Chng I

BAI TAP VA CAU HOI TRAC NGHIEM

A. BAI TAP
1. Mot tu ien co hang so ien moi 6 c mac vao
mot hieu ien the xoay chieu U U o cost vi U0 = 300V, chu
ky T = 0,01s. Tm gia tr cua mat o dong ien dch, biet
rang hai ban tu cach nhau 0,4 cm.

j d 2,5 sin 200t mA m 2

S:
2. ien trng trong mot tu ien phang bien oi theo quy
luat E E 0 sin t vi E0 = 200 V/cm va tan so f = 50 Hz, khoang
cach gia hai ban d = 2 cm, ien dung cua tu ien C = 2000
pF. Tm gia tr cc ai cua dong ien dch.
J d max 2,5.10 4 mA
S:
3. Xac nh mat o dong ien dch trong mot tu ien
phang khi hai ban c dch chuyen song song vi nhau va xa
nhau vi van toc tng oi u, neu :
a) ien tch tren moi ban khong oi.
b) Hieu the U tren hai ban khong oi.
Khoang cach d gia hai ban trong khi dch chuyen rat
nho so vi kch thc cua hai ban.
S: a)
jd = 0
U
jd o 2 u
b)
d
4. Mot mach dao ong gom mot tu ien co ien dung
C 0,025
F va mot ong day co he so t cam L = 1,015H.
ien tr thuan cua mach bo qua. Tu ien c tch mot ien
lng q 2,5.106 C .
a) Viet cac phng trnh (vi cac he so bang so)
bieu dien s bien thien cua hieu ien the tren cac ban tu
ien va cng o dong ien trong mach theo thi gian.
b) Tm cac gia tr cua hieu the gia cac ban tu va
cng o dong ien trong mach vao cac thi iem T/8; T/4;
va T/2.
S: a)
i =15,7 sin(2.103t) mA.
b)
u1 = 70,7 V va i1 = 11,1 mA.
u2 = 0 va i2 = 15,7 mA.
u3 = 100 V va i3 = 0 .
5. oi vi mach ien trong bai toan tren :
a) Viet cac phng trnh (vi cac he so bang so)
bieu dien s bien thien theo t cua nang lng ien trng,
nang lng t trng va nang lng toan phan.
b) Tm cac gia tr cua nang lng ien trng, nang
lng t trng va nang lng toan phan tai cac thi iem
T/8; T/4 va T/2.
S:

a)

1
W Cu 2 12,5.10 5. cos 2 2 .10 3 t J
2

1
Wt Li 2 12,5.10 5.sin 2 2 .103 t J
2

Wo W Wt 12,5.10 5 J

b)

W1 6,25.10 J; Wt1 6,25.10 J; W16,25.10 J.

5
5
W 0; Wt 12,5.10 J; W2 12,5.10 J.
5

W3 12,5.10 J ; Wt3 0; W3 12,5.10 J .

5

6. Cho mot mach ien LC. Cho biet phng trnh bieu dien s
bien thien theo t cua hieu the tren cac ban tu ien co
dang U 50cos104tV , ien dung C cua tu bang 0,1F. Tm :
a) Chu ky dao ong T cua mach.
b) He so t cam cua mach.
c) nh luat bien thien cua cng o dong ien
trong mach.
d) Bc song tng ng vi mach dao ong o.
S: a) T = 2.104 (s)
b) L = 10,15 (mH)
c) i = 157sin 104t (mA)
d) = 6. 104 (m)
7. Phng trnh bieu dien s bien thien theo thi gian cua
cng o dong ien trong mach dao ong c cho di
dang i 0,02sin400t(A ) , he so t cam L cua mach bang
1H. Tm :
a) Chu ky dao ong.
b) ien dung C cua mach.
c) Hieu the cc ai tren cac ban tu ien.
d) Nang lng t trng cc ai.
e) Nang lng ien trng cc ai.
S: a) T = 5.103 (s)
b) C = 0,6 (F)
c) Uo = 125,2 V
d) Wtmax = 1,97. 104 (J)
e) Wmax = 1,97. 104 (J)

B. CAU HOI TRAC NGHIEM:

1. Chon cau phat bieu ung. Mot dong ien mot chieu
khong oi chay qua trong mot day kim loai thang. Xung quanh
day dan:
A. co ien trng
B. co t trng
C. co ien t trng
D. khong co trng
nao ca.
2. Chon cau phat bieu sai?
A.
ien trng va t trng eu tac dung lc
len ien tch ng yen.
B.
ien trng va t trng eu tac dung lc
len ien tch chuyen ong.
C.
ien t trng tac dung lc len ien tch
ng yen.
D.
ien t trng tac dung lc len ien tch
chuyen ong.
3. Chon cau phat bieu sai. Xung quanh mot ien tch dao
ong:
A. co ien trng
B.
co
t
trng
C. co ien t trng
D. khong co
trng nao ca.
4. Khi phan tch th nghiem ve hien tng cam ng ien
t, ta phat hien ra:
A. ien trng
B. t trng
C. ien t trng
D. ien trng xoay
5. Hien tng nao di ay giup ta khang nh ket luan
Xung quanh mot ien trng bien thien xuat hien mot
t trng. o la s xuat hien:
A. t trng cua dong ien thang.
B. t trng
cua dong ien tron.
C. t trng cua dong ien dan.
D.
t
trng cua dong ien dch.
6. ien t trng xuat hien trong vung khong gian nao
di ay?
A. xung quanh mot qua cau tch ien.
B. xung quanh mot he hai qua cau tch ien trai dau.
C. xung quanh mot ong day ien.
D. xung quanh mot tia la ien.
7. ien t trng xuat hien tai cho xay ra tia chp vao
luc nao?
A. Vao ung luc ta nhn thay tia chp.
B. Trc luc ta nhn thay tia chp mot khoang thi gian rat
ngan.
C. Sau luc ta nhn thay tia chp mot khoang thi gian rat
ngan.
D. ien t trng khong xuat hien tai cho co tia chp.
8. Thuyet ien t Maxwell e cap van e g?
A. Tng tac cua ien trng vi ien tch.
B. Tng tac cua t trng vi dong ien.

C. Tng tac cua ien t trng vi cac ien tch.

D. Moi quan he gia ien trng va t trng.
9. Chon cau sai?
A. ien trng gan lien vi ien tch
B. T trng gan lien vi dong ien
C. ien t trng gan lien vi ien tch va dong ien.
D. ien t trng xuat hien cho co ien trng hoac
t trng bien thien.
ap an :
1. B 2. A 3. D 4. D 5. D
6. D 7. B 8. D 9. C

Chng II

BAI TAP
1. Bien o va chu ky cua mot dao ong ieu hoa la 5cm
va 4s. Tm van toc va gia toc cc ai cua iem dao ong?
S: 7,85 cm/s va 12,3 cm/s2.
2. Mot chat iem dao ong ieu hoa vi T = 24s, pha ban
au bang 0. Hoi tai nhng thi iem nao (trong thi gian
mot chu ky au) ly o co gia tr tuyet oi bang 1/2 bien
o dao ong.
S: T/6; 2T/6; 4T/6; 5T/6.
3. Mot chat iem dao ong ieu hoa vi T = 2s, a = 50
mm. Tm van toc cua chat iem tai v tr cua ly o bang 1/2
bien o dao ong.
S: 13,6 cm/s.
4. Mot con lac lo xo m = 5g, dao ong ieu hoa vi o
di:

x 10cos 10t cm
2

Hoi:
a) Bien o, tan so goc, chu ky, tan so, pha ban au
cua dao ong.
b) Lc cc ai tac dung len con lac.
c) Nang lng cua con lac va he so an hoi cua
lo xo.
S: a) A = 10 cm, = 10 rad/s; = D2.
b) Fmax = 0,49 N.
c) W = 2,5.102 (J)
5. Tm chu ky dao ong cua mot khoi thuy ngan co khoi
lng m = 121g ng trong mot ong hnh ch U. Cho biet tiet
dien cua ong la S = 0,3cm2, khoi lng rieng cua thuy ngan
la 13,6g/ cm3 ; g = 980cm/s2. Coi ma sat la khong ang ke.
S:

T 2

m
0,76(s)
2s. .g

6. Hai iem cach nhau mot khoang y = 2m tren phng

truyen song phang. Bc song 1m. Tm hieu pha cua cac
dao ong hai iem o tai cung mot thi iem.
S: 4 rad.

