Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Colombia
Court:Inter-American Court of Human Rights
Date: September 15, 2005
CRC Provisions: Article 6: Survival and development Article 37: Torture
deprivation of libertyArticle 38: Armed conflicts Article 39: Rehabilitative care
and
Respuesta:
Operating Principles
In order to achieve our vision and mission, our work will be driven by the following
operating principles:
As public servants, we will be accountable to the American people for ensuring the
achieved;
Emphasizing a country-based focus for planning and programming resources that
performance;
Working with others in State and USAID to align program and operational resources;
and
Carrying out our work with integrity in a transparent and coordinated manner.
We will be constructive and cooperative partners with our stakeholders by:
others.
The upcoming EU-Colombia Trade Agreement will lower tariffs for our
European competitors in key sectors such as environmental goods,
chemicals & rubber, infrastructure & machinery, and medical & scientific
equipment.
The upcoming CanadaColombia Trade Agreement will lower tariffs for
Canadian products competing directly with key U.S. exports such as wheat,
construction equipment, and transportation equipment.
Idaho Depends on World Markets
Idahos shipments of merchandise in 2010 totaled $5.2 billion.
Exports of manufactured goods support an estimated 41,000 jobs in
Idaho. (2008 data are the latest available.)
Nearly one-quarter (22.6 percent) of all manufacturing workers in Idaho
depend on exports for their jobs.
A total of 1,219 companies exported goods from Idaho locations in 2008.
1,070 of Idaho exporting firms were SMEs with fewer than 500
employees.
SMEs generated over one-fifth (21.0 percent) of Idaho's total exports of
merchandise in 2008.
Trade Works for Idaho
Recently implemented trade agreements have benefited Idaho. For example, since
the U.S.-Singapore trade agreement entry into force in 2004, Idahos exports to
Singapore have grown by 290 percent. Since the U.S.-Chile trade agreement entry
into force in 2004, Idahos exports to Chile have grown by 118 percent. CTPA can
similarly benefit Idaho.
Source: U.S. Department of Commerce, International Trade Administration
_________________________________________________________________
_________
For more detail on how CTPA will benefit additional business and agricultural
sectors in Idaho, see the Department of Commerce fact sheets at
http://www.trade.gov/fta/colombia: and the Department of Agriculture fact sheets
at: http://www.fas.usda.gov/itp/us-Colombia.asp
REUTERS
World leaders attend the opening plenary session of the G20 Summit
in Seoul November 12, 2010. THE G20 SEOUL SUMMIT
LEADERS' DECLARATION NOVEMBER 11 - 12, 2010
1. We, the Leaders of the G20, are united in our conviction that by
working together we can secure a more prosperous future for the
citizens of all countries.
2. When we first gathered in November 2008 to address the most
severe world recession our generation has ever confronted, we
pledged to support and stabilize the global economy, and at the same
time, to lay the foundation for reform, to ensure the world would
never face such upheaval again.
9. Today, the Seoul Summit delivers:
the Seoul Action Plan composed of comprehensive, cooperative
and country-specific policy actions to move closer to our shared
objective. The Plan includes our commitment to:
-
undertake
macroeconomic
policies,
including
fiscal
consolidation where necessary, to ensure ongoing recovery
and sustainable growth and enhance the stability of financial
markets, in particular moving toward more market-determined
exchange rate systems, enhancing exchange rate flexibility to
reflect underlying economic fundamentals, and refraining from
competitive devaluation of currencies;
and growth;
instruments to strengthen global financial safety nets, which help
countries cope with financial volatility by providing them with practical
tools to overcome sudden reversals of international capital flows;
core elements of a new financial regulatory framework, including bank
capital and liquidity standards, as well as measures to better regulate
and effectively resolve systemically important financial institutions,
complemented by more effective oversight and supervision. This new
framework, complemented by other achievements as outlined in the
Seoul Summit Document, will ensure a more resilient financial system
by reining in the past excesses of the financial sector and better
serving the needs of our economies;
the Seoul Development Consensus for Shared Growth that sets out our
commitment to work in partnership with other developing countries,
and LICs in particular, to help them build the capacity to achieve and
maximize their growth potential, thereby contributing to global
rebalancing.
The Seoul Consensus complements our commitment to achieve the
Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) and focuses on concrete
measures as summarized in our Multi-Year Action Plan on
Development to make a tangible and significant difference in people's
lives, including in particular through the development of infrastructure
in developing countries;
10. We will continue to monitor and assess ongoing implementation
of the commitments made today and in the past in a transparent and
objective way. We hold ourselves accountable. What we promise, we
will deliver.
