Professional Documents
Culture Documents
From the STAAD Analysis, Class 70R Tracked loading is found to be critical and
hence, the same is considered for abutment design, i.e. 535kN
Design
Ther analysis and design of the PCC ABUTMENT is based on following data
1 Geometric data
No. of spans
=
Roadway fo bridge
=
Carriage way of bridge
=
Span C/C of expansion in square
=
Span C/C of expansion in skew
=
Effective span in square
=
Effective span in skew
=
Width of seating in span direction
=
Width of seating in roadway direction
=
Type of super structure
=
Thickness of super structure @ center
=
Thickness of super structure @ edges
=
Thickness of wc @ center
=
Thickness of wc @ edges
=
Values
unit
7
8.4
m
7.5
m
9.44
m
9.44
m
9.04
m
9.04
m
0.4
m
8.4
m
RCC Solid deck slab
0.8
m
0.7
m
0.075
m
0.075
m
=
=
=
No of Vertical post(span/spacing) =
Handrail horizontal square Post
c/s area(0.25*0.25) =
No of horizontal post =
0.45
0.25
0.25
m
m
m
0.09
1.1
1.5
m
m
0.0625
3
m
m
102.775
Afflux
0.15
1.2
101.9
m
m
100.55
=
=
=
=
4.4
96.15
3.5
92.65
m
m
m
m
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
5.5
0.71
2.510
0.42
0.3
0.25
0.02
3.94
m
m
m
m
m
m
m
m
=
=
0.72
0
m
degree
degree
Equivalent Radian
=
=
=
30
20
0
0.52
0.35
0.00
19
kN/m3
2 Loading data(Amendment two clause no. 204 of IRC : 6 - 2010 ---(referred as IRC 6:2010 A))
No. of lanes
Loading Class
Class A wheeled
Class 70 R tracked
Class 70 R wheeled
Exposure
Grade of concrete for PCC
=
=
Moderate
M25
( Considered conservatively for design but min. allowable grade for construction should be M20(severe),as per table-5A,IRC21-2000 )
6.25
0.61
Mpa
From IRC:21table 9
Mpa
From IRC:21table 11
As per CI.710.1.1 when surface reinforcement are not provided the permissble stresses level shall be kept only upto 90% of the
allowable stresses
5.625
Mpa
0.549
25
24
Mpa
kN/m3
kN/m3
8.4
8.4
1.06
m
(conservatively
assumed)
m
895.3
106.6
kN
kN
70.7
kN/m2
-16.6
kN/m2
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
1
535
535
63.7
710.1.2IRC78:2014
kN
kN/m
42.3
kN/m2
-9.9
kN/m2
6.1 STRESSES DUE TO VERTICAL REACTION INDUCED DUE TO BRAKING( 211.3-IRC 6-2014)
710.1.2IRC78:2014
Impact Allowance
=
1
=
Live Load from Super Structure
700
Live Load from Super Structure
=
700.0
Braking forces @ 20% of Live Load
=
140.0
This load acts at 1.2m above the road level
Moment due to Braking Force
=
290.5
Vertical Reaction at abutment
=
32.1
Vertical Recation at abutment per metre
=
3.8
Stress @ Toe(River side)
=
16.6
Stress @ Heel(Road side)
=
13.5
kN
kN
kN
kNm
kN
kN
kN/m2
kN/m2
=
=
895.3
0.5
=
=
=
=
=
=
447.6
kN
700.0
140
kN
kN
70
kN
=
=
=
447.6
kN
53.29
kN
=
=
=
306.42
kNm
118.43
kN/m2
kN
=
=
118.43
-118.43
kN/m2
kN/m2
sin2 ( + )
1
1
k a = sin2 ( ) * (1+ k )2 * sin( )
sin( + ) X sin( )
k =
sin( ) X sin( + )
where
Radians
Radians
29.43kNm
2.4
6.625
=
=
=
416.10
3.79
29.43
kN
m ( from sill)
kN
7.633
408.47kNm
earth pressure
location of earth pressure
earth pressure for height h- 1.2 m
(IRC 6 clause 217.1)
For 1.2m eq. earthfill,centre of pressure will be at a
height
=
=
408.47
3.31
kN
from the sill
