BVOC Hospital Equipment

ANNAMALAI UNIVERSITY
DEPARTMENT OF INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERING

THREE-YEAR B.Voc. DEGREE PROGRAMME IN
HOSPITAL INSTRUMENTATION AND MANAGEMENT
OFFERED THROUGH CENTRE FOR SKILL DEVELOPMENT
FULL-TIME PROGRAMME
CHOICE BASED CREDIT SYSTEM
REGULATIONS AND SYLLABUS
1. Condition for Admission:
Candidates for admission to the First Year of the Three-Year B.Voc. Degree Programme
(Hospital Instrumentation and Management) shall be required to have passed the final examination
of the plus 2 Higher Secondary Course conducted by the Board of Secondary Education, Tamil Nadu
Government or an examination of any other authority accepted by the Syndicate of this University as
equivalent thereto, for direct admission to the Second Year of B.Voc programme, the candidates
shall be required to have passed the One-Year Diploma Programme having the National Skills
Qualifications Framework (NSQF) level 5 in appropriate discipline or an examination of any other
authority accepted by the Syndicate of this University as equivalent thereto and for direct admission
to the Third year of B.Voc programme the candidates shall be required to have passed the TwoYear Advanced Diploma Programme having NSQF level 6 in appropriate discipline or an
examination of any other authority accepted by the Syndicate of this University as equivalent thereto.
They shall satisfy the conditions regarding qualifying marks, age and physical fitness as may be
prescribed by the Syndicate of the Annamalai University from time to time.
2. Eligibility for the Award of Diploma / Advanced Diploma / Degree:
A candidate shall be eligible for the award of one-year Diploma (Health Care) if the candidate
has satisfactorily undergone the prescribed courses of study of the first year of the three-year B.Voc.
programme and has passed the prescribed examinations and has earned a minimum of 60 credits.
A candidate shall be eligible for the award of two-year Advanced Diploma (Hospital
Instrumentation) if the candidate has satisfactorily undergone the prescribed courses of study of the
first and second year if admitted in the First Year of the Three-Year B.Voc. programme or the
prescribed courses of study of the second year if admitted directly to Second Year of the Three-Year
B.Voc programme and has passed the prescribed examinations and has earned a minimum of
120/60 credits as applicable.
A candidate shall be eligible for the award of Degree of B.Voc (Hospital Instrumentation and
Management) if the candidate has satisfactorily undergone the prescribed courses of study for all the
three years or the prescribed courses of study of the second and third year if admitted directly to the
Second Year of the Three-Year B.Voc. programme or the prescribed courses of study of the third
year if admitted directly to Third Year of the Three-Year B.Voc programme and has passed the
prescribed examinations and has earned a minimum of 180/120/60 credits as applicable.
3. Courses of Study:
The Courses of study are given in Appendix A1. The syllabi for the courses are given in
Appendix A2.
4. Scheme of Examinations:
The scheme of Examinations is given in Appendix A1.
5. Choice Based Credit System:
Each semester curriculum shall normally have a blend of theory and practical courses. The
total credits for the Diploma Level/ Advanced Diploma Level / Degree Level of the programme will
be 60/120/180 respectively.
For the award of the Diploma / Advanced Diploma / Degree, a student has to
1) Earn a minimum of 60/120/180 credits for the respective level
2) Serve in the NSS or NCC for at least one year (only for B.Voc degree) and
3) Enroll as a student member of a recognized professional society.
6. Duration of the Programme:
A
student
is normally expected to
complete
the Diploma (Health Care) Programme in
one year but in any case not more than three years from the time of admission.
A
student
complete
the Advanced Diploma (Hospital
Instrumentation) Programme in two/one year but in any case not more than four/three years from the
time of admission as applicable.
A
student
complete
the B.Voc. (Hospital Instrumentation and
Management) Degree Programme in three/two/one year but in any case not more than five/four/three
years from the time of admission as applicable.
7. Registration for courses:
A newly admitted student will automatically be registered for all the courses prescribed for the
first Semester without any option.
Every other student shall submit a completed registration form indicating the list of courses
intended to be credited during the next semester. This registration will be done a week before the last
working day of the current semester. Late registration with the approval of the Director of the Centre
for Skill Development (CSD) on the recommendation of the concerned Assistant Director of the
Centre for Skill Development (CSD) along with a late fee will be done up to the last working day.
Registration for the project work shall be done only for the sixth semester.
8. Assessment:
The break-up of assessment and examination marks for theory courses is as follows.
First assessment
: 10 marks
Second assessment
: 10 marks
Third assessment
: 5 marks
End Semester Examination
: 75 marks
The break-up of assessment and examination marks for practical courses is as follows:
First assessment (test)
: 15 marks
Second assessment (test)

Maintenance of record book
End Semester Examination
: 15 marks
: 10 marks
: 60 marks
The project work / industry training will be assessed for 40 marks by a committee consisting
of the guide and a minimum of two members nominated by the concerned Assistant Director of the
Centre for Skill Development (CSD). The concerned Assistant Director of the CSD will nominate one
of the committee members as the Chairman. The concerned Assistant Director of the CSD may
himself be a member or the Chairman. 60 marks are allotted for the project work / industry training
report and viva voce examination held at the end of the semester.
9. Student Counselors:
To help the students in planning their course of study and for general advice on the academic
programme, the concerned Assistant Director of the CSD will attach a certain number of students to a
member of the faculty who shall function as student counselor for those students throughout their
period of study. Such student counselors shall advise the students, give preliminary approval for the
courses to be taken by the students during each semester and obtain the final approval of the
concerned Assistant Director of the CSD.
10. Class Committee:
The composition of the class committees from first to sixth semester will be as follows:
(i)
Course
coordinators of the common courses, if any, who
shall
be appointed by the
concerned Assistant Director of the CSD from among the staff members teaching the
common course.
(ii)
project
coordinator, who shall be appointed by the concerned Assistant Director of the
CSD from among the project supervisors.

(iii) Teachers of other individual courses
One Professor or Associate Professor, preferably not teaching the concerned class,
appointed as Chairman by the concerned Assistant Director of the CSD. The concerned Assistant
Director of the CSD may opt to be a member or the Chairman.
The class committee shall meet four times during the semester. The first meeting will be held
within two weeks from the date of class commencement in which the type of assessment like test,
assignment etc. for the first and third assessments and the dates of completion of the assessments
will be decided.
The second meeting will be held within a week after the completion of the first assessment to
review the performance and for follow-up action.The second assessment will be the mid-semester
test. The third meeting will be held within a week after the second assessment is completed to review
the performance and for follow-up action.
The fourth meeting will be held after all the assessments except the examinations are
completed for all the courses, and at least one week before the commencement of the examinations.
During this meeting the assessment on a maximum of 25 marks for theory and 40 marks for
practical/project work will be finalized for every student and tabulated and submitted to the concerned
Assistant Director of the CSD for approval and transmission to the Controller of examinations.
11. Withdrawal from the programme:
A student can withdraw from the programme at any level before a date fixed by the concerned
Assistant Director of the CSD with the approval of the Director of the CSD on the recommendation of
the concerned Assistant Director of the CSD.
12. Temporary break of study:

A student can take a one-time temporary break of study covering the current semester and/or
the next semester with the approval of the Director of the CSD on the recommendation of the
concerned Assistant Director of the CSD, not later than seven days after the completion of the mid
semester test. However, the student must complete the entire programme within the maximum period
stipulated for the relevant level of the B.Voc programme.
13. Substitute assessments:

A student, who has missed for genuine reasons, accepted by the concerned Assistant Director
of the CSD, one or more of the assessments of a course other than the examination, may take a
substitute assessment for any one of the missed assessments. The substitute assessment must be
completed before the date of the fourth meeting of the respective class committees.
A student who wishes to have a substitute assessment for a missed assessment must apply
to the concerned Assistant Director of the CSD within a week from the date of the missed
assessment.
14. Attendance requirements:

To be eligible to appear for the examinations in a particular semester, a student must put in a
minimum of 75% of attendance in that semester. However, for exceptional cases the authorities can
give a rebate / concession not exceeding 10% attendance only on medical grounds. A student who
withdraws from or does not meet the minimum attendance requirement in a semester must re-register
for and repeat the semester.
15. Passing and declaration of examination results:
All assessments of all the courses on an absolute marks basis will be considered and passed
by the respective results passing board in accordance with the rules of the University. Thereafter, the
Controller of examinations shall convert the marks for each course to the corresponding letter grade
as follows, compute the grade point average and overall grade point average, and prepare the grade
cards.
90 to 100 marks
80 to 89 marks
70 to 79 marks
60 to 69 marks
55 to 59 marks
50 to 54 marks
:
:
:
:
:
:
Grade 'S'
Grade 'A'
Grade 'B'
Grade 'C'
Grade 'D'
Grade 'E'
Less than 50 marks

Insufficient attendance
Withdrawn from programme
: Grade 'F'
: Grade ' I
: Grade 'W'
A student who obtains less than 30 marks out of 75 in the end Semester Theory examination
and 24 marks out of 60 in the end Semester Practical /Project work examination or is absent for the
examination will be awarded grade 'F'.
A student who earns a grade of S, A, B, C, D or E for a course is declared to have
successfully completed that course. Such a course cannot be repeated by the student.
A student who obtains letter grade F in a course has to reappear for the examination in that
course.
A student who obtains letter grades W or I in a course must reregister and repeat the course.
The following grade points are associated with each letter grade for calculating the grade
point average and overall grade point average.
S - 10; A - 9; B - 8; C - 7; D - 6; E - 5; F - 0
Courses with grades W and I are not considered for calculation of grade point average or
overall grade point average. F grade will be considered for computing GPA and OGPA.
A student can apply for re-totaling of one or more of his/her examination answer papers within
a week from the date of issue of grade sheet to the student on payment of the prescribed fee per
paper. The application must be submitted to the Controller of examinations with the recommendation
of the concerned Assistant Director of the CSD.
After results are declared, grade cards will be issued to the students. The grade card will
contain the list of courses registered during the semester, the grades scored and the grade point
average (GPA) for the semester and OGPA.
GPA is the sum of the products of the number of credits of a course with the grade point
scored in that course, taken over all the courses for the semester, divided by the sum of the number
of credits for all courses taken in that semester. OGPA is similarly calculated considering all the
courses taken from the time of admission.
The results of the final semester will be withheld until the student obtains passing grade in all
the courses of all earlier semesters.
After successful completion of the programme, the degree will be awarded with the following
classifications based on OGPA.
For First class with distinction, the student must earn a minimum of 60/120/180 credits within
one / two / three years respectively from the time of admission, pass all the courses in the first attempt
and obtain a OGPA of 8.25 or above for all the courses from I to II, I to IV and I to VI semesters
respectively for the Diploma / Advanced Diploma / Degree level.
For First class, the student must earn a minimum of 60/120/180 credits within three / five /
seven semesters respectively from the time of admission and obtain a OGPA of 6.75 or above for all
the courses from I to II, I to IV and I to VI semesters respectively for the Diploma / Advanced Diploma
/ Degree level.
For Second class, the student must earn a minimum of 60/120/180 credits within three / four /
five years respectively from the time of admission for the Diploma / Advanced Diploma / Degree level.
For those students admitted directly to the Second year of B.Voc programme:
For First class with distinction, the student must earn a minimum of 60/120 credits within one /
two years respectively from the time of admission, pass all the courses in the first attempt and obtain
a OGPA of 8.25 or above for all the courses of III and IV and III to VI semesters respectively for the
Advanced Diploma / Degree level.
For First class, the student must earn a minimum of 60/120 credits within three / five
semesters respectively from the time of admission and obtain a OGPA of 6.75 or above for all the
courses of III and IV and III to VI semesters respectively for the Advanced Diploma / Degree level.
For Second class, the student must earn a minimum of 60/120 credits within three / four years
respectively from the time of admission for the Advanced Diploma / Degree level.
For those students admitted directly to the Third year of B.Voc programme:
For First class with distinction, the student must earn a minimum of 60 credits within one year
from the time of admission, pass all the courses in the first attempt and obtain a OGPA of 8.25 or
above for all the courses of V and VI semesters for the Degree level.
For First class, the student must earn a minimum of 60 credits within three semesters
respectively from the time of admission and obtain a OGPA of 6.75 or above for all the courses of V
and VI semesters for the Degree level.
For Second class, the student must earn a minimum of 60 credits within three years from the
time of admission for the Degree level.
16. Ranking of candidates:

