Amazon EC2 Cost Comparison Calculator

Amazon EC2 Cost Comparison Calcul
Contents
Amazon EC2 Cost Comparison Calculator. Go to "Main" tab to begin
Publish Date
Original: December 7, 2009. Revised: February 1, 2010
Go to http://aws.amazon.com/economics for the most current version.
Additional References
For more information on how to use the Amazon EC2 Cost Comparison Calculator, consult the User Gu
Comparison Calculator, at http://aws.amazon.com/economics
AWS Economics Center
User Guide: Amazon EC2 Cost Comparison Calculator
Amazon EC2 Detail Page
Notices
2010 Amazon.com, Inc., or its affiliates. This workbook and accompanying user guide is provided fo
Amazon Web Services LLC is not responsible for any damages related to the information in these docu
is without warranty of any kind, whether express, implied, or statutory. Nothing in this workbook or a
creates any warranties or representations from Amazon Web Services LLC, its affiliates, suppliers, or l
accompanying user guide do not modify the applicable terms and conditions governing your use of Am
technologies, including the Amazon Web Services website. This workbook and accompanying user gui
Services' current product offerings as of the date of issue and are subject to change without notice.
Main
Amazon EC2 Cost Comparison Calculator
This tab compares the annual cost of Amazon Elastic Compute Cloud (EC2) with the annual cost of co-located and on-site corporate data centers.
Compare the annual cost of Amazon EC2 with an equivalent deployment in co-located and on-site data centers by entering a few basic inputs. Default assumptions are based on industry
data and AWS customer research. All assumptions can be edited by users. For more detail, users can go to the "Amazon EC2," "Co-Lo," and "On-Site" tabs to view detailed calculations or
edit default assumptions for each scenario.
Instructions
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
Value
Annual Total Cost of Ownership (TCO) Summary
= User Inputs
Select Region and operating system of instances

Enter number of baseline instances (to meet minimum demand)
Enter additional number of peak instances (to meet maximum demand)
Enter percentage of time each year baseline instances are used (i.e. 75%)
Enter percentage of time each year peak instances are used (i.e. 10%)
Enter avg. monthly data transfer "In" to instances from the Internet
Enter avg. monthly data transfer "Out" from instances to the Internet
Amazon EC2 (On-Demand Instances Only)
$229,675
Amazon EC2 (w/ 1 Year Reserved Instances)*
$189,817
Amazon EC2 (w/ 3 Year Reserved Instances)*
$156,567
Co-Location
$1,470,070
On-Site
$2,572,634
Region and Operating System

(1)
Region
Operating System
US East (Northern Virginia)

Linux/Unix
Size of Deployment/Utilization
Amazon EC2 Instance Type
Standard Small
Standard Large
Standard Extra Large
High-Memory Double Extra Large
High-Memory Quadruple Extra Large
High-CPU Medium
High-CPU Extra Large

Standard Small
Standard Large
High-CPU Medium
Total Deployment/Average Utilization
* Amazon EC2 users can choose to pay on-demand instance usage charges, or to pay a one-time fee to reserve the right to
run instances (for 1 or 3 years) at significantly reduced hourly rates. The Amazon EC2 Cost Comparison Calculator assumes
Reserved Instances will be used for "baseline" instance usage, and On-Demand Instances will be used for "peak" instance
usage. (Note: Spot Instances are not included in this analysis.)
(2)
(3)
No. of Baseline
Instances
Annual
Utilization
300
0
0
0
0
0
0
(4)
75%
75%
75%
75%
75%
75%
75%
(5)
No. of Peak
Instances
Annual
Utilization
700
0
0
0
0
0
0
10%
10%
10%
10%
10%
10%
10%
1,000
30%
Cost Components
Amazon EC2
On-Demand +
Reserved Instances
1.1 Instance Fees and

Usage
Co-Location
2.1
2.2
2.3
2.4
2.5
2.6
2.7
Data Transfer

Standard Small
Standard Large
High-CPU Medium
(6)
(7)
Avg. Monthly
Data Transfer
"In" Per Instance
(GB)
Avg. Monthly
Data Transfer
"Out" Per
Instance (GB)
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
2,950
5,900
Server Hardware
Network Hardware
Hardware Maintenance
Operating System
Co-Location Expense
Remote Hands Support
Data Transfer
On-Site
3.1 Server Hardware
3.2 Network Hardware
3.3 Hardware Maintenance
3.4 Operating System
3. 5 Power and Cooling
3.6 Data Center Construction
3.7 Administration
Total Monthly Data Transfer (GB)
3.8 Data Transfer
1. Amazon Elastic Compute Cloud (EC2)

Detailed Assumptions and Calculations
This tab highlights the assumptions and calculations used to determine the total annual cost of ownership of Amazon EC2.
TCO AMAZON EC2