7. Dao ong am, tan so 500Hz, bien o a = 0,25mm,

truyen trong khong kh vi bc song 70cm. Tm :
a) Van toc truyen song am.
b) Van toc dao ong cc ai cua cac phan t khong
kh.
S: a) 350 m/s.
b) 0,785 m/s.
8. Mot nguon song O dao ong vi phng trnh x sin2,5tcm
. Tm ly o dao ong cua mot iem M cach nguon mot
khoang y = 20m tai thi iem t = 1s. Biet van toc chuyen
ong u = 100m/s.
S: x = 0.
9. Tai thi iem t = T/3, mot iem nam cach nguon song
4cm co ly o dao ong bang mot na bien o. Tm chieu
dai bc song?
S: = 24 cm.
10.
Mot dao ong co chu ky 0,04s truyen vi van toc
u = 300m/s. Tm hieu pha gia hai chat iem ma khoang cach
t chung ti nguon bang 10m va 16m.
S: =
11.
Tm ly o dao ong cua mot iem nam cach
nguon song mot khoang y / 12tai thi iem t = T/6 biet
bien o dao ong a = 0,05m.
S: x = 4,3 cm.
12.
Mot oan song phang truyen vao mot moi
trng vi phng trnh :
x 4sin(2

S:

t )cm
6

Tm:
a) Van toc truyen song biet bc song bang 240cm.
b) Hieu pha ng vi hai v tr cua cung mot phan t
nhng hai thi iem cach nhau 1s.
c) Hieu pha cua 2 phan t cach nhau 210cm (ng vi
cung mot thi iem).
a) 40 cm/s.
b) /3
c) 7/4

13.

Mot oan song co phng trnh :

x = 0,05sin(1980t 6y)cm

Tm :
a) Tan so dao ong.
b) Van toc truyen song va bc song.
c) Van toc cc ai cua phan t dao ong.
S:

a)

990
Hz .

b) = 1,05 cm, u = 330 cm/s.

c) vmax = 99 cm/s.

14.
Hay xac nh v tr cua bung va nut cua song
ng trong hai trng hp sau ay:
a) S phan xa xay ra t moi trng co khoi lng
rieng nho hn.
b) S phan xa xay ra t moi trng co khoi lng
rieng ln hn.
Cho bc song chay la 12cm. Ve o th.
S: a) 3 cm, 9 cm, 15 cm, .
b) 0, 6cm, 12 cm, .
15.
Xac nh bc song cua dao ong, biet rang
khoang cach t bung th nhat en bung th t cua song
ung bang 15cm.
S: = 0,1 m.
16.
Am la co tan so v = 435 Hz. Tm bc song tng
ng. Biet rang am truyen trong khong kh vi van toc
340m/s.
S: = 0,78 m.
17.
Mot con di bay theo hng ti vuong goc vi mot
bc tng vi van toc 6m/s. Di phat ra mot tia sieu am co
tan so 4,5.104 Hz. Hoi di nhan c am phan xa co tan so
bao nhieu? Biet van toc am truyen trong khong kh la 340
m/s.
S: f = 4,46.104 Hz.
18.
Mot nguon am phat ra mot am co tan so 500 Hz
chay lai gan mot ngi quan sat vi van toc 200 km/h. Hoi
ngi quan sat nghe thay am co tan so bao nhieu? Cho biet
van toc am bang 340 m/s.
S: f = 610 Hz.
19.
Mot tau hoa chuyen ong vi van toc 60 km/h
va mot ngi quan sat ng yen. Khi i qua ngi quan sat,
tau keo mot hoi coi. Hoi :
a) Ngi quan sat co cam giac g ve am thanh khi
tau vut qua?
b) o bien thien (tnh ra phan tram) cua tan so am
so vi khi tau ng yen. Cho van toc truyen am trong khong
kh bang 340m/s.
S: a) am tram i.
b) 10%.

Chng III

BAI TAP

1. Chieu mot chum anh sang trang xien mot goc 45 o

len mot mang nc xa phong. Tm be day nho nhat cua
mang e nhng tia phan chieu co mau vang. Cho biet bc
song cua anh sang vang la 6.10 5cm. Chiet suat cua ban
la n = 1,33.
S: dmin = 1,31.105 (cm)

2. Mot chum anh sang trang c roi vuong goc vi

mot ban thuy tinh mong mat song song day e = 0,4m, chiet
suat n = 1,5. Hoi trong pham vi quang pho thay c cua
chum anh sang trang (bc song t 0,4m en 0,7m),
nhng chum tia phan chieu co bc song nao se c
tang cng?
S: = 0,48 m
3. Roi mot chum tia anh sang trang song song vao mot
ban mong (chiet suat la n = 1,33) goc ti i = 52 o. Hoi vi
be day cua ban bang bao nhieu th chum tia phan xa c
nhuom manh nhat bi anh sang vang (bc song =
0,6m).
2k 1 0,14 2k 1
S: d
vi k = 0, 1, 2
2
2
4 n sin i

4. e lam giam s mat mat anh sang do phan chieu

tren mot mat thuy tinh, ngi ta phu len thuy tinh mot lp
mong chat co chiet suat n' n n , trong o n la chiet suat
cua thuy tinh. Trong trng hp nay, bien o cua nhng dao
ong sang phan xa t hai mat cua lp mong se bang
nhau. Hoi be day nho nhat cua lp mong, bang bao nhieu
e kha nang phan xa cua thuy tinh theo hng phap tuyen
se bang khong oi vi anh sang bc song = 0,6m?
S: dmin = 0,12 m
5. Mot chum anh sang khuech tan n sac bc song
= 0,6m ap vao ban mong thuy tinh (chiet suat n = 1,5).
Xac nh be day cua ban neu khoang cach goc gia hai
cc ai lien tiep cua anh sang phan xa (quan sat di cac
goc lan can goc i = 45o, tnh t phap tuyen), bang i = 3o.
S: d= 15 m
6. Chieu mot chum tia sang song song ( = 0,6 m) len mot
mang xa phong (chiet suat bang 1,3) di goc ti 30 o. Hoi
be day nho nhat cua mang phai bang bao nhieu e chum
tia phan xa co:
Cng o sang cc tieu?
Cng o sang cc ai?
S: d = 0,25 m va d = 0,125 m
7. Tren mot vat knh bang thuy tinh (chiet suat n 1 = 1,5),
ngi ta at mot mang mong co chiet suat n 2 = 1,2. Hoi be
day nho nhat cua ban mong nay phai bang bao nhieu e
chum anh sang phan xa trong mien trung bnh = 0,55 m cua
quang pho thay c b yeu i nhieu nhat?
S: d= 0,115 m
8. Mot chum tia sang n sac bc song = 0,6 m c
roi vuong goc vi mot mat nem thuy tinh (chiet suat n =
1,5). Xac nh goc nghieng cua nem. Biet rang so van giao
thoa cha trong khoang l = 1cm la N = 11.
S: = 2.104 rad