The candidates who are eligible to get the Diploma / Advanced Diploma / Degree in First
Class with Distinction will be ranked together on the basis of the OGPA for all the courses of study
during the period of study.
The candidates passing with First class will be ranked next after those with distinction on the
basis of OGPA all the subjects of study during the period of study.
17. Transitory regulations:

Wherever there had been change of syllabi, examinations based on the existing syllabi will be
conducted for four consecutive times after implementation of the new syllabi in order to enable the
students to clear the arrears. Beyond that the students will have to take up their examination(s) in
equivalent course(s), as per the new syllabi, on the recommendations of the Assistant Director of the
CSD concerned.

SEMESTERI
Code
HIMC101
HIMC102
HIMC103
HIMC104
HIMC105
HIMC106
HIMP107
HIMP108
HIMT109
APPENDIXA1
Courses
Communicative
English
Life coping skills
Medical Physics
Basics of Life
Sciences
Electronic Devices
IT and Networking
Computer
and
Networking Lab
Electronics Lab
Industrial training
Total
Periods/Week
L
T
P
Exam
Duration
Hours
Marks
CA FE
Total
Marks
25
75
100
4
4
0
0
0
0
3
3
25
25
75
75
100
100
4
4
25
75
100
4
4
0
0
0
0
3
3
25
25
75
75
100
100
4
4
40
60
100
23
40
40
270
60
60
630
100
100
900
2
3
30
Credits
At the end of the semester, students should compulsory undergo two weeks Industrial training
(HIMT 109) and relevant certificate has to be submitted.
[L] Lecture
[T] Tutorial
[P] Practical
[CA] Continuous Assessment [FE] Final Examination
SEMESTERII
Code
Courses
HIMC 201
HIMP 208
Biostatistics
Hospital Planning
and Management
Electrical Circuits
Sensors and
Measurements
Healthcare
Systems
Medical
Physiology
Circuits and
Devices Lab
Biosensors Lab
HIMT 209
Hospital Training
HIMC 202
HIMC 203
HIMC 204
HIMC 205
HIMC 206
HIMP 207
Total
Periods/Week
L
T
P
Exam
Duration
Hours
Marks
CA
FE
Total
Marks
25
75
100
25
75
100
25
75
100
25
75
100
25
75
100
25
75
100
40
60
100
40
60
100
40
60
270
630
100
900
21
Credits
30
At the end of the semester, students should compulsory undergo four weeks Hospital training
(HIMT 209) and relevant certificate has to be submitted.
SEMESTERIII
Code
HIMC 301
HIMC 302
HIMC 303
HIMC 304
HIMC 305
HIMC 306
HIMP 307
HIMP 308
HIMT 309
Courses
Medical
Instrumentation
Signals and
Systems
Analog and
Digital ICs
Electrical and
Electronic
Measurements
Biological
Control Systems
Diagnostic
and
Therapeutic
Equipment - 1
Linear and Digital
ICs lab
Diagnostic
and
Therapeutic
Equipments Lab
Industrial
Training
Total
Periods/Week
L
T
P
Exam
Duration
Hours
Marks
CA FE
Total
Marks
25
75
100
25
75
100
25
75
100
25
75
100
25
75
100
25
75
100
40
60
100
40
60
100
40
60
100
270
630
900
30
20
Credits
At the end of the semester, students should compulsory undergo Industrial training (HIMT
309) for two weeks and relevant certificate has to be submitted.
SEMESTERIV
Code
HIMC 401
HIMC 402
HIMC 403
HIMC 404
HIMC 405
HIMC 406
HIMP 407
HIMP 408
HIMT 409
Courses
Diagnostic and
Therapeutic
Equipment II
Biomechanics
Microprocessor
and
Microcontroller
Rehabilitation
Engineering
Lab Services and
Biochemistry
Biosignal
Processing
Microcontroller
and BioEmbedded
Systems Lab
Biosignal
Processing
and
Simulation Lab
Inplant Training
Total
Periods/Week
L
T
P
Exam
Duration
Hours
Marks
CA FE
Total
Marks
25
75
100
25
75
100
25
75
100
25
75
100
25
75
100
25
75
100
40
60
100
40
60
100
40
270
60
630
100
900
4
30
20
Credits
At the end of the semester students should compulsory undergo Inplant training (HIMT 409)
(two weeks in an industry on Hospital Instruments Maintenance and two weeks in a hospital
on Hospital Management training) and relevant certificate has to be submitted.
10
SEMESTERV
Code
HIMC 501
HIMC 502
HIMC 503
HIMC 504
HIMC 505
HIME 506
HIMP 507
HIMP 508
HIMT 509
Coursess
Biomedical Waste
and Hazard
Management
Hospital
Management and
IT for Healthcare
Radiological and
Imaging Equipment
Image Processing
Medical Ethics and
Legal Issues in
Hospital
Elective I
Bioinstrumentation
Lab
Image Processing
and
Diagnostic Instrum
ents Lab
Hospital Training
Total
Periods/Week
L
T
P
Exam
Duration
Hours
Marks
CA FE
Total
Marks
25
75
100
25
75
100
25
75
100
25
75
100
25
75
100
25
75
100
40
60
100
40
60
100
40
270
60
630
100
900
3
30
21
12
Credits
At the end of the semester students should undergo Hospital Instrumentation training (HIMT
509) in a Hospital for two weeks and relevant certificate has to be submitted.
11
SEMESTERVI
Code
HIMC
601
HIMC
602
HIMC
603
HIME
604
HIME
605
HIMP
606
HIMP
607
HIMT
608
Courses
Telehealth Systems
Periods/Week
L
T
P
Exam
Duration
Hours
Marks
CA FE
Total
Marks
Hospital
Safety
Systems
and 4
Healthcare Standards
Design
and
Development
of 3
Medical Devices
25
75
100
25
75
100
25
75
100
Elective II
25
75
100
Elective III
25
75
100
Advanced
Bioinstrumentation
0
and
Biomechanics
Lab
40
60
100
Telehealth Lab
40
60
100
Project Viva Voce
40
60
100
16
17
245
555
800
30
Total
12
Credits
LIST OF ELECTIVES
1. Troubleshooting of medical instruments

2. Biomaterials and Artificial Organ
3. Neural Networks and Fuzzy Logic
4. MediEmbedded Systems and RTOs
5. Modeling of Physiological Systems
6. Computers in Medicine
7. Tissue and Stem Cell Engineering
8. Transportation in Living Systems
9. Telemedicine
10. Bioinformatics
11. Cancer Biology
12. Lasers and Fiber optics in Medicine
13. Artificial Intelligence and Robotics
14. Environmental studies
13
Appendix-A2
B.Voc (HOSPITAL INSTRUMENTATION AND MANAGEMENT)
SYLLABI
14
HIMC 101 - COMMUNICATIVE ENGLISH
OBJECTIVE: To refresh and gain the knowledge on English.

UNIT I READING
Definition of reading, Levels of reading- Requirements of reading- Types of readingTechniques of reading- Academic reading tips- Exercise
UNIT II WRITING
The Sentence, The Phrase, Kinds of Sentences, Parts of Sentence, Parts of Speech,
Articles-Types of Sentences, Time Management Tips-Test Preparation Tips, Tips for Taking
Exams-Construction of Paragraph, Linkage and Cohesion-Academic Essay Writing-ThesisReport Abstracts- Letter Writing- Memo, Cover Letter, Resume writing-Exercise
UNIT III LISTENING SKILLS
Types of Listening- Objectives- Active Listening- an Effective Listening Skill- Note
Taking Tips -Barriers for Good Listening, Purpose of Listening, Outlines and SignpostingGambits- Exercise
UNIT IV COMMUNICATION SKILLS
Communication Skills -Speaking skills, Definition- Barriers of Communication-Types
of Communication-Exercise
UNIT VAPTITUDE
Verbal and numerical aptitude-Notes to be made from listening short lectures.
Adapting to corporate life- Corporate Etiquette Grooming and Dressing-Organizing and
Attending Meetings Facing Interviews
TEXT BOOK
1.
Department of Humanities and Social Sciences, Anna University, English for

Engineers and Technologists, Vols. I & II (Combined Edition), Orient Longman
Pvt. Ltd., 2006.
REFERENCE BOOKS
1.
LALA, PUSHP and Sanjay Kumar. Communicate or collapse: a handbook of

effective public speaking, group discussions and interviews. PHI Learning Pvt.
Ltd., 2007.
2.
Edgar Thorpe. Course in Mental Ability and Quantitative Aptitude, Tata McGrawHill, 2003.
3.
Edgar Thorpe. Test of Reasoning, Tata McGraw-Hill,2003.
15
4.
H.M.Prasad,How to prepare for Group Discussion and Interview. Tata McGrawHill, 2001.
5.
Career Press Editors, 101 Great Resumes, Jaico Publishing House,2003.
6.
R.S. Aggarwal, A Modern Approach to Verbal & Non-Verbal Reasoning,S. Chand

& Co, 2004.
7.
Mishra Sunita and Muralikrishna, Communication Skills for Engineers, 1stEdition.