Amazon EC2 can be purchased using several different pricing options: 1) On-demand Instances, 2) 1 Year Reserved Instances, 3) 3 Year Reserved Instances, or d) Spot Instances*
On-Demand Instances Annual Cost
1.1 On-demand Instance Usage
$219,055
Usage of 2,577,120 on-demand instance hours at an average price of $0.09 per hour
1.2 Data Transfer
$10,620
Monthly upload of 2,950 GB, at $0.00 per GB; monthly download of 5,900 GB, at average price of $0.15 per GB
$229,675
1 Year Reserved Instances Annual Cost
1.1a Reserved Instance Fees
$68,250
1.1b Reserved Instance Usage
$58,968
1.1c On-demand Instance Usage
$51,979
1.2 Data Transfer
$10,620
$189,817
Explanation
One-time fee for 300 reserved instances, at an average price of $227.50 per reserved instance
Usage of 1,965,600 reserved instance hours (300 reserved instances) at an average price of $0.03 per hour
Usage of 611,520 on-demand instance hours (700 on-demand instances) at an average price of $0.09 per hour
3 Year Reserved Instances Annual Cost

1.1a Reserved Instance Fees
$35,000
1.1b Reserved Instance Usage
$58,968
1.1c On-demand Instance Usage
$51,979
1.2 Data Transfer
$10,620
$156,567
Explanation
One-time fee for 300 reserved instances, at an average price of $350.00 per reserved instance, divided by 3 years
Usage of 1,965,600 reserved instance hours (300 reserved instances) at an average price of $0.03 per hour
Usage of 611,520 on-demand instance hours (700 on-demand instances) at an average price of $0.09 per hour
* Spot Instances are not currently evaluted in the Amazon EC2 Cost Comparison Calculator. To estimate cost of running Spot
Instances, users can edit the On-Demand prices below. See the User Guide for more information.
Note: All assumptions can be edited below
CALCULATIONS/ASSUMPTIONS
Value
1.1 Instance Hours
= User Inputs
Annual Expense with On-Demand Pricing

Annual Expense (On-Demand Pricing)
$219,055
Total hours of instance usage multiplied by instance hour price
On-Demand Pricing
The annual instance cost is the total annual hours of instance usage multiplied by the hourly cost of Amazon EC2. The hourly price is determined by the user-defined instance type,
region, and operating system.
Standard Small
Standard Large
High-CPU Medium
Standard Small
Standard Large
High-CPU Medium
No. of Baseline Instances*

+ No. of Peak Instances*
=
300
700
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
300
700
Maximium
Instances
Needed
1,000
0
0
0
0
0
0
1000
Average Annual Usage

Average
of Baseline
Annual
Instances*
Usage of Peak Instances*
75%
10%
75%
10%
75%
10%
75%
10%
75%
10%
75%
10%
75%
10%
On-Demand Instance Pricing

US-N. California Region
Linux/Unix
Windows
$0.095
$0.13
$0.38
$0.52
$0.76
$1.04
$1.34
$1.58
$2.68
$3.16
$0.19
$0.31
$0.76
$1.24
US-N. Virginia Region

Linux/Unix
Windows
$0.085
$0.12
$0.34
$0.48
$0.68
$0.96
$1.20
$1.44
$2.40
$2.88
$0.17
$0.29
$0.68
$1.16
EU-Ireland Region
Linux/Unix
Windows
$0.095
$0.12
$0.38
$0.48
$0.76
$0.96
$1.34
$1.44
$2.68
$2.88
$0.19
$0.29
$0.76
$1.16
Hourly Price*
$0.085
$0.340
$0.680
$1.200
$2.400
$0.170
$0.680
* User Selected:
Region:
US East (Northern Virginia)
OS:
Linux/Unix
* User inputs from "Main" tab
Hours of
Baseline
Usage*
1,965,600
0
0
0
0
0
0
1,965,600
Standard Small
Standard Large
High-CPU Medium
Hours of Peak
Usage**
611,520
0
0
0
0
0
0
611,520
Billable Hours
of Instance
Usage
2,577,120
0
0
0
0
0
0
2,577,120
Price per EC2

Instance Hour =
$0.085
$0.34
$0.68
$1.20
$2.40
$0.17
$0.68
Total Annual
Instance
Expense
$219,055
$0
$0
$0
$0
$0
$0
$219,055
* Number of Baseline Instances x Average Annual Usage of Baseline Instances x 8,736 hours per year (24 hours x 7 days x 52 weeks)
** Number of Peak Instances x Average Annual Usage of Peak Instances x 8,736 hours per year (24 hours x 7 days x 52 weeks)
Annual Expense with Reserved Pricing

One-Time Reserve Fee
Annual Usage Expense (Reserved Pricing)
Annual Usage Expense (On-Demand Pricing)
Total
1 Year
$68,250
$58,968
$51,979
$179,197
* The 3-year one-time reserve fee is annualized over three years
Reserved Instance Pricing
3 Year
$35,000 *
$58,968
$51,979
$145,947
Number of baseline instances multiplied by one-time reserve fee*

