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PROGRAM PENINGKATAN PRESTASI


MATA PELAJARAN SAINS DAN MATEMATIK
TAHUN 2007
JABATAN PELAJARAN SELANGOR
MARKING SCHEME

SECTION A

MARKS
MARKING CRITERIA
No. SUB TOTAL
1.(a) Displacement is distance travelled in a particular direction. 1
Or shortest path between two points

Displacement is a vector quantity / derived quantity 1

P
A straight line is drawn from P to R, with an arrow showing the 1
direction
1 4
Velocity = 500 / 1 ms-1
500
2. (a) Speed is the rate of change of distance 1

(b) Cyclist moving with uniform deceleration //velocity decreases 1


uniformly
(c) 1
RS or VW
(d)
1. Correct substitution :½ x 7 x 550 / ½ x 7 x (350 + 200) 2 5
1. Answer and units : 1925 m

3.(a) Pascal’s principle 1

(b) Pressure at P = Pressure at Q 1

(c) 1. 150 x 500 1


15
2. 5000 N (answer with correct units) 1

(d) Release valve is to drain(return) the fluid back to the container //


so that the load can return to the starting position. 1

(e) Incompressible.
2
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2

4(a). (i) liquid  gas


(ii) gas  liquid 1

(b) Latent heat


1
1. (latent) heat is absorbed from the liquid to change its phase to
(c) gas 1
2. (latent) heat is released when gas converts back to liquid 1

(d) same 1

(e) Heat = m l
= 50 x 3.2 x 106 / 0.05 x 3.2 x 106 (substitution) 1

= 1.6 x 105 J (answer + units)


1 7

5(a) (A stream of) (high energy) electrons. 1

(b) m = 14 1
n=7 1

(c)(i) γ :travel in straight line / travel straight without any deflection


β : moves/deflect towards the positive terminal
α : moves/deflect towards the negative terminal
2
(ii) γ : neutral
β : negatively charged
α : positively charged
1
(d)(i)
Degree of deflection for alpha smaller than beta
(iii) 1
Mass of α is larger than the mass of β
1 8

6(a)(i) Anti clockwise


Clockwise 1
(ii) Right hand grip rule/corkscrew rule 1

(b) When I increases ,magnetic field lines are closer / density of 1


magnetic field lines increase.
Strength of magnetic field increase 1

(c)(i) Magnetic field lines pattern is correct 1


(ii) Magnetic field lines pattern is correct 1

(iii) 1. both field at the top of wire P are in the same direction./ 1 8
density of magnetic field lines is greater on top of P
2. the resultant magnetic field is stronger at the top of wire
P/resultant irregular magnetic field exerts a downward 1
force on P.
3

7(a) 1. light passes through a narrow / small slit /gap


2. light spread/bends after passing through slit 2

(b) Diffraction 1

c (i) Single bright fringe

c) (ii) 1. the slit width is considerably greater than the wavelength


of light.
2. diffraction of light is less. 2

d)(i) 1. draw diffraction/spreading of waves (slightly circular)


2. show that wavelength of waves before and after 2
diffraction is the same.
(ii)
1. The energy of the wave is spread beyond the gap.
2. The amplitude of the wave decreases (as it gets further 2
away from the gap.)
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8.(a)(i) To limit the current through the transistor 1

(ii) As the brightness increases, resistance of X decreases. 1

(iii) The greater the resistance, the higher the potential difference 1
across BC// potential difference across BC increases with RX

(b)(i) 12 V 1
11
(ii) 1. VBC =
11 +11
x 12

2. 6 V (answer and units 2

(iii) yes 1

(iv) 1. VBC is greater than 4 V


2. Base current flows
3. Transistor is activated //Collector current flows// Relay will
switched on lights 2
(Any two correct)

(c) 1. Resistor 11 kΩ is replaced by termistor


2. X replaced resistor
3. bulbs replaced by alarm 3
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FIZIK KERTAS 2
( Section B )
No. Marking Criteria / Answers Marks
9.(a) Buoyant force is an upward force acting on an object immersed in a fluid 1
( i)

(ii) 1. States that the actual mass/weight of the catch is the same in all
three figures.
The mass of the catch does not change through out the whole act
of lifting the net
2. Comparing the volume of the catch still under water.
The volume of the catch still in the water is getting smaller/is the least
in Figure 9.3 and the largest in Figure 9.1
3. Comparing the force needed to lift the net
The force needed to lift the catch is getting bigger. / in Figure 9.3 is
the greatest
4. Comparing the weight of water displaced
The weight of water displaced is getting smaller / the greatest in
Figure 9.1 and the least in 9.3
5. States that buoyant force is equal to weight of water displaced
6. Relate the weight of water displaced with buoyant force
The greater the weight of water displaced the greater the buoyant force
(Any 5 correct) 5

(b) 1. States that the related principle is the Archimedes’ Principle.