9. Mot mang mong nc xa phong chiet suat la n = 1,33,

c at thang ng, v nc xa phong don xuong di
nen mang co dang hnh nem. Quan sat nhng van giao thoa
cua anh sang phan chieu mau xanh (bc song = 546),
ngi ta thay, khoang cach gia van bang 2cm. Xac nh:
a) Goc nghieng cua nem;
b) V tr cua 3 van toi au tien (coi van toi so 1 la van
nam giao tuyen cua hai mat nem).
Biet rang hng quan sat vuong goc vi mat nem.
S: a) = 0,52.104 rad
k
b) it =
vi k = 0, 1, 2.
2
10.
Mot chum tia sang co bc song = 0,55 m c
roi vuong goc vi mot mat nem thuy tinh (chiet suat n =
1,5). Ngi ta quan sat he thong van giao thoa cua chum tia
phan xa va thay rang khoang cach gia hai van toi lien
tiep bang i = 0,12mm.
Xac nh goc nghieng gia hai mat nem.
S: = 0,873.103 rad
11.
Chieu chum mot chum tia n sac (bc song =
0,5 m) vuong goc vi mat cua mot nem khong kh va quan
sat anh sang phan xa tren mat nem, ngi ta thay be
rong cua moi van bang 0,05cm.
a) Tm goc nghieng gia hai mat nem.
b) Neu chieu ong thi hai chum tia sang n sac (bc
song lan lt bang 1 = 0,5 m, 2 = 0,6 m) xuong mat nem th
he thong van tren mat nem co g thay oi? Xac nh v tr
tai o cac van toi cua hai he thong van trung nhau.
S: a) = 0,5.103 rad
b) c sau 0,3 cm van toi cua 2 he lai trung nhau.
12.
Xet mot he thong cho van tron Newton. Xac nh
be day cua lp khong kh o ta quan sat thay van sang
au tien biet rang anh sang ti co bc song = 0,6 m.
S: d = 0,15 m.
13.
Mot chum tia sang n sac bc song = 0,6 m
c roi vuong goc vi mot ban cho van tron Newton. Tm
be day cua lp khong kh tai v tr cua van toi th t cua
chum tia phan xa.
S: d = 1,2 m.
14.
Thau knh trong he thong Newton co ban knh cong
bang 15m. Chum anh sang n sac ti vuong goc vi he
thong, quan sat cac van giao thoa cua chum tia phan chieu.
Tm bc song cua anh sang ti, biet rang khoang cach
gia van toi th t va van toi th hai mi lam bang 9mm.
S: = 0,6 m
15.
Chieu mot chum tia sang n sac vuong goc vi
ban cho van tron Newton va quan sat anh sang phan xa.
Ban knh cua hai van toi lien tiep lan lt bang 4,00mm va

4,38mm ban knh cong cua thau knh bang 6,4m. Tm so th t

cua cac van toi tren va bc song cua anh sang ti.
S:
k = 5, k+1 = 6; = 0,5 m.
16.
Mot thau knh co mot mat phang mot mat loi,
vi mat cau co ban knh cong R = 12,5 m, c at tren mot
ban thuy tinh phang. nh cua mat cau khong tiep xuc
vi ban thuy tinh v co mot hat bui. Ngi ta o c cac
ng knh cua van tron ti Newton th 10 va th 15 trong
anh sang phan chieu lan lt bang D1 = 10 mm va D2 = 15
mm. Xac nh bc song cua anh sang dung trong th
nghiem.
S: = 0,5 m.
17.
Hai thau knh thuy tinh mong giong nhau, mot mat
phang mot mat cau loi, c at tiep xuc vi nhau cac
mat cau cua chung (hnh 3.1).

Hnh 3.1
Xac nh o tu (cng so) cua he thau knh tren, biet
rang neu quan sat van phan chieu vi anh sang bc
song = 0,6m th ng knh cua van tron sang Newton th
nam bang Dk = 1,5mm. Cho chiet suat cua thuy tinh n = 1,5.
S:

1
2,4 diop.
f

18.
Trong mot he thong cho van tron Newton, ngi ta
o ay mot chat long vao khe gia thau knh va ban thuy
tinh phang. Xac nh chiet suat cua chat long o, nau ta
quan sat van phan chieu va thay ban knh cua van toi th
3 bang 3,65mm. Cho ban knh cong cua thau knh R = 10m, bc
song cua anh sang ti = 0,589m; coi nh van toi tam (k
= 0) la van toi so khong.
S: n = 1,33.
19.
Mat cau cua mot thau knh mot mat phang, mot
mat loi c at tiep xuc vi mot ban thuy tinh phang.
Chiet suat cua thau knh va cua ban thuy tinh lan lt
bang n1 = 1,5 va n2 = 1,7. Ban knh cong cua mat cau cua
thau knh R = 100cm khoang khong gian gia thau knh va
ban phang cha ay mot chat co chiet suat n = 1,63.
Xac nh ban knh cua van toi newton th nam neu
quan sat van giao thoa bang anh sang phan xa cho bc
song cua anh sang = 0,5m.
S: r5 = 1,3mm.
20.
Tnh ban knh cua i cau Fresnel th k. Suy ra ban
knh cua bon i cau Fresnel au tien neu ban knh cua
mat song R = 1 m, khoang cach t tam song en iem quan

sat bang 2m bc song anh sang dung trong th nghiem =

5.107m.
S: 0,5mm; 0,71mm; 0,86mm; 1mm.
21.
Tnh ban knh cua 5 i cau Fresnel trong trng hp
song phang. Biet rang khoang cach t mat song en
iem quan sat la b = 1m, bc song anh sang dung trong th
nghiem = 5.107m.
S: r1= 0,71mm; r2 = 1mm; r3= 1,23mm; r4= 1,42mm; r5= 1,59mm.
22.
Mot nguon sang iem chieu anh sang n sac
bc song = 0,5m va mot lo tron ban knh r = 1,0mm.
Khoang cach t nguon sang ti lo tron R = 1m. Tm khoang
cach t lo tron ti iem e lo tron cha 3 i Fresnel.
S: b = 2m.
23.
Chieu anh sang n sac bc song = 0,5m vao
mot lo tron ban knh cha biet. Nguon sang iem at cach
lo tron 2m, sau lo tron 2m co at mot man quan sat. Hoi
ban knh cua lo tron phai bang bao nhieu e tam cua hnh
nhieu xa la toi nhat.
S: r = 1mm.
24.
Ngi ta at mot man quan sat cach mot nguon
sang iem (phat ra anh sang co bc song = 0,6m), mot
khoang x. Chnh gia khoang x co at mot man tron chan
sang, ng knh 1mm. Hoi x phai bang bao nhieu e M 0 tren
man quan sat co o sang gan giong nh luc cha at tren
man tron, biet rang iem M0 va nguon sang eu nam tren
truc cua man tron.
S: x = 1,67m.
25.
Mot man anh c at cach mot nguon sang
iem n sac ( = 0,5m) mot khoang 2m. Chnh gia khoang
ay co at mot lo tron ng knh 0,2cm. Hoi hnh nhieu xa
co tam sang hay toi?
S: co tam toi.
26.
Gia nguon sang iem va man quan sat ngi ta
at mot lo tron. Ban knh cua lo tron bang r va co the
thay oi c trong qua trnh th nghiem. Khoang cach gia lo
tron va nguon sang R = 100cm, gia lo tron va man quan
sat b = 125cm.
Xac nh bc song anh sang dung trong th nghiem neu
tam cua hnh nhieu xa co o sang cc ai khi ban knh cua
lo r1 = 1mm va co o sang cc ai tiep theo khi ban knh cua
lo r2 = 1,29mm.
S: = 0,6 m.
27.
Mot chum tia sang n sac song song bc song
= 0,589m chieu thang goc vi mot khe hep co be rong b =
2m. Hoi nhng cc tieu nhieu xa c quan sat di nhng
goc nhieu xa bang bao nhieu? (so vi phng ban au).
S: 1 = 17o8; 2 = 36o5; 3 = 62o.

