PHYSICS

8. Which of the ff. is true about the matter?

1.X-rays have dual nature, which means they
both behave like _______
a.
b.
c.
d.

Atoms and Molecules

Charged and Uncharged Particles
Photons and Quanta
Waves and Particles

1. Matter is anything that occupies space

2. Matter can be transformed from one
form to another
3. Matter is the substance material which
physical objects are composed
a.
b.
c.
d.

2. X-rays have______ electric charge

a.
b.
c.
d.

Negative
Positive
Alternating and +
NO

3. X-ray beams used in diagnostic radiography

a. Homogenous
b. Monoenergetic
c. Polyenergetic
4. The intensity of the x-ray beam is greater on
the _______
a.
b.
c.
d.

Cathode side of the tube

Anode side of the tube
Short axis of the beam
Long axis of the beam

5. Line focus principle, as target angle

decreases
a.
b.
c.
d.

Actual focal spot decreases

Actual focal spot increases
Effective focal spot decreases
Effective focal spot increases

6. Extends x-ray tube life

a. Selecting tube currents
b. Using small focal spot when possible
c. Producing exposures with a wide range
kVp values
d. Warming up the tube after 2 hours of
nonuse

1
1,2
2,3
1,2,3

9. An example source of natural environmental

radiation that emits alpha particle that can only
contribute radiation to the lungs
a.
b.
c.
d.

4e 0-K
133-Xe
86-Ra
92-U

10. The first fluoroscope material used by

Thomas Edison
a.
b.
c.
d.

Fluoroscope
Zinc Cadmium Sulfide
Barium Platinocyanide
Calcium Tungstate

11. The first person who practiced filtration &

collimation was a Boston dentist named:
a.
b.
c.
d.

Michael Pupin
H. Potter
William Coolidge
William Rollins

12. Arrangement of elements of the periodic

table by Mendeleev
a.
b.
c.
d.

Increasing A
Increasing Z
Decreasing Z
Decreasing A

13. Rutherford came up with the ff. conclusion

7. What is the target interaction in most x-rays in
diagnostic beam?
a.
b.
c.
d.

Characteristic Interaction
Bremasstrahlung Interaction
Thermionic Emission
Space Charge Effect

1. Nucleus is the center of the atom

2. Electrons as integral part of atom
3. Atom is like solar system
a. 1 only
b. 1 & 2

c. 2 & 3
d. AOTA
16. The mass of an atom is mostly contained in
the:
a.
b.
c.
d.

a.
b.
c.
d.

Neutron
Proton
Nucleons
Nucleus

17. The force which causes an electron to travel

straight and leave the atom.
a.
b.
c.
d.

18. The electrons in the electron shell has

formula of 2n^2, what is n?
Azimuthal Quantum Factor
Mathematical Quantum Factor
Principal Quantum Factor
Spin Quantum Factor
A
60
28

B
60
27

Co

Fe

19. How many are isotones?A & C

20. Which are isobars?B & C or A & B
21. Isotopes? None
22. There are ____ number of neutrons in A
a.
b.
c.
d.

29
30
31
32

23. There are ____ number of protons in C

a.
b.
c.
d.

26
26
27
28

24. Which of the ff. statement/s is/are true

regarding radioisotopes?
1. The quantity of radioisotopes
progressively decreases

Isotopes
Isobars
Isotones
Isomers

27. Smallest quantity of any type of

electromagnetic energy
Photon
28. One of the properties of all electromagnetic
radiation that is constant.

C
60
28

1 only
1&3
2&3
1,2 &3

26. _____ are identical atoms except that they

exist at different energy states
a.
b.
c.
d.

Centripetal Force
Electron Binding Energy
Electrostatic Force
Centrifugal Force

a.
b.
c.
d.

2. The quantity of radioactive materials

reaches 0
3. Each radioisotope has a unique
characteristic T

a.
b.
c.
d.

Frequency
Wavelength
Velocity
Amplitude

29. When the distance from the source is

doubled, the intensity of radiation is
a.
b.
c.
d.

Increased by 2
Reduced by
Reduced by
Remains the same

30. Energy of a photon______

Ans. Decreases when the frequency is shorter
31. An object is said to __ if it has too few or too
many electron.
a.
b.
c.
d.

stable
Exposed
Electrified
Radioactive

32. The repulsive force which causes excess

electrons to move in a wire

d. 1,2,3
38. Electron Binding Energy is

a. emf
b. voltage
c. electric potential
d. all of the above
33. It is a circuit element that allows electron to
flow in one direction
a.
b.
c.
d.

capacitor
Diode
Resistor
Rheostat

34. A moving charged particle induces a

magnetic field in a plane______ to its motion
a.
b.
c.
d.

Perpendicular
Parallel
Vertical
Diagonal

35. A small magnet created by the electron orbit

is called:
a.
b.
c.
d.