Pearson Education, 2004.
MEC 102 LIFE COPING SKILLS

OBJECTIVE: To develop positive attitude and enhance their personality
UNIT I SELF ESTEEM AND PERSONALITY DEVELOPMENT
Self esteem-importance of self esteem- positive self development- self acceptance of
strengths and weakness- personality development- methods- dos and donts-skills to develop
UNIT II POSITIVE THINKING
Right perception of life- emphasize good things- transform from soft to tough minded
individuals- weak to strong men/women
UNIT III MOTIVATION AND GOAL SETTING
Concept of motivation-energizing and directing efforts for goal- enhance motivationdesires and aspirations- different types of goals- importance of pursuit of personal goalssetting goals- striving for goals
UNIT IV COPING WITH DEPRESSION, FEAR AND FAILURE
Depression-nature-symptoms and causes- ways to overcome depression- types of
failure- understanding failures- handling fear-overcoming failure and fear- understanding
anger- hindering anger to achieve goals- coping with failures
UNIT V LEADERSHIP
Leadership- Nature and types- characteristics of good leadership- leadership rolecourage and confidenceTEXT BOOK:
1. Alphonse, S.J. Xavier, We shall overcome ICRDCE publication, Chennai. 5th edition,
2011.
16
HIMC 103 - MEDICAL PHYSICS

OBJECTIVE: To study the effects of sound and light in human body and to study the effects
of radiation in matter and how isotopes are clinically used.
UNIT I ELECTROMAGNETIC SPECTRUM AND ITS MEDICAL APPLICATION
Light- Physics of light, Intensity of light colour vision and limits of vision sound Normal sound levels Ultrasound fundamentals- Generation of ultrasound (Ultrasound
Transducer) Interaction of Ultrasound with Materials-Reflection and Refraction
Absorption and Scattering Non- ionizing Electromagnetic Radiation Tissue as a leaky
dielectric Relaxation process- overview of non-ionizing radiation effects- low frequency
effect- high frequency effect
UNIT II RADIOACTIVE DECAY
Spontaneous Emission Isometric Transition - Gamma ray emission, alpha, beta,
positron decay, electron capture Principles of nuclear physics Natural radioactivity, Decay
series, Half-life period, type of radiation and their applications. Production of radionuclides
Cyclotron produced Radionuclide - Reactor produced Radionuclide fission and electron
capture reaction, Radionuclide Generator Milking Process - Linear accelerator,
Radionuclide used in medicine and technology.
UNIT III INTERACTION OF RADIATION WITH MATTER
Interaction of charged particles with matter Specific ionization , linear energy
Transfer Range, Bremsstrahlung , Annihilation Interaction of Gamma radiations with matter
Photoelectric effect, Compton Scattering , Pair Production, Attenuation of Gamma
Radiation, Interaction of neuron with matter
UNIT IV PHYSICS OF CARDIOPULMONARY SYSTEM
The Airways, - blood and lung interaction measurement of lung volume pressure
air flow volume relationships of lungs physics of alveoli the breathing mechanism
Major components of cardiovascular system O2 and CO2 exchange in the capillary system
Physical activity of heart transmural pressure Bernoullis principles applied to
cardiovascular system - Blood flow laminar and turbulent
UNIT VRADIATION EFFECTS
Acute Radiation Effects - The concept of LD 50 Radiation syndromes- Central
nervous system syndrome - Gastro-intestinal syndrome Bone Marrow syndrome Delayed
Effects of Radiation - Stochastic and Deterministic effects Late Deterministic effect in
different organs and tissues.
17
TEXT BOOKS
1. B.H Brown, P.V. Law ford, R H Small wood, D.R.Hose , D.C.Barber , Medical Physics
and Biomedical Engineering, CRC Press, 1999.
2. GopalB.Saha, Physics and Radiobiology of Nuclear Medicine Springer, 3rd Edition,
2006.
REFERENCES BOOKS
1. John R. Cameron and James G. Skofronick, Medical Physics, John Wiley & Sons,
1994.
2. RF Farr and PJ Allisy Roberts, Physics for Medical Imaging, Saunders, 1st Edition
1997.
HIMC 104 BASICS OF LIFE SCIENCES

OBJECTIVE: To familiarize the student with medical terminologies and human body
system so that the student can be an effective member of the medical team.
UNIT I HUMAN ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY
Basic functions and importance of systems in Human body: Digestive SystemRespiratory system- Circulatory system-Central Nervous system. Musculoskeletal systemReproductive system-Excretory system-Endocrine Glands- Special Senses.
UNIT II MEDICAL TERMINOLOGY
Reasons for using medical terms-Glossary of medical terms: major diseases and
medical specialties.
UNIT III COMMON TERMINOLOGY
Roots, Prefixes, Suffixes, Abbreviations and symbols-Common roots: Element
referring to, usage and definition-Common prefixes and suffixes-Common abbreviations:
departments, laboratory working time, general healthcare, routes of medication and Symbols.
UNIT IV ILLNESS
Defining illness: Direct and indirect causes - Classification and description of
diseases.Infection Control: Medical asepsis, Nosocomical infection and communicable
diseases, Reservoir, carrier and mode of transmission.
18
UNIT V HOSPITAL SERVICES

Overview of Hospital Services: Intensive care unit Coronary care Unit Burns,
paraplegic & Malignant disease treatment Hospital welfare services Hospital standing
services Indian red cross society Nursing services. Pharmacy Medical Stores
Housekeeping Ward Management Central sterile supply department. Medical Records
Fatal documents Medical Registers Statutory records.
TEXT BOOKS:
1. B. M. Sakharkar, Principles of Hospital Administration and Planning, Jaypee Brothers
Medical Publishers (P) Ltd. New Delhi, 1999.
2. CM Francis,Mario C de Souza, Hospital Administration, Jaypee brothers Medical
Publishers (P) Ltd., New Delhi, 2000.
3. Peter Givens and Michael J Reiss, Human Biology and Health Studies, Nelson
Thomson Publishers, UK, 2nd Edition, 2010
REFERENCE BOOK:
1. JR McGibony,Principles of Hospital Administration, GP Putnams sons, NewYork,
1969.
HIMC 105ELECTRONIC DEVICES

OBJECTIVE: To acquaint the students with the construction, theory and operation of the
basic electronic devices such as PN junction diode, bipolar and field effect transistors, power
control devices, LED, LCD and other opto-electronic devices
UNIT I JUNCTION DIODE
Semiconductor Diode: PN junction diode, current equations, diffusion and drift
current densities, forward and reverse bias characteristics, Switching Characteristics.
UNIT II BIPOLAR TRANSISTORS
Bipolar Junction: NPN-PNP -Junctions-Early effect-Current equations Input and
Output characteristics of CE, CB CC-Hybrid - model - h-parameter model, Ebers Moll
Model- Gummel Poon-model, Multi emitter transistor.
UNIT IIIFIELD EFFECT TRANSISTORS
Field Effect Transistors -JFETs Drain and Transfer characteristics,-Current
equations-Pinch off voltage and its significance- MOSFET- Characteristics- Threshold
voltage -Channel length modulation, D-MOSFET, E-MOSFET- , Current equation Equivalent circuit model and its parameters, FINFET, Dualgate MOSFET.
19
UNIT IV SPECIAL DIODES

Special Semiconductor Devices: Metal-Semiconductor Junction- MESFET, Schottky
barrier diode-Zener diode-Varactor diode Tunnel diode- Gallium Arsenide device, LASER
diode.
UNIT V SPECIAL SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES
Power Devices and Display Devices: LDR, UJT, SCR, Diac, Triac, Power BJTPower MOSFET- DMOS-VMOS. LED, LCD, Phototransistor, Opto Coupler, Solar cell,
CCD.
TEXT BOOK:
1. Donald A Neaman, Semiconductor Physics and Devices, 3rdEdition, Tata McGrawHill
Inc. 2007.
REFERENCE BOOKS:
1. Yang, Fundamentals of Semiconductor devices, McGraw Hill International Edition,
1978.
2. Robert Boylestad and Louis Nashelsky, Electron Devices and Circuit Theory Pearson
th
Prentice Hall, 10 Edition,July 2008.
HIMC 106- IT AND NETWORKING

OBJECTIVE: To introduce the concept, terminologies, and technologies used in modern
data communication and computer networking and detailed knowledge about information
technology
UNIT I FUNDAMENTALS OF IT
Introduction to Information Technology: Basic concepts of IT, Data Processing: Data
and Information. Introduction to Computers: Classification, History, Types of Computers.
Elements of a Computer System: Block Diagram of The Computer System, Introduction to
various units. Hardware: CPU, Memory, Input and Output devices, Auxiliary storage
devices. Software: System and Application Software, Utility packages, configuration of
Computer System Applications of Information Technology: Wide range of applications in:
Home, Education and Training, Entertainment, Science, Medicine, Engineering etc.
UNIT II OPERTAING SYSTEMS AND PROGRAMMING
Introduction to Information Technology Tools: Operating System, Programming
20
Languages, Features and trends. Introduction to MS-DOS/WINDOWS/LINUX/UNIX Office

Automation Tools: MS-Office, Word, PowerPoint, Excel, Access, Working with PC
PACKAGES. Translators: Assembler, Compiler and Interpreter. Cloud computing concept
of cloud computing.
UNIT IIICOMMUNICATION LAYERS
Physical Layer: Data Communications Networks - Networks models OSI model
Layers in OSI model TCP / IP protocol suite Addressing Guided and Unguided
Transmission media Switching: Circuit switched networks Data gram Networks Virtual
circuit networks Cable networks for Data transmission: Dialup modems DSL Cable TV
Cable TV for Data transfer.
UNIT IV DATA LINK LAYER AND CONTROL
Data Link Layer - Framing Flow and error control Protocols for Noiseless and
Noisy Channels HDLC Multiple access: Random access Controlled access Wired LANS :
Ethernet IEEE standards standard Ethernet changes in the standard Fast Ethernet
Gigabit Ethernet.
UNIT VNETWORK LAYER
Network Layer -Logical addressing: IPv4, IPv6 addresses - Internet Protocol:
Internetworking IPv4, IPv6 - Delivery - Forwarding - Routing Unicast, Multicast routing
protocols. Transport LayerProcess-to-Process delivery - User Datagram Protocol (UDP)
Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) Application LayerDomain Name System (DNS) Email FTP WWW HTTP Multimedia Network Security: Cryptography Symmetric
key and Public Key algorithms - Digital signature Management of Public keys
Communication Security Authentication Protocols.
TEXT BOOKS:
1. Behrouz A. Foruzan, Data communication and Networking, Tata McGraw-Hill, 2006.
2. Andrew S. Tannenbaum, Computer Networks, Pearson Education, 4th Edition, 2003.
3. Rountree, Derrick, and Ileana Castrillo. The Basics of Cloud Computing: Understanding
the Fundamentals of Cloud Computing in Theory and Practice, Newnes, 2013.
4. Bokhari & Ahmad UNIX Operating System, Dhanpat Rai & Co, 2004.
REFERENCE BOOKS:
1. Tomasi, Wayne. Introduction to data communications and networking, Prentice-Hall,
Inc., 2004.
2. C.Sivaram Murthy, B.S.Manoj, Ad hoc Wireless Networks Architecture and
Protocols, 2ndEdition, Pearson Education, 2004.
21
3. Greg Tomshon, Ed Tittel, David Johnson. Guide to Networking Essentials, 5th Edition,
Thomson India Learning, 2007.
HIMP 107 COMPUTER AND NETWORKING LAB
List of experiments for the lab will be finalized in consultation with Head of the Department
based on the needs and current trends in the respective fields.
HIMP 108 ELECTRONICS LAB
based on the needs and current trends in the respective fields
HIMC201 BIO STATISTICS