28.
Chieu mot chum tia sang n sac song song vuong
goc vi mot khe hep. Bc song anh sang ti bang 1/6 be
rong cua khe. Hoi cc tieu nhieu xa th 3 c quan sat
di goc lech bang bao nhieu?
S: = 30o.
29.
Mot chum tia sang n sac song song ( = 5.105cm)
c roi thang goc vi mot khe hep b = 2.10 3m. Tnh be rong
cua anh cua khe tren mot man quan sat at cach khe mot
khoang d = 1m (be rong cua anh la khoang cach gia 2 cc
tieu au tien hai ben cc ai gia).
S: l = 5 cm.
30.
Tm goc nhieu xa ng vi cac cc tieu nhieu xa
au tien nam hai ben cc ai gia trong nhieu xa
Frauhofe qua mot khe hep (be rong b = 10m) biet rang chum
tia sang ap vao khe vi goc ti = 30o va bc song anh
sang = 0,5m.
S: = 33o&27o
31.
Chieu mot chum tia sang n sac song song (bc
song = 4358,34)vuong goc vi mot cach t truyen qua.
Tm goc lech ng vi vach quang pho th 3 biet rang tren
1mm cua cach t co 500 vach.
S: 3= 40o4930.
32.
Vach quang pho ng vi bc song = 0,5461m
trong quang pho bac mot cua hi thuy ngan c quan sat
vi goc = 19o8. Hoi so vach tren 1mm cua cach t.
S: n = 6000 vch/cm.
33.
Mot chum tia sang c roi vuong goc vi mot
cach t. Biet rang goc nhieu xa oi vi vach quang pho 1
= 0,65m trong quang pho bac hai 1 = 45o. Xac nh goc nhieu
xa ng vi vach quang pho = 0,5m trong quang pho bac ba.
S: 2= 55o40.
34.
Mot chum tia sang phat ra t mot ong phong
ien cha ay kh hydro ti ap vuong goc vi mot cach
t nhieu xa. Theo phng = 41o ngi ta quan sat thay co hai
vach 1 = 0,6153m va 2 = 0,4102m ng vi bac quang pho
be nhat trung nhau. Hay xac nh chu ky cua cach t.
S: d=5 m.
35.
Chieu mot chum tia sang trang song song vuong
goc vi mot cach t nhieu xa. Di mot goc nhieu xa 35 o
ngi ta quan sat thay hai vach cc ai ng vi cac bc
song 1 = 0,63m va 2 = 0,42m trung nhau. Xac nh chu ky
cua cach t biet rang bac cc ai toi a oi vi vach th
hai trong quang pho cua cach t bang 5.
S: d=2,2 m.
36.
Trong th nghiem o bc song anh sang, ngi ta
dung mot cach t phang truyen qua dai 5cm, anh sang ti
vuong goc vi mat cua cach t. oi vi anh sang natri (

= 0,589m) goc nhieu xa ng vi vach quang pho bac mot

bang 17o8.
oi vi anh sang n sac bc song can o, ngi ta
quan sat thay vach quang pho bac ba di goc nhieu xa
24o12.
a) Tm tong so khe tren cach t.
b) Xac nh bc song anh sang n sac can o.
S: a) N=25000 khe.
b) = 0,4099 m.
37.
Mot chum anh sang trang song song ti ap
vuong goc vi mat cua mot cach t phang truyen qua (co
50 vach/mm).
a) Xac nh cac goc lech ng vi cuoi quang pho
bac mot va au quang pho bac hai. Biet rang bc song
cua tia qua o va tia cc tm lan lt bang 0,760m va
0,400m.
b) Tnh hieu cac goc lech cua cuoi quang pho bac
hai va au quang pho bac ba.
S: a) 1= 2o11.
2= 2o18.
b) = -56.
38.
Cho mot cach t co chu ky 2m.
a) Hay xac nh so vach cc ai chnh toi a cho bi
cach t neu anh sang dung trong th nghiem va anh sang
vang cua ngon la natri ( = 5890).
b) Tm bc song cc ai ma ta co the quan sat c
trong quang pho cho bi cach t o.
S: a) Nmax=7.
b) max = 2 m.
39.
Mot chum tia sang n sac ti vuong goc vi
mot cach t co chu ky 2,2m. Hay xac nh bc song cua
anh sang ti neu goc gia cac vach cc ai cua quang pho
bac mot va bac hai bang 15o.
S: = 0,54 m.

Chng IV

CU HI TRC NGHIM
1. Van toc cua mot ong ho oi vi quan sat vien ng
yen phai bang bao nhieu e mot ngi cung chuyen ong
vi ong ho thay toc o chay cua no ch con mot na
(cho c = 300.000 km/s):
A. 259.800 (km/s)B. 175.000 (km/s)C. 150.000 (km/s)D. 200.000
(km/s)
2. Mot vat co chieu dai ban au 0 phai chuyen ong
vi van toc bao nhieu e o co t oi chieu dai cua vat
la 25% (cho c = 300.000 km/s):
A. 168.900 (km/s)B. 259.800 (km/s)C. 198.450 (km/s)D. 175.000
(km/s)

3. Tm van toc v cua hat mezon, biet rang nang lng

toan phan ln hn nang lng ngh cua no 10 lan.
A. 259.800 (km/s)B. 298.500 (km/s)C. 198.450 (km/s)D. 175.000
(km/s)
4. Mot electron co khoi lng ngh m 0 = 0,511 MeV/c2 c
gia toc va co ong nang 2,53 (MeV). Nang lng toan phan
cua electron o bang:
A. 2,53 (MeV)
B. 0,819 (MeV)
C. 0,511(MeV)
D.
3,04
(MeV)
5. Mot en chp ien t cach quan sat vien 30 (km),
en phat ra mot chp sang va c quan sat vien nhn thay
luc 8 gi. en phat chp sang luc? (lay c = 3.10 8 m/s).
A. 8 gi kem 104 giay
B. 8 gi kem
103 giay
C. 8 gi kem 101 giay
D. 8 gi kem
2
10 giay
6. Thi gian song trung bnh cua hat nhan mezon la 6.10 6
giay khi van toc cua no la 0,95c. Tnh thi gian song trung
bnh cua hat nhan mezon ng yen trong mot he quy chieu
quan tnh.
A. 0,87.106(s)
B. 1,87.106(s)
C.
2,87.106(s)
D. 3,87.106(s)
7. Mot electron ng yen c gia toc en van toc
0,5c.Tnh o bien thien nang lng cua no. Lay m 0 =
9,1.1031(kg), c = 3.108(m/s).
A. 12,67.1015(J) B. 12,67.1014(J) C. 12,67.1016(J) D.
12,67.1017(J)
8. Theo thuyet tng oi, ong nang cua mot vat c tnh
theo cong thc nao sau ay?
A.

m m0 c2

1
m0v2
2

B.

1
mv2
2

C. m m0 c2

D.

9. W va p la ong nang va ong lng cua vat chuyen

ong, nang lng toan phan cua vat c tnh theo cong
thc nao sau ay?
A. E 2 m20c4 p2c2
B. E m0c2 pc
C. E m0c2 W pc
D. E2 m20c4 W2 p2c2
10.
Van toc cua mot hat phai bang bao nhieu e
ong nang cua hat bang 2 lan nang lng ngh cua no?
(lay c = 3.108 m/s).
A. 2,6.108(m/s)
B. 2,735.108(m/s) C. 2,825.108(m/s) D.
2,845.108(m/s)
11.
Bieu thc nao sau ay ung theo thuyet tng oi
hep Einstein ve khong gian va thi gian?

A.

l l 0 1

v2
; t
c2

t0
1

v2
c2

B.

v2

; t t0 1 2
2
c
v
1 2
c
0

v2
v2
0 1 2 ; t t0 1 2
c
c
0
t0

; t
v2
v2
1 2
1 2
c
c
C.

D.

12.

He so Lorenzt xac nh theo cong thc:

1

v2
v2
A. 1 2
B. 1 2
C.
v2
1 2
c
c
c
1

D.

v2
c2

13.
Trong cac bieu thc sau m0, m lan lt la khoi
lng cua vat trong he quy chieu vat ng yen va he quy
chieu vat chuyen ong, la he so Lorenzt. Bieu thc nao
sau ay khong ung vi thuyet tng oi hep Einstein?
A. m

m0

B. W m0c2

C. p m0v

D.

W 1 m0c2
14.
ong lng cua photon la:

A. bang 0 v khoi lng photon bang khong

C.

hc

B.

