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Lab Power Supply 0-20V 10mA-2A

Author
Zoran Petkovic
June 5, 2012

NOTE: if you would like more replacements of the parts write in the comments these parts are
parts that every electronic store has and at the time when i designed this i designed it around the
parts i had in my junk box

Transformers
TR1
TR21
Semiconductors
D1,D2,D3,D4
D5, D6,D13,D14
D7
D8
D9,D10,D11,D12
Q1,Q4
Q2
Q3
Q5
Q6
DISP 1,2,3,4

24V 2A
2x6V 0.2A this is a center
taped transformer meaning it
has 2x secondary
BY296
1N4148
ZF7V5 or any 7.5v zener
diode
ZF15 or any 15v zener diode
1N4004 or any 1A rectifier
diode
BC140
BC160
2N3055
2N3904
BC556B
13mm Common anode 7

LED1
Passive components
C1,C2

segment displays chose your


color
3mm LED chose your color

2200F 35V
1F 35V Tantalum
C3,C4,C12,C13,C15,C17,C18,C19
capacitors or electrolytic
C5,C11
1F 35V
C6,C7
470pF
C8,C9,C25
10F 35V
C10
100F 35V
C14,C16
1000F 16V
C20
100pF
C21
0.1F
C22
22nF
C23, C26
0.47F
C24
0.22F
R1, R27
300R 0.5W
R3
3k9
R5, R8,R31
4k7
R9
220R
R7
100R
R10, R26,R32
47k
R11
1k 2W
R12
0.33R 5W
R15, R16
22k
R28
510R 0.5W
R17
1k5 0.5W
R18
3k3
0.1R 5W In schematic these
R19
are shown as 1 resistor but
they are actualy 2 in paralel
R20
5k1
R21, R25
1M
R22
100k
R23
22k
1k small trimmer
R24
potentiometer
P1, P3
50k linear potentiometer
P2, P4
5k linear potentiometer
R2
5k1 1W
R4
8k2

R6, R13, R14


R29
R30
L1

1k
4R7
10k
1mH

Integrated Circuits
IC1
IC2
IC3, IC4
IC6
IC7
IC8

LM317T
LM723 DIL
MC1458 DIP
79L05
78M05
ICL7107

Misc

When searching capacitors sometimes its good to search like this for example 0.47F if result
doesn't show any results try converting it into nano-farads 470nF then search again

Part of this circuit is connected to the mains electricity which can be lethal proceed with
caution !
A few advices about working with mains:
Always ground conductive parts of your working area, your project boxes or whatever is
conductive and can get in contact with mains electricity.
Always check that you have disconnected mains voltage physically NOT with a switch or
any other mechanical/electronic way before you go in with your hands. its not uncommon for
switches to fail also some switches only disconnect one line and in countries like mine you can
turn around the plug in your wall so if you turn around the plug you can get live wire still present
even with the switch being off
If you need to take measurement of high voltages make sure your equipment is rated for such
measurement and is undamaged

I tried to draw this schematic into recognizable blocks so lets go trough those blocks see what
they do in circuit build them and test each block and its the order we build each block.

Block 1:

this block couldn't get any simpler 220VAC comes into primary of transformer and on the
secondary we get 24VAC this is rectified by bridge rectifier consisting of 4 diodes then its fed to
the high value capacitors for smoothing once we build this part time to turn it on and measure
DC voltage across capacitors without load it should read ~32.44v 6v .
Now you might ask how come we get 33v on the output when we had 24VAC this is because on
the AC scale of your multimeter multimeter takes only effective value of the AC voltage or RMS
value real peak of the AC is increased by 2 or 1.41 so you take effective value in our case
24VAC and multiply it with 1.41 and we get 33.84 now we need to reduce this further for the
amount of 2 diodes voltage drop, now in school i was taught that this voltage drop for silicon
diode is about 0.7v but later you will find out that this value varies with temperature but lets just
call it 0.7 for now, so 33.84-2x0.7=33.44v but in reality it should be close to that you will never
get exact value calculated 6v for our application is fine. If it works proceed to next block.

Block 2:

Again simple block this block is just stable supply for the op-amps and voltage inverter it takes
any higher voltage and spits out voltage set by the resistors. it consists of 3-Terminal Positive
Adjustable Regulator chip LM317T 2 resistors which will set our output voltage and smoothing
capacitors.

On schematic it is labeled that in that node we should get 22v but in reality i measured 23.5v
which is totally fine. but here is how to calculate the output voltage, in datasheet we can find that
Vout=Vref*(1+R2/R1) Vref is chips internal voltage reference which is 1.25v in case of LM317T
now to calculate for our case Vout=1.25*(1+5100/300)=22.5v but again resistors aren't perfect
and in this application they don't need to be precise they will also vary with temperature its why
they are somewhat higher power there is no other reason, and again couple of capacitors to keep
things smooth as possible

Block 3:

This block is voltage inverter it means that it takes voltage that is more positive then the GND
and on its output gives voltage that is more negative in respect to the GND.
But why do we need such a contraption? Well its due to a fact that op-amps cant go to supply
rails let me explain that if you supply op-amp with 22v on its output you will never get 22v or 0v
it will always be close to those 2 extremes but in our application we need 0-20 volts on the
output of the op-amp 22v is high enough to get 20v out but if we want to go to 0 volts output we

would have to go lower then the GND thats why we need negative voltage anything lower then
-2 and within a limit of what op-amp can handle is fine in schmatic is -6.6v which is fine

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