PRUEBA
Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court
PREAMBLE
The States Parties to this Statute,
Conscious that all peoples are united by common bonds, their cultures
pieced together in a shared heritage, and concerned that this delicate
mosaic may be shattered at any time,
Mindful that during this century millions of children, women and men
have been victims of unimaginable atrocities that deeply shock the
conscience of humanity,
Recognizing that such grave crimes threaten the peace, security and wellbeing of the world,
Affirming that the most serious crimes of concern to the international
community as a whole must not go unpunished and that their effective
prosecution must be ensured by taking measures at the national level and
by enhancing international cooperation,
Determined to put an end to impunity for the perpetrators of these crimes
and thus to contribute to the prevention of such crimes,
Recalling that it is the duty of every State to exercise its criminal
jurisdiction over those responsible for international crimes,
Reaffirming the Purposes and Principles of the Charter of the United
Nations, and in particular that all States shall refrain from the threat or use
of force against the territorial integrity or political independence of any
State, or in any other manner inconsistent with the Purposes of the United
Nations,
Emphasizing in this connection that nothing in this Statute shall be taken
as authorizing any State Party to intervene in an armed conflict or in the
internal affairs of any State,
Determined to these ends and for the sake of present and future
generations, to establish an independent permanent International Criminal
Court in relationship with the United Nations system, with jurisdiction over
the most serious crimes of concern to the international community as a
whole,
Emphasizing that the International Criminal Court established under this
Statute shall be complementary to national criminal jurisdictions,
Resolved to guarantee
international justice,
lasting
respect for
and
the
enforcement of
(b) Subparagraph 1(f) does not apply when the requirement is imposed or
the commitment or undertaking is enforced by a court, administrative
tribunal or competition authority to remedy an alleged violation of
competition laws or to act in a manner not inconsistent with other
provisions of this Agreement (c) For greater certainty, the Parties confirm
their understanding that the exceptions in paragraph 3 of Article 2201
(Exceptions - General Exceptions) apply to performance requirements under
this Article, including the exceptions concerning the protection of human
animal or plant life or health, and the conservation of living or nonliving
exhaustible natural resources.
5. Paragraphs 1 and 3 do not apply to any commitment, undertaking, or
requirement other than those set out in those paragraphs.
6. This Article does not preclude enforcement of any commitment,
undertaking, or requirement between private parties.
Article III
Preventive Measures
For the purposes set forth in Article II of this Convention, the States Parties
agree to consider the applicability of measures within their own institutional
systems to create, maintain and strengthen:
1. Standards of conduct for the correct, honorable, and proper fulfillment of
public functions. These standards shall be intended to prevent conflicts of
interest and mandate the proper conservation and use of resources
entrusted to government officials in the performance of their functions.
These standards shall also establish measures and systems requiring
government officials to report to appropriate authorities acts of corruption in
the performance of public functions. Such measures should help preserve
the public's confidence in the integrity of public servants and government
processes.
2. Mechanisms to enforce these standards of conduct.
Government
revenue
collection
and
control
systems
that
deter
corruption.
7. Laws that deny favorable tax treatment for any individual or corporation
for expenditures made in violation of the anticorruption laws of the States
Parties.
8. Systems for protecting public servants and private citizens who, in good
faith, report acts of corruption, including protection of their identities, in
accordance with their Constitutions and the basic principles of their
domestic legal systems.
9. Oversight bodies with a view to implementing modern mechanisms for
preventing, detecting, punishing and eradicating corrupt acts.