291.26
kN
moment
964.48
kNm
= (+)
(+/-) M/Z
372.779061
kN/m2
= (-)
=
=
eccentericity
stress at heel
stress at toe
net stress at toe side
net stress at heel side
calculation of stresses under span loaded condition
earth pressure
Distacne from the sill
Horizontal component of earth pressure
moment
Stress at Toe(river side)
Stress at Heel(road soil side)
vertical component
acting at a distance
eccentericity
stress at heel
stress at toe
net stress at toe (River)side
net stress at heel(soil) side
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
= (+)
= (-)
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
372.779061
kN/m2
286.390
kN
1.51
m
(from heel)
0.459
m
123.47
kN/m2
21.91
kN/m2
394.68
kN/m2
-249.31
kN/m2
224.22
2.7825
160
444.86
171.9
171.9
157.2
1.51
0.5
67.78
12.02
183.97
-104.17
kN
m
kN
kNm
kN/m2
kN/m2
kN
m
m
kN/m2
kN/m2
kN/m2
kN/m2
=
=
=
=
=
=
4.8
105.3
232.6
89.91
89.91
-89.91
kN/m3
kN
kN-m
kN/m2
kN/m2
kN/m2
since this stress are less than the stress due to earth pressure,earth pressure governs the design
9 STRESSES DUE TO BUOYANCY FORCES
width of abutment at sill level
Ht of HFL above sill Level
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
3.94
4.4
m
m
1.36
m
11.67
m3
10.00
kN/m3
117
kN
17.50
kN
(213.3:IRC6:2014)
4.44
kN/m2
-4.44
-4.44
kN/m2
kN/m2
10 SELF WEIGHT
SI NO
Description
Weight/RM
Lever arm(
from toe end
point)
Moment
KN"
46.9
95.0
"m'
1.0
1.6
KN-m
46
149
2.8
1.6
1.8
458
7
10
670.2
1
2
front batter
below bed block
3
4
5
rear batter
bed block
dirt wall
total
165.7
4.3
5.8
317.64
2.11
0.36
124.83
36.41
Stresses due to
1 D L of super structure
live load from super
2
structure
5
6
7
8
9
70.7
-16.6
70.7
-16.6
42.3
-9.9
0.0
0.0
16.6
13.5
16.6
13.5
118.4
-118.4
118.4
-118.4
184.0
-104.2
394.7
-249.3
124.8
36.4
124.8
36.4
556.8
-4.44
-199.2
-4.44
725.3
-4.44
-334.4
-4.44
552.4
maximum stress developed is
maximum tensile stress developed
-203.7
720.9
-338.9
725.3
KN/sqm
0.725
MPa
338.9
KN/sqm
0.339
MPa
Max. Comp. Stress is within limits
Tensile stress is within limits
The stresses are well with in the permisible limits of the grade of concrete(M25) adopted in the
design. The section in safe at sill level and does not require revision
0.71
0.71
Front offset
Rear Offset
u/s offset-along length
d/s offset-along length
Height
total width of footing
length of footing
0.5
0.5
0.5
0.5
1
4.94
10.82
m
m
m
m
m
m
m
Front offset
Rear Offset
u/s offset-along length
d/s offset-along length
Height
total width of footing
length of footing
0.5
0
0.5
0.5
1
5.44
11.82
m
m
m
m
m
m
m
Front offset
Rear Offset
u/s offset-along length
d/s offset-along length
Height
total width of footing
length of footing
0.5
0
0.5
0.5
1
5.94
12.82
m
m
m
m
m
m
m
Front offset
Rear Offset
u/s offset-along length
d/s offset-along length
Height
total width of footing
length of footing
0.5
0.5
0.5
0.5
0.5
6.94
13.82
m
m
m
m
m
m
m
Front offset
Rear Offset
u/s offset-along length
d/s offset-along length
Height
total width of footing
0
0
0
0
0
6.94
m
m
m
m
m
m
I footing
II footing
III footing
IV footing
V footing
length of footing