Baby Magnet
Bipolar
Magnetic Moment
Magnetic Dipole

36. This is a property of some material to exhibit

no resistance below a critical temperature.
a.
b.
c.
d.

Resistive
Superconductivity
Retentivity
Conductivity

37. This is / are the result from Oersted

experiment of relating electricity and magnetism

a. The energy of attraction between

electron and shell
b. The energy required to remove the
nucleus from the atom
c. The energy required to an electron in its
nucleus
d. The energy required to remove an
electron in its orbital shell
39. The power supplied to the x-ray imaging
system is delivered first to the ______
a.
b.
c.
d.

Autotransformer
Filament Transformer
mA meter
Major / Minor kVp selector

40. Type of meter that allows voltage to be

measured before exposure
a.
b.
c.
d.

Major kVp
Minor kVp
mA meter
kVp meter

41. _____ measures the voltage applied to the

x-ray imaging system and adjusts the voltage to
precisely 220V
a.
b.
c.
d.

Filament Transformer
Line Compensator
mA meter
Minor & Major kVp

42. _____ are used to reduce voltage to a value

that corresponds to the milliamperage
Ans. Precision Resistors
43. X-ray tube current is controlled by:

1. A charged object at rest has no

magnetic field
2. An electric current cannot be induced in
a circuit merely by the presence of
magnetic field
3. An induced current will flow such
direction so as to oppose the cause that
produce it
a. 1 only
b. 1 & 3
c. 2 & 3

Ans. Filament Circuit

44. Which is true about AEC?

1. Terminates the exposure once the IR
has already received necessary
exposure
2. It has an electronic timer to turn off the
exposure if the AEC does not function

3. Operates at low kVp

45. Transformers only operate on ______
Ans. Alternating Current
46. In this kind of rectification at least 4 diodes
are contained in a circuit and all input waveform
are rectified into usable output
a.
b.
c.
d.

Unrectified Voltage
Full-wave Rectification
Half-wave Rectification
None of the choices

47. In this kind of rectification, only one diode is

contained in a circuit, however only the positive
portion of the AC appears
a. Full wave
b. Half-wave
c. Unrectified Voltage
d. None
48. Which of the following is/are true about the
advantage/s of an x-ray tube which less ripple?
1. Greater x-ray quantity
2. Greater x-ray quality
3. Greater x-ray capacity and flexibility
a.
b.
c.
d.

1,2
2,3
3 only
1,2,3

49. _____ can be found in high voltage .

imaging system
1. rectifier
2. mA meter
3. kVp meter
a.
b.
c.
d.

1 only
1&2
2&3
1,2,3

50. KERMA
Ans. Kinetic Energy Released Per Unit Mass

51. The T of a radioisotope is

a. The time required for half the atoms to be
converted to electrons
b. The time required for half the electron shells
to be filled
c. The time required for half the original atoms to
be transformed
d. The time required for half the atoms to
become radioactive
52. The autotransformer functions as a(n) _____
a.
b.
c.
d.

Line Voltage Compensator

kVp or mA selector
Filament Transformer
AEC

53. A rectifier in an x-ray circuit

a. Prevents positive charge from reaching
the anode
b. Converts AC to DC
c. Filament Transformer
d. AEC
54. X-rays that can penetrate more to the
patients body tissue have the smallest:
Ans. Wavelength
55. Greater penetration on the anode side of the
IR than the cathode side is called_______
a. Off focus radiation
b. Positive Beam Limitation
c. Heel Effect
d. Line Focus Principle
56. Effective focal spot size is smaller than the
area where x-rays are actually produced
because of beveled angle of tube is called:
a.
b.
c.
d.

Off focus radiation

Positive Beam Limitation
Heel Effect
Line Focus Principle

57. Federal Regulations limit leakage radiation

at a distance of 1 meter to an amount less than
____mR/ hr at highest kVp and maximum
continuous mA
a.
b.
c.
d.

1
25
2
100

d. Complex
58. Part of the x-ray tube responsible for heat
distribution on the anode side
a.
b.
c.
d.

Focusing Cup
Filament
Rotor
Filters

59. Secondary radiation is composed of

scattered plus _______
a.
b.
c.
d.

Off focus radiation

Cut off radiation
Leakage radiation
Primary radiation

60. Primary factors that affect spatial resolution:

68. X-ray generator that has 100% ripple in a

kVp waveform
a.
b.
c.
d.

Single-phase
3 phase, 6 pulse
3 phase, 12 pulse
High Frequency

69. The device that does not function with DC

power is a:
a. Resistor
b. X-ray Tube
c. Transformer
d. Filament
70.What is the dominant interaction in ionic
contrast media at diagnostic x-ray energies

Ans. Effective focal spot size

62. Cooling a very hot anode primarily occurs by

a.
b.
c.
d.