PRUEBA 8
CONVENTION ON BIOLOGICAL DIVERSITY
Preamble
The Contracting Parties,
Conscious of the intrinsic value of biological diversity and of the ecological,
genetic, social, economic, scientific, educational, cultural, recreational and
aesthetic values of biological diversity and its components,
Conscious also of the importance of biological diversity for evolution and for
maintaining life sustaining systems of the biosphere,
Affirming that the conservation of biological diversity is a common concern of
humankind,
Reaffirming that States have sovereign rights over their own biological
resources,
Reaffirming also that States are responsible for conserving their biological
diversity and for using their biological resources in a sustainable manner,
Concerned that biological diversity is being significantly reduced by certain
human activities,
Aware of the general lack of information and knowledge regarding biological
diversity and of the urgent need to develop scientific, technical and institutional
capacities to provide the basic understanding upon which to plan and
implement appropriate measures,
Noting that it is vital to anticipate, prevent and attack the causes of significant
reduction or loss of biological diversity at source,
Noting also that where there is a threat of significant reduction or loss of
biological diversity, lack of full scientific certainty should not be used as a
reason for postponing measures to avoid or minimize such a threat,
Noting further that the fundamental requirement for the conservation of
biological diversity is the in-situ conservation of ecosystems and natural
habitats and the maintenance and recovery of viable populations of species in
their natural surroundings,
Noting further that ex-situ measures, preferably in the country of origin, also
have an important role to play,
Recognizing the close and traditional dependence of many indigenous and
local communities embodying traditional lifestyles on biological resources, and
the desirability of sharing equitably benefits arising from the use of traditional
knowledge, innovations and practices relevant to the conservation of biological
diversity and the sustainable use of its components,
Recognizing also the vital role that women play in the conservation and
sustainable use of biological diversity and affirming the need for the full
participation of women at all levels of policy-making and implementation for
biological diversity conservation,
Stressing the importance of, and the need to promote, international, regional
and global cooperation among States and intergovernmental organizations and
the non-governmental sector for the conservation of biological diversity and the
sustainable use of its components,
Acknowledging that the provision of new and additional financial resources and
appropriate access to relevant technologies can be expected to make a
substantial difference in the world's ability to address the loss of biological
diversity...
PRUEBA 9
THIS IS PART OF AN AGREEMENT FOR THEPURCHASE OF GOODS
1. SUPPLIERS WARRANTIES
(j) it will procure for Dimplex (unless otherwise agreed between the
Supplier and Dimplex in writing) all rights, licences, consents and permits
that Dimplex may require in order to use and enjoy the Goods in
accordance with the relevant Order;
(k) it will ensure that all Supplier Personnel:
(i) will, when present at an Dimplex or an Dimplex Group Member site,
comply with the applicable site security, health and safety, system usage
and other policies and procedures in force from time to time ; and
(ii) obey the reasonable instructions or requirements of Dimplex;
(l) it will ensure that the Supplier Personnel will at all times behave in a
courteous, professional and appropriate manner and that no Supplier
Personnel will act or make any statement or otherwise behave in any
manner that is reasonably likely to result in any prejudice to Dimplex or any
other Dimplex Group Member (including to its reputation);
(m) it will ensure that the Supplier Personnel have appropriate experience,
qualifications and expertise; and
(n ) it will ensure that the Documentation is accurate and correct;
PRUEBA 10
New Laws for 2009
Temporary Operating Permits (AB2241/Saldana)
This law restricts DMV from issuing temporary operating permits to
allow more time to obtain a smog certificate as part of the
registration renewal process. Under the law, extensions will cost $50
and are only allowed if the vehicle has been tested at a smog station
and failed. The extension can be for no more than 60 days from the
date registration is due. The $50 fee will be waived for owners
accepted into the Bureau of Automotive Repair Consumer Assistance
Program (CAP).
Unlicensed Car Dealers (AB 2042/Fuentes)
This new law allows law enforcement officers to impound vehicles that
are being sold by unlicensed dealers.
Counterfeit Clean Air Stickers (SB 1720/Lowenthal)
This new law will make it a crime to forge, counterfeit, or falsify a
Clean Air Sticker. These stickers are currently issued by DMV to
certain low emission vehicles and permit vehicles with these stickers
to be driven in the HOV lane.
Text Messaging (SB 28/Simitian)
PRUEBA 11
Treasury's bailout proposal
The legislative proposal was sent by the White House overnight to
lawmakers.
NEW YORK (CNNMoney.com) -- Here's the text of the legislative proposal sent by
the White House overnight to lawmakers:
LEGISLATIVE PROPOSAL FOR TREASURY AUTHORITY TO PURCHASE MORTGAGERELATED ASSETS
Section 1. Short Title.
This Act may be cited as ____________________.
Sec. 2. Purchases of Mortgage-Related Assets.
Sec. 6. Maximum Amount of Authorized Purchases.
The Secretary's authority to purchase mortgage-related assets under this Act shall
be limited to $700,000,000,000 outstanding at any one time
Sec. 7. Funding.
For the purpose of the authorities granted in this Act, and for the costs of
administering those authorities, the Secretary may use the proceeds of the sale of
any securities issued under chapter 31 of title 31, United States Code, and the
purposes for which securities may be issued under chapter 31 of title 31, United
States Code, are extended to include actions authorized by this Act, including the
payment of administrative expenses. Any funds expended for actions authorized by
this Act, including the payment of administrative expenses, shall be deemed
appropriated at the time of such expenditure.
