You are on page 1of 10

AIRPORT TERMINAL HVAC DESIGN

GUIDELINE
1. HEAT LOAD
Outdoor Condititons (Source - Hvac Specs 1 April 2015 )
Latitude
29.22 North
Longitude 47.98 E
Altitude
55 M
Summer temperature: 48 C db, 25.5 C Wb
Winter temperature: Dry bulb: 4.5 C Wet bulb: 2 C
Average daily temperature range: 13.33 C

Envelope Data (Source - CD-A0000-A-RPT-010-0)


The minimum clearance below false ceiling in the main public spaces is 9m.
The minimum clearance below false ceiling in the secondary public spaces is 4m.
The minimum clearance below false ceiling in nonpublic spaces is 3.5 m
The minimum area of the clear openings in the landside facade is 2600 m (excluding structure, mullions)
The minimum area of the clear openings in the airside facade is 2800 m (excluding structure, mullions)
A minimum size of 4m for at least 90% of the glazed curtain wall panels is required.
The visible width of the curtain wall mullions seen from the outside shall not exceed 80mm
The Airside and Landside faade (Front entry and last check gates) are curtain walls.
The air intakes and exhausts shall be avoided
The Side faade shall be covered with aluminum cladding.
The air intakes and exhausts shall be covered with louvers. The louvers design shall be consistent with
the aluminum cladding covering the faade.
A minimum size of 2m for at least 90% of the cladding panels is required
A minimum roof overhang (from the faade to the edge of the roof) of 2m is required above the side
facades. A minimum roof overhang (from the faade to the edge of the roof) of 10m is required above the
airside and landside facades.
A minimum roof overhang (from the faade to the edge of the roof) of 2m is required above
the side facades.
The minimum area of the clear openings in the roof is 7500 m. For roof, ExtrudedPolystyrene Board Roof Insulation: ASTM C 578, of type VI, with maximum flame-spread and
smoke-developed indexes of 75 and 450, respectively, per ASTM E 84.
1. Density 29 kg/cu m
2. Compressive Strength 276 kPa
3. Thermal Resistance: 50 mm thick 1.76 K.m2/W [10 F. ft2.h/Btu].

Thermal and Optical Performance Properties: Provide glass with performance


properties specified based on Manufacturer's published test data, as indicated
below:
1. Center-of-Glass U-Value for vertical glazing: 1.1 W/m.K.
2. Center-of-Glass U-Value for horizontal glazing (rooflights): 1.7 W/m.K.
3. Center-of-Glass Solar Heat Gain Coefficient: 25%.
4. Light Transmittance: 50%.
From few catalogs (For vertical and roof glass)

Louver Performance Ratings:


a. Free Area: Not less than 0.74 sq. m for 1,220-mm-wide by 1,220-mm-high louver.
b. Air Performance: Not more than 25-Pa static pressure drop at 3.6-m/s free area
velocity.

2. CLIENT REQUIREMENTS (Source - Hvac Specs 1 April 2015)

Description of the HVAC system:

During concept stage, it is very difficult to say the cooling load figures. Based on
area, and activity, the tentative idea have been established. The calculation is
required after architecture specify the shape and dimension etc. The cooling load
will be within 2000 2500 TR.
The following areas have to be looked into:

1) Provision of thermal energy storage according to Local code


MEW. The space requirement should be complied with architecture in design stage
. It is advisable to discuss with MEW after plotting the cooling load profile related to
requirement of thermal energy storage during peak load operation.

2) Energy recovery unit related to reduction of fresh air load should


be considered according to MEW code.
Primary secondary system can be adopted related to chilled water distribution.
Natural draft cooling towers can be placed on roof of plant room. Suitable location of
thermal storage should be considered either in basement and can be interfaced
with Chilled water distribution system.
In office areas, under floor distribution system can be considered with floor mounted
air conditioning modules and floor mounted air diffuser active type, controlled by
individual controller in master slave principle.
In big areas like hall, AHU should be placed in a corner or roof and duct can run at
high level either by Jet diffuser or suitable wall induction displacement diffusers.
In special areas where glazing is obstructing to run duct in perimeter side wall,
underfloor duct with free standing recirculation air cooling unit can be considered.
Suitable Energy Recovery unit related to energy saving according to ASHRAE 90.1
and MEW guideline code should be adopted and the placement may be considered
on roof in co ordination with Architecture.
Computer Room AirConditioning (CRAC) system shall be provided for accurate
control of temperature and relative humidity within the IT/Sever facility rooms.
Smoke ventilation system should be provided as per KFD regulations and NFPA
standards. Stairs and lift wells should be pressurized mechanically by Fresh Air fans.
Smoke ventilation should be provided through smoke extraction fans located at
mechanical floors or on the roofs
Public Hall, Large volume area smoke evacuation will be provided by inducting
fresh air at the ground floor level (with the assistance of automatic doors), and will
be exhausted through smoke exhaust fans
Ait filter will be as per ASHRAE 52 or Eurovent 779 2002 eqv. The MERV is the best
measure.

