2.2.e. Chiller Vs VRF - Multi V III

VS.
CHILLER SYSTEM
MULTI V III vs CHILLER
Copyright 2012 @LG Electronics / AC Company All Rights Reserved
1. Design Comparison
Design
Design
Operation
Installation
System concept
Commissioning
Maintenance
Reliability
VRF is very simplified refrigerant piping system. More flexible than water piping.
Feature
System
composition
Chiller system
Cooling tower
Chiller
Water piping, Duct working
FCU (Fan Coil Unit)
AHU (Air Handling Unit) Water pumps
MULTI V III (VRF)

Outdoor unit (air-cooled type)
Indoor unit
Refrigerant piping
Chiller
Design
Design
Operation
Installation
Network design
Commissioning
Maintenance
Reliability
Easy network wiring

Feature
Chiller system
MULTI V III (VRF)
Network
Complicated wiring
Simple wiring
ACP
Design
Design
Operation
Total management
Installation
Commissioning
Maintenance
Reliability
(For VRF) Manufacturer provide all equipment

Feature
Chiller system
Control
system
Complicated control structure, additional

control manager in the system needed,
increasing cost
Third part control provider needed,
interconnectivity problems.
MULTI V III (VRF)

Simple control structure
No additional control provider
Central control and energy monitoring with
low cost available
VAV boxes
supplier
[Manufacturer]
2. Operation Comparison
Design
Operation
Operation
Installation
Individual operation
Commissioning
Maintenance
Reliability
After office hours operation, VRF could be operated for the user demands.
Feature
Capacity
control
Chiller system
MULTI V III (VRF)
The systems commonly condition the entire building

at predetermined times, with no regard to user demands.
(very hot midnight, weekend, holiday etc)
The systems condition only the

necessary rooms with regard
to user demands.
Operating Area
< Limited operation>

<Better Capacity operation>
2. Operation Comparison
Design
Operation
Operation
Temp. control
Installation
Commissioning
Maintenance
Reliability
Precise temperature control

Feature
Chiller system
MULTI V III (VRF)
Temperature
control
Require
1 or 2
Very precise
0.5
Cooling
MULTI V system
Chiller system
Room temp.
30
0.5 0 C from set point
25
20
15
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
MIN.
5
3. Installation Comparison
Design
Operation
Installation
Installation
Space (Duct working)

Commissioning
Maintenance
Reliability
VRF system doesnt need a duct space.

Feature
Space
Efficiency
MULTI V III (VRF)
Chiller system
Large duct space
Small refrigerant space
Design
Operation
Installation
Installation
Installation space
Commissioning
Maintenance
Reliability
VRF system is no need for a machine room.

Feature
Chiller system
Installation
space
Need a machine room
MULTI V III (VRF)

No need a machine room
Pump
(Machine room drawing)
(Rooftop drawing)
Chiller
Boiler
Outdoor
Unit
Cooling
tower
(On the rooftop)
(On the rooftop)
Design
Operation
Installation
Installation
Space (Pipe shaft)

Commissioning
Maintenance
Reliability
Efficient use of space is possible for VRF system

Feature
Chiller system
MULTI V III (VRF)
Space
Efficiency
Large pipe shaft is needed for water piping
Small pipe shaft is needed
CHILLER SYSTEM
VRF System
1/3
P
Design
Operation
Installation
Installation
System expansion
Commissioning
Maintenance
Reliability
VRF system expansion is very easy with extra outdoor & indoor unit.
Feature
System
Expansion
Chiller system
Capacity addition is difficult
as additional mechanical room, pump, cooling tower,
panel and piping is required.
MULTI V III (VRF)
System Expansion is Easy
4. Commissioning Comparison
Design
Operation
Installation
NO. of commissioning point

Commissioning
Commissioning
Maintenance
Reliability
There are a lot of commissioning points for the chiller system

Feature
Chiller system
6 Steps Commissioning
Commissioning
MULTI V Plus (VRF)

1 Step Commissioning
(4)
6 steps Commissioning
1 step Commissioning
Water cooled chiller (3)
10
5. Maintenance Comparison
Design
Operation
Maintenance list
Installation
Commissioning
Maintenance
Maintenance
Reliability
Maintenance costs for a Multi V is lower than chilled water systems.