Sec. 8. Review.
Decisions by the Secretary pursuant to the authority of this Act are non-reviewable
and committed to agency discretion, and may not be reviewed by any court of law
or any administrative agency.
The authorities under this Act, with the exception of authorities granted in sections
2(b)(5), 5 and 7, shall terminate two years from the date of enactment of this Act.
Subsection (b) of section 3101 of title 31, United States Code, is amended by
striking out the dollar limitation contained in such subsection and inserting in lieu
thereof $11,315,000,000,000.
The costs of purchases of mortgage-related assets made under section 2(a) of this
Act shall be determined as provided under the Federal Credit Reform Act of 1990,
as applicable.
instruments that are based on or related to such mortgages, that in each case was
originated or issued on or before September 17, 2008.
(3) United States.--The term "United States" means the States, territories, and
possessions of the United States and the District of Columbia.
First Published: September 20, 2008: 11:33 AM EDT11
PRUEBA 12
Publishing Contract
AGREEMENT
The author hereby grants and assigns to the Publisher the exclusive
rights to publish in the English language in book form in all countries
of the world, a Work now entitled <<Title of book>> (hereinafter
called the Work), which title may be changed only by mutual consent
in writing.
2. REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES
The Author represents that he is the sole proprietor of the Work and
that the Work to the best of his knowledge does not contain any
libelous matter and does not violate the civil rights of any person or
persons, does not infringe any existing copyright and has not
heretofore been published in book form. The Author shall hold
harmless and indemnify the publisher from any recovery finally
sustained by reason of any violations of copyright or other property of
personal right; provided, however, that the Publisher shall with all
reasonable promptness notify the Author of any claim or suit which
may involve the warranties of the Author hereunder; and the Author
Under existing law, the State Air Resources Board (state board), the
State Energy Resources Conservation and Development Commission
(Energy Commission), and the California Climate Action Registry all
have responsibilities with respect to the control of emissions of
greenhouse gases, as defined, and the Secretary for Environmental
Protection is required to coordinate emission reductions of
greenhouse gases and climate change activity in state government.
This bill would require the state board to adopt regulations to require
the reporting and verification of statewide greenhouse gas emissions
and to monitor and enforce compliance with this program, as
specified. The bill would require the state board to adopt a statewide
greenhouse gas emissions limit equivalent to the statewide
greenhouse gas emissions levels in 1990 to be achieved by 2020, as
specified. The bill would require the state board to adopt rules and
1. Every person has the right to a hearing, with due guarantees and within a
reasonable time, by a competent, independent, and impartial tribunal,
previously established by law, in the substantiation of any accusation of a
criminal nature made against him or for the determination of his rights and
obligations of a civil, labor, fiscal, or any other nature.
2. Every person accused of a criminal offense has the right to be presumed
innocent so long as his guilt has not been proven according to law. During
the proceedings, every person is entitled, with full equality, to the following
minimum guarantees:
a. the right of the accused to be assisted without charge by a translator or
interpreter, if he does not understand or does not speak the language of the
tribunal or court; .
PRUEBA 15
APPENDIX D:
The Court Interpreter
Amendments Act of 1988
TITLE VII COURT INTERPRETERS AMENDMENTS
SEC. 701. SHORT TITLE.
This title may be cited as the Court Interpreter Amendments Act of
1988.
SEC. 702. AUTHORITY OF THE DIRECTOR.
Section 1827(a) is amended to read as follows:
(a) The Director of the Administrative Office of the United Stastes Courts shall
establish a program to facilitate the use of certified and otherwise qualified
interpreters in judicial proceedings instituted by the United States.
SEC. 703. CERTIFICATION OF INTERPRETERS: OTHER QUALIFIED
INTERPRETERS.
Section 1827(b) is amended to read as follows:
(b) (1) The Director of the Administrative Office of the United States Courts
shall prescribe, determine, and certify the qualifications of persons who may
serve as certified interpreters, when the Director considers certification of
interpreters to be merited, for the hearing impaired (whether or not also speech
impaired) and persons who speak only or primarily a language other than the
English language, in judicial proceedings instituted by the United States. The
Director may certify interpreters for any language if the Director determines that
there is a need for certified interpreters in that language in that language. Upon
the request of the Judicial Conference of theUnited States for certified
interpreters in a language, the Director shall certify interpreters in that language.