D.

h
15.
Mot thanh dai 1(m) nam song song vi truc Ox cua
he quy chieu K, he nay chuyen ong doc theo truc Ox vi
van toc 1,5.108(m/s) so vi at. o dai cua thanh trong he
quy chieu at la:
A. 0,732(m)
B. 0,866(m)
C. 0,533(m)
D. 0,5(m)
16.
Thi gian song trung bnh cua cac hat muyon trong
khoi ch phong th nghiem la 2,2(s). Thi gian song trung
bnh cua cac hat muyon toc o cao trong mot vu no tia vu
tru quan sat t trai at la 16 (s); c la van toc anh sang.
Van toc cac hat muyon trong tia vu tru oi vi trai at la:
A. 0,99c
B. 0,88c
C. 0,66c
D. 0,55c

17.
Toc o tng oi cua ong ho chuyen ong oi
vi ngi quan sat ng yen bang bao nhieu e ngi cung
chuyen ong vi ong ho thay toc o chay cua no ch
con mot na? (c la van toc anh sang trong chan khong).
A. v = 0,707c
B. v = 0,866c
C. v = 0,9c
D. v = 0,55c
18.
ong ho trong he quy chieu K chuyen ong rat
nhanh so vi at, c sau 5 (s) no b cham 0,10 (s). He quy
chieu ay ang chuyen ong vi van toc?
A. 0,2.108 (m/s) B. 0,4.108 (m/s) C. 0,6.108 (m/s) D. 0,8.108
(m/s)
19.
Hat mezon dch chuyen trong he quy chieu k vi
van toc v = 0,990c (c la van toc anh sang trong chan
khong). T khi sinh ra en khi no phan huy no i c
khoang cach 3 (km). Thi gian song cua mezon nay la:
A. 1 (ms)
B. 1,4 (ms)
C. 2,4 (s)
D. 1,4 (s)
ap an
1A
6B
11C
16A

2C
7A
12D
17

Chng V

3B
8C
13A
18C

4D
5A
9A
10C
14C 15B
19D

BAI TAP

1. Mot lo nung co nhiet o nung la 1000K. Ca so quan

sat co dien tch 250cm 2. Xac nh cong suat bc xa cua
ca so o neu coi lo la vat en tuyet oi.
S: P = 1,42.103 W
2. Tm nhiet o cua mot lo, neu mot lo nho cua no
rong 2 3cm2, c moi giay phat ra 8,28 calo. Coi lo nh mot
vat en tuyet oi.
S: T = 1000K.
3. Vat en tuyet oi co hnh dang mot qua cau ng
knh d = 10cm, mot nhiet o khong oi. Tm nhiet o cua
no, biet cong suat bc xa nhiet o a cho la 12
kcal/phut.
S: T = 875K.
4. Nhiet o cua si day toc bong en ien luon luon
bien oi v c ot nong bang dong ien xoay chieu. Hieu
so gia nhiet o cao nhat va thap nhat la 80K: nhiet o
trung bnh la 2300K. Hoi cong suat bc xa cua mot day toc
bien oi bao nhieu lan?
S: 1,15 lan.
5. Tnh lng nang lng bc xa trong mot ngay em cua
mot ngoi nha gach trat va, co dien tch mat ngoai tong

cong la 1000m2, biet nhiet o cua mat bc xa la 27C va

he so hap thu khi o bang 0,8.
S: W = 3,17.1010 J
6. Mot thoi thep uc, co nhiet o 727C. Trong mot giay,
moi cm2 cua no bc xa mot lng nang lng 4J. Xac nh
he so hap thu cua thoi thep nhiet o o, neu coi rang
he so o la nh nhau oi vi moi bc song.
S: = 0,7.
7. Tm bc song ng vi nang suat bc xa cc ai cua:
a) Vat en tuyet oi co nhiet o bang nhiet o
cua c the (37C).
b) Day toc bong en ien (3000K).
c) Vo mat tri (6000K)
d) Bom nguyen t khi no (107K).
Coi cac nguon sang manh trong 3 cau hoi di eu la vat
en tuyet oi.
S: a) 9,3 m.
b) 1 m.
c) 0,48 m.
d) 2,89.1010 m.
8. Cong suat bc xa cua vat en tuyet oi bang 10 5 kW.
Tm dien tch bc xa cua vat o neu bc song ng vi
nang suat phat xa cc ai cua no bang 7.107m.
S: 6,003 m2.
9. Tnh nang lng do 1 cm2 ch ong ac trong 1 giay. Ty so
gia cac nang suat phat xa toan phan cua be mat ch va
cua vat en tuyet oi nhiet o o bang 0,6. Cho biet
nhiet o nong chay cua ch la 327C.
S: W = 0,46 J.
10.
Tm nang lng do 1 cm2 be mat cua vat en tuyet
oi phat ra trong mot giay neu bc song ng vi nang
suat phat xa cc ai cua no bang 0,4840.106m.
S: W = 7,35.103 J.
11.
Be mat kim loai nong chay co dien tch 10cm 2 moi
phut bc xa mot lng nang lng 4.10 4J. Nhiet o be mat
la: 2500K. Tm :
a) Nang lng bc xa cua mat o, neu coi no la
vat en tuyet oi.
b) Ty so gia cac nang suat phat xa toan phan
cua mat o va cua vat en tuyet oi cung mot nhiet
o.
S: a) W = 1,33.105 J.
b) = 0,3.
12.
Day toc Vonfram cua bong en ien co ng
knh 0,3 momen va co o dai 5cm. Khi mac en vao mach
ien 127 V th dong ien chay qua en la 0,31A. Tm nhiet o
cua en, gia s rang trang thai can bang, tat ca nhiet
o do en phat ra eu dang bc xa. Ty so gia cac

nang suat phat xa toan phan cua day toc vonfram va cua
vat en tuyet oi bang 0,31.
S: T = 2620K.
13.
Xac nh o tang bc song va goc tan xa trong
hien tng Komton, biet bc song ban au cua photon la =
0,03 va van toc cua electron ban ra la v = .c = 0,6c.
S: = 0,0135; =63o40.
14.
Xac nh bc song cua bc xa Rnghen. Biet
rang trong hien tng Komton cho bi bc xa o, ong nang
cc ai cua electron ban ra la 0,19MeV.
S: = 0,037.
15.
Photon co nang lng 250keV, bay en va cham vi
1 electron ng yen va tan xa theo goc 120 (tan xa Komton).
Xac nh nang lng cua photon tan xa.
S: E = 0,144 MeV.
16.
Photon ban au co nang lng 0,8MeV tan xa tren 1
electron t do va tr thanh photon ng vi bc xa co bc
song bang bc song Komton. Tnh goc tan xa.
S: =50o.
17.
Trong hien tng Komton, bc song cua chum
photon bay ti la 0,03. Tnh phan nang lng truyen cho
electron oi vi photon tan xa di nhng goc 60, 90 va
180.
S: E = 120 keV, 186 keV, 256 keV.
18.
Tnh ong lng cua electron khi co photon bc
song ban au 0,05 va cham vao va b tan xa theo goc 90.
S: P = 1,6.1022 kgm/s.

Chng VI
1.

BAI TAP

Tnh bc song bri cua electron va proton chuyen

ong vi van toc 106 m/s.
S: 727.1012m va 0,396.1012 m.
2.
Hat electron tng oi tnh chuyen ong vi van
toc 2.108 m/s. Tnh bc song bri cua no?
S: 2,71.10 12 m .
3.
Hat electron khong van toc au c gia toc qua
mot hieu ien the U. Tnh U biet rang sau khi gia toc, hat
electron chuyen ong ng vi bc song bri 1.
S: U = 150V.
4.
Xac nh bc song bri cua hat electron co
ong nang bang 1keV.
S: 0,39.
5.
Xac nh bc song bri cua hat proton c gia
toc (khong van toc au) qua mot hieu ien the bang 1kV
va 1MV.
S: 2,72.1012m va 28,6.1015 m.