Feature
Maintenance
Chiller system
Filter cleaning
Duct cleaning
Water pipe maintenance
Periodical oil change, overhaul
Pump
Water treatment
Cooling tower cleaning
MULTI V III (VRF)

Filter cleaning
Heat exchanger cleaning
Cycle check by notebook (LG MV)
(4)
Water cooled chiller (3)
11
Design
Operation
Installation
Water treatment
Commissioning
Maintenance
Maintenance
Reliability
(For Chiller Water treatment is required for clean water)

Feature
Water
treatment
Chiller system
MULTI V III (VRF)
Water treatment is required

(deficient service can cause legionary disease in the system)
No water treatment is needed
<Polluted Cooling Tower>

12
Design
Operation
Scale cleaning
Installation
Commissioning
Maintenance
Maintenance
Reliability
(For Chiller) Maintenance & cleaning periodically by exclusive company

Feature
Scale
cleaning
Chiller system
MULTI V III (VRF)
Need to clean the water pipes

System efficiency drop & origin of germs
No water pipes : No scale (use refrigerant)
Energy Loss
Unit : %
Unit : mm
thickness of scale
After 2~3year
After 5~6year
After 7~8year
10%
25~30%
35~40%
< The system is consist of refrigerant pipes >
13
Design
Operation
Installation
Maintenance Staff
Commissioning
Maintenance
Maintenance
Reliability
(For Chiller) Certified maintenance staff is needed

Feature
Chiller system
MULTI V III (VRF)
Maintenance
Staff
The system requires certified maintenance

staff not only for chillers but also pumps,
boilers, cooling towers etc.
More expensive maintenance cost.
No need special maintenance staff.

Economic and easy maintenance
< Maintenance Staff>
<NO Maintenance Staff>

14
6. Reliability Comparison
Design
Operation
Installation
Pipe Erosion
Commissioning
Maintenance
Reliability
Reliability
(For Chiller) Certified maintenance staff is needed

Feature
Pipe
Erosion
Chiller system
Pipe erosion can cause leakage.
System capacity reduction.
Brines use increase corrosion, anti corrosion
additives needed
MULTI V III (VRF)

Refrigerant does not cause corrosion therefore
no pipe damage occurred
< Water pipe leakage >
<Cooper Pipe>
15
7. Economic analysis
Initial
Initial Cost
Cost
MULTI V vs Chiller
Running Cost
Maintenance Cost
Total cost
Equipments & Installation cost

Type of Building: Shopping Mall
Total area 9,000 m2 : 6 storey Building :1,500 m2/floor
Actual cooling area : 1,500 m2 * 80 % * 6 Floor = 7,200 m2
Cooling Load (Tr) / m2 : 700 Tr *12000 Btu/Hr = 1,166 Btu/m2
Equipment : Water cooled chiller /Multi V unit
- Water Cooled Chiller :Trane Water cooled chiller
350 Tr x 2 set =700 Tr + 300 Back up
Pumps =400 Tr x 2 set
AHU = 8000 CFM x 36 set
Cooling Tower =1200 Gpm x 3 +3 Back up
- VRF System :LG Multi V Plus II
48 Hp x 19 set=912 Hp 726 Tr
Air conditioning time : Operation
- 13 hour a day (09:00 ~ 22:00)
- 30 days a month
- average load by month
Category
Water
Cooled C
hiller
VRV
April 2008
Cooling Only
Air Duct Included
Product
Initial Cost
(USD)
Chiller Price
355,484
AHU / Cooling T
ower / Pump, Pr
ice
148,065
Installation
383,871
Multi V
874,498
Installation
235,161
Initial Cost
(USD)Total
877,097
1,109,660
16
Initial Cost
MULTI V vs Chiller
Running
Running Cost
Cost
Maintenance Cost
Total cost
Electrical cost
Multi V running cost is 65 % compare to chiller
Category
Product
Running
Cost
(USD)Tota
l
Chiller Price
Water
Cooled C
hiller
AHU / Coolin
g Tower / Pu
mp, Price
$400k
Chiller
Chiller
Multi V
$300k
Multi V
$200k
308,697
Running cost
Savings up to
15th yr : 35%
$100k
14
th
12
th
10
th
8t
h
6t
h
4t
h
200,158
2n
d
Price
ye
Multi V
ar
$0k
Based on KW data chiller/Multi V

