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I. I NTRODUCTION
WCDMA is the most adopted air interface technology of the
third generation (3G) telecommunication networks. Since the
introduction of WCDMA in 1999, there has been a growing
interest of using a packet switched technology, e.g. Voice
over IP (VoIP), to transmit voice instead of using traditional
circuit switched Dedicated Channel (DCH) of WCDMA. The
high theoretical capacity due to high bandwidth efficiency
makes VoIP a tempting option to traditional circuit switched
techniques.
VoIP can be used with High Speed Downlink Packet Access
(HSDPA) technique, which was included in the 3rd Generation
Partnership Project (3GPP) Release 5 of the WCDMA specification. Fully packet switched HSDPA increased the spectral efficiency of the WCDMA downlink by using advanced
features e.g. dynamic packet scheduling, Hybrid Automatic
Repeat reQuest (HARQ) and Adaptive Modulation and Coding
(AMC). Unlike DCH, HSDPAs user data channel, High-Speed
Downlink Shared Channel (HS-DSCH), does not support soft
handover (SHO), in which the user entity (UE) is connected to
This full text paper was peer reviewed at the direction of IEEE Communications Society subject matter experts for publication in the WCNC 2009 proceedings.
Fig. 1.
(1)
This full text paper was peer reviewed at the direction of IEEE Communications Society subject matter experts for publication in the WCNC 2009 proceedings.
Fig. 2.
Parameter
Simulation time
No of users
Call arrival rate
[calls/s/user]
Slow fading distribution
Slow fading spatial
correlation
Building dimensions
Street width
Channel profile
Path powers [dB]
Path delays [chips]
UE velocity
Node B antenna type
Max Node B Tx power
Pilot power
HS-DSCH power
HS-SCCH power
Ec /I0 filter length
Time-to-trigger
HSDPA handover delay
SRB period length
SRB transport block size
Max no of sent
SRBs per SRB period
addW indow
addT imer
Max. active set size
HSDPA HO threshold
Guard period
Macro
1500
Manhattan
360 s
2500
0.005
log-normal, std 8 dB
50 m
5m
VehA
200(l)x200(w)x100(h) m
25 m
PedA
VehA: [-3.1, -5.0, -10.4,
-13.4, -13.9, -20.4]
PedA: [-0.2, -13.0]
VehA: [0, 1, 3, 4, 7, 10]
PedA: [0, 1]
30 km/h
3-sector
Omni
20 W
15 W
2W
[8,7,6,5] W
8W
Power controlled, max 2W
500 ms
[200, 400] ms
100 ms
[0, 100] ms
200 ms
100 ms
325 bits
3
1.5 dB
100 ms
3
2.0 dB
500 ms
Fig. 3.
Manhattan scenario.
This full text paper was peer reviewed at the direction of IEEE Communications Society subject matter experts for publication in the WCNC 2009 proceedings.
TABLE II
SRB ERROR RATE RESULTS , MACRO SCENARIO .
HS-DSCH power
8W
7W
6W
5W
TABLE III
SRB ERROR RATE RESULTS , MANHATTAN SCENARIO .
Ec /I0 filter length
200 ms
200 ms
400 ms
400 ms
TTT
0 ms
100 ms
0 ms
100 ms
Fig. 4.
Residual error rate of power controlled HS-SCCH with 2 W
max power, different number of re-transmissions (n) and different intertransmission intervals.
Fig. 5. Residual error rate of HS-SCCH with static 2.5 W power, different
number of re-transmissions (n) and different inter-transmission intervals.
This full text paper was peer reviewed at the direction of IEEE Communications Society subject matter experts for publication in the WCNC 2009 proceedings.
VI. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
The authors would like to thank colleagues from Nokia and
Nokia Siemens Networks for their comments and support with
the simulator.
R EFERENCES
[1] Qualcomm, HS-DSCH serving cell change performance in urban canyon
environments, 3GPP TSG-RAN WG2 #60-bis contribution R2-080371,
January 2008.
[2] S. Wager and K. Sandlund, Performance evaluation of HSDPA mobility
for Voice over IP, in Proceedings of the 65th IEEE Vehicular Technology
Conference (VTC2007-Spring), Dublin, Ireland, April 2007.
anen, K. Aho, and T. Ristaniemi, Performance of
[3] P. Lunden, J. Aij
VoIP over HSDPA in mobility scenarios, in Proceedings of the 67th
IEEE Vehicular Technology Conference (VTC2008-Spring), Singapore,
May 2008.
[4] S. Hamalainen, H. Holma, and K. Sipila, Advanced WCDMA radio
network simulator, in Proceedings of the 10th International Symposium
on Personal, Indoor and Mobile Radio Communications (PIMRC), Osaka,
Japan, September 1999, pp. 951955.
[5] S. Hamalainen, WCDMA radio network performance, Ph.D. dissertation, University of Jyvaskyla, 2003.
[6] J. Kurjenniemi, A study of TD-CDMA and WCDMA radio network
enhancements, Ph.D. dissertation, University of Jyvaskyla, 2005.
[7] T. Nihtila, Performance of advanced transmission and reception algorithms for high speed downlink packet access, Ph.D. dissertation,
University of Jyvaskyla, 2008.
[8] 3GPP, Selection procedures for the choice of radio transmission technologies of the UMTS, 3GPP Technical Report TR 30.03U (V3.2.0),
March 1998.
[9] Qualcomm, Improving reliability of HS-PDSCH serving cell change procedure, 3GPP TSG-RAN WG1 #52 contribution R1-080815, February
2008.