13.82
Front offset
Rear Offset
u/s offset-along length
d/s offset-along length
Height
total width of footing
length of footing
0
0
0
0
0
6.94
13.82
m
m
m
m
m
m
m
Front offset
Rear Offset
u/s offset-along length
d/s offset-along length
Height
total width of footing
length of footing
0
0
0
0
0
6.94
13.82
m
m
m
m
m
m
m
VI footing
VII footing
VIII footing
Front offset
0
Rear Offset
0
u/s offset-along length
0
d/s offset-along length
0
Height
0
total width of footing
6.94
length of footing 13.82
width of abutment at foundation level
6.94
length of abutment at foundation level 13.82
Depth of footing
3.5
eccentricity of vertical loads
0.56
Rear Offset of last footing
0.5
2 STRESSES DUE TO DEAD LOAD FROM SUPER STRUCTURE
m
m
m
m
m
m
m
m
m
895.3
64.78
kN
KN
stress at toe
13.85
kN/m2
stress at heel
4.82
kN/m2
m
m
kN
kN
stress at toe
8.3
kN/m2
stress at heel
2.9
kN/m2
6.1 STRESSES DUE TO VERTICAL REACTION INDUCED DUE TO BRAKING( 211.3-IRC 6-2014)
Live Load from Super Structure
=
700.0
kN
Braking forces @ 20% of Live Load
=
140.0
kN
This load acts at 1.2m above the road level
Moment due to Braking Force
=
290.5
kNm
Vertical Recation at abutment
=
32.1
kN
Vertical Reaction at abutment per metre
=
2.3
kN
Stress @ Toe(River side)
=
0.5
kN/m2
Stress @ Heel(Road side)
=
0.2
kN/m2
=
=
895.3
0.5
=
=
=
=
=
=
447.6
kN
700.0
140
kN
kN
70
kN
=
=
=
447.6
kN
32.39
kN
299.61
kNm
=
=
=
37.32
kN/m2
=
=
37.32
-37.32
kN/m2
kN/m2
kN
ka =
where
(1 sin )
(1 + sin )
90
1.57
degress
radians
18.3kNm
2.4
10.125
earth pressure
497.08
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
4.13
kN
m ( from footing
bottom)
18.25
kN
10.917
=
=
=
478.83
kN
3.87
478.83kNm
478.83
kN
moment
1855.30
kNm
(+/-) M/Z
231.12438
-231.12438
kN/m2
kN/m2
231.12
kN/m2
-231.12
kN/m2
=
=
=
= (+)
= (-)
=
=
=
=
324.83
3.34125
1085.34
135.207226
-135.20723
kN
m
kNm
kN/m2
kN/m2
135.21
kN/m2
-135.21
kN/m2
=
=
=
4.8
246.0
830.4
kN/cu.m
kN
kN-m
103.44
kN/m2
=
=
=
103.44
kN/m2
-103.44
kN/m2
= (+)
= (-)
=
=
=
=
since this stress is more than the stress due to earth pressure,fluid pressure governs the design
Kp
1 + sin
1 sin
where
here = angle of internal friction
= sat.unit weight of soil
kp=
3.0
0.00kNm
earth pressure
location of earth pressure
moment
stresses due to this moment
Stress at Toe(river side)
Stress at Heel(road soil side)
0.00
=
=
=
=
= (-)
= (+)
0.00
0.00
kN
m ( from footing
bottom)
kNm
(+/-) M/Z
0
0
kN/m2
kN/m2
8 SELF WEIGHT
SI NO
1
2
4
5
6
7
8
8.1
9
10
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
Lever
arm(from toe
end point of
Description Weight/RM footing level)
KN"
front batter 46.86
below bed block 95.04
rear batter 165.66
bed block
4.32
dirt wall
5.76
earth over rear batter triangular
portion 131.1475
earth over rear batter rectangular
portion 50.0745
LL Equi. Surcharge 160.056
earth over footing on rear side / I
footing offfset 62.225
earth over footing on rear side /
last footing offset 95.475
weight of cc footing below sill /I
footing 118.56
weight of cc footing below sill /II
footing 130.56
weight of cc footing below sill
/III footing 142.56
