arn/is/are

-F

-+ IJnits 3-4 and 25

was/were + -ing

n I was working when she arrived.

tr It wasn't raining, so we didn't need an umbrella
n What were you doing at 3 o'clock?

(past continuous)

-+ Unit

I'm working.
n It isn't raining at the moment.
n What are you doing this evening?
tr Please be quiet.

-ing

(present continuous)

13

be -f past participle (cleaned/rnade/eaten

arn/is/are -f past

participle

(passiue present simple)

(passiue

past participle

past simple)

-+ Unit

21

have/has

n I'rn never invited to parties.

n Butter is made from milk.
D These offices aren't cleaned every

+ Unit 21
was/were

etc.)

n The office was cleaned yesterday.

n These houses were built 100 years ago.
tr FIow was the window broken?

p as t p

have,/has -f

Where were you born?

articipl e (cleaned,/lo st

past participle

(present pefect)

-+ [Jnits 15-18

/ eaten/been etc.)

n I've cleaned my room.

n Tom has lost his passport.
n Kate hasn't been to Canada.
n 'Where have Paui and Nicole

doldoes/ di d + infinitiue (cleanllike / eat / go

doldoes + injnitive
(present simple negatiue

and questions)

-+ Units 6-7
did +

inJinitiue

(past simple negdtiue and

questions)

-+ Unit

12

irregular verbs -+ Unit 24, Appendix 2-3

day.

gone?

etc.)

n I like coffee, but I donot like tea.

n Chrrs doesn't go out very often.
n What do you usually do at r,r'-eekends?
n Does Silvia live alone?
n I didn't watch TV yesterday.
n It didn't rain last week.
n 'What time did Paul and Nicole go out?

Fxe rcises

Unit 23

23.1 Write is/are or do/does.

1 Do you work in the evenings? 6
the sun shining?
2 Where ax?' they going?
7
What tinre
the shops close?
3 'Why
you looking at nre?
u .. Maria working today?
1 .. Bill live near you?
9 What
.. this word mean?
5 . you like cooking?
10
you feeling all right?
23.2 Write am not/isn'tfaren't or dan't/doesn't. All these sentences are negative.
I
2

15r'

doesnlN work
I'm very tired. I
I'm very tired. I

at weekends

want to go out this evening.

. going out this evening.
4 Gary
. working this week. He's on holiday.
5 My parents are usually ar horne. They
.... .. go out very often.
6 Nicole has travelled a 1ot, but she ..
speak any foreign languages
7 You can turn off the television. I
watching it.
8 Liz has invited us to her parfy next rveek, br_rt we
going.
3

23.3 Write was/wereidieUhavelhas.

1 'Where w?{a your shoes made?
6 \Vhat time
'When
2 .
. you go ol-rt last night?
7
'What
3
you doing at 10.30? g
4 Where
. your mother born? 9 whv
5 ..
Barbara gone home?
10 How long
23.4 Write islare/wasiwere/have/has.
1 Joe hns lost his passport.
2 This bridge
built ten years aFIo.

she go?

. these houses builr?

Steve arrived yet?

yorl go home early?

they been married?

you finished your work yet?

4 This town is always clean. The streets

5 'Where
you born?
just made sorne cofTee. Would
6 I ..
7 Glass
made from sand.
8 This is a very old photograph. It
9 David
bought a new car.

23.5

cleaned everv dav.

you like some?

taken a long time ago.

Complete the sentences. Choose from the box and put the verb into the correct form"
pronounce

e:lt

understand

1 I'm going to take an umbrella with rne. Its .t4!l_rLn$..

2 \Yhy are you so tired? Did you . ga .. to bed late last night?
3 Where are rhe chocolates? Have you
them all?
4 How is your new job? Are you
it?
5 My car was badly
the accident, but I was OI{.
6 Chris has got ..., U"lrn; il;';
. it very often.
"
7 Mary isn't at home.
She has ..
away for a few days.
8 I don't
the problern. Can you explain it again?
9 Martin is in his room. He's
to music.
0 I don't know how to sav this word. How is it
.?

I How do you

this windor,v? Can you shou.me?

Regu lar

fid

ri,rreg u la

r verbs

Regular verbs
The past simple and past participle of regular verbs is -ed:
clean -+ cleaned live -+ lived
paint -) painted
Past sirnple

study

-)

studied

(+ Unit 11)

n I cleaned my roonr yesterday.

n Charlie studied engineering at universiry.
Past participle

have/has * past partidple (present perGct -> Units 15-18):

n I have cleaned my room.
n Tina has lived in London for ten years.

be (is/are/were,/has been etc.) * past participle

x These rooms are cleaned every day.
n My car has been repaired.