OBJECTIVE: To make the student to understand the concepts in biostatistics and to apply
the techniques in decision-making.
UNIT I INTRODUCTION
Data and Information, Variables, Sampling, Data Collection and Information
Variables and Types of Variables Sampling, Sample size and Sampling techniques - Data
types Primary and Secondary Data - data collection - Respondents, interviews, observation,
questionnaire, survey, direct and indirect research techniques Data Collection in
Quantitative and Qualitative Research - Organizing the data.
UNIT II DATA ANALYSIS
Data Analysis techniques and tools manual and computerized use of statistical
software in data analysis - univariate, bivariate and multivariate analysis
UNIT III DATA PRESENTATION
Data Presentation - frequency distribution, charting of data Bar Chart, Pie chart,
Line Diagram, Tables, Histogram.
UNIT IV DEMOGRAPHY AND VITAL STATISTICS
Mortality and Morbidity Rates, Birth Rates, Specific Death Rates, Fertility Rates,
Abortion Rates etc.
UNIT V HOSPITAL STATISTICS
Application of statistics in healthcare and hospital settings - utilization of the basic
data, sources of health statistics, problems in collection of sickness data, measurement of
sickness, vital statistics.
22
TEXT BOOKS:
1. J. F. Jekel, J. G. Elmore, D.L. Katz. Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Preventive
Medicine. WB Saunders Co, 1996.
2. P.K. Baneergee.Introduction to bio statistics, 4thEdition Schand Publications, 2012.
REFERENCE BOOKS:
1. Sciences Wayne W DanielBiostatistics: A Foundation for Analysis in the Health 9th
edition Wiley publications, 1995.
2. BeneradRosener, Fundamentals of Biostatistics, 2006, Cenegage Learning.
HIMC 202 - HOSPITAL PLANNING AND MANAGEMENT

OBJECTIVE: To provide the knowledge of planning, designing and safety management in
hospital services.
UNIT I PLANNING AND ORGANIZATION OF THE HOSPITALS
Roles of hospital in healthcare-hospital planning and design-outpatient
servicesthenursing unit-intensive care unit-nursing services-effective hospital managementdirecting and leading-controlling financial management.
UNIT IICLINICAL AND ADMINISTRATIVE SERVICES
Radiology and imaging services-laboratory services-operation theatre suite pharmacycentral sterile supply department- hospital infection- materials management-evaluation of
hospital services.
UNIT III DESIGNING OF HOSPITAL SERVICES
Engineering department - maintenance management- clinical engineering electrical
system- air conditioning system- water supply and sanitary system centralized medical gas
system-communication system- solid waste management and transportation.
UNIT IV HOSPITAL SUPPORT SERVICES AND SAFETY SYSTEMS
Designing support services and safety management -Admitting department- medical
records department- food service department laundry and linen service-housekeepingvolunteer department- safety in hospital fire safety- Alarm system- disaster management.
23
UNIT V INFECTION CONTROL

Importance of infection control-hand hygiene-aseptic techniques-isolation
precautions-disinfection and sterilization-clinical laboratory standards to infection controlhealth care workers safety.
TEXTBOOKS:
1. G D Kunders, Biomechanics: Hospitals, facilities planning andmanagement, Tata
Mcgraw Hill, 2008.
2. B M Sakharkar, Principles of hospital administration and planning, JaypeeBrothers
Medical Publishers Pvt Limited, 2nd edition, 2009.
REFERENCE BOOK:
1. Sanjiv Singh, Sakthikumar Gupta, Sunil Kant, Hospital infection control guidelines,
principles and practice, Jaypee Brothers Medical Publishers Pvt Limited, First edition,
2012.
HIMC 203 ELECTRICAL CIRCUITS

OBJECTIVE: To impart knowledge on electrical circuits and networks.
UNIT I BASICS OF CIRCUIT ANALYSIS
Review of active and passive elements-Voltage Current relationship for passive
elements-Review of Kirchhoffs laws- network reduction techniques- series, parallel, series
parallel circuits. Review of fundamentals of ac circuits, inductance and capacitance
parameters, Concept of Reactance, Impedance, Susceptance and Admittance, Steady state
analysis of R, L and C (in series, parallel and series parallel combinations) with sinusoidal
excitation- power factor, Real and Reactive powers, Complex and Polar forms of
representation, Complex power. Definitions Graph Tree, Basic cut-set and Basic Tie-set
matrices for planar networks Loop - Duality & Dual networks.
UNIT II NETWORK THEOREMS FOR DC AND AC CIRCUITS
Review of loop and nodal methods of analysis, star-to-delta or delta-to-star
transformation, Source transformation Superposition theorem, Thevenins theorem, Nortons
theorem, reciprocity theorem, compensation theorem, Maximum power transfer theorem,
Millmans theorem and Tellegens theorem.
24
UNITIIICOUPLEDCIRCUITS,RESONANCEANDTHREEPHASECIRCUITS
Resonance Series and parallel resonance circuits- Concept of band width and Q
factor.Coupled Circuits: Faradays laws of electromagnetic induction Concept of self and
mutual inductance dot convention coefficient of coupling- linear transformer- ideal
transformer Three phase circuits: Phase sequence Star and delta connection Relation
between line and phase voltages and currents in balanced systems Analysis of balanced and
unbalanced 3 phase circuits two watt meter method to measure power and power factor.
UNIT IV TRANSIENT ANALYSIS
Initial conditions in elements-Evaluating initial conditions in networks-Transient
response of R-L, R-C, R-L-C circuits (Series combinations only) for impulse, step, pulse and
sinusoidal excitations -Solution using differential equation approach Laplace transform
methods of solutions- Response of circuits for non-sinusoidal periodic inputs
UNIT V NETWORK FUNCTIONS AND PARAMETERS
Network functions: The concept of complex frequency-Transform impedance and
transform circuits- driving point impedance and admittance-transfer function-poles and zeros.
Two port network parameters Z, Y, ABCD, hybrid parameters and their relations concept
of transformed network 2-port network parameters using transformed variables.
TEXT BOOK:
1. P. Ramesh Babu Circuit Analysis Second edition, Scitech publications Pvt. Ltd, Second
edition, 2009.
REFERENCE BOOKS:
1. William Hayt and Jack E. Kimmerly, Engineering circuit analysis McGraw Hill
th
Company, 6 edition, 2011.

2. N.C. Jagan and C.Lakshminarayana, Network Theory B.S Publications, 2006.
3. Kuriakose, Circuit Theory, PHI Learning, 2005.
HIMC 204 - SENSORS AND MEASUREMENTS

OBJECTIVE:To acquire the knowledge about sensors and its measurements
UNIT I SCIENCE OF MEASUREMENT
Measurement System Instrumentation Classification and Characteristics of
Transducers Static and Dynamic Errors in Measurements Calibration Primary and
secondary standards.
25
UNIT II DISPLACEMENT, PRESSURE AND TEMPERATURE SENSORS

Displacement Sensors: Strain Gauge: Gauge factor, sensing elements, configuration,
unbonded strain gage, biomedical applications; strain gauge as displacement transducer&
pressure transducers: force summing devices, capacitive transducer, inductive transducer,
LVDT Temperature transducers: Passive types: RTD materials & range, relative resistance
vs. temperature characteristics, thermistor characteristics, biomedical applications of
Temperature sensors. Active type: Thermocouple characteristics,
UNIT IIIPHOTOELECTRIC AND PIEZO ELECTRIC SENSORS
Phototube, Photo Multiplier Tube (PMT), photovoltaic, photoconductive cells, photo
diodes, phototransistor, comparison of photoelectric transducers, spectro-photometric
applications ofphoto electric transducers. Piezoelectric active transducer and biomedical
applications as pressure & ultrasound transducer.
UNIT IVSIGNAL CONDITIONING & SIGNAL ANALYSER
AC and DC Bridges wheat stone bridge, Kelvin, Maxwell, Hay, Schering -Preamplifier impedance matching circuits isolation amplifier. Spectrum analyzer.
UNIT VDISPLAY AND RECORDING DEVICES
Digital voltmeter Multi meter CRO block diagram, CRT vertical & horizontal
deflection system, DSO, LCD monitor, PMMC writing systems, servo recorders,
photographic recorder, magnetic tape recorder, XY recorder, thermal recorder.
TEXT BOOKS
1. Geddes, Leslie Alexander, and Lee Edward Baer. Principles of applied biomedical
instrumentation, John Wiley & Sons, 1975.
2. Albert D.Helfrick and William D. Cooper Modern Electronic Instrumentation and
Measurement Techniques, Prentice Hall of India, 2007.
REFERENCE BOOKS
1. Ernest O Doebelin and Dhanesh N Manik, Measurement systems, Application and
design, 5thedition, McGraw-Hill, 2007.
2. R.S Khandpur, Handbook of Biomedical Instrumentation, Tata McGraw-Hill,
NewDelhi, 2007.
3. Leslie Cromwell, Biomedical Instrumentation and measurement, Prentice hall of India,
New Delhi, 2007.
26
HIMC 205 - HEALTH CARE SYSTEMS

OBJECTIVE :To make the student to understand health care sector and hospital set up in a
larger perspective with an emphasis on the systems.
UNIT I ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUES
Introduction: Theoretical frame work - Environment - Internal and External
Environmental Scanning Economic Environment Competitive Environment Natural
Environment Politico Legal Environment Socio Cultural Environment - International and
Technological Environment.
UNIT II INTRODUCTION TO HEALTH CARE
A Conceptual Approach to Understanding the Health Care Systems: Evolution
Institutional Settings - Out Patient services Medical Services Surgical Services
Operating department Pediatric services Dental services Psychiatric services Casualty
& Emergency services Hospital Laboratory services Anesthesia services Obstetrics and
Gynecology services Neuro Surgery service Neurology services.
UNIT III OVERVIEW OF HEALTH CARE SECTOR IN INDIA
Primary care Secondary care Tertiary care Rural Medical care urban medical
care curative care Preventive care General & special Hospitals-Understanding the
Hospital Management Role of Medical, Nursing Staff, Paramedical and Supporting Staff Health Policy - Population Policy - Drug Policy Medical Education Policy
UNIT IVHEALTH CARE REGULATION
WHO, International Health regulations, IMA, MCI, State Medical Council Bodies,
Health universities and Teaching Hospitals and other Health care Delivery Systems
UNIT V EPIDEMIOLOGY ISSUES
Epidemiology -Aims Principles Descriptive, Analytical and Experimental
Epidemiology - Methods - Uses
TEXT BOOKS:
1. Zweifel.Peter, Breyer Friedrich, and MathiasKifmann, Health economics, Springer,
2009.
2. Y.Shanmugasundaram, Theory and practice of health economics in India, Institute for
Advanced Studies & Research, 1994.
27
HIMC 206 MEDICAL PHYSIOLOGY