Hours of baseline instance usage multiplied by hourly reserved instance price
Hours of peak instance usage multiplied by hourly on-demand instance price
This section calculates the cost of Amazon EC2 for scenarios where 1 Year and 3 Year Reserved Instances are purchased for baseline instance usage. The total cost of reserved instances
is calculated by summing a) the one-time initial reserve fees for baseline instances, b) the cost of baseline instance hour usage at reserved instance usage prices, and c) the cost of
peak server usage at on-demand instance prices.
Standard Small
Standard Large
High-CPU Medium
No. of
Baseline
Instances*
300
0
0
0
0
0
0
No. of Peak
Instances*
700
0
0
0
0
0
0
Average
Annual Usage
of Baseline
Instances*
75%
75%
75%
75%
75%
75%
75%
Maximium
Instances
Needed
1,000
0
0
0
0
0
0
Annual Usage
of Peak
Instances*
10%
10%
10%
10%
10%
10%
10%
* User inputs from "Main" tab
Standard Small
Standard Large
High-CPU Medium
Reserved Instance Pricing (Linux/Unix only)

US-N.
US-N. Virginia
California
One-Time Payment
Region
Region
1 Year
3 Year
Price/Hr
Price/Hr
$227.50
$350
$0.03
$0.04
$910
$1,400
$0.12
$0.16
$1,820
$2,800
$0.24
$0.32
$3,185
$4,900
$0.42
$0.56
$6,370
$9,800
$0.84
$1.12
$455
$700
$0.06
$0.08
$1,820
$2,800
$0.24
$0.32
EU-Ireland
Region
Price/Hr
$0.04
$0.16
$0.32
$0.56
$1.12
$0.08
$0.32
a) Initial Reserve Expense
Standard Small
Standard Large
High-CPU Medium
No. of Baseline
Instances
300
0
0
0
0
0
0
300
Reserved
Instance Price
(1 Year)
&
$228
$910
$1,820
$3,185
$6,370
$455
$1,820
Reserved
Instance Price
(3 Year)
=
$350
$1,400
$2,800
$4,900
$9,800
$700
$2,800
One-Time
Expense (1
Year Reserve) &
$68,250
$0
$0
$0
$0
$0
$0
$68,250
One-Time
Expense (3
Year Reserve*)
$35,000
$0
$0
$0
$0
$0
$0
$35,000
*Note: One-Time Expense (3 Year Reserve) is divided by 3 (years) to determine annual initial reserve expense
b) Baseline (Reserved Instance) Usage Expense
Standard Small
Standard Large
High-CPU Medium
Hours of
Baseline
Instance
Usage*
1,965,600
0
0
0
0
0
0
1,965,600
Price per EC2

Instance Hour
(Reserve
Pricing)
$0.03
$0.12
$0.24
$0.42
$0.84
$0.06
$0.24
Annual Usage
Expense
(Reserved
Instances)
$58,968
$0
$0
$0
$0
$0
$0
$58,968
* Number of Baseline Instances x Average Annual Usage of Baseline Instances x 8,736 hours per year (24 hours x 7 days x 52 weeks)
c) Peak (On-Demand Instance) Usage Expense
Standard Small
Standard Large
High-CPU Medium
Hours of Peak
Usage**
611,520
0
0
0
0
0
0
611,520
On-Demand
Price per EC2
Instance Hour
$0.09
$0.34
$0.68
$1.20
$2.40
$0.17
$0.68
Annual Usage
Expense (OnDemand
Instances)
$51,979
$0
$0
$0
$0
$0
$0
$51,979
** Number of Peak Instances x Average Annual Usage of Peak Instances x 8,736 hours per year (24 hours x 7 days x 52 weeks)
1.2 Data Transfer

Data Transfer "In"
Annual Upload Expense
$0
Monthly Upload
(GB)
2,950
Monthly cost of data transfer (upload) multiplied by 12 (months/year)
Monthly
Upload Price per =
GB per
Bandwidth
Month Cost
$0.00
$0
Months per
Year
12
Annual
Expense
$0
Data Transfer "Out"

Annual Download Expense
$10,620
Monthly
Download (GB)
5,900
Monthly cost of data transfer (download) multiplied by 12 (months/year)
Download by Price Tier

First 10 TB per Month
Next 40 TB per Month
Next 100 TB per Month
Over 150 TB per Month
Monthly
Download (GB)
5,900.0
0
0
0
5,900.0
Copyright 2010 Amazon Web Services, All Rights Reserved
Monthly
Download Price per GB
Bandwidth
per Month
Cost
$0.15
$885
$0.11
$0
$0.09
$0
$0.08
$0
$885
Months per
Year
12
12
12
12
Annual
Expense
$10,620
$0
$0
$0
$10,620
2. Co-Location
This tab highlights the assumptions and calculations used to determine the annual cost of operating hardware in co-located data centers. All default assumptions can be edited.
TCO CO-LOCATION
2.1 Server Hardware
2.5 Co-Location Expense
2.6 Remote Hands Support
2.7 Data Transfer
Annual Cost
$121,000
$24,200
$43,560
$0
$1,243,200
$15,000
$23,110
$1,470,070
Explanation
Purchase price of 1,000 total servers ($363,000) divided by useful life of 3 years
Purchase price of 1,000 total servers ($363,000) multiplied by 20%, divided by useful life of 3 years
Purchase price of server and network hardware ($435,600) multipled by 10% annual maintenance fee
Purchase price of OS (@ $0 per server) multiplied by 1,000 servers divided by useful life of 3 years
Assumes 1,260 rack units (U); initial non-recurring cost of $80 per U and monthly recurring cost of $80 per U
Assumes 10% annual server failure rate, 1 repair hour per failure, and a repair rate of $150 per hour
Assumes peak monthly transfer of 27.5 mbps charged at $70 per Mb per month
Value
2.1 Server Hardware

