IN ANDHERI A WESTERN SUBURB OF MUMBAI CITY”
QUESTIONNAIRE
(Please tick wherever necessary)
1. Personal Profile:-
Name :
Address :
Age :
Between 0-10 Between10-20
Between 20-30 Above 30
Cadbury Nestle
Que5. How much importance do you give to the following factors when you purchase a
chocolate? (Tick in the desired column)
Hard Nutties
Crunchy Chew
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Que8. Which promotional offers attract you most?
Advertisement
Suggestion from friends and relatives
Attractive Display
Doctors Advice
Brand Ambassadors
Ingredients
Que11. If your preferred brand is not available for repeat purchases then what will you
do?
Postpone your purchase
Switch over to other brand
Go to the other shop to search for your preferred brand
Que12. Do you feel that the product characteristics match with those mentioned in the
advertisement?
Yes
No
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Que13. Are you influenced by advertisements to buy or change a particular brand of
chocolate?
Yes
No
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