Upon such a request from the judicial council of a circuit and the approval of the
Judicial Conference, the Director shall certify interpreters in the language
requested. The judicial council of a circuit shall identify and evaluate the needs
of the districts within a circuit. The Director shall certify interpreters based on
the results of criterion-referenced performance examinations. The Director shall
issue regulations to carry out this paragraph within 1 year after the date of the
enactment of the Judicial Improvements and Access to Justice Act.
Espaol-Ingls
PRUEBA 1
Es el procedimiento de control que se aplica al indicio material relacionado con el delito, desde su
localizacin por parte de una autoridad, hasta que ha sido valorado por los rganos de administrar
justicia y deja de ser til al proceso, y que tiene como fin no viciar el manejo que de l se haga para
evitar alteraciones, daos, sustitucin, contaminacin, destruccin, o cualquier accin que vare su
significado original. En resumen la cadena de custodia implica: Extraccin adecuada de la prueba:
El procedimiento e instrumentos por utilizar deben ser los idneos, vlidos y recomendados.
Preservacin: El medio en que es colocado debe asegurar que sus propiedades no se alteren, ya
sea por circunstancias naturales o artificiales. Individualizacin: Debe garantizarse que el indicio
este individualizado y registrado debidamente, de manera que no se produzca su combinacin o
confusin con otros del mismo u otro caso. Si es factible marcarla para su identificacin, deber
hacerse constar la seal o marca que puso. Transporte apropiado: La calidad del transporte debe
salvaguardar su integridad de manera que no sufra daos o alteraciones, ya sea por el movimiento
o cambios en el medio ambiente. Entrega controlada: Debe hacerse constar quin la encontr,
quin la recolect, dnde y que circunstancias. La posesin del indicio debe estar a cargo de
personas autorizadas y con capacidad tcnica para manipularla sin causar alteracin o destruccin.
Por otro lado Borbn (2002:44) sostiene lo siguiente:
Esta expresin lleva implcita la calidad o cualidad de la evidencia fsica. La custodia
debe garantizar al juzgador que la evidencia fsica, que se le presenta en el juicio, es
la misma que se recolect en el sitio del suceso; que no ha sido alterada, cambiada o
destruida; o bien, que fue analizada y se entreg su significado.
Para asegurar que lo anterior se lleve a cabo, se debe establecer un riguroso y
detallado registro, que identifique la evidencia y posesin de la misma, con una razn
que indique, lugar, hora, fecha, nombre y despacho u oficina.
PRUEBA 2
PRUEBA 3
ACUERDO No. 03 de 2010
(Marzo 1)
Por el cual se modifica el Artculo Sptimo y el numeral 5, del Artculo Trece del
Acuerdo No. 02 de 1992, Reglamento del Consejo Superior de la Judicatura
LA SALA PLENA
DEL CONSEJO SUPERIOR DE LA JUDICATURA
Confederacin sindical de
los trabajadores de las
Amricas
Confederacin Europea de
Sindicatos
Confederacin Sindical
Internacional
la
reunin
de
los
Jefes
de
Estado
las
siguientes
reivindicaciones:
1. Asumir las propuestas que la Confederacin Sindical Internacional (CSI)
viene planteando a los gobiernos (G-20) y a las instituciones financieras
mundiales como el Fondo Monetario Internacional (FMI) y el Banco Mundial
(BM) de estimulo de la economa para relanzar la creacin de empleo
decente y para el pleno cumplimiento de las normas fundamentales del
trabajo de la OIT. Entre estas medidas sealamos la propuesta de la CSI y
de la Agrupacin Global Unions de reforzar sistemas fiscales ms
progresivos, la lucha contra la evasin fiscal y los parasos fiscales. En
muchos pases se hace imprescindible la reforma de los sistemas tributarios
regresivos hacia modelos progresivos donde el impuesto a la renta sea la
principal fuente de recaudacin, y reducir los impuestos indirectos que
PRUEBA 5
Informe de Gestin de la Cmara de Comercio de Bogot
Responsabilidad Social Empresarial
La Responsabilidad Social hace parte de los valores institucionales de la
Cmara de Comercio de Bogot, por lo tanto nuestra organizacin, la ha
adoptado como la bsqueda permanente del mejoramiento social,
empresarial, comunitario y del medio ambiente, a travs del compromiso de
sus colaboradores, la comunidad local y la sociedad en general, mediante
labores enfocadas al mejoramiento de la calidad de vida de Bogot y su
regin.
