Professional Documents
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T06: Geology and Solid Earth V, Wednesday, July 27, 16:00 - 16:20 , #1725
University
2Japan Oil, Gas and Metals National Corporation
3Geological Survey of Namibia, Ministry of Mines and Energy
Introductions
Objectives
An development of rock and mineral identification method using
hyper-spectral sensor data
Extraction of hydrothermally-altered minerals and pegmatite in
southern Namibia
Pegmatite
rich in mica group minerals (muscovite, lepidolite) and quartz
Mica group also has diagnostic absorption features in the SWIR
regions
Data
HyMap reflectance data
ASTER surface
emissivity (2B04) data
2 bands in thermal
infrared (TIR) regions:
band 12 (8.9-9.3 mm),
band 13 (10.3-11.0 mm)
Reference spectra
Sensor
HyMap
(SWIR)
Area
Southern Cuprite
Namibia
Spatial
resolution
(m)
Spectral
resolution
(nm)
ASTER
(TIR)
3.5
~16
90
~700
Continuum removal
ASTER surface
emissivity data
Continuum removal
Continuum-removal spectrum
Removing of continuum is
effective for mineral identifications
[e.g., Green and Graig, 1985;
Yamaguchi and Lyon, 1986]
continuum
Validation
Test site
Cuprite, Nevada, USA
Method
Comparing our mineral index
maps with the reference map
Reference map
Mineral map derived by using
AVIRIS data and Tricorder
software tool
[Clark and Swayze, 1996]
Test minerals
Alunite, calcite, chlorite, dickite,
kaolinite, montmorillonite, highand low-Al muscovite,
pyrophyllite
MSAM
MSAM
MSAM
Threshold
Alunite
0.6
Calcite
0.6
Chlorite
0.6
Dickite
0.8
Kaolinite
0.7
Lepidolite
0.7
Montmorillonite
0.7
High-Al Muscovite
0.7
Low-Al Muscovite
0.7
Pyrophyllite
0.7
Lepidolite
Determined by examining the
features in the reflectance
spectra of extracted image
pixels corresponding to each
threshold value
Others
Determined by comparing with
the reference mineral map of
Cuprite [Clark and Swayze,
1996]
Assumption
Study area
Porphyry copper
deposits
Hydrothermal
alteration
Pegmatite-type
deposits
Pegmatite-type
deposits
Field survey
Pegmatite (black arrows)
Silicified rock with quartz dykes
(white arrow)
HyMap spectra of
(1) Hydrothermally-altered minerals
2.17 mm
2.21 mm
2.33 mm
2.37 mm
2.17 mm
2.33 mm
Dickite
2.21 mm
2.33 mm
Pyrophyllite
Bold lines: HyMap spectra
Thin lines: reference spectra
Dotted lines: continuum-removal spectra
Kaolinite
HyMap spectra of
(2) Mica group minerals
2.19 mm
2.21 mm
2.34 mm
2.34 mm
Lepidolite
2.23 mm
2.21 mm
2.36 mm
Muscovite (high-Al)
Bold lines: HyMap spectra
Thin lines: reference spectra
Dotted lines: continuum-removal spectra
Muscovite (Low-Al)
Summary
The spectral pattern of the extracted pixels is mostly consistent with each
reference spectrum.
This work is a part of mineral exploration renovating program conducted by Japan Oil, Gas and Metals
National Corporation (JOGMEC) and is fully funded by the Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry,
Japan.
Continuum removal
The way of continuum
determination
1. Calculating slopes of the lines
through band 95 and all other
bands (96 to 126). The band
with largest slope in a
positive direction is defined
as band A.
95
126
1km
1km
Dickite : Kaolinite : Pyrophyllite
Background: HyMap band 5 (0.4982 mm) image