Based on, Thailand electrical standard
ARI-Air conditioning & Refrigeration Institute
17
Initial Cost
MULTI V vs Chiller
Running Cost
Maintenance
Maintenance Cost
Cost
Total cost
Maintenance cost
Multi V maintenance cost is 24 % compare to chiller
Chiller Price
Multi V
$200k
32,177
Price
11,468
Maintenance
Cost savings
Up to 15th yr
: 66%
$100k
12
th
10
th
8t
h
6t
h
$0k
14
th
AHU / Cooling
Tower / Pump,
Price
Multi V
Multi V
$300k
4t
h
Water
Cooled C
hiller
Chiller
2n
d
Price
Chiller
$400k
ye
ar
Category
Maintenance
Cost
(USD)Total
Maintenance breakdown
Chiller system -31 USD / Rt / yr.- 6 times/yr
Multi V- 48 USD / Indoor / yr.- 6 times/yr
- 145 USD / Outdoor / yr.- 6 times/yr
18
Initial Cost
Running Cost
Category
Chiller system
VRF system
Initial cost
(USD)
877,097
927,057
Running cost
(USD)
308,698
200,158
32,177
11,468
Total cost
(USD)
1,217,972
1,138,683
BEP
1.7 years
Economic Maintenace cost

Analysis
(USD)
Maintenance Cost
Total
Total cost
cost
Remarks
Shopping
mall
6F,
9,000
19
8. LCC
LCC (Life Cycle Cost for 15 years) : Chiller 5.99 M$ > Multi V 4.27 M$ (71%)
BEP (Break Even Point)
: 1.7 Years
BEP
LCC (15 years)
+70K$
Cost savings
: 29%
$7000k
Chiller
$6000k
Multi V
+40K$
$5000k
BEP :
1.7 Years
$4000k
$3000k
+10K$
$2000k
$1000k
BEP :
1.7 Years
1 5th
1 4th
1 3th
1 2th
1 1th
1 0th
9th
8th
7th
6th
5th
4th
3rd
2 nd
1s t
y ear
$0k
- 20K$
1st year
2nd year
3rd year
4th year
20
8. LCC
Initial Cost (1st year)
LCC (15 years)
( K US$ )
1,228
5,992
7%
Electrical Fee
308
1,321
200
35%
Electrical Fee
77%
11
Maintenance
Product &
Installation
4,274
73%
32
1,109
877
Maintenance
Product &
Installation
Chiller
Multi V
8%
15%
Chiller
4%
23%
Multi V
21
App. Cost estimation