La Cmara de Comercio de Bogot publica su primer informe de
sostenibilidad correspondiente al perodo 20052007, donde se refleja el
compromiso e inters de la organizacin por contribuir al desarrollo
sostenible y al logro de los Objetivos de Desarrollo del Milenio. Este informe
respalda todas las acciones que en materia econmica, ambiental y social
adelanta la organizacin, adems de las ya mencionadas en nuestro informe
de gestin del ao 2007.
Fortaleciendo lo anterior, la institucin firm su adhesin en el 2007, al
Pacto Mundial de Naciones Unidas, considerada la mayor red en el mundo
orientada a la promocin de los 10 principios fundamentales en derechos
humanos, derechos laborales, medio ambiente y corrupcin. Es nuestro
compromiso vincularnos de manera voluntaria a esta red, conscientes que
con nuestro respaldo y ejemplo, estaremos contribuyendo al mejoramiento
de la calidad de vida de nuestros ciudadanos, preparndolos para afrontar
los nuevos retos que plantea la globalizacin.
Por lo anterior la entidad adopt el modelo del Global Reporting
Initiative (GRI), para este reporte que compete 3 frentes de diagnstico:
econmico, ambiental y social.
2. AMBIENTAL
Para nuestra entidad la responsabilidad ambiental se representa en el
impacto que su contribucin realiza en los sistemas naturales vivos e
inertes, incluidos los ecosistemas, el suelo, el aire y el agua. Tambin los
considerados los flujos de entrada como materiales, energa y agua; y
PRUEBA 6
RESOLUCION 2543 DE 1984
(diciembre 14)
por el cual se sealan los trmites para la aprobacin de los contratos
de exploracin y explotacin de hidrocarburos.
El Ministro de Minas y Energa, en uso de sus facultades legales, y
CONSIDERANDO:
Que los contratos para explorar y explotar hidrocarburos que celebre la
Empresa xxxxxxxxxx, requieren ser aprobados mediante resolucin
legales
explotacin,
procesamiento
reglamentarias
transporte,
comercializacin
de
relacionadas
refinacin,
los
recursos
con
la
distribucin,
naturales
no
renovables,
RESUELVE:
Artculo 1o. Resolucin MinMinas 2543 de 1984. Los contratos para
exploracin
xxxxxxxxxxxxx,
explotacin
requieren
petrolfera
para
su
que
validez
celebre
la
la
Empresa
aprobacin
mediante
el Decreto
2310
de
explotaciones
PRUEBA 7
4. La Fiducia:
Contrato por el cual, una persona llamada Fiduciante o
Fideicomitente, transfiere uno o ms bienes especificados a otra,
llamada Fiduciario, quien se obliga a administrarlos o enajenarlos
para cumplir una finalidad determinada por el constituyente, en
provecho de ste o de un tercero, llamado Beneficiario o
Fideicomisario.
Es un acto expresamente regulado en la legislacin mercantil, que
ofrece mltiples posibilidades para el desarrollo de todo tipo de
negocios, representando varias ventajas de ndole prctico:
a) Con los bienes aportados se constituye un patrimonio
autnomo, afectado a la sola finalidad especfica determinada por
el fideicomitente, que en si mismo deja de ser prenda general de
los acreedores de ste ltimo;
b) No se constituye una nueva persona jurdica;
c) No se crea un contribuyente individual del impuesto sobre la
renta;
d) No se configuran obligaciones autnomas, puesto que el
contrato no da lugar al nacimiento de un nuevo sujeto del
derecho.Los principios reguladores de este tipo de actos
jurdicos son fundamentalmente los siguientes:
Los principios reguladores de este tipo de actos jurdicos son
fundamentalmente los siguientes:
1. Salvo la necesidad de que conste por escrito, no est sujeto
en su formacin a solemnidades especficas;
2. Sirve como ttulo para transferir la propiedad sobre bienes
inmuebles;
3. Una misma persona puede ser al mismo tiempo fiduciante y
beneficiario;
4. Solamente las entidades expresamente autorizadas para el
efecto y vigiladas por la autoridad competente, pueden
desempear el papel de fiduciario;
5. Los bienes objeto de la fiducia no forman parte de la garanta
general de los acreedores del fiduciario.
PRUEBA 8
CIRCULAR 096 DE 2008 - (16 de octubre de 2008)
ASUNTO: Consideraciones de la DIAN respecto de la Ley 1231 de 2008.
Con el fin de brindar orientacin sobre los efectos tributarios de la Ley 1231 de
2008, que unifica la factura como ttulo valor, a continuacin se sealan los criterios
para su aplicacin en materia tributaria.