Initial Capital Expense
Annualized Expense
Standard Small
Standard Large
High-CPU Medium
$363,000
$121,000
No. of Steady
State Servers
300
0
0
0
0
0
0
= User Inputs
Number of servers multiplied by server unit cost

Initial capital cost divided by hardware useful life
No. of Peak
Servers
700
0
0
0
0
0
0
x
Total Number of Servers
Cost per Server =
1,000
$363
0
$1,452
0
$2,903
0
$6,473
0
$12,946
0
$682
0
$2,726
1,000
Initial Capital
Expense
$363,000
$0
$0
$0
$0
$0
$0
$363,000
Annual Server
Server Useful Life (Years)Expense
$121,000
$0
$0
$0
3 Years
$0
$0
$0
$121,000
(Note: No. of steady state and peak servers is derived from user inputs on "Main" tab)

Annualized Expense
Network Hardware
$72,600
$24,200
Initial Server
Cost
$363,000
Initial capital cost of servers multiplied by network cost (%)

Annual
Initial Capital
Network
Network Cost (% of
= InitialExpense
Server Cost) Network Useful Life
= (Years)
Expense
20%
$72,600
3 Years
$24,200

Annual Maintenance Expense
Annual Hardware Maintenance
$43,560
Initial Server
Cost
363,000
Initial capital cost of hardware (servers & network) multiplied by annual maintenance cost (%)
Initial Network
=
Cost
$72,600
Total Hardware
Cost
$435,600
Annual
Maintenance
= CostExpense
Annual Maintenance
(%)
10%
$43,560
2.4 Software Operating System

Annualized Expense
$0
$0
Number of servers multiplied by server software unit cost

Initial capital cost divided by server useful life
OS Cost per Server

$0
$2,999
Linux/Unix
Windows
Operating System
Total Number
of Servers
1,000
Operating
System Cost
per Server
$0
<--User selected 'Linux/Unix' on the 'Overview' tab. This value ($0) will be used.
Initial Expense
$0
Server Useful
Life (Years)*
3 Years
Annual
Expense
$0
* From above section 2.1, above
2.5 Co-Location Expense

Step 1: Determine the number of rack units (U) needed
Number of U Needed (Power)
Number of U Needed (Space)
1,260
1,000
Maximum server power usage divided by user-defined power per rack U (in watts)
Total number of rack units (U) based on server size
Rack U Needed (Max Power/Space)
1,260
Number of rack U needed based on the greater of power and space demand
Note: The number of rack units (U) needed is based on either the space needs of the servers or the power needs of the servers, whichever is greater.
Standard Small
Standard Large
Total Number
of Servers
1,000
0
0
0
0
(C) Copyright 2009, Amazon Web Services, All Rights Reserved
Total Power
Nameplate Power=per Usage
Server (Watts)
(Watts)
150
150,000
240
0
391
0
515
0
630
0
Rack U Needed
Power per Rack U =
(Watts)(Power)
119
1,260
High-CPU Medium
0
0
1,000
Standard Small
Standard Large
High-CPU Medium
Total Number
of Servers
1,000
0
0
0
0
0
0
1,000
289
309
0
0
150,000
Rack U Needed
= U)
Server Space (Rack
(Space)
1
1,000
2
0
2
0
2
0
2
0
1
0
2
0
1,000
Max
1,260
Rack Units
Step 2: Determine the total co-location cost

Initial Co-Location Setup Fee
Annualized Expense
On-going Co-location Expense
Total Annual Co-Location Expense
$100,800
$33,600
Number of RUs multiplied by user-defined co-location set-up fee per rack U

Initial co-location setup fee divided by server useful life
$1,209,600
Number of rack U needed multiplied by user-defined monthly fee per rack U multiplied by 12 (months/year)
$1,243,200
Sum of annualized non-recurring set-up fees and monthly reocurring monthly fees
Rack U Needed
1,260
Total Set-up
= Fee (perFee
Initial Co-Lo Set-up
U)
$80
$100,800
Co-lo Non-Recurring Cost (NRC)
Rack U Needed
1,260
Monthly Co-Lo
Monthly Co-Lo Fee=(Per U)Expense
$80
$100,800
Co-lo Monthly Recurring Cost (MRC)
Server Useful
Life
3
Months/Year
12
Annual
Expense
$33,600
Annual
Expense
$1,209,600
2.6 Remote Hands Support