OBJECTIVE: To understand clearly and identify the various parts of the human body, their
anatomical position, their functions and how these can be used in the design of effective
biomedical systems.
UNIT IINTRODUCTION TO HUMAN BODY, CELL, BLOOD
Overview of organ systems, Basic terminologies (Directional, regional, planes,
feedback) - Cell: Different types of cells, Cell Structure and its organelles -Functions of each
component in the cell - Membrane transport across membrane - Origin of cell membrane
potential - Action potential and propagation -Blood-Composition-RBC, WBC and Platelets.
UNIT IICARDIOVASCULAR AND RESPIRATORY SYSTEMS
Structure of heart -Circulation types - Cardiac cycle- Volume and pressure changes ECG - Heart sounds - Blood pressure -Regulation of BP - Parts of respiratory system ,
Mechanics of respiration - Carbon dioxide and oxygen transport - Regulation of respiration Volumes and capacities of lung, Types of hypoxia
UNIT IIINERVOUS SYSTEM AND MUSCULOSKELETAL SYSTEM
Nerve cell anatomy -Functions of nervous system - Brain anatomy and hemispheres
Meninges - Cerebra Spinal Fluid-Circulation and Absorption-Spinal cord anatomy - Reflex
action-PNS - Skeletal System -Functions -Anatomy of long bone Formation, growth and
repair - Structural and functional classification of joints - Functions of muscular system
Types of muscles - Sliding Filament. Model - Neuromuscular junction - Physiology of
muscle contraction
UNIT IV DIGESTIVE AND EXCRETORY SYSTEM
Digestive system-Organization -Movements of GI tract - Digestion at various parts
(Mouth to Large Intestine) - Accessory organs of Digestion (Salivary glands, Liver, Pancreas,
Gall Bladder) Defecation - Excretory System - Functions of urinary system - Microanatomy
and functions of nephron - Physiology of urine formation Micturition
UNIT V SPECIAL ORGANS AND ENDOCRINE GLANDS
Eyes-retina Layers, Visual Pathway - Internal ear-Physiology-Auditory Pathway Sense of Taste - Sense of Smell, touch - Endocrine glands-different glands and their
hormones - Pituitary, Thyroid Parathyroid glands-Secretions Maintenance of Calcium
homeostasis - Maintenance of glucose homeostasis
28
TEXTBOOK:
1. Arthur C, Guyton, John Hall.E Textbook of Medical Physiology, W.B.Saunders
Company, Twelfth edition, 2006
REFERENCE BOOKS:
1. Sarada Subramanyam,Madhavan Kutty. K and Singh. H.D, Text Book of Human
Physiology Chand. S, & Company, First Edition, 1996.
2. Ranganathan T S, Text Book of Human Anatomy, Chand S, & Co. Ltd.,Fifth
Edition,1996.
HIMP 207 CIRCUITS AND DEVICES LAB

HIMP 208 BIOSENSORS LAB
HIMC 301 - MEDICAL INSTRUMENTATION

OBJECTIVE: To gain basic knowledge about Bio potentials, Bio electrodes and bio
amplifier and to give a complete exposure of various recording mechanism and to understand
the basic principles, working of biomedical instruments.
UNIT I BIO ELECTRODES AND BIOCHEMICAL SENSORS
Components of Medical Instrumentation System Origin of Bio potential: Action
Potential, Nernst Equation, Goldman equation, Hodgkin- Huxley model Electrode
electrolyte interface, Half-cell potential, Polarisable and Non-polarisable electrodes - Skin
electrode interface Bio-electrodes: Surface-, Micro-. Needle electrodes- Equivalent circuits
of electrodes Biochemical-, and Transcutaneous- electrodes: pH, pO2, pCO2 - Ion sensitive
Field effect Transistors.
UNIT II BIO AMPLIFIERSAND BIOELECTRIC SIGNALS
Bio amplifiers- Carrier Amplifier, - Isolation Amplifier - Differential amplifier Chopper Amplifier - Instrumentation Amplifier - Bioelectric signals (ECG, EMG,EEG, EOG
& ERG) and their characteristics - Electrodes for ECG, EEG and EMG -Einthoven triangle,
Standard 12-lead configurations - ECG Machine EMG machine 10-20 electrodes
placement system for EEG - EEG machine Heart sound and characteristics, PCG
29
UNIT III PATIENT MONITORING SYSTEMS AND BIOTELEMETRY

Measurement of Blood pressure Direct Methods and Indirect Methods -Temperature
- Respiration rate - Heart rate measurement - Apnea detectors -Oximetry -Pulse oximeter, Ear
oximeter - Computerized patient monitoring system Bedside, Central Monitoring system
Biotelemetry: Basics components, andits different types.
UNIT IV CARDIAC MEASUREMENTS AND DEVICES
Cardiac output Measuring techniques Dye Dilution method, Thermo dilution
method BP method - Blood Flow measuring Techniques: Electromagnetic Type -Ultrasound
Blood Flow meter, Laser Doppler Blood Flow meter Cardiac Arrhythmias
Plethysmography - Cardiac Pacemakers Defibrillator: AC-, and DC- types - Heart-Lung
Machine (HLM) Oxygenators
UNIT V ANALYTICAL EQUIPMENTS
Chemical Fibro sensors, Fluorescence sensors - Glucose Sensor - Blood cell counters
- Coulter counter, Electrical Impedance Method, Optical Method -Colorimeter,
Spectrophotometer, Flame photometer Chromatography Mass Spectrometer - Electrical
hazard Micro- and Macro- shock - Patient safety procedures
TEXTBOOKS:
1. L.A.Geoddes, and L.E.Baker, Principles of Applied Biomedical Instrumentation ,John
Wiley, 3rdEdition, 1975, Reprint 1989.
2. R.S.Khandpur, Hand-book of Biomedical Instrumentation, Tata McGrawHill,
2ndEdition, 2003.
3. Leslie Cromwell, J. Fred Weibell, A. Erich Pfeiffer. Biomedical Instrumentation and
Measurements, Prentice-Hall India, 2ndEdition, 1997
REFERENCE BOOKS:
1. R. Stuart, MacKay, Bio-Medical Telemetry: Sensing and Transmitting Biological
Information from Animals and Man, Wiley-IEEE Press, 2ndEdition, 1968.
2. John G. Webster, Medical Instrumentation application and design, JohnWiley, 3rd
Edition, 1997.
30
HIMC 302 - SIGNALS AND SYSTEMS

OBJECTIVE: To familiarize with techniques suitable for analyzing and synthesizing both
continuous-time and discrete time systems.
UNIT I CLASSIFICATION OF SIGNALS AND SYSTEMS
Representation of discrete time signals, Elementary discrete time signal,
Basicoperation on signals, classification of signals-Deterministic and random signal, periodic
and Non-periodic, Energy and power signal, causal and Non-causal signal, Even and Odd
signal. Classification of systems- static and dynamic system, casual and non-causal system,
linear and non-linear system, time-variant and time invariant system, stable and unstable
system
UNIT II ANALYSIS OF CONTINUOUS TIME SIGNALS
Fourier series analysis-Trigonometric Fourier series, Cosine Fourier series,
Exponential Fourier series, Fourier Spectrum of continuous time signals, Fourier transform
analysis, Laplace transform, Analysis of electrical network using Laplace transform.
UNIT III LTI CONTINUOUS TIME SYSTEMS
Analysis of differential equation-Transfer function-Impulse response-Frequency
response-Convolution integral- Fourier Methods-Laplace transforms analysis-Block diagram
representation-State variable equation and Matrix
UNIT IV ANALYSIS OF DISCRETE TIME SIGNALS
Spectrum of DT signals-Discrete Time Fourier Transform (DTFT)-Properties of
discrete time Fourier transform-Discrete Fourier Transform (DFT)-Properties of DFT-Ztransform in signal analysis-Properties of Z- transform-Inverse Z-transform
UNIT VLTI DISCRETE TIME SYSTEMS
Analysis of differential equation-Transfer function-Impulse response-Frequency
response-Convolution SUM Fast Fourier transform- Block diagram representation-State
variable equation and Matrix.
TEXTBOOKS:
1. Anand Kumar A, Signals and Systems, PHI learning Pvt. Ltd.,2nd Edition, 2012.
2. Simon Haykin and Barry Van Veen, Signals and Systems, John Willey &Sons, Inc., 2nd
Edition, 2004.
31
REFERENCE BOOKS
1. Ashok Ambardar, Analog and Digital Signal Processing, Thomson Learning Inc, 2nd,
1999.
2. Allan V, Oppenhein et al, Signals and Systems, Prentice Hall of India Pvt. Ltd, 2nd
Edition, 1997.
HIMC 303 - ANALOG AND DIGITAL ICs
OBJECTIVE: To acquire the knowledge about the characteristics and operation of various
analog and digital ICs
UNIT I OPERATIONAL AMPLIFIERS
The characteristics of Ideal Operation slew rate, offset voltage, bias current, CMRR,
bandwidth- equivalent circuit of an op-Amp virtual ground concept Linear applications of
op-amp inverting and non-inverting amplifier, summing, subtracting, averaging amplifier voltage to current converter current to voltage converter Differential amplifiers
differentiator and integrator. Non-linear applications comparator - Schmitt Triggers
Precision diode half wave and full wave rectifiers Average detectors peak detector
UNIT II ACTIVE FILTERS AND SIGNAL GENERATOR
Active filters (first and second order) Low pass, high pass, band pass filters, band
reject filters (notch filters). Oscillators - RC Phase shift and Wein-bridge. Waveform
generators - Square, triangular and saw tooth.
UNIT III TIMER, PLL AND DATA CONVERTERS
555 Timer (internal diagram) and its applications monostable multivibrator, astable
multivibrator. Phase Locked Loop (565 - block diagram approach) and its applications Frequency multiplication, Frequency translation, voltage to frequency and frequency to
voltage converters. DAC Binary weighted DAC and R-2R DAC. ADC single slope and
dual slopeADCs, successive approximation ADC
UNIT IV NUMBER SYSTEMS AND LOGIC GATES
Decimal, Binary, Octal and Hexadecimal Numbers.-Conversion between these
number systems.-Complements: rs and (r-1)s complements.- subtraction using complements
Encoding number and characters using Binary digits. Binary Coded Decimal Gray code
- Binary to Gray code conversion ASCII Code. Logic gates Truth tables NOT, AND,
OR, NOR, NAND, XOR, XNOR - Boolean Laws and theorems Solving Boolean
expressions, Truth Tables and Logic circuits The Karnaugh Map half adder, full adder,
Multiplexers and De-multiplexers -Decoders and encoders. Coding of Combination Circuits
in Verilog.
32
UNIT V REGISTERS AND COUNTERS

Flip Flops RS, D, T, and JK Flip Flops Characteristic equations, exciting tables
JK Master Slave flip-flop Universal shift register. Design of modulo-N counters counter
design using state diagram- sequential circuit design with Verilog.
TEXT BOOKS:
1. Ramakant A. Gayakwad , Op-amp and Linear Ics, Prince Hall, 1994
2. M. Morris Mano , Digital Logic and Computer design, Prentice Hall 1994.
REFERENCE BOOKS:
1. Robert B.Northrop, Analysis and Application of Analog Electronic Circuits
toBiomedical Instrumentation, CRC Press, 2004.
2. Sergio Franco, Design with Operational Amplifiers and analog Integrated circuits, Tata
McGraw-Hills, 2002.
HIMC304 -ELECTRICAL AND ELECTRONIC MEASUREMENTS

OBJECTIVE: To acquire knowledge about various electrical and electronic measurements.
UNIT I MEASUREMENT OF ELECTRICAL QUANTITIES
Galvanometers Ballistic, DArsonval galvanometer Theory, calibration,
application Principle, construction, operation and comparison of moving coil, moving iron
meters, dynamometer, induction type & thermal type meter, rectifier type Extension of
range and calibration of voltmeter and ammeter Errors and compensation.
Electrodynamometer type wattmeter theory, errors: Methods of correction LPF
wattmeter Phantom loading Induction type KWH meter Calibration of wattmeter,
energy meter.
UNIT II POTENTIOMETERS AND INSTRUMENT TRANSFORMERS
DC potentiometer Basic circuit, standardization Laboratory type (Cromptons)
AC potentiometer Drysdale (polar type) type Gall-Tinsley (coordinate) type Limitations
& applications Magnetic measurements Ballistic Galvanometer, Grassot flux meter
testing of ring specimen method of reversal and step by step method testing of bar
specimen Hopkinsons permeameter Iron loss measurement by Lloyd Fisher square. AC
test on magnetic materials. C.T and V.T construction, theory, operation, phasor diagram,
characteristics, testing, error elimination Applications.
UNIT III RESISTANCE AND IMPEDANCE MEASUREMENT
Measurement of low, medium & high resistance Ammeter, voltmeter method
Wheatstone bridge Kelvin double bridge Series and shunt type ohmmeter High
33
resistance measurement Megger Direct deflection methods Prices guard-wire method