3. En cuanto al impuesto de timbre, regulado en el libro cuarto del Estatuto
Tributario, que consagra de manera general la causacin de dicho impuesto y como
excepcin la exencin del mismo, establece en el numeral 8 del artculo 530 la
siguiente:
PRUEBA 9
DIARIO OFICIAL 45.980
LEY 975 DE 2005
(julio 25)
por la cual se dictan disposiciones para la reincorporacin de
miembros de grupos armados organizados al margen de la ley,
que contribuyan de manera efectiva a la consecucin de la paz nacional y
se dictan otras disposiciones para acuerdos humanitarios.
El Congreso de Colombia
DECRETA:
Principios y definiciones
Artculo 1. Objeto de la presente ley. La presente ley tiene por objeto
facilitar los procesos de paz y la reincorporacin individual o colectiva a la
vida civil de miembros de grupos armados al margen de la ley, garantizando
los derechos de las vctimas a la verdad, la justicia y la reparacin.
Se entiende por grupo armado organizado al margen de la ley, el grupo de
guerrilla o de autodefensas, o una parte significativa e integral de los
mismos como bloques, frentes u otras modalidades de esas mismas
organizaciones, de las que trate la Ley 782 de 2002.
Artculo 2. Ambito de la ley, interpretacin y aplicacin normativa. La
presente ley regula lo concerniente a la investigacin, procesamiento,
sancin y beneficios judiciales de las personas vinculadas a grupos armados
organizados al margen de la ley, como autores o partcipes de hechos
delictivos cometidos durante y con ocasin de la pertenencia a esos grupos,
que hubieren decidido desmovilizarse y contribuir decisivamente a la
reconciliacin nacional.
La interpretacin y aplicacin de las disposiciones previstas en esta ley
debern realizarse de conformidad con las normas constitucionales y los
tratados internacionales ratificados por Colombia. La incorporacin de
algunas
disposiciones
internacionales
en
la
presente
ley,
no
debe
que
hayan
sufrido
lesiones
transitorias
permanentes
que
PRUEBA 10
FINAGRO
FONDO PARA EL FINANCIAMIENTO DEL SECTOR
PROGRAMA NACIONAL DE REACTIVACIN CAFETERA PRAN
CAFETERO
PROGRAMA DEL GOBIERNO NACIONAL ADMINISTRADO POR
FINAGRO
Bogot, D.C., 28 de junio de 2003
Seor:
XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX
Identificacin: XXXXXXXX
Municipio de XXXXXXX, Finca XXXXXX, Vereda XXXXX
Comit Departamental XXXXXXX
Apreciado Seor:
Le informamos que a partir del 6 de mayo de 2003, usted es deudor
del Programa Nacional de Reactivacin Cafetera PRAN Cafetero y
que su pagar se identifica con el nmero 95115419, en virtud de la
compraventa de cartera celebrada entre el Fondo para el
Financiamiento del Sector Agropecuario, FINAGRO, y la Federacin
Nacional de Cafeteros, y que su obligacin tiene un plazo total de 10
aos, que incluye un periodo de gracia de 3 aos sin causacin de
intereses.
Su obligacin asciende a $5.834.586.86 y el plan de pago
correspondiente se le har llegar oportunamente, en el cual se
incluir el valor correspondiente al pago del 5 10% establecido
como requisito para acceder al programa, en caso de haber solicitado
plazo para su pago, y el valor correspondiente a la prima de seguro
de vida de deudores del segundo ao, que asciende a la suma de
$42.289.08, que deber cancelar antes del 6 de mayo de 2004.
De otra parte, le comunicamos que el Decreto 967 de 2000 establece
como beneficio adicional el sistema de prepago, consistente en que
durante el perodo de gracia las sumas pagadas se computarn por el
doble de su valor, de tal manera que si durante el mismo usted
cancela el 50% del valor de su obligacin, equivalente a
$2.771.428.50, le ser condonado el 50% restante.
En el mismo sentido, al vencimiento del periodo de gracia, el prepago
consistir en que se computarn por el doble las sumas pagadas que
excedan el valor de la cuota respectiva.
Dado lo anterior, le manifestamos que si usted desea cancelar el valor
total de su obligacin, acogindose al beneficio antes mencionado,
deber cancelar la suma de $2.771.428.50 ms el valor de
$291.729.86, correspondiente al pago previo del 5 10%, para un
total de $3.063.158.36.