Conduction (?)
Convection
Friction
Radiation

63. To be able to know the K-characteristic

tungsten target x-ray tube voltage must not be
lower than _____ kVp
a.
b.
c.
d.

101.5
99
77
69.5

64. Filament circuit uses _______ transformer

Step down (?)
65. Line regulator uses ______
a. Step-Up Transformer
b. Step-Down Transformer
c. Autotransformer
d. Inverter Circuit
67. A voltage required to remove most of the
space charge around the filament and collect
more thermionic emitted electrons is called the
______ voltage
a. Cascade
b. Saturation (?)
c. Null

a.
b.
c.
d.

Photoelectric
Compton
Pair Production
Photonuclear disintegration

71. The x-ray energy at which Compton &

photoelectric energy is occurring in ____ keV
a.
b.
c.
d.

40
68
88 (wa ko kasabot sa question)
168

72. X-ray interaction mathematically expressed

as a(n):
a.
b.
c.
d.

Logarithmic (?)
Linear
Inverse Square
Exponential

73. After photoelectric interaction _____ can

occur
a.
b.
c.
d.

Characteristic Radiation
Bremsstrahlung X-ray Emission
Positron Emission
Compton Emission

74. The ______ interaction is responsible for

contrast degradation in diagnostic radiography
a. Photoelectric Interaction

b. Compton Interaction
c. Coherent Scatter
d. Pair Production
75. The probability of ______ interaction
between x-rays and matter decreases in inverse
proportion to the photon energy cubed.
a.
b.
c.
d.

Photoelectric Interaction
Compton Interaction
Coherent Scatter
Pair Production

76. Which of these is responsible for producing

contrast on a radiograph?
a.
b.
c.
d.

Photoelectric Interaction
Compton Interaction
Coherent Scatter
Pair Production

77. Which of the ff. produce scatter radiation that

exit the patient and may fog the radiograph?
a. Photoelectric Interaction
b. Compton Interaction
c. Coherent Scatter
d. Pair Production
78. Which of the photon-tissue interaction does
not result in ionization?
a.
b.
c.
d.

Photoelectric Interaction
Compton Interaction
Coherent Scatter
Pair Production

79. Marks on the focal track of the anode

resulting from bombardment of electron are
called:
a. melt
b. bullet mark
c. pitting
d. crack
80. The filament is kept warm by
Ans:Low current
a.
b. Insulating Oil
c. Lead Housing
d.
81. Self-induction is used in the operation
of______
a. Step Up
b. Autotransformer

c. Step Down
d. Electronic Timer
82. What is the resistance of circuit in 80 Kv and
200 mAs
a.
b.
c.
d.

16,000
2.5
400
400,000

84. 110 kVp, 12 , what will be the exposure

Ans. 9.2
85. HU in heat units within single phase with 100
kVp, 200 mA, 0.1 s
HU = 2000 HU
86. HU in high frequency with 120 kVp, 300 mA,
0.6 s
HU = 30,240 HU
87. 100 C/kg = ___ R
R = 387146.73
88. 70 kVp, 200 mAs, 400 mR at 90 cm, What
will be the exposure at 100 cm?
Ans. 100
89. Find R - O.5 A & 1.5 V
Ans: R =3 ohms
90. Solve for power 80A, 220V
P = 17600W
91. Q shell electron binding energy
Ans. 98
92. 1mrem=___uSv
10uSv
93. 6 kg, 1.5, 9.8 m/s2 Find PE
Ans. 88.2
94. An angiointerventional system is capable of
1,200 mA when operated with 100 kVp, 100 ms.
What is the power rating?
a. 95 kW
b. 120 W
c. 95 W

d. 120 kW

c. Beta Decay
d. Gamma Decay

95. Gold-198 has a T OF 2.7 days. How much

of a 96 kg sample of Gold 198 will be left after
8.1 days?
a.
b.
c.
d.

12g
28g
41g
52.8g

96. Ans. a. 300

97. The activity of a radioactive material was a
344Bq. 2 days later its activity with the same
material has fallen into 43Bq. Calculate the T
a.
b.
c.
d.

8 hr
16hr
86hr
172hr

98 100 ILLUSTRATION
A
18
9

18
8

222
86
218
84

Rn

99
42

Mo

Po

99
43

Tc

98. The illustration of A is transformed to another

atom through:
a.
b.
c.
d.

Alpha Decay
Beta + Decay
Beta Decay
Gamma Decay

99. The illustration of B is transformed to another

atom through:
a.
b.
c.
d.

Alpha Decay
Beta + Decay
Beta Decay
Gamma Decay

100. The illustration of C is transformed to

another atom through:
a. Alpha Decay
b. Beta + Decay