Type of building : Shopping mall
Water cooled Chiller :350 TR x 2 set=700 Tr + 300Tr (back up)
VRF system:48 Hp x 19 set = 912 Hp (726TR)
Commercial Building : (Shopping Mall - 9,000 Total Area) - 6 storey building:1500 per floor
Actual cooling area : 1,500 * 80% * 6F = 7,200
Cooling load(TR) / : 700TR * 12,000Btu/h/TR 7,200 = 1167 Btu/
Water Cooled
Chiller
(Screw
type)
VRF
Classification
Chiller (screw type)
back up chiller (screw type)
Cooling tower (open type)
back up cooling tower (open type)
Product
Pump (Condenser) + 1 back up
Pump (Evaporator) + 1 back up
AHU
Sub total
Pipe & Insulation
Valve & Acc.
Installation
Power & Control
Duct working
Sub total
Total (Product + Installation)
Outdoor unit
Indoor unit
ceiling duct
Wired remote controller
Centrol controller (ACP)
Product
Centrol control software (AC Manager)
Y branch
ODU joint
Sub total
Capacity
350 RT
300 RT
400 RT
400 RT
1200 GPM
840 GPM
8,000 CFM
48 Hp
10 Hp
Price
EA
3,960,000 2
3,100,000 1
500,000 2
500,000 1
100,000 3
90,000 3
70,000 36
957,000
91,355
2,915
81,125
141,570
1,650
3,300
19
90
90
1
1
57
38
Sub total (THB)

7,920,000
3,100,000
1,000,000
500,000
300,000
270,000
2,520,000
15,610,000
9,000,000
2,900,000
11,900,000
27,510,000
18,183,000
8,221,950
262,350
81,125
141,570
94,050
125,400
27,109,445
57%
33%
11%
43%
100%
79%
Sub total (USD)

255,484
100,000
32,258
16,129
9,677
8,710
81,290
503,548
290,323
93,548
383,871
887,419
586,548
265,224
8,463
2,617
4,567
3,034
4,045
874,498
Outdoor unit
Installation
Indoor unit
ceiling duct
piping & electrical work
duct work
Sub total
Total (Product + Installation)
I lot
45,000
90
4,050,000
36,000
90
3,240,000
7,290,000
34,399,445
130,645
21%
100%
104,516
235,161
1,109,660
22
App. Actual running cost

Energy
consumption
/ unit
Category
Total
energy
consumption
EA
(kW)
Water
Cooled
Chiller
(Screw
type)
VRF
Chiller-350 Tr
Cooling tower-1260 GPM
Pump-50 Hp
AHU-10 tr
Total
Outdoor Unit
48 HP-R410a
Indoor Unit
10 HP CCD
Total
operating time / day (hours)
2
2
542
29.84
55.2
2.35
6
48
42
0.8
19
90
331.2
112.8
1015.84
798
72
870.0
30
Cooling load portion IPLV
100%
Load
VRF
kW
1%
100%
542
100%
75% cooling load
42%
75%
179.2
33%
50% cooling load
45%
50%
83.9
15%
25% cooling load
12%
25%
47.2
9%
Chiller system
113.1
3,393.0
Operation
hours
0.1
5.5
3,325.1
99,754.2
5.9
1,679.5
1.6
13.0
kWh / month
100%
870
50%
25%
179 84
474 474
653 558
47
474
521
75%
50%
609 287
25%
165
kWh / day
Used by Schedule 4.2.2 condition

electrical charge in Thailand
THB / month
USD
VRF
Chiller
517,076
797,469
16,680
25,725
Gap
280,393
9,045
kWh / month
132.06
3,961.78
5.5
3,565.60
106,967.95
VRF
50,386.1
5.9
3,262.78
97,883.37
Chiller
257.9
7,736.0
1.6
812.82
24,384.67
5,375.6
161,269.3
13.0
7,773.3
233,197.8
75%
portion
100% cooling load
kWh / day
100%
Power consumption
Load
VRF (MULTI V system)

