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Q1: Define hardware and software.

Then, with your own words, describe the differences


between hardware and software
Software
Software is a set of instructions that instruct the hardware to operate. There are two types of
software which is system software and application software. All these type of software help in
other functions such as performing computation, communication with other software and
human interaction
Hardware
The computer hardware consists of four major elements that will help the computer to
operate. They are input devices, processor, output devices and storage devices. The input
device will insert the raw data into the processor which the data will be processe by the
processor. Later on the data will be transfer into the output device to display the end result or
may be will be transfer to storage device for later usage.

Software
A system to instruct the hardware
Consists of two types: System software and
application software

Hardware
Devices to operate the computer
Consists of four devices: Input devices,
processor, output devices and storage devices

Q2: With your understanding describe what are hard disk, mouse and monitor
Hard disk (storage device)
Hard disk is a mass storage which is used to store the data. Also known as secondary storage
for a computer which all the programmes and data are stored as long as we used the computer.
The size usually larger, speed usually faster and permanence usually fixed in the PC and not
removable.
Mouse (input device)
A ball underneath rolls as the mouse moves across the mouse pad. The cursor on the screen
follows the motion of the mouse. Buttons on the mouse can be clicked or double-clicked to
perform tasks, e.g. to select an icon on the screen or to open the selected document.
Monitor (output device)
A monitor is the screen on which words, numbers, and graphics can be seen. The monitor is
the most common output device.

Q3: Online (cloud) storage is widely use by people all over the world. From your
opinion, does this service beneficial or not? Why do you feel that way.
For me, the online (cloud) storage is very beneficial because by having this type of storage,
we can excess our documents that have been stored in the cloud storage everywhere as long as
there is internet. Cloud storage also provide a large space s to store the data. By having the
cloud storage, the transferring of file also can be done faster or in other words, sharing
documents can be done easily.

Q4: Define and give at least five (5) examples for input devices
Keyboard
One of the important input devices used on a computer is a PC's keyboard which looks very
similar to the keyboards of electric typewriters, with some additional keys. Keybord will helps
in key in all the instruction from the user to be process by the processor.
Barcode readers and scanners
A barcode reader or scanner is a hardware device capable of reading a barcode and printing
out the details of the product or logging that product into a database. A common example of a
barcode reader is a super market barcode scanner that reads and logs the price of a product.
Cursor motion controlled by vertical stick (joystick) or arrow buttons (gamepad)
A joystick is an input devices specially made for games because it gives a more natural
feeling control for motion in games such as flying or kicking somthing. Both have more
buttons for special functions than a mouse and can combine buttons for even more actions.
Trackball
Trackball is eactly like a mouse but instead of moving the whole mouse around, the user rolls
the trackball only, which is on the top or side to move the cursor around in the computer.
Glidepad
Uses a touch sensitive pad for controlling cursor especially for laptops. The user slides finger
across the pad and the cursor follows the finger movement. For clicking there arebuttons, or
you can tap on the pad with a finger.

Q5:There are two types of storage devices. Eplain briefly on the two types of storage
devices
Primary Storage
Primary storage is also known as main storage or main memory. It is the main area for data
storage in a computer where data can be accessed quickly by computers processor.The
capacity for primary storage is usually limited as it is driven by RAM.
Secondary Storage
Secondary storage extends the capacity of primary storage in holding data which are usually
limited. It refers to storage which are usually and conveniently portable, ranging from external
hard disks to cloud storage. The following describes storage devices like hard disks and
removable disks.
A computer stores data using several different methods. Therefore, there are different
levels of data storage, which may may be referred to as primary and secondary storage. A
computer's internal hard drive is often considered a primary storage device, while external
hard drives and other external media are considered secondary storage devices. However,
primary and secondary storage may also refer specifically to the components inside the
computer. In this case, primary storage typically refers to random access memory (RAM),
while secondary storage refers to the computer's internal hard drive.
RAM, commonly called "memory," is considered primary storage, since it stores data
that is directly accessible by the computer's CPU. RAM is a high-speed storage medium that
can be accessed with minimal delay. Because the RAM is connected directly to the CPU via
the memory bus, the CPU can access data stored in RAM very quickly. For this reason, RAM
is used to store data loaded by activeprograms and the operating system.
Hard drives are considered secondary storage since they are not connected directly to
the CPU. Instead, hard drives send and receive data through an I/O bus, which may pass
through a cache or other type of memory before getting to the CPU. Also, hard drives are not
as fast a RAM, which means they cannot transfer data as quickly. However, unlike RAM, hard
drives retain data when the computer is turned off. This is because hard drives store data
magnetically, while RAM requires an electrical current.
While the computer's primary internal hard drive is the most common
secondary storage device, other devices may be considered secondary storage devices as well.

These include additional internal hard drives, external hard drives, and optical drives, which
are used for CDs, DVDs, and other optical media.

Q6: Based on your reading, discuss the difference between the primary and secondary
storage.

Primary storage
Limited capacity
Store data temporarily
Expensive
Fast data excess
Directly accessible to the CPU

Secondary storage
Etendible capacity
Store data permanently
Cheaper
Slower data excess
Contents copied to main memory
before being accessed by CPU

Q7:Monitor is a crucial output device where without it, it is impossible for a computer to
operate. Since the first time it was invented until now. There are many transformation
had been done to the monitor. It change from Cathode Ray Tube (CRT) to Liquid
Crystal Display (LCD) then to plasma monitor. By using your knowledge, explain the
major differences between the three of them

Liquid Crystal Display


Plasma Monitor
(LCD)
Single Cathode Ray Tube scans Thin film transistor (TFT) are
Low power ultraviolet
the screen activating phosphor used to switch individual pixels radiation and pulse widt
atoms
on and off
modulation used to
stimulate colour
phosphors
Glass
Usually acrylic
Glass
Heavy
Under 30kg for 40
Around 30kg for 40
Very deep due to tube
Around 100mm deep
Around 100mm deep
Poor due to size & weight
Excellent
Excellent
Cathode Ray Tube (CRT)

Technology

Front Panel
Weight
Size
Installation
flexibility
Resolution

Not pixel technology relies on


faster scanning

Up to 1920x1080 (full HD) for


42 + screen sizes

Up to 1920x1080 (full
HD) for 50 + screen siz

Q8: Basically there are four (4) types of output. List them four together with the
examples that you can find in daily life.
1.
2.
3.
4.

Text- Word document


Graphic- picture
Audio- songs
Video- short movie

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