weight of cc footing below sill
/IV footing 83.28
weight of cc footing below sill /V
footing
0
weight of cc footing below sill
/VI footing
0
weight of cc footing below sill
/VII footing
0
weight of cc footing below sill
/VIII footing
0
total 1291.6
Moment
"m'
2.47
3.07
4.27
3.07
3.28
KN-m
115.9
291.8
706.8
13.3
18.9
4.27
559.6
4.69
5.19
234.6
829.9
6.19
385.2
6.69
638.7
3.97
470.7
3.72
485.7
3.47
494.7
3.47
289.0
3.47
0.0
3.47
0.0
3.47
0.0
3.47
0.0
5534.6
Span Unloaded
Resultant Load acts at a distance =
4.3
Therefore eccentricity =
0.82
kN/m2
kN/m2
kN
kNm
heel side
kN/m2
11.67
m3
4.94
5.44
5.94
5.44
0
0
0
0
33.43
334
50.1
m3
m3
m3
m3
m3
m3
m3
m3
m3
kN
kN
-7.2
kN/m2
D L super structure
live load from super
2
structure
Vertical reaction due
to longitudinal force
cum friction
4
horizontal force due to
longitudinal force cum
4.1
friction
Fluid/earth pressure
KN/sqm
13.9
4.8
13.9
4.8
8.3
2.9
0.00
0.00
0.17
0.00
0.00
37
-37
37
-37
135.21
-135.21
231.12
-231.12
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
66.1
260.0
54.9
317.3
261.2
-7.2
95.3
-7.2
337.2
-7.2
53.6
-7.2
254.0
88.1
330.0
46.4
337.2
KN/sqm
< SBC ( =
500kN/sqm)
46.4
KN/sqm
the maximum earth pressure developed is well with in the safe bearing capacity of the soil at foundation
level . Also no tension at the founding level. Hence the section adopted is safe at founding level
2.91
m
( from toepoint at
foundation level)
188.5
kN-m
113
kN-m
300
kN-m
1855
kN-m
1085.3
kN-m
4704.7
kN-m
=
=
5534.6
0.0
kN-m
kN-m
=
=
=
32.4
324.8
357.2
kN
kN
kN
direct loads
coefficient of friction between fissured rock and
concrete,(By 706.3.4-IRC78:2014)
frictional froce due to direct loads
passive earth pressure
(By 706.3.4-IRC78:2014)
CHECK FOR OVER TURNING
summary of over turning moment
longitudinal force
active earth pressure due to hori. Componenet
total
summary of the resisting moment
dead load from superstructure
self weight
Passive earth pressure
Restoring moment due to braking vertical reaction
live load from super structure
total
factor of safety against overturning
=
=
=
=
=
1131.5
2.3
64.8
38.7
1237.3
=
=
=
=
=
0.7
866.1
0.0
866.1
2.425
kN
kN
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
(By 706.3.4-IRC78:2014)
UNDER SPAN UNLOADED CONDITION
CHECK FOR SLIDING
summary of the sliding forces
longitudinal force
horizontal component of earth pressure
total
summary of the forces against sliding
Direct loads(selfwt+DL from Superstructure)
coefficient of friction between fissured rock and
frictional froce due to direct loads
passive earth pressure
Total forces against sliding
factor of safety against sliding
kN
kN
kN
kN
kN
299.6
1085.3
1385.0
kN-m
kN-m
kN-m
188.5
4704.7
0.0
6.8
112.7
5012.7
3.6
kN-m
kN-m
kN-m
kN-m
kN-m
kN-m
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
0.0
478.8
478.8
kN
kN
kN
1356.4
0.7
949.5
0.0
949.5
1.98
kN
kN
kN
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
3.1
0.0
1855.3
1855.3
kN-m
kN-m
kN-m
188.5
5534.6
5723.1
kN-m
kN-m
kN-m
From the above Analysis and Design, The assumed proportioning can be
safely adopted as Abutment Dimension.