Loss of charge method Earth resistance measurement. A.C bridges Measurement of
inductance, capacitance Q of coil Maxwell Bridge Weins bridge Heys bridge
Schering bridge Anderson bridge Campbell bridge to measure mutual inductance
Introduction to cable fault and eddy current measurement.
UNIT IV SIGNAL GENERATORS AND ANALYZERS
Sine wave generator Frequency synthesized sine wave generator Sweep frequency
generator, pulse and square wave generator Function generator Wave analyzer
Applications Harmonic distortion analyzer Spectrum analyzer Applications Audio
Frequency generator Noise generator.
UNIT V RECORDERS AND DISPLAY SYSTEMS
Cathode Ray Oscilloscope, Recorders and Displays -Introduction to general purpose
oscilloscope Screens for CRT graticules Vertical & horizontal deflection systems Delay
line Multiple trace Dual beam & dual trace Probes Oscilloscope techniques Special
oscilloscopes Storage oscilloscopes Sampling oscilloscope. X-Y Plotters, magnetic tape
recording,direct, FM , digital recording, Data loggers. Displaydevices: LED TFT- LCD
Annunciators, Numerics, Alphanumerics
TEXT BOOKS:
1. E.W.Golding&F.C.Widdis, Electrical Measurements & Measuring Instruments,
A.H.Wheeler& Co, 1994.
2. Albert D. Helfrick& William D. Cooper, Modern Electronic Instrumentation &
Measurement Techniques, Prentice Hall of India, 2002.
REFERENCE BOOKS
1. Patranabis, Principles of Electronic Instrumentation, PHI, 2007
2. Joseph. J. Carr, Elements of Electronic Instrumentation & Measurements, III edition,
Pearson Education, 2003.
3. A.K. Sawhney, Electrical & Electronic Measurements and Instrumentation,
DhanpathRai& Co (P) Ltd, 2004.
34
HIMC 305 - BIOLOGICAL CONTROL SYSTEMS

OBJECTIVE: To gain basic knowledge about the concepts of control systems and study its
application in physiological modelling.
UNIT I CONTROL SYSTEM MODELING
System concept, Differential Equations, Transfer functions, modelling of electrical
systems Translational systems, Rotational mechanical systems, Electromechanical systems,
physiological systems, Modelling block diagram, reduction methods, Signal flow graphs
UNIT II TIME RESPONSE ANALYSIS
Time domain specifications, step and impulse response analysis of first order and
second order systems, steady state errors, stability, Routh-Hurwitz criteria, Root locus
techniques, construction of root locus stability, Dominant poles applications of Root locus
diagram
UNIT III FREQUENCY RESPONSE ANALYSIS
Frequency response Bode plot, Nyquist plot, Nyquist stability criterion, Relative
stability, Gain margin, phase margin, bandwidth magnitude plots, Polar plot, Nichols chart,
Constant M and N circles.
UNIT IV PHYSIOLOGICAL CONTROL SYSTEM
Introduction to physiological control systems, Human Thermal system,
neuromuscular system occulomotor system, Respiratory system, difference between
engineering and physiological control systems, generalized system properties.
UNIT V MODELLING OF PHYSIOLOGICAL SYSTEMS
Modelling of human movements, parameter estimation, linearizing, Block diagram
representation of the muscle stretch reflex, Linear model of respiratory mechanics, model of
chemical regulation of ventilation, linear model of muscle mechanics, model of regulation of
cardiac output, model of Neuromuscular reflex, motion models with combination of system
elements simulation.
TEXTBOOKS:
1. Nagrath J, and Gopal M, Control System Engineering, New Ageinternational
Publishers, 5thEdition, 2007.
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2. Gopal M, Control System Principles and Design, Tata McGraw Hill, 2ndEdition,
2002.
REFERENCE BOOK:
1. Michael C K, Khoo, Physiological control systemsIEEE press, John Wiley& Sons Inc.,
1st Edition, 2000.
HIMC 306 - DIAGNOSTIC AND THERAPEUTIC EQUIPMENTS-I

OBJECTIVE: To make aware of the students about the various biomedical equipments.
UNIT I CARDIAC EQUIPMENTS
Normal and abnormal ECG waveform, diagnosis interpretation, cardiac pacemakerexternal pacemaker, implantable pacemaker, different types of pacemakers, fibrillation,
defibrillator, AC defibrillator, DC defibrillator, electrodes, synchronised and unsynchronised
types. EEG diagnostic interpretation, recording and analysis of EMG waveforms.
UNIT II RESPIRATORY INSTRUMENTS
Heart lung machines - Need for the unit, functioning of bubble, disc type and
membrane type oxygenerators, finger pump, roller pump, electronic monitoring of functional
parameter. Spirometer, Respiratory volume measurement, pnemograph, artificial respirator
IPR type, functioning, Pulse Oximetry.
UNIT III INSTRUMENTS DEALING WITH KIDNEYS AND BONES
Regulation of Water and Electrolyte Balance Artificial Kidney Hemo dialysis Crafts fordialysis - Peritoneal dialysis - Dialyzers different types BMDMeasurements
SXA DXA - Quantitative ultrasound bone densitometer Principles of Dialysis
Hemodialysis.
UNIT IV ELECTRICAL STIMULATORS
Electrical stimulators: Strength-duration curve, types of stimulators, an
electrodiagnostic therapeutic stimulator. Nerve-muscle stimulator: peripheral nerve
stimulator, Ultrasonic stimulators, stimulators for pain and relief. Principles of Cryogenic
technique and application, Endoscopy, Laparoscopy, Thermography.
UNIT V PATIENT MONITORING SYSTEMS
Patient monitoring system ICU, post operative, ICCU, single channel telemetry,
multichannel telemetry. Transmission of Bio signals over telephone lines. Digital central
monitoring systems for patient monitoring. Computer based arrhythmia detection system.
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TEXT BOOKS:
1. Khandpur R.S, Handbook of Biomedical Instrumentation, Tata McGraw-Hill, New
Delhi, 1997.
2. John G. Webster, Medical Instrumentation: Application and Design, Wiley; 3 edition,
August 1997.
REFERENCE BOOK:
1.
Joseph J.carr and John M. Brown, Introduction to Biomedical equipment technology,

John wiley and sons, New York, 1997.
HIMP 307 -LINEAR AND DIGITAL ICS LAB

HIMC 308- DIAGNOSTIC AND THERAPEUTIC EQUIPMENTS LAB
HIMC 401 - DIAGNOSTIC AND THERAPEUTIC EQUIPMENTS-II

OBJECTIVE: To acquire knowledge about ultrasound, biotelemetry and diagnostic
techniques.
UNIT I ULTRASONIC TECHNIQUES
Diagnosis: Basic principles of Echo technique, display techniques A, B and M mode,
Application of ultrasound as diagnostic tool Echocardiogram, abdomen, obstetrics and
gynaecology, ophthalmology.
UNIT II PATIENT MONITORING AND BIOTELEMETRY
ICU/CCU Equipments, Infusion pumps, bed side monitors, Central consoling
controls. Radio Telemetry (single, multi), Portable and Landline Telemetry unit, Applications
in ECG and EEG Transmission.
UNIT III DIATHERMY SYSTEMS
Diathermy-IR and UV lamp and its application. Thermography Recording and
clinical application. Short wave diathermy, ultrasonic diathermy, Microwave diathermy,
Electro surgery machine - Current waveforms, Tissue Responses, Electro surgical current
level.
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UNIT-IV SENSORY INSTRUMENTS

Mechanism of Hearing, Sound Conduction System - Basic Audiometer, Pure tone
audiometer, Audiometer system Bekesy Hearing Aids - Ophthalmoscope Tonometer Measurement of Basal Skin response and Galvanic skin response -Instruments for testing
Motor responses - Experimental Analysis of Behavior - Biofeedback Instrumentation.
UNIT V PATIENT SAFETY
Physiological effects of electricity important susceptibility parameters Macro
shock Micro shock hazards Patients electrical environment Isolated Power system
Conductive surfaces Electrical safety codes and standards Basic Approaches to protection
against shock, Protection equipment design, Electrical safety analyzer Testing the Electric
system
TEXT BOOKS:
1. Leslie Cromwell, Biomedical Instrumentation and Measurement, Prentice Hall ofIndia,
New Delhi, 2007
2. John G. Webster, Medical Instrumentation Application and Design, John Willey
andsons, 2002
3. J. Joseph. Carr and John M. Brown, Introduction to Biomedical equipment technology
, John Willey and sons, New York, 1997
REFERENCE BOOKS
1. Richard Aston, Principles of Biomedical Instrumentation and Measurement,
MerrilPublishing Company, 1990.
2. L.A Geddas and L.E.Baker,Principles of Applied Biomedical Instrumentation, 2004.
3. John G. Webster, Bioinstrumentation, John Willey and sons, New York, 2004.
HIMC402 - BIOMECHANICS
OBJECTIVE: To impart knowledge on bio mechanics in hard and soft tissues and bones and
joints and locomotion
UNIT I BASIC BIOLOGICAL PRINCIPLES
Diffusion - surface tension and viscosity characteristics influencing factors biological applications. Introduction to mechanics: Review of principles of mechanics vector mechanics- Resultant forces of Coplanar and Non-coplanar- Concurrent and nonconcurrent forces - parallel force in space - Equilibrium of coplanar forces - Newtons laws of
motion -work and energy -moment of inertia. Fluid mechanics: Introduction - viscosity and
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capillary viscometer -rheological properties of blood - laminar flow -Couette flow and
Hagen-poiseuille equation - turbulent flow.
UNIT II HARD TISSUES
Bone structure - composition and mechanical properties of bone - viscoelastic
properties - Maxwell and Voight models anisotropy -electrical properties of bone - fracture
mechanism and crack propagation in bones - fracture fixators - repairing of bones mechanical properties of collagen rich tissues, teeth and its properties.
UNIT III SOFT TISSUES
Soft tissues -Structure and functions of cartilages, tendons ligaments - stress-strain
relationship - soft tissue mechanics - mechanical testing of soft tissues- standard sample
preparation - cross-section measurement - clamping of the specimen - strain measurement environmental control, time dependent properties of testing.
UNIT IV BONES, JOINTS AND LOCO MOTOR SYSTEMS
Joints - classification based on structural, functional and regional- characters
mechanism of lubrication of synovial joints. Bone composition- classification.
Biomechanics of joints: Skeletal joints - basic considerations - basic assumption and
limitations - forces and stresses - mechanics of the elbow, shoulder, spinal column, hip, knee
and ankle.
UNIT V LOCOMOTION
Basis - gait analysis and goniometry ergonomics -foot pressure measurements
force platform - mechanics of foot. Total Hip Prosthesis: requirements - types of components
- Stress analysis and instrumentation, Knee Prosthesis. Cardiovascular mechanics: Heart
valves - artificial valves - biological and mechanical valves development - testing.
TEXT BOOKS:
1. Donald R. Peterson and Joseph D. Bronzino, Biomechanics Principles and applications,
CRC press, Taylor & Francis Group, LLC, 2008.
2. Duane Knudson, Fundamentals of Biomechanics, Springer publication, 2ndEdition,
2007
3. R. McNeill Alexander, Biomechanics, Chapman and Hall, New York, 1975.
REFERENCE BOOKS:
1. D. N.Ghista, Biomechanics of Medical Devices, Marcel Dekker, New York, 1982.
2. D N Ghista and Roaf, Orthopaedic Mechanics:Procedures and Devices, Academic
Press, London, 1978.
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3. V.C. Mow and W.C. Hayes, Basic Orthopedic Biomechanics, Lippincott- Raven
Publishers, Philadelphia, 1997.
HIMC 403 - MICROPROCESSOR AND MICROCONTROLLER