6.
Hoi phai cung cap cho hat electron them mot nang
lng bang bao nhieu e cho bc song bri cua no giam
t 100.1012 m en 50.1012 m?
S: E = 0,45 keV.
7.
Hat ntron ong nang 25 eV bay en va cham vao
hat teri (hat nhan cua ong v nang cua hydro). Tnh bc
song bri cua hai hat trong he quy chieu khoi tam cua
chung?
S: n d 8,6.102 m.
8.
Xet cac phan t kh hydro can bang nhiet ong
nhiet o phong. Tnh bc song bri co xac suat ln
nhat cua phan t.
S: 0,09.109 m.
9.
Thiet lap bieu thc cua bc song bri cua
hat tng oi tnh chuyen ong vi ong nang T. Vi gia tr
nao cua T s sai khac gia tng oi tnh va phi tng oi
tnh khong qua 1% oi vi hat electron va hat proton.
S: a) T 5,1 keV.
b) T 9,4 MeV.
10.
Hat trong gieng the nang mot chieu, chieu cao
vo cung:

U x

0,

0 x a

x 0;x a

a) Hat trang thai ng vi n = 2. Xac nh nhng v tr

ng vi cc ai va cc tieu cua mat o xac suat tm hat.
b) Hat trang thai vi n = 2. Tm xac suat e tm hat
co v tr trong khoang

a
2a
x
.
3
3

c) Tm v tr x tai o xac suat tm hat cac trang thai n

= 1 va n = 2 la nh nhau.
d) Chng minh rang:
m x n x dx mn;
Vi

mn

0, khi m n
(k hieu Kronecker)
1, khi m n

Chng minh rang tai trang thai n, so iem nut cua

mat o xac suat tm hat (tc la nhng iem tai o mat
o xac suat = 0) bang n + 1.
2
2 2 2
2
2
x .
sin
x . Mat o xac suat 2 x sin
S:
a) 2 x
a
a
a
a
a 3a
a
2
2
x 1 x ; . Cc tieu khi sin
x 0 x .
Cc ai khi sin
4 4
2
a
a
2a 3

b) Xac suat phai tm bang:

2 x dx
2

a3

c) x = a/3 va 2a/3 tai o 2 x

2

3
.
2a

1
3

0,195.
3 4

d) va e) bang tnh toan trc tiep se tm c ket qua.

11.
Dong hat chuyen ong t trai sang phai qua mot
hang rao the bac thang.
U

0, khi x 0
U 0, khi x 0

Gia s nang lng cua hat bang E > U 0, biet ham song hat
ti cho bi:

s eikx k

2mE

a)

Viet bieu thc ham song phan xa va ham song

truyen qua.
b) Tnh bc song bri cua hat hai mien I (x 0) va II
(x > 0). Tnh ty so n I II . (chiet suat cua song bri).
c) Tm lien he gia he so phan xa R va chiet suat n.
k k1 ikx
e .
S:
a) Song phan xa co dang: R
k k1
Song truyen qua co dang: D
b) Trong mien I: I
suat n

2k
eik1x .
k k1

2
2
, trong mien II: II
. Chiet
k1
k

I
k
U
1 1
.
II
k
E
k k1

k k1

c) He so phan xa: R

1 n1
.
1 n

12.
Khao sat s truyen cua dong hat t trai sang
phai qua hang rao the bac thang.
U

0, khi x 0
U 0, khi x 0

a) Tm hat song cua hat mien I (x 0) va mien II

(x > 0).
b) Tnh he so phan xa va he so truyen qua.
Giai thch ket qua tm c.
S: a) Bieu thc ham song:
k i ikx

I A eikx
e ,
k i

2k
II
Aex
k i

Trong mien I song co dang hnh sin theo x, trong mien II song
co dang tat dan theo x.
b) He so phan xa:

k i
k i

k2 2
1,
k2 2

suy ra he so

truyen qua D = 0.
13.
Khao sat s truyen cua dong hat t trai sang
phai qua hang rao the bac thang be cao vo cung.
U

0, khi x 0
U 0, khi x 0

a) Tm hat song cua hat.

b) Tnh he so phan xa va he so truyen qua: gia s
hat co nang lng xac nh E.
S: a) Bieu thc ham song:
I A eikx e ikx , hay I asinkx
II 0
b) he so phan xa: R = 1.
He so truyen qua: D = 0.

Chng VII

BAI TAP

1. Tnh gia tr hnh chieu momen quy ao cua electron

trang thai d.
S: 0; h; 2h
2. Nguyen t hydro thoat tien trang thai c ban hap thu
photon nang lng 10,2eV. Xac nh o bien thien momen
orbital L cua electron, biet rang trang thai kch thch electron
trang thai p.
S: ban au trang thai s: L = 0, khi kch thch trang thai p:
L 2h.
Vay L 2h.
3. oi vi electron hoa tr trong nguyen t Na. Hoi nhng
trang thai nang lng nao co the chuyen ve trang thai ng
vi n = 3? Khi xet co chu y ca spin.
S:

2
Nhng trang thai co the chuyen ve 3 S1 :
2

n2P1
2

va

n2P3 , (n = 3, 4, 5).
2

2
Nhng trang thai co the chuyen ve 3 P1 :
2

n2S1 , (n =
2

4, 5, 6);
2
va m D 3 , (n =3, 4, 5).
2

2
Nhng trang thai co the chuyen ve 3 P3 :
2

n2S1 , (n =
2

4, 5, 6);
2
2
va m D 3 , m D 5 (n =3, 4, 5).
2

2
Nhng trang thai co the chuyen ve 3 D 3 :
2

(n = 4, 5, 6);
2
va m F5 (m =4, 5, 6).
2

n2P1 , n2P3
2

2
2
Nhng trang thai co the chuyen ve 3 D 5 : n P3 (n = 4, 5,
2

6);
2
2
va m D 7 , m D 5 (m =4, 5, 6).
2

4. Khao sat s tach quang pho:

mD nP
di tac dung cua t trng yeu.
S: Do s cach eu nhau cua cac mc nang lng tach ra
nen vach quang pho mD nP thc s ch tach thanh 3 vach
quang pho khac nhau.
2S1
X j , trong
5. Trang thai cua nguyen t c ky hieu bi:
o X = S, P, D, F, tuy theo gia tr cua so lng t quy ao
Lepton cua vo electron.
Xac nh momen t cua nguyen t trang thai:
a) 1F3 ;
2
b) D3 2 ;
c) ng vi S =1, L = 2 va tha so Lane = 4/3.
S: a) g = 1; 12 B .
b) g = 4 5 ;
c) J = 3;

2
15 B .
5

4
12 B
3

6. Nguyen t trang thai L = 2, S =

3
co momen t bang
2

0. Tm momen toan phan cua nguyen t o.

S:

r
3
J J J 1 h
h
2

7. Co bao nhieu electron s, electron p, electron d trong lp K? L?

M?
S: Lp K 2s
Lp L 2s va 6p
Lp M 2s; 6p va 10d.
8. Lp ng vi n = 3 cha ay electron, trong o co bao
nhieu electron:
a) Cung co ms

1
;
2

c) Cung co m = 2;

b) Cung co m = 1
d)

Cung

1
ms va m = 0.
2

e) Cung co ms

1
va l = 2.
2

S:
a) 9
b) 4 c) 2 d) 3 e) 5.
9. Trong nguyen t cac lp K, L, M eu ay. Xac nh:
a) Tong so electron trong nguyen t.
b) So electron s, so electron p va so electron d.
c) So electron p co m = 0.

co

S:

a) 2(12 + 22 + 32) = 28.

b) 6 electron s gom: (1s)2; (2s)2; (3s)2.
12 electron p gom: (2p)6; (3p)6.
10 electron d gom: (3d)10.
c) 4 electron p co m = 0 gom: (2p)2; (3p)2.

10.
Viet cau hnh electron oi vi cac nguyen t sau
ay trang thai c ban:
a) bo
b) cacbon
c) natri
2
2
1
S: a) (1s) (2s) (2p) .
b) (1s)2 (2s)2 (2p)2.
c) (1s)2 (2s)2 (2p)6 (3s)1.