Los respectivos pagos podrn ser realizados en las siguientes
entidades financieras a nombre de FINAGRO PRAN CAFETERO:
PRUEBA 11
Nuevos enfoques
La tendencia reciente a ubicar la discusin dentro de lo que podra llamarse 'la
economa de las drogas' ofrece una perspectiva ms objetiva para plantear el
problema en un escenario menos comprometido emocionalmente con los
prejuicios morales y los intereses polticos que polarizan la discusin entre el
prohibicionismo fundamentalista y la legalizacin libertaria. El examen
econmico del problema lleva a conclusiones sorprendentes. Por ejemplo,
que los intereses que animan a los narcotraficantes y las agencias que los
persiguen se confundan en el riesgo que los primeros generan y las
segundas aumentan. En otras palabras, las organizaciones criminales que
operan el negocio incrementan sus utilidades y consolidan su poder
monoplico ante una mayor represin y en presencia de unos consumidores
que no responden de manera elstica a las variaciones de los precios.
Una mayor interdiccin no eleva el precio ni deprime el consumo de las
drogas, porque los narcotraficantes reaccionan con rapidez colocando sus
inventarios en el mercado y utilizando rutas alternativas de exportacin y
distribucin al menudeo. La falta de informacin asequible, sistemtica y
confiable sobre las drogas es uno de los principales problemas que se
encuentran al efectuar el examen econmico sobre ellas.
Las agencias encargadas de la fiscalizacin han terminado por construir sus
propios sistemas autorreferentes de informacin, que se refuerzan a s mismos
para justificar la permanencia en la guerra de quienes los manejan. En
Colombia hemos sido vctimas de este problema con las informaciones
sobre reduccin de cultivos ilcitos, que varan segn los distintos
satlites internacionales que las agencias empleen en funcin de sus propios
intereses.
PRUEBA 12
ORGANIZACIN MUNDIAL
DEL COMERCIO
WT/L/304
17 de junio de 1999
(99-2452)
[1]
PRUEBA 13
PRUEBA 14
PRUEBA 15
REPBLICA DE COLOMBIA
MINISTERIO DE LA PROTECCIN SOCIAL
RESOLUCIN NMERO
938
(
30 MARZO 2007
DE 2007
)
Que el artculo 221 de la Ley 100 establece que los recursos del Fondo de
Solidaridad y Garanta, cofinancian con los Entes Territoriales, los subsidios
a los usuarios afiliados, segn las normas del rgimen subsidiado;
Que el artculo 50 de la Ley 715 de 2001 establece que los recursos de
cofinanciacin de la Nacin destinados a la atencin en salud de la poblacin
pobre mediante subsidios a la demanda, debern distribuirse entre los entes
territoriales de acuerdo a las necesidades de cofinanciacin de la afiliacin
alcanzada en la vigencia anterior, una vez descontados los recursos del
Sistema General de Participaciones en Salud y los recursos propios
destinados a financiar la continuidad de cobertura.
Que mediante Acuerdo No. 353 el Consejo Nacional de Seguridad Social en
Salud aprob el Presupuesto del Fondo de Solidaridad y Garanta FOSYGA
para la vigencia fiscal de 2007, destinndose $116.000.000.000 para el
proyecto Ampliacin y Renovacin de la afiliacin del Rgimen SubsidiadoSubcuenta de Solidaridad Fosyga-Atencin a la Poblacin Desplazada-APDa
nivel nacional.
Que el literal a) del artculo 8. del Acuerdo No. 353 del Consejo Nacional de
Seguridad Social en Salud establece: Recursos destinados a la renovacin
de la afiliacin al rgimen subsidiado. Los recursos requeridos para financiar
la continuidad de la poblacin afiliada se asignarn entre las entidades
territoriales de acuerdo con lo establecido en los artculos 48, 50 y 70 de la
Ley 715 de 2001 y lo establecido en los Artculos 11 y 14 de la Ley 1122
de 2007. Para la asignacin se calcular el costo de la afiliacin con base en
los afiliados reportados al Ministerio de la Proteccin Social en los contratos
de aseguramiento suscritos antes del 31 de diciembre de 2006 y la
Unidad de Pago por Capitacin del rgimen subsidiado vigente para cada
entidad territorial.
Igualmente, el Ministerio asignar los recursos necesarios para garantizar la
continuidad de la afiliacin de la poblacin beneficiaria del rgimen
subsidiado en los casos en que durante la vigencia fiscal se defina el retiro
del Rgimen Subsidiado de alguna Caja de Compensacin Familiar.
PRUEBA 15
REPBLICA DE COLOMBIA
MINISTERIO DE LA PROTECCIN SOCIAL
RESOLUCIN NMERO
938
(
30 MARZO 2007
DE 2007
)