Annual Expense
$15,000
Total Number
of Servers
1,000
Annual Maintenance Cost
Number of servers multiplied by user-defined annual failure rate, hours/failure, and smart-hands cost/hour
Annual
x Repair
x Remote Hands Cost
= per Hour
Annual Server Failure
Rate Hours per Failure
Expense
10%
1
$150
$15,000
2.7 Data Transfer

Total Annual Bandwith Expense
$23,110
[ Upload (GB)
Bandwidth Usage
Monthly bandwidth cost multiplied by 12 (months/year)
2,950
Download (GB) ]
5,900
Megabits per GB Seconds per Month

=
8,192
2,635,200
Monthly
Average Mbps x
27.5
Peak/Average Ratio
=
1.0
The co-lo pricing tiers below allows to define different prices for varying levels of data transfer. Tiers should be in ascending order.
Co-Lo Pricing Tiers
0 - 1 Mbps
1 - 5 Mbps
5 - 10 Mbps
10 - 30 Mbps
30 - 50 Mbps
50 - 100 Mbps
100 - 150 Mbps
> 150 Mbps
Bandwidth Expense
Tier
0
1
5
10
30
50
100
150
Price per Mb/sec

$100
$80
$75
$70
$60
$50
$40
$30
Peak Mbps
27.5
Price per
Mb/sec
$70.00
(C) Copyright 2009, Amazon Web Services, All Rights Reserved
<---This pricing tier will be used based on monthly peak mbps of 27.5
Monthly Cost
$1,926
Months per
Year
12
Total
$23,110
Peak Mbps
27.5
3. On-Site
This tab highlights the assumptions and calculations used to determine the annual cost of operating hardware in on-site data centers. All default assumptions can be edited.
TCO ON-SITE
3.1 Server Hardware
3. 5 Power and Cooling
3.7 Administration
3.8 Data Transfer
Annual Cost
$121,000
$24,200
$43,560
$0
$147,420
$128,200
$2,100,000
$8,254
$2,572,634
Explanation
Purchase price of 1,000 total servers ($363,000) divided by useful life of 3 years
Purchase price of 1,000 total servers ($363,000) multiplied by 20% divided by useful life of 3 years
Purchase price of server and network hardware ($435,600) multipled by 10% annual maintenance fee
Purchase price of Linux/Unix OS (@ $0 per server) multiplied by 1,000 servers divided by useful life of 3 years
Assumes power/cooling for 1,000 servers, with a data center PUE of 2.5 and electricity price of $0.09 per kW hour
Assumes $23,000 per kW of redundant IT power and $300 per sq ft of space divided by useful life of 15 years
Assumes 1 FTE per 50 servers at an annual salary of $105,000 per year
Assumes peak monthly data transfer of 27.5 mbps charged at $25 per Mb per month
Value
3.1 Server Hardware

Annualized Expense
Standard Small
Standard Large
High-CPU Medium
$363,000
$121,000
No. of Steady
State Servers*
300
0
0
0
0
0
0
= User Inputs
Number of servers multiplied by server unit cost

No. of Peak
Servers*
700
0
0
0
0
0
0
x
Cost per Server =
1,000
$363
0
$1,452
0
$2,903
0
$6,473
0
$12,946
0
$682
0
$2,726
1,000
Initial Cost
$363,000
$0
$0
$0
$0
$0
$0
$363,000
Annual Server
Server Useful Life (Years)Expense
$121,000
$0
$0
$0
3 Years
$0
$0
$0
$121,000
(Note: No. of steady state and peak servers is derived from user inputs on "Main" tab)

Annualized Expense
Network Hardware
$72,600
$24,200
Initial Server
Cost
$363,000
Initial capital cost of servers multiplied by network cost (%)

Annual
Initial Network
Network
Network Cost (% of
= Initial Server
Cost Cost) Network Useful Life
= (Years)
Expense
20%
$72,600
3 Years
$24,200

Annual Maintenance Expense
Annual Hardware Maintenance
$43,560
Initial Server
Cost
363,000
Initial capital cost of hardware (servers & network) multiplied by annual maintenance cost (%)
Initial Network
=
Cost
$72,600
Total Hardware
Cost
$435,600
Annual
Maintenance
= CostExpense
Annual Maintenance
(%)
10%
$43,560
3.4 Software Operating System

Annualized Expense
$0
$0
Number of servers multiplied by server software unit cost

OS Cost per Server

$0
$2,999
Linux/Unix
Windows
Operating System
Total Server
Demand
1,000
Operating
System Cost
per Server
$0
<--User selected 'Linux/Unix' on the 'Overview' tab. This value ($0) will be used.
Initial Expense
$0
Server Useful
Life (Years)*
3 Years
Annual
Expense
$0
* From above section 3.1, above
3.5 Power and Cooling

Total Annual Power Cost
Standard Small
Standard Large
High-CPU Medium
$147,420
Total Number
of Servers
1,000
0
0
0
0
0
0
1,000
Annual power usage multiplied by user-defined electricity price per kW.
Average Server
Power Usage
Nameplate Powerx perPower
ServerConversion
(Watts) = Factor (Watts)
150
75,000
240
0
391
0
515
0
50%
630
0
289
0
309
0
75,000
Hours per Year