Chng VIII

BAI TAP

1.
Trong 1(g) kh carbonic, co bao nhieu nguyen t oxi?
Cho O = 15,999 va C = 12,011.
A. 188.1020
B. 1,5.1023
C. 274.1020
D. 6,02.1023
2.
Co bao nhieu proton trong 16(g) 16
8O .
24
24
A. 4,82.10
B. 9,64.10
C. 6,023.1023
D. 9,64.1023
3.
Chu ky ban ra cua ong v phong xa nhan tao
45
9
20Ca la T = 164 ngay. Tnh o phong xa cua 10 (g) chat o.
A. 6,53.108 (Bq) B. 8,43.108 (Bq) C. 7,53.108 (Bq) D.

5,53.108 (Bq)
4.
Tnh nang lng lien ket rieng cua hat nhan 120
50Sn.
120
Cho biet khoi lng nguyen t 50Sn la 119,902199(u), khoi
lng nguyen t hydro la 1,007825(u), moi ntron co khoi
lng 1,008665(u) va 1(u) = 932(MeV/c2).

MeV

nuclon
MeV
0,851

nuclon

A. 1022

MeV

nuclon

B. 102,2

MeV

nuclon

C. 8,51

D.

5.
Mot mau KCl nang 2,71(g) c tm thay, ay la
chat phong xa co o phong xa 4490(Bq). Phong xa nay c
dung e anh dau nguyen to kali, ac biet la 40K, ong v
chiem 1,17% trong kali thong thng. Tm chu ky ban ra T cua
cac ong v phong xa nay:
A. T = 2,5.109 nam
B. T = 1,25.109 nam
C. T
9
9
=3,75.10 nam
D. T = 5.10 nam
6.
Mot mau chat phong xa, cha 106 hat nhan
phong xa. Biet chu ky ban ra cua chat phong xa nay la
20(s). Sau 10(s), so hat nhan con lai la bao nhieu?
A. 0,353.106
B. 1,44.106
C. 0,707.106
D.
6
2,828.10

7.
Mot chat phong xa co chu ky ban ra 10 9 nam. Tai
thi iem ban au, no phong ra 10 6 hat trong 1(s). Sau thi
iem ban au 109 nam co bao nhieu hat se c chat
phong xa trong 1(s).
A. 5.105 hat
B. 2,5.105 hat
C. 105 hat
D.
5
7,5.10 hat
260
8.
Cho phan ng hat nhan: 242
94Pu X 104Ku 4n . X la hat
nhan nao?
23
28
23
Na
Na
Na
A. 22
B. 12
C. 10
D. 10
10Na
A
9.
Mot hat nhan me Z X sau khi chu s phong xa, bien
oi thanh hat nhan con ZA1Y , o la phong xa g?
A. Phong xa
B. Phong xa + C. Phong xa D.
Phong xa
10.
Phan tch mot mau a lay t Mat trang, cho biet
ti so gia so nguyen t Ar40 (ben) co mat va so nguyen
t K40 (phong xa) la 10,3. Gia s rang tat ca so nguyen
t Argon nay eu c tao thanh do s phan ra cac nguyen
t kali. Chu ky ban ra cua kali la 1,25.10 9 nam. Hay tnh tuoi
cua mau a o.
A. 1,37.109 nam
B. 4,37.109 nam C. 3,37.109 nam D.
2,37.109 nam
11.
Ban au ngi ta co 20(g) radon 222
86Rn , biet radon la
chat phong xa co chu ky ban ra T = 3,8 ngay.
A. N = 1,056.1018
B. N = 2,056.1020 C. N = 3,056.1019 D. N
= 4,056.1020
12.
Mot ong v phong xa co chu ky ban ra T = 140
ngay. Hoi sau bao nhieu ngay o phong xa cua mau ong
v o giam ch con mot phan t o phong xa ban au?
A. 280 ngay
B. 700 ngay
C. 560 ngay
D. 420 ngay
13.
Gali (Ga67) co chu ky ban ra T = 78(h). Xet mot
mau ban au tinh khiet nang 3,4(g) cua ong v o.
A. 7,54.1014 (Bq) hoac 2,04.104(Ci)
B. 7,54.1014 (Bq) hoac
10
2,04.10 (Ci)
C. 7,54.1016 (Bq) hoac 2,04.106(Ci)
D. 7,54.1016 (Bq) hoac
10
2,04.10 (Ci)
14.
U238 phan ra thanh Pb206 vi chu ky T = 4,47.10 9
nam. Mot khoi a c phat hien co cha 46,97(mg) U238
va 2,315(mg) Pb206. Gia s rang luc mi tao thanh khoi a
o khong co cha ch va tat ca so ch co mat trong o
eu la san pham phan ra cua U238. Hien tai khoi a o
co t le gia so nguyen U238 va Pb206 la bao nhieu?
A. 19
B. 20
C. 21
D. 22
15.

o hut khoi khi tao thanh hat nhan

2
1

D, 31T, 42He

lan lt la mD = 0,0024u, mT = 0,0087u, m = 0,0305u va u2c =

931(MeV). Vay nang lng toa ra t phan ng nhiet hach

D T He n

2
1

3
1

4
2

1
0

la bao nhieu?

A. 1,86(MeV)
B. 0,186(MeV)
C. 18,6(MeV)
D.
186(MeV)sgdf
16.
Dung proton ban hat nhan Beri 49 Be . Ta c phng
trnh phan ng hat nhan sau ay

1
1

p Be He Li
4
9

4
2

6
3

, proton

co ong nang kp = 5,45(MeV). Hat bay ra theo phng vuong

goc vi proton va co ong nang k = 4(MeV). Neu tnh theo
n v khoi lng nguyen t u th khoi lng mot hat nhan
xap x bang so khoi cua no. Vay ong nang k Li co gia tr
nao sau ay?
A. 3,575(eV)
B. 3,575(keV)
C. 3,575(MeV)
D. 3,575 (J)
238
9
17.
nam, phan ra theo
92U co chu ky ban ra 4,5.10
238
206

phan ng 92U 82Pb 8 6 . Vao thi iem khao sat mot

mau quang Urani, ngi ta thay mau nay cha 1(g) U238 va
10(mg) Pb206. Tuoi cua quang Urani nay bang:
A. 7,5.104 nam
B. 7,5.105 nam C. 7,5.106 nam
7
D. 7,5.10 nam
18.
Dung mot may em xung e o chu ky ban ra T
cua mot chat phong xa. Ban au, trong mot phut co N
nguyen t b phan ra. Nhng 2 gi sau, trong 1 phut so
nguyen t b phan ra giam i 4 lan. Chu ky ban ra T cua
chat phong xa nay la bao nhieu?
A. 1 gi
B. 2 gi
C. 3 gi
D. 4 gi
19.
Sau 1 nam, lng hat nhan ban au cua mot ong
v phong xa giam 3 lan. Lng hat nhan se giam bao nhieu
lan trong 2 nam?
A. 3 lan
B. 6 lan
C. 9 lan
D. 12 lan
20.
Dung may em xung e o so phat ra t 2 mau
go. Mot con ang song va mot la go co ai co cung khoi
lng Carbon. Ngi ta thay so phat ra t go co ai t hn
t go song 4 lan. Biet chu ky ban ra cua C14 la 5570 nam.
Hoi go co ai chet a bao lau?
A. 5570 nam
B. 11140 nam
C. 16710 nam
D. 22280 nam
21.
Mot mau chat Rn cha 10 10 nguyen t phong xa.
Rn co chu ky ban ra 3,8 ngay. Hoi co bao nhieu nguyen t
phan ra sau 1 ngay?
A. 1,67.107
B. 1,67.108
C. 1,67.109
D.
10
1,67.10
22.
Biet rang 1(g) Bismut phong xa 4,58.10 15 hat trong
1(s). Hoi chu ky ban ra cua Bi210 la bao nhieu?

A. 3,02 ngay
B. 4,02 ngay
C. 5,02 ngay
D. 6,02 ngay
23.
Sau 3 phan ra va 2 phan ra . Hat nhan 238U
bien thanh hat nhan g?
A. 222
B. 210
C. 210
D. 226
86Un
84Po
83Bi
88Ra
24.
Mot nguyen t phong xa sau vai lan phan ra,
phong xa mot hat va hai hat tao thanh 235U . Nguyen t
ban au la nguyen t nao sau ay?
A. 238
B. 239
C. 230
D. 238
92U
92U
90Th
93Np
25.

