There are 11 body systems and we have Humans have five vital organs that are essential for

survival. These are the brain, heart, kidneys, liver, and lungs.

1.

Circulatory System- the major organ is the heart. The function is to pump the blood
throughout the blood vessels. It moves blood, nutrients, oxygen, carbon dioxide, and
hormones, around the body. It consists of the heart, blood, blood vessels, arteries and
veins. Heart disease and other circulatory problems are major sources of disability and death.
According to the American Heart Association, cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of
death in the United States. Aortic Aneurysm The aorta is the major blood vessel carrying
blood away from the heart. Weakening of the blood vessel wall causes a bulge, called an
aneurysm. Atherosclerosis, or hardening of the arteries, develops when plaque builds up in the
arteries. Plaques are made up of cells, connective tissue and certain fats. These deposits
occur in patches along the inner walls of large and medium sized arteries. Growth of plaques
can block blood flow and oxygen to the affected areas, possibly leading to a heart attack or
stroke. Deep vein thrombosis -- DVT -- occurs when blood clots form in one of the deep veins
-- typically the thigh or calf. DVT can be life-threatening if the clot travels to the lungs -- a
condition called pulmonary embolism. This condition causes shortness of breath and pain with
deep breathing. Ployarteritis nodosa -- PAN -- is a serious inflammatory disease of the small to
medium sized arteries. Many body systems are involved, including the skin, central nervous
system, heart, kidneys and intestinal tract. PAN is commonly associated with hepatitis B
infection, but in most cases the cause for the illness is unknown. Arteriovenous malformations
-- AVMs -- are abnormal tangles of blood vessels within an area of the circulatory system. They
typically develop before or right after birth. AVMs that form in the brain or spinal cord can result
in particularly severe problems and even death.

2.

Digestive System- The function is to digest food. It consists of a series of connected

organs that together, allow the body to break down and absorb food, and remove waste.
It includes the mouth, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine, rectum, and
anus. The liver and pancreas also play a role because they produce digestive juices.
Diverticulosis/diverticulitis Small pouches may form along the walls of the
large intestine called diverticuli which if symptomatic, causing discomfort to the
patient, is called diverticulosis. These abnormal outpocketings may collect and
not be able to empty fecal material which can lead to inflammation,
diverticulitis. Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD) Severe heartburn
in laymens language. Weakness of the valve between the esophagus and
stomach may allow stomach acid to reflux (regurgitate, backup) into the
esophagus and irritate and inflame the lining. This results in chest pain which
can mimic that of angina (pain of cardiac ischemia or an MI). Esophageal

varices bulging, engorged veins in the walls of the esophagus are often a
complication of chronic alcoholism (see portal hypertension). The thin-walled,
swollen veins are at risk of tearing resulting in severe, possibly fatal, bleeding.
Dysphagia Difficulty swallowing. May be related to GERD (see above),
esophageal tumor or other causes. Crohns Disease a chronic inflammatory
disease primarily of the bowel.Typical symptoms are abdominal pain, weight
loss, diarrhea. There may also be rectal bleeding that can lead to anemia.
Special X-rays and tests are needed to differentiate Crohns from other
diseases with similar symptoms.
3.

Endocrine System- is composed of hormones that help function the growth and
development of the body. It consists of eight major glands that secrete hormones into
the blood. These hormones, in turn, travel to different tissues and regulate various
bodily functions, such as metabolism, growth and sexual function. Common endocrine
disorders include diabetes mellitus, acromegaly (overproduction of growth hormone), Addisons
disease (decreased production of hormones by the adrenal glands), Cushings syndrome (high
cortisol levels for extended periods of time), Graves disease (type of hyperthyroidism resulting
in excessive thyroid hormone production)

4.

Immune System- Is the body's defense against bacteria, viruses and other pathogens
that may be harmful. It includes lymph nodes, the spleen, bone marrow, lymphocytes

5.

(including B-cells and T-cells), the thymus and leukocytes, which are white blood cells.
Integumentary System- is composed of the skin, finger nails, and hair. It is the body's
largest organ. It protects us from the outside world, and is our first defense against
bacteria, viruses and other pathogens. Our skin also helps regulate body temperature

6.

and eliminate waste through perspiration.

Lymphatic System- includes lymph nodes, lymph ducts and lymph vessels, and also
plays a role in the body's defenses. Its main job is to make is to make and move lymph,
a clear fluid that contains white blood cells, which help the body fight infection. It also
removes excess lymph fluid from bodily tissues, and returns it to the blood.

7.

Muscular System- the basic part of the muscular system is the muscle. It consists of
about 650 muscles that aid in movement, blood flow and other bodily functions. There
are three types of muscle: skeletal muscle which is connected to bone and helps with
voluntary movement, smooth muscle which is found inside organs and helps to move
substances through organs, and cardiac muscle which is found in the heart and helps

8.

pump blood.
Nervous System- The main function of this system is to collect and receive information
from the brain that the body needs. It controls both voluntary action (like conscious
movement) and involuntary actions (like breathing), and sends signals to different parts
of the body. The central nervous system includes the brain and spinal cord. The
peripheral nervous system consists of nerves that connect every other part of the body

9.

to the central nervous system.

Reproductive System- allows humans to reproduce. The male reproductive system
includes the penis and the testes, which produce sperm. The female reproductive
system consists of the vagina, the uterus and the ovaries, which produce eggs. During
conception, a sperm cell fuses with an egg cell, which creates a fertilized egg that

10.

implants and grows in the uterus.

Respiratory System- the nose, lungs, diaphragm, trachea, bronchi, and pharynx are
assigned in the body to supply oxygen. Which allows us to take in vital oxygen and
expel carbon dioxide in a process we call breathing. It consists mainly of the trachea,

11.

the diaphragm and the lungs.

Skeletal System- is the total framework of the body. Bones are considered as the main
part of the skeletal system, but without the help of the other parts, it cannot hold its
place together. It consists of 206 bones that are connected by tendons, ligaments and
cartilage. The skeleton not only helps us move, but it's also involved in the production

of blood cells and the storage of calcium. The teeth are also part of the skeletal system,
but they aren't considered bones.

http://www.onlinehumananatomycourse.net/11-body-systems-and-itsfunctions/
February 10, 2013 by Milan Gavin in 11 Body Systems
http://www.livescience.com/37009-human-body.html
by Rachael Rettner, Senior Writer | May 30, 2013 05:23pm ET
http://www.livestrong.com/article/111570-diseases-disorders-circulatorysystem/
Last Updated: Apr 14, 2015 | By Kalli Harrison
https://www.dmu.edu/medterms/digestive-system/digestive-system-diseases/

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30, 2015, from http://www.livestrong.com/article/111570-diseases-disorders-circulatory-system/
Last Updated: Apr 14, 2015 | By Kalli Harrison

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