Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Geographical Processes
Associated with Urban Growth
Suburbanisation and Urban Sprawl
Urban Consolidation
De-centralisation
Associated with Urban Decline
Urban Decay
Urban renewal
Gentrification
Geographical Processes
associated with Urban
Growth
e.g. in Sydney
Suburbanisation
Refers to outward growth of large cities from a central location (CBD)
and the formation of SUBURBS often with their own suburban
business district (SBD)
Associated with spread of residential land
Most suburbs have some industrial land, community facilities like
schools, churches and hospitals, and recreational landuse like parks
and sports fields
Was slower before the widespread use of the car in the 1960s.
Early suburbs followed the railway lines.
Since then:
population growth from natural increase,
rural-urban migration or immigration
a desire for a home on a quarter acre block
dependence on the car
Governments (State and local) of cities like Sydney have now
introduced Plans to control this growth.
Hornsby Plateau
Blue Mountains
Central Business
District (CBD)
Cumberland Plain
Woronora Plateau
Qu. In which direction has
Sydney been able to grow
most rapidly? Why?
Urban Sprawl
Refers to the uncontrolled growth of suburbs on
the city edge (rural urban fringe)
Creates problems of:
infrastructure provision like roads, water,
electricity and waste management, as well as
social services like schools, hospitals and
recreation facilities
traffic congestion, long journeys to work,
pollution (mainly from cars), isolated
communities with lack of services on the city
edge, and destruction of farmland and natural
ecosystems
Urban sprawl
What is the message of this cartoon?
New development
area planned
Urban Consolidation
Introduced by the NSW State Government in
the1990s to increase population densities in
areas of Sydney where people live already
Areas selected include for this process are:
Central Business District (CBD),
Established residential suburbs of the middle
part of the city
Old factory/port sites in the inner city which are
lying idle
Killara Sydney
Describe the
typical suburban
scene on the left.
Urban Consolidation in
the Northern Suburbs
Established Residential
Area
Townhouses in Killara.
Duplex-style units. How do they
Suggest why these are popular types differ from town houses?
of residential development in areas of
urban consolidation.
What are dual occupancies
and granny flats?
Hornsby
Advantages of urban
consolidation
Reduces urban sprawl
Uses infrastructure
already existing (roads,
sewage lines, electricity,
water supplies)
Gives people more
choice of housing
(families are getting
smaller and the
population is ageing)
Residents are closer to
jobs and all city amenities
Travel time to work is
reduced.
Disadvantages of
urban consolidation
Much infrastructure in
inner city areas is old and
already overused!
Traffic congestion
increases
Traditional character of
suburbs changes with
high rise development
Loss of privacy and
overshadowing in former
low density suburbs
Small areas of remaining
bushland in existing
suburbs are threatened
Decentralisation
Some answers
Why have coastal areas
grown?
Major cities :
are getting too big
are too expensive to live in
(housing/ rents are high)
create long, journeys to work
have high levels of traffic
congestion, pollution and crime
Coastal areas
Offer cheaper, more attractive
lifestyles ( a Sea change!
Decentralisation is being
encouraged
Issues of development
on coasts
(Think of your study completed at
Collaroy last year)
Coasts are fragile ecosystems
which are easily damaged by
humans
Beaches and dune systems
are unstable and urban
development is under threat in
storms
Coastal amenity is lost with too
much development
Some answers
Why have these two regional centres grown?
Mudgee
Has always been a
prosperous farming
area in the sheepwheat belt of NSW
Has grown recently
as a wine producing
region many former
city residents going to
the country for a
Tree change!
Dubbo
Has become an
important regional
centre for the Central
West region
Growth recently has
been as a major
warehousing and
distribution centre.
Western Plains Zoo
has also opened up.
Urban Decline
Has occurred in:
a. Large cities like Sydney and Melbourne
b. Small regional towns in Australia
Urban Renewal
Introduced to restore the built environment and
the quality of life of people in former areas of
urban decline/decay
Structures in old factory sites and port areas, old
warehouses and power stations have either
been pulled down and replaced with new
buildings and facilities - a process known as
redevelopment
OR refurbished - a process known as
gentrification
New residents have moved in
Old warehouse at
Woolloomooloo
What has it been converted
into?
What would be the advantage of
living here?
Before
After
Rhodes Pennsula
Before
After
Gentrification
a form of urban renewal
Takes place on older buildings regarded as part
of the cultural heritage of an area. Residents
wish to preserve them
Front of buildings usually kept as it was, but
other parts usually restored to modern standards
Value of gentrified buildings now much higher
than before and so old residents are usually
forced to leave the area
Newer, more affluent residents move in
Old Sydney
terraces in
Woolloomooloo
.
Why did this part of
Sydney become an
area of urban decay?
Why would it have
been a suitable
location for urban
renewal?