Cho phan ng hat nhan

Al 3015P 01n,

27
13

mAl =

26,974u, mP = 29,970u, m = 4,0015u. Nang lng toi thieu cua

hat e phan ng xay ra la bao nhieu?
A. 0,8(MeV)
B. 1,6(MeV)
C. 2,4(MeV)
D. 3(MeV)
235
26.
Phan hach mot hat nhan
U trong lo phan ng
se toa mot nang lng 200(MeV). Neu phan hach 1(kg) 235U .
Th nang lng toa ra la:
A. 5,13.1023(MeV)
B. 5,13.1024(MeV) C. 5,13.1025(MeV) D.
26
5,13.10 (MeV)
27.
Cho hat nhan co so khoi A se co khoi lng A.u.
Hat nhan Radi phong xa , hat bay ra co ong nang
4,78(MeV). Nang lng toan phan toa ra t phan ng bang:
A. 0,487(MeV)
B. 4, 87(MeV)
C. 48,7(MeV)
D. 478(MeV)
28.
Cho m = 4,0015u, mP = 1,0073u, mn = 1,0087u. Nang
lng lien ket cua hat la:
A. 0,71(MeV)
B. 7,1(MeV)
C. 71(MeV)
D.
710(MeV)
29.
Dung may em xung e tm chu ky ban ra
cuamot chat phong xa. Ban au, trong khoang thi gian t,
em thay 6400 phan ra. 6 gi sau, trong khoang t, ngi ta
em lai ch con 100 phan ra. Vay chu ky ban ra T bang:
A. 1 gi
B. 2 gi
C. 3 gi
D. 4 gi
14
30.
Cho chu ky ban ra cua 6 C la 5600 nam. Xet mot
cai tng co bang go, ngi ta thay rang o phong xa
cua no ch bang 0,77 lan o phong xa cua mot khuc go
co cung khoi lng va va mi chat. Tuoi cua tng go
la:
A. 2101 nam
B. 3101 nam
C. 4101 nam
D.5101 nam
31.
Cau nao sau ay sai khi noi ve khoi lng ngh
cua mot so hat c ban?
A. Khoi lng ngh cua photon bang khong.
B. Khoi lng ngh cua ntron bang khong.
C. Khoi lng ngh cua electron bang 9,1.1031(kg).
D. Khi ng yen, khoi lng ngh cua photon bang khong.

32.
Nhan xet nao sau ay ve hien tng huy cap
hoac sinh cap la khong ung?
A. Hat nhan va phan hat co khoi lng ngh khac khong,
khi xay ra hien tng huy cap, hat san pham co khoi
lng ngh bang khong.
B. Qua trnh huy cap gia electron va positron tuan theo
phng trnh e e .
C. T nhng photon, khi xay ra hien tng sinh cap, cac hat
va phan hat c tao thanh co khoi lng ngh bang
khong.
D. Hai hat co cung khoi lng ngh, cung Spin s nhng ien
tch co o ln bang nhau va trai dau, chung c goi
hat va phan hat cua nhau.
33.
Trong cac loai: Photon, Mezon, Lepton va Barion, cac
hat s cap thuoc loai nao co khoi lng ngh nho nhat?
A. photon
B. Lepton
C. mezon
D.
barion
34.
Tng tac gia cac hadron, nh tng tac gia cac
nuclon trong hat nhan goi la:
A. tng tac ien t
B. tng tac hap dan
C.
Tng tac yeu D. tng tac manh
35.

Hat Xi tr (E) co spin s

1
va ien tch Q = 1. Hat
2

nay cha hai quac la, moi mot quac la co so la s = 1 va no

la to hp cua ba quac gom: quac u, quac d, quac s. o la to
hp nao sau ay?
A. (ssd)
B. (sdu)
C. (usd)
D. (ssu)
36.
Co bao nhieu hanh tinh ln chuyen ong quanh
mat Tri?
A. 7
B. 8
C. 9
D. 10
37.
Cau nao sau ay khong ung?
A. Mat tri c cau tao thanh hai phan la Quang cau va
Kh quyen.
B. Sac cau va Nhat hoa la hai lp cua kh quyen Mat
tri.
C. Nguon goc nang lng bc xa cua Mat tri la cac
phan ng nhiet hach xay ra trong long Mat tri.
D. Nam Mat tri tnh la nam ma Mat tri co nhieu vet
en nhat.
38.
Khi noi ve Mat trang, cau nao sau ay khong
ung?
A. Chu ky chuyen ong cua Mat trang quanh truc bang chu
ky chuyen ong quanh Trai at.
B. Hien tng thuy trieu la mot trong nhng anh hng
cua Mat trang oi vi Trai at.
C. Mat trang luon hng mot na nhat nh ve pha Trai
at la do chieu t quay quanh truc cua no cung vi
chieu quay quanh Trai at.

D. Cho en bay gi con ngi van cha at chan len c

Mat trang ma ch o bo len o cac tau vu tru
khong co ngi lai.
39.
Cac thuyet ve Vu tru, cac s kien thien van nao
sau ay a khong c dung e giai thch (hoac minh chng)
nguon goc va s tien hoa cua Vu tru.
A. Vu tru trang thai on nh
B. Vu no ln
(thuyet Big Bang)
C. Vu tru dan n
D. Bc xa Vu tru
40.
Cac hat vi mo c xep th t t ln en be la:
A. phan t, nguyen t, proton, ntron, electron, quac.
B. phan t, nguyen t, ntron, ntrino, electron, quac.
C. phan t, proton, ntron, quac, electron, barion.
D. phan t, nguyen t, ntron,proton, electron, quac.
41.
ien tch cua cac hat vi mo xep theo th t t
nhieu en t la:
A. hat alpha, hat nhan oxi, ntron, positron, proton.
B. hat nhan oxi, hat alpha, positron, quac, ntron.
C. proton, positron, hat alpha, proton, quac.
D. hat nhan oxi, positron, hat alpha, proton, quac.
42.
Khoi lng ngh cua cac hat s cap sau ay c
xep th t t ln en be la:
A. proton, ntron, ntrino, electron.
B.
proton,
electron,
ntron, ntrino.
C. ntron, proton, electron, ntrino.
D.
proton,
ntron,
electron, ntrino.
43.
Cac tng tac va t phan ra cac hat s cap tuan
theo cac nh luat bao toan:
A. Khoi lng, ien tch, ong lng, momen ong lng.
B. ien tch, khoi lng, nang lng ngh, ong lng.
C. ien tch, khoi lng, nang lng ngh, momen ong
lng.
D. ien tch, ong lng, momen ong lng, nang lng
toan phan (bao gom ca nang lng ngh).
44.
Pion trung hoa ng yen co nang lng ngh la
134,9(MeV) phan ra thanh hai tia gamma 0 . Bc song
cua tia gamma phat ra trong phan ra cua pion nay la:
A. 9,2.1015(m)
B. 9200(nm)
C. 4,6. 1012(m)
D. 1,8.1014(m)
45.
Mot pion ng yen phan ra thanh muyon va nitrino
theo s o . Biet nang lng ngh cua pion va muyon
tng ng la 139,5(MeV) va 105,7(MeV). ong nang ma hai hat
c tao thanh nhan c la:
A. k + kv = 2,7.1012(J)
B. k + kv = 5,4.1012(J)
C. k + kv = 1,6.1013(J)
D.
k
+
kv
=
12
3,39.10 (J)
ap an
1C 2

3A

4C

5B

6C 7A
11B 12A
16C 17D
21C 22C
26D 27B
31D 32C
36B 37D
41B 42C

8B
13C
18A
23D
28B
33A
38D
43D

9C
14A
19C
24B
29A
34D
39D
44D

10B
15C
20B
25D
30A
35A
40D
45B