8,736
8,736
8,736
8,736
8,736
8,736
8,736
Watts/Kilowatt
1000
1000
1000
1000
1000
1000
1000
Server Annual
Power Usage
(kW)
655,200
0
0
0
0
0
0
655,200
Server Annual
Power Usage
(kW)
Total Annual Power Usage
655,200
PUE
2.5
Infrastructure
Annual Power
Usage (kW)
982,800
Total Annual
Power Usage
(kW)
1,638,000
Price/kW hour =
$0.09
Annual Power
Expense
$147,420

Step 1: Determine the "kW component" construction cost
Total "kW Component" Construction Cost $1,725,000
Annual Cost
$115,000
Server Power
Usage (Watts)
75,000
Total average power usage multiplied by user-defined cost per kW data center build cost
Total data center construction cost divided by estimated data center useful life
Watts/ Kilowatt
1,000
Server Power
Usage (kW)
75.0
Total Data
Center
Construction
Annual Data
Data Center Construction
=
Cost
Costper kW Data Center Useful
= LifeCenter Cost
$23,000
$1,725,000
15 Years
$115,000
Step 2: Determine the number of rack units (U) needed

Number of U Needed (Power)
Number of U Needed (Space)
1,260
1,000
Total average server power usage divided by user-defined power per rack U (in watts)
Number of servers multiplied by the estimated space (rack units) occupied by each server
Rack U Needed (Max Power/Space)
1,260
Number of rack U needed based on the greater of power and space demand
Note: The number of rack units (U) needed is based on either a) the space needs of the servers or b) the power needs of the servers, whichever is greater.
Standard Small
Standard Large
High-CPU Medium
Standard Small
Standard Large
High-CPU Medium
Total Number
of Servers
1,000
0
0
0
0
0
0
1,000
Total Number
of Servers
1,000
0
0
0
0
0
0
1,000
Nameplate
Power per
Server (Watts)* =
150
240
391
515
630
289
309
Total Average
Power Usage
(Watts)
150,000
0
0
0
0
0
0
150,000
Rack U Needed
Power per Rack U =
(Watts)
119
1,260
= U)Rack U Needed
Server Space (Rack
1
1,000
2
0
2
0
2
0
2
0
1
0
2
0
1,000
Max
1,260
Rack Units
* Nameplate Power per Server is from Section 3.5, above
Step 3: Determine the computer room construction cost

Computer Room Construction Cost
Annualized Expense
$198,000
$13,200
Rack U Needed
1,260
Rack units needed divided by rack units/rack, multipled by space per rack and computer room cost per ft 2
Computer room cost divided by computer room useful life
Computer
Data Center
Rack Units per Rack
x Space per Rack (ft2)
x Computer Room x
Construction
Room Cost (perft2) Useful Life
42
22
$300
$198,000
15 Years
3.7 Administration
Total Annual Administration Expense
$2,100,000
Administrators needed multiplied by user-defined average annual salary per FTE
Total Number
of Servers
1,000
Servers per FTE