OBJECTIVE: To understand the functioning of microprocessor and microcontroller and to
use them for various applications in biomedical instrumentation.
UNIT I MICROPROCESSOR
Microprocessor architecture and assembly language - memory - input and output
Memory and I/O interfacing - Micro computer system - interfacing devices - 8085 based
microprocessor- instruction classification, format, timings and operation status - over view of
8085 instruction set.
UNIT II PROGRAMMING THE MICROPROCESSOR
Programming the 8085 - data transfer instructions - arithmetic operations - logical and
branching operations Assembler Assembler directives - writing assembly language
programs - looping, counting and indexing - 16 bit arithmetic instructions - arithmetic
operations related to memory - logical operations, rotate, compare - counter and time delays debugging techniques.
UNIT III PERIPHERAL DEVICES
Interfacing: Memory- and I/O- interfacing- Programmable Peripheral Interface(PPI)8255: Pin diagram, block diagram, and operating modes- Programmable Communication
Interface (PCI)-8251 USART: Pin diagram, block diagram, and command wordProgrammable Interrupt Controller (PIC)-8259A: Pin diagram, block diagram, interrupt
sequence, and cascading- Keyboard/Display Controller-8279: Pin diagram, block diagram,
operating modes- DMA Controller-8237: Pin diagram, and block diagram
UNIT IV MICROCONTROLLER
Introduction to 8 bit microcontroller, bus configuration, reset circuitry power down
considerations, architecture of 8031/8051, Signal descriptions of 8051, Register set of 8051,
Memory- and I/O Interfacing: Interrupts, instruction set, and addressing mode- Simple
programs
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UNIT V APPLICATIONS IN MEDICINE

Mobile phone based bio signal recording, microprocessor based vision system for
integrated diagnostic helping devices, Microprocessor based remote health monitoring
system: Concept and systems, and system operation.
TEXTBOOKS:
1. Ramesh S Gaonkar, Microprocessor architecture, programming and its application with
8085, Penram Int. Pub. (India), 5th Edition, 2002.
2. Roy A, Bhurchandi K K.M, Intel Microprocessors Architecture, Programming and
Interfacing, McGraw Hill International 2ndEdition, 2006.
3. Kenneth J. Ayala, The 8051 Microcontroller Architecture, Programming &
Applications, Penram International Publishing (India), Mumbai, 1996.
HIMC 404 - REHABILITATION ENGINEERING

OBJECTIVE: To learn the basic concepts of rehabilitation engineering and assist devices
and to understand the importance of biomedical engineering in rehabilitation.
UNIT II NTRODUCTION TO REHABILITATION ENGINEERING
Introduction to Rehabilitation Engineering - PHAATE model - Clinical practice of
rehabilitation Engineering - Low technology tools - Service delivery Universal design Design based on human ability - Standards for assistive technology -Test for best design
UNIT II WHEEL CHAIR
Seating Assessment - Interventions in seating system - Biological aspects of tissue
health - Support surface classification - Manual wheelchairs Electric power wheelchairs Power assisted wheelchairs - Wheel chair standards & tests- Wheel chair transportation
UNIT III ORTHOTIC AND PROSTHETIC DEVICES
Anatomy of upper & lower extremities - Classification of amputation types,
Prosthesis prescription - Components of upper limb prosthesis - Fabrication of prosthesis Components of lower limb prosthesis Orthoses: Its need and types- Lower extremity- and
upper extremity- orthoses - Slints materials used
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UNIT IV ASSISTIVE TECHNOLOGY FOR VISION AND HEARING

Anatomy of eye, Categories of visual impairment - Cortical & retinal implants Auditory Information Display - Blind mobility aids reading writing & graphics access,
Orientation &navigation Aids - Anatomy of ear hearing functional assessment - Surgical
and non-surgical hearing aids - Assistive technology solutions for hearing Tactile Information Display
UNIT V ADVANCED APPLICATIONS
Functional Electrical stimulation - Robots in rehabilitation - Rehabilitation in sportsDaily living aids - Assistive technology for dyslexia - Computer &Internet access for
challenged people - Neural engineering in rehabilitation engineering - Role of biomedical
engineering in rehabilitation
TEXTBOOK:
1. A.Rory, Cooper, Hisaichi Ohnabe, Douglas A, Hodson, An Introduction to
Rehabilitation Engineering, CRC Press, 1st Edition, 2006.
REFERENCE BOOKS:
1. Marion A Hersh, Michael A, Johnson, Assistive Technology for Visually impaired and
blind people, Springer Publications, 1st Edition, 2008.
2. Suzanne Robitaille, The illustrated guide to Assistive technology and devices Tools and
gadgets for living independently, Demos HealthNewyork, 1st Edition, 2010.
HIMC 405 -LAB SERVICES AND BIOCHEMISTRY

OBJECTIVE: To learn the basic concepts of biochemistry and to understand the importance
of lab services in hospital.
UNIT I CLINICAL BIOCHEMISTRY
Automation in clinical biochemistry, gastric and blood disorders: Automation in
Clinical Biochemistry- Instrumental concept, Selection of Instrument, Quality assurance,
Control of pre-analytical and analytical variables, External and internal quality control
measurements. Good Clinical Practices: Basics and principles. Gastric disorders: Disorders of
gastric function, method of evaluation, pancreatic diseases, Steatorrhoea, Malabsorption
syndrome tests for their evaluation.
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UNIT II BLOOD DISORDERS

Review of mechanism of coagulation and fibrinolysis, abnormalities in blood
coagulation, variation of plasma proteins, abnormalities of blood formation, anemia,
haemoglobinopathies, clinical significance of fecal and urine analysis.
UNIT III ENDOCRINOLOGY
Insulin and glucagon: Various types of hyperglycemia, Diabetes mellitus Ketonemia,
ketonuria, Experimental diabetes, Hypoglycemia, Polyurea, Glucose tolerance test.Thyroid:
Iodine metabolism, Hypo and Hyper thyroidism, B.M.R.and other test for evaluation of
thyroid function. Parathyroid: Calcium and phosphorus metabolism. Abnormalities of
parathyroid function and methods of evaluation.
UNIT IV CLINICAL SYNDROMES
Endocrinology-AdrenalAddisons disease and pheochromocytoma, Disorders of
steroid metabolism, test for evaluation of adrenal functions.Pituitary: Pituitary hormones,
Clinical syndromes and their evaluation.
UNIT V LIVER DISORDERS
Liver disorders - Jaundice, fatty liver and liver function tests. Renal function test.
Cerebrospinal fluid: Composition in health and disease .Lipid profile in health and disease.
Elements of clinical enzymology: Isoenzymes in health and disease. Clinical significance of
GOT, GPT, Creatine kinase, LDH etc. Biochemical diagnosis of disease by enzymatic
evaluation.
TEXT BOOKS:
1. Marshall, William J., and Stephen K. Bangert, eds. Clinical biochemistry: metabolic and
clinical aspects, Elsevier Health Sciences, 2008.
2. Hall, John Edward, and Arthur C. Guyton. Textbook of medical physiology, Saunders,
2011.
3. Levy, Matthew N., Bruce M. Koeppen, and Bruce A. Stanton. Berne and levy
principles of physiology. Mosby Inc, 2006.
REFERENCE BOOKS:
1. M.Berg, Jeremy, John L. Tymoczko, and Lubert Stryer. Biochemistry, W. H., 2002.
2. Thomas Devli. Biochemistry with clinical correlation, 2011
43
3. John Stanbury, The metabolic basis of inherited disease, Vol. 2. New York: McGrawHill, 1989.
4. C. A Burtis, R. A. Ashwood, and E. Bruns. Tietz fundamentals of clinical chemistry,
Saunders. Saint Louis, 2008.
HIMC 406 - BIO SIGNAL PROCESSING

OBJECTIVE: To learn the fundamental concepts of signal processing and to apply common
signal processing techniques for various biomedical signals.
UNIT I FUNDAMENTALS OF SIGNAL PROCESSING
Sampling and aliasing, Signal reconstruction, Signal conversion systems,Circular
convolution Correlation- Autocorrelation Cross correlation, FFT -decimation in time
algorithm, Decimation in Frequency algorithm
UNIT II DIGITAL FILTER DESIGN
Basics of filter, Design of IIR filter-impulse invariant method Bilinear
Transformation Method Warping and pre-warping effect, Frequency transformation,
Characteristics of FIR filter, FIR filter design using windowing techniques- Rectangular
window Hamming window Hanning window
UNIT III WAVELET AND SPEECH PROCESSING
Introduction to wavelets, Time frequency representation, Discrete wavelet transform,
pyramid algorithm, Comparison of Fourier transform and wavelet transform, Speech analysis
Cepstrum Homomorphic filtering of speech signals, EEG signal characteristics EEG
analysis.
UNIT IVANALYSIS OF BIO SIGNALS
Automatic analysis and classification of ECG, P-wave detection, QRS complex
detection, Correlation analysis of ECG signals, Signal averaged ECG, Analysis of Heart Rate
variability, Synchronized averaging of PCG envelopes, envelogram, Analysis of PCG signal,
Analysis of EMG signal
UNIT V ADVANCED TOPICS IN BSP
Analysis of non-stationary signals- time variant system Fixed segmentation-Short
time Fourier transform, autocorrelation function method, Spectral error measure method,
generalized likelihood ratio, Introduction to Adaptive filters, Adaptive segmentation .
44
TEXTBOOKS:
1. John G, Proakis and Dimitris Manolakis G. Digital Signal Processing, Algorithms and
Applications, PHI of India Ltd., New Delhi, fourth Edition, 2007.
2. Rangaraj M Rangayyan, Biomedical signal processing, IEEE press, first edition, 2002.
REFERENCE BOOKS:
1. D.C Reddy, Biomedical Signal Processing: Principles and Techniques, Tata McGrawHill, New Delhi,2nd edition,2005.
2. Sanjit.K, Mitra, Digital Signal Processing, A Computer Based Approach, TataMcGrawHill, New Delhi, 4th edition, 2011.
HIMP 407 - MICROCONTROLLER AND BIO-EMBEDDED SYSTEMS LAB

