Chromium(III) Oxide [Cr2O3]

Chromium(III) Oxide is a green powder shown above (left), as is Chromium(III)

Oxide thermite (right).

Above: Shiny Chromium metal exposed inside remnants of Cr2O3 thermite reaction

According to the reaction's stoichiometry, the ratio of Cr2O3 to Aluminum powder by

weight is about 2.8 to 1 (2.82 to 1 to be more exact).
The change in enthalpy of this reaction is calculated to be, H = -501.87 kJ
assuming that both the Chromium metal and Aluminum Oxide are in the liquid state
after the reaction, as they solidify, they release additional energy, bringing the total
change in enthalpy to, H = -536.0 kJ per 205.95 grams of thermite (-2.603 kJ/g).
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Chromium(III) oxide
Recommended articles: July 4 | April 6

Chromium(III) oxide

Chromium
sesquioxide

Other names

Chromia
Chrome green
Identifiers

CAS number

[1308-38-9]
Properties

Molecular formula

Cr2O3
151.99 g/mol

Molar mass

Cr=68.43%,
O=31.57%

Melting point
2435 C (4415 F)

Boiling point

approx. 4000 C
(7250 F)

Solubility in other

Negligible

solvents

(Insoluble)

Except where noted otherwise, data are given for

materials in their standard state
(at 25 C, 100 kPa)
Infobox references

Chromium(III) oxide is the inorganic compound of the formula Cr2O3. It is one of principal
oxides of chromium and is used as a pigment. In the nature it occurs as the rare mineral
eskolaite.

Contents
1 Structure and
properties
2 Production
3 Applications
4 References
5 See also
6 External links

Structure and properties

Cr2O3 adopts the corundum structure, consisting of cubic close packed oxides with 2/3 of the
octahedral holes occupied by chromium. It is antiferromagnetic up to 307 K, the Neel
temperature.[1][2] It not readily attacked by acids or bases, although molten alkali gives
chromites.
Production
The Parisians Pannetier and Binet first prepared Cr2O3 in 1838 via a secret process. [citation needed] It is
derived from the mineral chromite, (Fe,Mg)Cr2O4. The conversion of chromite to chromia
proceeds via Na2Cr2O7, which is reduced with sulfur at high temperatures: [3]
Na2Cr2O7 + S Na2SO4 + Cr2O3
Chromium oxide can be converted into elemental chromium metal through a thermite-like
reaction: unlike iron oxide thermites, chromium oxide thermites creates few or no sparks, smoke
or sound, but glow brightly. Because of the very high melting point of chromium, chromium
thermite casting is impractical.
Applications
Because of its considerable stability, chromia is commonly used pigment and was originally

called viridian. It is used in paints, inks, and glasses. It is the colourant in "chrome green" and
"institutional green." Chromium(III) oxide is the precursor to the magnetic pigment chromium
dioxide, according to the following reaction:[3]
Cr2O3 + 3 CrO3 5 CrO2 + O2

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19 Oktober 2008; 19:14 WITA.