50
Number of FTE
Needed
20
Total Annual
Annual Salary per FTE
Cost
$105,000
$2,100,000
3.8 Data Transfer

Total Cost of Data Transfer
$8,254
[ Upload (GB)
Bandwidth Usage
Average monthly mbps mulitipled by user-defined cost per megabit multiplied by 12 (months/year)
2,950
Monthly
Average Mbps
27.5
Download (GB) ]
5,900
=
Megabits per GB Seconds per Month
8,192
2,635,200
Monthly
Monthly Cost per=MegabitExpense
$25.00
$688
Months per
Year
12
Monthly
Average Mbps
27.5
Annual Cost
$8,254
Annual
Computer
Room Cost
$13,200
Definitions
Explanation of User-Inputs on Tabs 1-3
This tab provides a brief description of the user inputs on tabs 1-3. Please see User Guide: Amazon EC2 Cost Comparison Calculator for more information.
Amazon EC2
No. of Baseline Instances
The number of instances used to meet minimum demand, categorized by Amazon EC2 instance type (Standard Small, Standard Large,
Standard Extra Large, High Memory Double Extra Large, High Memory Quadruple Extra Large, High-CPU Medium, High-CPU Extra Large)
No. of Peak Instances
The additional number of on-demand instances (above baseline) needed for peak demand and utilized for less than 100% of the year,
categorized by Amazon EC2 instance type (Standard Small, Standard Large, Standard Extra Large, High Memory Double Extra Large, High
Memory Quadruple Extra Large, High-CPU Medium, High-CPU Extra Large)
Average Annual Usage of Baseline Instances The average percentage of time (each year) that baseline instances are utilized.
(%)
Average Annual Usage of Peak Instances
The average percentage of time (each year) that peak instances are utilized.
Amazon EC2 Instance Pricing
The per hour usage price of Amazon EC2 instances. Per-hour compute prices are based on instance type, region, operating system, and
pricing model. Customers can choose to pay on-demand instance prices or reserved instance prices. See http://aws.amazon.com/ec2 for
more information on Amazon EC2 instance pricing.
Hours per Year
The number of hours each year the server is turned on, assumes 24x7x52 = 8,736
Amazon EC2 Bandwidth Pricing
The monthly bandwidth prices for Amazon EC2. Amazon EC2 bandwidth is charged on data transferred "in" and "out" of Amazon EC2. Data
transferred between two Amazon Web Services within the same region (i.e. between Amazon EC2 US and another AWS service in the US, or
between Amazon EC2 Europe and another AWS service in Europe) is free of charge (i.e., $0.00 per GB). Data transferred between AWS
services in different regions will be charged as Internet Data Transfer on both sides of the transfer. See http://aws.amazon.com/ec2 for more
information on Amazon EC2 bandwidth pricing.
Co-location
Total server hardware demand. On the "Main" tab, users are asked to input the number of "baseline" and "peak" instances required to
support their application(s). The on-site tab converts these assumptions into EC2-equivalent server demand. (i.e. servers with similar CPU,
memory, and storage as existing Amazon EC2 instance types. The co-location scenario assumes that the maximum server demand (baseline
plus peak servers) will need to be purchased to meet demand.
Cost per Server
Cost of servers, categorized by Amazon EC2 Instance type (Standard Small, Standard Large, Standard Extra Large, High CPU Medium, High
CPU Extra Large)
Server Useful Life
Estimated useful life (in years) of servers
Network Cost
The network hardware cost, expressed as a percentage of the initial purchase (or acquisition) price of server hardware
Network Useful Life
Estimated useful life (in years) of network hardware
Annual Hardware Maintenance Cost
Annual maintenance rate for server and network hardware as a percentage of initial purchase price
OS Cost per Server
Operating system cost per server
Namplate Power per Server (W)
The amount of power (watts) used by servers, categorized by Amazon EC2-equivalent server type (Standard Small, Standard Large, Standard
Extra Large, High Memory Double Extra Large, High Memory Quadruple Extra Large, High-CPU Medium, High-CPU Extra Large)
Power per Rack Unit (U)
The allotment of power (watts) provided to each unit of rack space as determined by the co-location provider
Server Space
The rack unit space occupied by Amazon EC2 equivalent servers, categorized by Amazon EC2-equivalent server type (Standard Small,
Standard Large, Standard Extra Large, High Memory Double Extra Large, High Memory Quadruple Extra Large, High-CPU Medium, High-CPU
Extra Large)
Initial Co-Lo Set-up Fees
The initial set-up fee charged by co-location providers to install equipment in each unit of space
On-going Co-Lo Fee
The monthly fee charged by co-location providers per unit of space
Server Failure Rate
The annual failure rate of servers, including episodes requiring configuration, reboot, troubleshooting, etc.
Repair Hours per Failure
The average number of hours required to respond to server failures
Remote Hands Cost per Hour
The hourly rate for remote hands support in a co-located data center
Megabits per GB
Constant used to determine the number of megabits per GB (1,024 megabytes per gigabyte, and 8 bits per byte, or 1,024 x 8 = 8,192)
Seconds per Month
The number of seconds in an average month. Assumes 60 seconds/minute x 60 minutes/hour x 24 hours/day x 7 days/week x 30.5
days/month = 2,635,200 seconds.
Peak-to-Average Ratio
Conversion factor used to determine the peak actual data transfer per second (as a multiple of average data transfer)
Bandwidth Price Tiers
The monthly cost per Mb/sec for bandwidth that is charged by the co-location provider. Most co-location providers charge bandwidth based
on a tiered system.
On-Site
Total Servers Needed
The server hardware demand. On the "Main" tab, users are asked to input the number of "steady state" and "peak" instances required to
support their application(s). The on-site tab converts these assumptions into EC2-equivalent server demand. (i.e. servers with similar CPU,
memory, and storage as existing Amazon EC2 instance types. The co-location scenario assumes that the maximum server demand (baseline
plus peak servers) will need to be purchased to meet demand.
Cost per Server
Cost of servers, categorized by Amazon EC2 Instance type (Standard Small, Standard Large, Standard Extra Large, High Memory Double Extra
Large, High Memory Quadruple Extra Large, High-CPU Medium, High-CPU Extra Large)
Server Useful Life
Estimated useful life (in years) of servers
Network Cost
The network hardware cost, expressed as a percentage of the initial purchase (or acquisition) price of server hardware
Network Useful Life
Estimated useful life (in years) of network hardware
Annual Hardware Maintenance Cost
Annual maintenance rate for server and network hardware as a percentage of initial purchase price
OS Cost per Server
Operating system cost per server
Namplate Power per Server (W)
The amount of power (watts) used by servers, categorized by Amazon EC2-equivalent server type (Standard Small, Standard Large, Standard
Extra Large, High Memory Double Extra Large, High Memory Quadruple Extra Large, High-CPU Medium, High-CPU Extra Large)
Power Conversion Factor
The server nameplate value, which is marked on the server by the manufacturer, is the maxium possible power value that the server can
consume. Actual power consumption is typically much less than the nameplate power rating. To determine the power usage of server
hardware, the Amazon EC2 TCO Calculator de-rates the server nameplate value by a user-defined power conversion value. The power
conversion factor can vary considerably between 25% and 80% of the nameplate rating. (See
http://www.datacenterdynamics.com/Media/MediaManager/Greening%20IT.pdf for more information).
Hours per Year
The number of hours each year the server is turned on, assumes 24x7x52 = 8,736
PUE
The "power usage effectiveness" or PUE ratio is a metric used to determine the energy efficiency of a data center. A PUE of 3.0 means for
every 3.0 watts of electricity entering the facility, only 1.0 watts is used to support computing activities (i.e. servers) while the other 2.0
watts support other infrastructure (i.e. cooling).
Price per kW Hour
Price per hour per kW of electricity
Data Center Construction Cost per kW
The construction cost per kW of electricity demanded to build a data center with power, cooling, and auxiliary support systems.
Data Center Useful Life
The expected useful life (in years) of a newly constructed data center
Power per Rack Unit (U)
The allotment of power (watts) provided to each unit of rack space in the on-site data center
Server Space
The rack unit space occupied by Amazon EC2 equivalent servers, categorized by Amazon EC2-equivalent server type (Standard Small,
Standard Large, Standard Extra Large, High Memory Double Extra Large, High Memory Quadruple Extra Large, High-CPU Medium, High-CPU
Extra Large)
Rack U per Rack
The typical number of rack units in a standard 19 rack.
Space per Rack
The amount of computer room space occupied by a rack included surrounding buffer space.
Computer Room Contruction Cost
The cost per square ft to build a computer room in a data center.
Servers per FTE
Number of servers that one FTE server administrator can support
Annual Salary per FTE
Average annual salary of a FTE Administrator
Megabits per GB
Constant used to determine the number of megabits per GB (1,024 megabytes per gigabyte, and 8 bits per byte, or 1,024 x 8 = 8,192)
Seconds per Month
The number of seconds in an average month. Assumes 60 seconds/minute x 60 minutes/hour x 24 hours/day x 7 days/week x 30.5
days/month = 2,635,200 seconds.
Monthly Cost per Megabit
Price for bandwidth per Mbps based on total transferred