Operation
hours
0.1
Load
Chillier
542
Others
474
Total
1016
VRF system
Chiller
13
operating day / month
Chiller system
Power consumption under partial load
(kW)
271
14.9
operating cost 1
year
200,158
308,698
23
App. Maintenance cost
Category
Capacity
Maintenance cost
Cost
Chiller
(Screw
type)
Maintenance
cost / year
EA
Unit
Chiller (Screw type)
350 RT
105,000
Baht/unit
210,000
Cooling tower
400 RT
60,000
Baht/unit
120,000
Pump
1200 GPM
15,600
Baht/unit
93,600
AHU
15 RT
2,000
Baht/unit
70
140,000
Control engineer
2 persons
20,000
Baht/unit
12
240,000
Total
803,600
Indoor unit
VRF
840 Hp
Outdoor unit
3,000
Baht/unit
4,500
Total
Chiller
VRF
90
270,000
19
85,500
355,500
950 THB / RT, year

1500 THB / indoor unit, year
4500 THB / ODU module, yea
Total
A note
THB
997,500
270,000
85,500
355,500
USD
32,177 6
6
6
11,468
Remarks
times / year
times / year
times / year
24
App. Energy efficiency (IPLV)

ARI Released The New Standard in 2003
Available through
the ARI web site:
WWW.ARI.ORG
Portion by cooling load (%)

kW / kW (ARI Part load weighting factors)
IPLV
OR =
APLV
0.01 + 0.42 + 0.45 + 0.12

A
B
C
D
ARI550/590-2003
WEIGHTED (%)
Cooling Load
1%
42%
45%
12%
100%
75%
50%
25%
25

2.2.e. Chiller Vs VRF - Multi V III

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2.2.e. Chiller Vs VRF - Multi V III

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VS.

MULTI V III vs CHILLER

Copyright 2012 @LG Electronics / AC Company All Rights Reserved

MULTI V III (VRF)

MULTI V III vs CHILLER

Copyright 2012 @LG Electronics / AC Company All Rights Reserved

Easy network wiring

MULTI V III (VRF)

MULTI V III vs CHILLER

Copyright 2012 @LG Electronics / AC Company All Rights Reserved

(For VRF) Manufacturer provide all equipment

Complicated control structure, additional

MULTI V III (VRF)

Copyright 2012 @LG Electronics / AC Company All Rights Reserved

MULTI V III (VRF)

The systems commonly condition the entire building

The systems condition only the

< Limited operation>

<Better Capacity operation>

Copyright 2012 @LG Electronics / AC Company All Rights Reserved

Precise temperature control

MULTI V III (VRF)

Copyright 2012 @LG Electronics / AC Company All Rights Reserved

Space (Duct working)

VRF system doesnt need a duct space.

MULTI V III vs CHILLER

MULTI V III (VRF)

Small refrigerant space

Copyright 2012 @LG Electronics / AC Company All Rights Reserved

VRF system is no need for a machine room.

Need a machine room

MULTI V III (VRF)

MULTI V III vs CHILLER

(On the rooftop)

Copyright 2012 @LG Electronics / AC Company All Rights Reserved

Space (Pipe shaft)

Efficient use of space is possible for VRF system

MULTI V III (VRF)

Large pipe shaft is needed for water piping

Small pipe shaft is needed

Copyright 2012 @LG Electronics / AC Company All Rights Reserved

MULTI V III (VRF)

System Expansion is Easy

MULTI V III vs CHILLER

Copyright 2012 @LG Electronics / AC Company All Rights Reserved

NO. of commissioning point

There are a lot of commissioning points for the chiller system

MULTI V Plus (VRF)

Water cooled chiller (3)

MULTI V III vs CHILLER

Copyright 2012 @LG Electronics / AC Company All Rights Reserved

Maintenance costs for a Multi V is lower than chilled water systems.

MULTI V III (VRF)

Water cooled chiller (3)

MULTI V III vs CHILLER

Copyright 2012 @LG Electronics / AC Company All Rights Reserved

(For Chiller Water treatment is required for clean water)

MULTI V III (VRF)

Water treatment is required

No water treatment is needed

<Polluted Cooling Tower>

Copyright 2012 @LG Electronics / AC Company All Rights Reserved

(For Chiller) Maintenance & cleaning periodically by exclusive company