Office area MERV 9 (Pre MERV 7, Bag MERV 9)


Prayer Hall MERV 13. (Pre 7, Bag 13)
Smoking room MERV 16 or better. ( pre 7, bag 13, absolute 16) .
All fresh air fans shall be provided with washable 50 mm thick
Aluminium filters with MERV 5 as per ASHRAE 52.2.

3. MEW REQUIREMENTS
Kuwait airport is 10 km far from sea and a coastal region

6.1.1
Walls
and

Roofs
Table 6.1 provides a list of the maximum allowable overall heat transfer coefficients
(U) for variety of wall and roof constructions and their external color.
a) Exposed floor: Exposed floors in multistory apartment buildings or similar
constructions shall not have a U value of more than 0.568 W/(m2 .K) (0.1 Btu/(h.ft2 .
F)).

b) Columns and beam insulation: Columns and beams should be insulated in a


manner similar to corresponding walls and roofs. Accordingly, their U values should
not exceed 0.568 W/(m2 .K) (0.1 Btu/(h.ft2 .F)) for the columns and 0.0398 W/
(m2.K) (0.07 Btu/(h.ft2. oF)) for the beam. In case the columns and beams are not
insulated, this requirement shall be compensated for by additional insulation on
walls/roofs.
c) Slab-On-Grade Insulation (for buildings without basements): It should be water
resistant, laid horizontally on the slab at the inner side of external walls and extends
a distance of 120 cm from the wall. The R value for the insulation material should
not be less than R7 (1.4 m2 .K/W).
d) Below-Grade Wall Insulation: Below-Grade Wall shall have a rated R-value not less
than the R-value of the Above-Grade Wall.
Note: The envelope components (Exterior Walls, Roofs and Floors) of unconditioned
spaces connected to conditioned spaces shall have U-values similar to the
conditioned spaces.

chillers
for
all
interior
Kuwait
operating
of 500 RT
well as for
the
of Kuwait
operating
of
1,000

Water-cooled
shall be used
projects in the
region
of
with
total
plant capacity
and above, as
all projects in
coastal region
with
total
plant capacity
RT and above

Projects
with
partial
occupancy
and
cooling
load
capacity
in
the
range
from 500 to 1000 RT in the
coastal region shall use air cooled chillers. The system type (air or water cooled)
shall be based on the diversified cooling load before applying partial cool storage.
All buildings shall use a CRU (such as rotary-wheel, etc.) when:
1. The recoverable exhaust air quantity is equal to or more than 2,000 CFM (940 l/s)
for all buildings in the coastal region,
2. The recoverable exhaust air quantity is equal to or more than 3,000 CFM (1410
l/s) for buildings in the interior region. The CRU shall have a minimum efficiency of
75% for all buildings in the coastal region as well as in buildings with high
ventilation rates (buildings peaking at wet bulb prioritization) in the interior region.
For toilets use heat pipe recovery ahu units

Thermal Storage
Cool storage (ice, water or eutectic) is encouraged and recommended for partially
occupied buildings with plant production capacity of below 500 RT. However, for
buildings with plant production capacity of 500 RT and above, it is mandatory to use
a thermal storage system. The capacity of such system shall be able to provide at
least 25% of the total plant production capacity for 4 hours during the peak load
period from 12 pm 4 pm with figure of merit (FOM) of 0.85 or above, (i.e.,
0.25x4xX, where X is the plant production capacity after applying diversity). For
governmental buildings, the cool storage capacity shall be able to provide at least

50% of the total plant production capacity for the same period. The consulting office
shall provide a daily building load profile that forms the basis for his design strategy.

All air conditioned spaces shall have a minimum quantity of ventilation air that is
the highest of the following values:
1. ASHRAE 62.1 Standard (Ventilation for Acceptable Indoor Air Quality)
2. 0.250 ACH for pressurization + exhaust air from kitchens, toilets and
other areas.

You might also like