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Amazon EC2 Cost Comparison Calcul

Annual Total Cost of Ownership (TCO) Summary

Select Region and operating system of instances

Amazon EC2 (On-Demand Instances Only)

Amazon EC2 (w/ 1 Year Reserved Instances)*

Amazon EC2 (w/ 3 Year Reserved Instances)*

Region and Operating System

US East (Northern Virginia)

Amazon EC2 Instance Type

1.1 Instance Fees and

Amazon EC2 Instance Type

Total Monthly Data Transfer (GB)

3.8 Data Transfer

1. Amazon Elastic Compute Cloud (EC2)

TCO AMAZON EC2

3 Year Reserved Instances Annual Cost

1.1 Instance Hours

Annual Expense with On-Demand Pricing

Total hours of instance usage multiplied by instance hour price

No. of Baseline Instances*

Average Annual Usage

On-Demand Instance Pricing

US-N. Virginia Region

Price per EC2

Annual Expense with Reserved Pricing

* The 3-year one-time reserve fee is annualized over three years

Reserved Instance Pricing

Number of baseline instances multiplied by one-time reserve fee*

* User inputs from "Main" tab

Reserved Instance Pricing (Linux/Unix only)

a) Initial Reserve Expense

Price per EC2

1.2 Data Transfer

Monthly cost of data transfer (upload) multiplied by 12 (months/year)

Data Transfer "Out"

Monthly cost of data transfer (download) multiplied by 12 (months/year)

Download by Price Tier

Copyright 2010 Amazon Web Services, All Rights Reserved

Note: All assumptions can be edited below

2.1 Server Hardware

Number of servers multiplied by server unit cost

2.2 Network Hardware

Initial capital cost of servers multiplied by network cost (%)

2.3 Hardware Maintenance

Annual Hardware Maintenance

2.4 Software Operating System

Number of servers multiplied by server software unit cost

OS Cost per Server

* From above section 2.1, above

2.5 Co-Location Expense

Rack U Needed (Max Power/Space)

(C) Copyright 2009, Amazon Web Services, All Rights Reserved

Step 2: Determine the total co-location cost

Number of RUs multiplied by user-defined co-location set-up fee per rack U

Co-lo Non-Recurring Cost (NRC)

Co-lo Monthly Recurring Cost (MRC)

2.6 Remote Hands Support

Annual Maintenance Cost

2.7 Data Transfer

Monthly bandwidth cost multiplied by 12 (months/year)

Megabits per GB Seconds per Month

Price per Mb/sec

Copyright 2010 Amazon Web Services, All Rights Reserved

(C) Copyright 2009, Amazon Web Services, All Rights Reserved