(passive

-+ Units 21-22):

The past sirnple and past participle of irregular verbs do not end in -ed:

broke cut
broken cut

past simple
past participle

Sometimes the past simple and past participle are the sanre. For example:

pdst simple

past participle I

n I rnade a cake yesterday. (past simple)

u I have made sorne coffee. (past participle - present pefect)
u Butter is made from rniik. (past participle - pdssiue present)
Sometimes the past sirnple and past participle are different. For exanrple:

past simple
pdst participle

ri
n
n

break knor.v begin go

broke knew began went
broken known begun gone

Somebody broke this window last night. (past simple)

Somebody has broken this rvindow (past participle - present peiitn

This window was broken last night.

t,

.58
l:

ll!:I:
:

,iiL,ll

irregular verbs -+ Appendix

2-3

(past participle

passiue pastl

spelling (regular verbs) -+ Append!x 5

Exe rcises

24J

unit 24

Write the past simpie / past partieiple of these verbs. (The past simple and past
participle are the same for all the vertrs in this exerci )

make maA,_o .... 6 en-joy

*t^
2cur
Tbuy
3 ect
ftA]." hi rir
1

4
5

ilring {ts\Ediil
p^v PCiAL"

lu

11

13 catch

rceve

happen

{il

\lar

24.2 Write the past simple and past participle of these

watch

understand

@Q

verbs.

8 come
9 know

10 take
11 go
12 give
13 throw
14 forget

-)

1
5

24.3

hear

r2 prlt

Put the verb in the right farm.

1

1 woshzd.

my hands because they were dirty. (wash)

2
3
1
5

'We

.$ie$*r$fr

It )\14-l.D\|H

l'vc
ve \AJL\
\\d\-J +

6 r
7
IJ
r-)

10

very well last night.

(sleep)

fihn yesrerday. (see)

e lor while wc were on holidav. (r'.rin)
(tose) rlrve
llly b;g.
D4l. (rose)
H.rvc you
you 'Nqm
..)..lxxJ
_rr;y
a really good

EWt"
o.nm..,lT,-;:i,, llTl'1,.,
,[iNlNt'Qd

I:'"'nil

fg1'.Vnt

yer? (nnish)

ifiin,ilffisnll,ffiS;:;l"ruh;
II-I.QI-QLIIJY\
I2 tr..
11

I vc rrever

"."".

nfdff

rg'

ir?

bu

(see)

d)

a horsc. .(ride)

I3 Julia is a goo( tiX%h"$mne. I've, \[I\AS5\M$

- her for a long time. (know)
74
:- rnd \\1I\h
nry lcg. (filt z hur-r)
\ ;- .r"^ r ^-,r^- r\/r^*^,r-^- r^.. .,..^- Lr^..^
15
n-\\0\.. in a marathon? (run ,/ run)

24.4

Conrplete these sentences. Choose from the box and put the verb into the correct form.

=eost- drive-peak. -s\Api,pli1

-.F
-rd+-

s+ke
.tffi

-e+e$

-.NakeTp

**e++-

'wln

I have **4.9 .. sgme colTee. 'Would you like some?

you tqUg\
John about your new job?
We
played
basketball
on
Sunday.
-)
Wq didn t play very well, but we
4 I know Gary, brgll've never e$e,X
his wife.
5
N UpUy loud rnuslg -in the_ middle of the night.
2 Have

al!$rl

the game.

N river a
l\nr o n.{'n to the other side
jumped into th'e
7 'Did you like the filnr:' 'V.,. I $N\\!-\A$\\
ir wa. verv qood.'
pAN$,:\t
Many ulllctcilr
8 lvlJilv
different titnguages
lrnguages arc
,.. ...1J
in tne
the rnl[pplnes.
Philippinis.
! tr'_ s{_1.!.tu!.}. . ln
9 ou'holiday
o[money
bccause
we sraycd in an expensive hotel.
-.r'lol
10 Have
navc you evel.u.r \dL)\.\\l)L)_,,.:.\.
I
r
vcry-Fasr
verv-tast
d*\\}.tlg.LNi
-c.lr,[
-c.rr?6
n All the ri4fret1fo.1 rhe concerr \vcrc lilOLt\
very quickly.
12 A bird
through
the
open
window
while we were having our dinner
!!G[\!-nfiin
6 Stephanie

59