2. Draw a diagram of the hydrometer correctly (small and long stem, with
big bulb with lead or steel balls)
3. When a hydrometer floats in a liquid, the buoyant force is equal to the
weight of the hydrometer
4. Buoyant force = ρ V g / depends on density of liquid.
5. The smaller the density of the liquid, the more liquid it displaces and the
4
deeper the hydrometer will sink.
(any 4 correct)

Suggestion Rationale
(c)
1. Balloon should be large size To create sufficient buoyant force
due to greater weight of
surrounding air displaced.
2. Balloon material is made of light The total weight of the balloon is
weight material like nylon less than the buoyant
force//reduce weight
3. Balloon material should also have a It will not disintegrate when
high melting point. exposed to hot air
4. The part of the balloon (the skirt) So that it doesn’t catch fire easily
near the burner must be fire
resistant /coated with fire resistant
material
5. The burner burns (liquefied) Warms up the air in the balloon
propane/gas
6. A large fan is needed initially To blow enough air into the
balloon
5

7. The basket must be made off light Prolong the collision time
and flexible/safe material (e.g. between basket and ground//
rattan or cane woven) reduce impulsive force when
basket hits the ground
8. There must be a line or rope from Prevents the balloon from being
the balloon to the ground swept away from the carnival
site. 10
9. Best times to launch the balloon are Cool air is denser, providing
early morning and late afternoon more buoyant force
when the air is cooler
Any 5 correct
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No. Marking Criteria/Answers Marks


10(a) Electric current is the rate of flow of charge. 1

(b) 1. The voltmeter in Figure 10.1(a) is parallel to the resistor while in Figure
10.2(a) the voltmeter is parallel to the battery.
2. The graph in 10.1(b) shows that potential difference is directly
proportional to current.
3. Obeys Ohm’s law
4. Graph in Figure 10.2(b) shows that the potential difference across the
cell decreases when the current flowing through it increases.// V
decreases linearly with I
5. Voltage drop is due to the internal resistance of the battery
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(c) 1. The lighted candle / the heat from the candle causes the air molecules
(surrounding it) to be ionised.
2. The positive charges would be attracted to the negative plate and/or the
negative charges would be attracted to the positive plate
3. The flame of the candle would be dispersed (flattened) into top parts //
suitable diagram
4. More the flame is attracted to the negative plate //diagram
5. Positive charges are heavier than negative charges. 4
( any 4 correct)
(d)
1. The main body of the kettle is made up of high specific heat capacity
materials.
2. This is to make sure that the outer body does not heat up too fast.
3. The body of the kettle must be made from insulator-like materials
4. that reduces heat loss to the surroundings
5. The material should also have a low density
6. so that it is lighter to carry.
7. The handle must be made of insulators
8. So that it does not get heated. 8

P 800
9. I = = // 3.33 A
V 240

10. Most suitable: 5 A fuse


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2
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No. Marking Criteria/Answers Marks


11.(a) Image that cannot be formed on the sreen. 1
(i)
1. Concave surface gives inverted image
(a)(ii) 2 & 3. Sketch a ray diagram to show a diminished inverted real image
4. Convex surface give upright image
5 & 6. Sketch a ray diagram to shown diminished upright virtual image.
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b) Mirror should be chosen base on:
1. Shape should be convex
2. Gives wider field of view and upright image.
3. Better weather resistance
4. So that mirror will not get blur under heat, light and rain.
5. Hight impact resistance
6. prevent damage due to strong force cause by accident or vandalism.
7. High reflectivity
8. Produce brighter image under dim light.
9. Mirror R is more appropriate,
10.because it is convex. It is made from excellent weather resistant material
and has good impact resistance and high reflectivity. It is more important to
have high [weather resistance than good impact resistance because it is 10
constantly having to resist while rarely experiencing impact.]

c)(i) Focal length, 20 cm 1

(ii) 1. Real and diminished.


2. 20 – 15 = 5 cm 2

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No. Marking Criteria/Answers Marks
12.(a) Elastic potential energy 1
(i)

(a)(ii) 1. When the girl jumps on the trampoline bed, the force of the jump stretches
the springs.
2. As the springs are stretched, they store elastic potential energy.
3. At that point, the potential energy in the springs is converted to kinetic
energy, and the springs begin to restore themselves to their initial position.
4. The kinetic energy provided by the springs pushes the girl up into the air and
change to potential energy. 4

(b)(i) 1. High spring constant


2. Stiffer, more potential energy stored and converted to kinetic energy.The
kinetic energy provided pushes the competitors higher up in the air.

3. Steel frame
4. Stronger, can support the competitor

5. More coiled springs


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6. Allows for higher bounces and more complicated stunts.

7. Trampoline Q
8. Q is chosen because it has the highest spring constant, it is made of steel 8
and has the most number of coiled spring.

(b)(ii)
1. Jump harder/ push harder
2. To increase reactive force/ to store more energy 2
c)(i)
v2 = u2 + 2as
0 = u2 + 2(-10)(5)
u = 10 m s-1

or ½ mv2 = mgh 2
v2 = 2 gh
v = 10 m s-1
(ii)
E = ½ mv2
= ½ ( 100/1000) (10)2
= 5J
(iii)
½ kx2 = 5 J 2
k = 1000 N m-1

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