HIMP 408 - BIOSIGNAL PROCESSING AND SIMULATION LAB
HIMC 501BIOMEDICAL WASTE AND HAZARD MANAGEMENT

OBJECTIVE: To familiarize the students to identify the areas of biomedical wastes, and
managing of the same.
UNIT I INTRODUCTION
Objectives Control and Prevention Housekeeping - Dietary Services Linen and
Laundry Central Sterile Supply Department (CSSD) Security Engineering Aspects
Nursing Care Waste Disposal Antibiotic Policy Hospital Infection Control CommitteeComposition Role and Functions Surveillance Processing of Information Collected
Mode of transmission Interruption of Transmission High Risk Procedures Training and
Education Universal Precautions for Health Care Workers.
UNIT II WASTE MANAGEMENT
Various types of hospital waste such as biomedical organic etc., and their health
hazards. Collection, transportation, and efficient disposal of hospital wastes, recycling, reuse
etc.
45
UNIT III FIRE HAZARDS

Elements of Fire Fire Hazard Triangle Causes of Hospital Fires Fire Protection
Structure Planning and Design Considerations Buildings: Harness Communication ZoneBuilding Services Central Air Conditioning Facilities Electric Installations Special
Hazards Fixed Installations Hazards Associated with Furnishing Material, Curtains
Upholstery, Dresses, Bed and Bedding Materials Water Supply Fire Points and Escape
Routes Fuel Store Manual Call Points Means of Escape and Evacuation Risk
Evaluation.
UNIT IV RADIATION HAZARDS
Introduction Biological Effects of Radiation Diagnostic Imaging Radiation
Protection and Safety Radiation Safety Monitoring Principles in the Layout of a
Diagnostic X-Ray Room Video Imaging Modalities Contrast Media Laser Imaging
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Planning Constraints Preventive Measures Against
Magnetic Field Hazards Nuclear Medicine Department Facility Planning Radiation
Protection Aspects Radioactive Waste Collection and Disposal Procedure for Obtaining
Clearance.
UNIT V DISASTER MANAGEMENT
Objectives Basic Concepts Disaster Classification Disaster Process Spectrum
of Disaster Management Special Characteristics Principles of Disaster Planning
Disaster and Health Problems Organization for Medical Relief Principles of Mass
Casualty Management Objectives of and Need for Hospital Disaster Plan Disaster
Committee Organization Role and Responsibilities Organizing Disaster Facilities
Disaster Response Alert and Recall Deployment Disaster Administration Disaster
Manual Disaster Drill.
TEXT BOOKS:
1. Shailendra K.Singh Safety & Risk Management, Mittal Publishers, 1998.
2. J.H.Diwan Safety, Security & Risk Management,APH pub, 2004.
3. Stephen Ayers & Garmvik Text Book of Critical Care, 4th Edition,WBSaunders, 2000.
REFERENCE BOOKS:
1. A. G.Chandorkar,Hospital Administration and Planning, Paras Medical Publisher,
2009.
2. S. L Goel,and Ram Kumar Hospital Administration and Management, Deep & Deep
Publications, 2002.
46
3. B.M. Sakharkar Principal of Hospital Administration and Planning, 2nd Edition, Jaypee
publications, 1998
4. Goel, S. L., and R. Kumar, Management of Hospitals: Hospital Administration in the
21st Century, Deep & Deep Publications, 2002.
HIMC502HOSPITALMANAGEMENTANDITFORHEALTHCARE
OBJECTIVE: To make the student understand MIS as a managerial decision making tool
and to know the sources and compiling of MIS
UNIT I INTRODUCTION TO MANAGEMENT INFORMATION SYSTEMS
Decision theory - Managerial Decision Making Process Techniques Major Trends in
Technology in Decision Making - Computerized data processing Decision Support Systems
Expert System Executive Information System Health Management Information System.
UNIT II HEALTH RECORDS
The world of Informatics- The future of healthcare technology-Functions of the health
record Changing functions of the patients record Privacy and confidentiality and Law Advantages of the paper record Disadvantages of the paper record Optically scanned
records The Electronic Health Record (EHR) Automating the paper record Advantages
of the EHR Disadvantages of the EHR Bedside or point-or-care systems Human factors
and the EHR Roadblocks and challenges to EHR implementation.
UNIT III TELEMEDICINE
Telehealth - Historical perspectives Types of Technology Clinical initiatives
Administrative initiatives Advantages and Barriers of telehealth Future trends
Summary-The future of Informatics: Globalization of Information. Technology Electronic
communication Knowledge management Genomics Advances in public health Speech
recognition Wireless computing Security Telehealth Informatics Education Barriers
to Information Technology implementation.
UNIT IV SOFTWARE APPLICATIONS IN HEALTH CARE
Awareness on the application of computer software packages in various functions of
Hospital. Internet and Intranet and their application in healthcare.
47
UNIT V PRACTICALS OF SOFTWARE APPLICATION

Suggested Practicals: Mail Merge using Ms Word- use of excel for Profit Analysis,
Vendor Analysis-Lead Time Analysis-Electricity billing- Grade Analysis, Budget
Consumption; use of statistical software for Correlation, Regression, Chi-square, One sample
t test and Two sample t test- independent samples Test of significant difference - Related
samples- One Way ANOVA using Statistical Software
TEXT BOOKS:
1. A. Ghosal, Elements of Operations Research, Hindustan Publishing Corporation, New
Delhi. 1969
2. D.R.Plane and GA Kochenberger, Operations Research for Managerial Decisions,
Richard D Irwin Inc. Homewood, Ill.1972
REFERENCE BOOKS:
1. E.Green.. Paul. Danald S. Tull, Gerald Albaum, Research for Marketing Decisions,
Prentice Hall, New Delhi, 1996.
2. Gordon B.Davis and M.H. Olson, Management Information Systems Conceptual
foundations, structure and development, McGraw Hill Publishing, 1984.
3. EridMuford. Effective Systems design and requirements analyses, McGraw Hill 1995.
HIMC 503 RADIOLOGICAL AND IMAGING EQUIPMENTS

OBJECTIVE: To impart knowledge on X rays, angiography and radiotherapy.
UNIT I X - RAYS
Production of X-rays Various components of radiographic systems Electrical
circuit for X-ray unit filament circuits and mA control- HT circuits- KV control exposure
switching and control of exposure timers- types of X-ray tubes for various medical
applications. Rating charts of X-ray tubes.
UNIT II RADIATION TECHNIQUES
Scattered radiation and its control in radiography collimators pinky grids
absorbed dose - Basics of tables & arms. Fluoroscopy systems TV chain for fluroscopy
Properties of X -ray films &screens - Characteristics of imaging system by modulation
transfer function.
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UNIT III EXPOSURE CONTROLS

Automatic exposure controls - Photo timers - types - limitations - performance - serial
film chargers types - radiographic considerations - film exposure time - photo timer
applications - automatic brightness control system.
UNIT IV ANGIOGRPHY
Basic of digital angiography - Image processors for digital angiography - processor
architecture Temporal integration techniques for digital angiography- digital subtraction
angiography.
UNIT V RADIOTHERAPY
Physical principles of radiotherapy. Dosage data for clinical applications.
Measurement of output and use of ISODOSE charts. Collimators and beam direction devices.
Telemetry sources and acceptance calibration. Safety protocols & protection. Principles of
linear accelerators for radiation therapy. Radiation therapy planning.
TEXTBOOK:
1. Chesneys , Equipment for Student Radiographers, 4th Edition, Wiley-Blackwell
Publiishers, 1994.
REFERENCE BOOKS
1. Carr & Brown, Introduction to Biomedical Equipment Technology Pearson Education,
Asia, 1993.
2. R. S. Khandpur, Handbook of Bio-Medical Instrumentation, Tata McGraw Hill, 1989.
3. J.Webster, Bioinstrumentation, Wiley & Sons, 2004.
HIMC 504 IMAGE PROCESSING
OBJECTIVE: To impart knowledge on image processing.
UNIT I DIGITAL IMAGE FUNDAMENTALS
Digital image fundamentals - Digital Image through scanner, digital camera. Concept
of gray levels. Gray level to binary image conversion. Sampling and quantization.
Relationship between pixels .Imaging Geometry.
49
UNIT II IMAGE TRANSFORM

Image Transforms 2-D FFT, Properties. Walsh transform, Hadamard Transform,
Discrete cosine Transform, Haar transform, Slant transform, Hotelling transform. Image
enhancement Point processing. Histogram processing. Spatial filtering.
UNIT III IMAGE ENHANCEMENT
Enhancement in frequency domain, Image smoothing, Image sharpening. Colour
image processing: Pseudo colour image processing, full colour image processing. Image
Restoration Degradation model, Algebraic approach to restoration, Inverse filtering, Least
mean square filters, Constrained Least Squares Restoration, Interactive Restoration.
UNIT IV IMAGE SEGMENTATION
Image segmentation Detection of discontinuities. Edge linking and boundary
detection, Thresholding, Region oriented segmentation.
UNIT V IMAGE COMPRESSION
Image compression- Redundancies and their removal methods, Fidelity criteria,
Image compression models, Source encoder and decoder, Error free compression, Lossy
compression.
TEXT BOOK:
1. R.C. Gonzalez & R.E. Woods, Digital Image processing, Addison Wesley Pearson
education, 2nd Education, 2002.
REFERENCE BOOKS :
1. A.K.Jain, Fundamentals of Digital Image processing, PHI, 2008
2. C .Rafael. Gonzalez, Richard E Woods andL.Steven,Digital Image processing using
MAT LAB, Edition, PEA, 2004
HIMC 505 MEDICAL ETHICS AND LEGAL ISSUES IN HOSPITAL

OBJECTIVE: To familiarize the students about legal issues involved in hospital
management.
UNIT I MEDICAL ETHICS
Introduction to Legal aspects in health care: health as a fundamental right; Hospital
services and law: Medical ethics including Hippocratic Oath, declaration of Geneva and
international code of medical ethics and violation of these ethics; informed consent
50
UNIT II RIGHTS AND RESPONSIBILITIES OF PATIENTS

Rights and responsibilities of patients: confidentiality issues with respect to
contractual obligations towards the patients, electronic medical records and Health. Liability
and accountability towards patients and third parties and employees (vicarious liability)
UNIT III MEDICAL NEGLIGENCE
Medical negligence -definition, The Bolam test, Civil and criminal negligence,
relevant sections of Indian Penal code, defense against medical negligence; The Consumer
Protection Act- Ethics Introduction its scope, various levels of consumer courts (District
forum, State Commission, National Consumer Dispute Redressal Forum) and procedure
followed in each; Professional Indemnity; Legal Implications in Medical Emergencies;
Euthanasia- its types and the international & national Perspective; the concept of Living WillMedical ethics.
UNIT IV HEALTH CARE LAWS
A brief account of various laws related to healthcare: -Human Organs Transplantation
Act, Inquest and its proceedings, The Drugs and Magic Remedies Act, Registration of Birth
and Death Act, PNDT act (1994) and MTP Act (1971). Regulatory framework of hospitals
The Indian Medical Council act; Regulatory requirements to set up a Blood Bank; Legal
aspects of Assisted Reproductive techniques
UNIT V RISK CONSENT
Preventive Steps for Doctors/Hospitals to A void Litigation -Consent Form - Life
support - High Risk Consent - Post Mortem
REFERENCE BOOKS
1. Malik, Vijay. Law Relating to Drugs and Cosmetics, Eastern Book Company, 2009.
2. Pozgar, George. Legal aspects of health care administration, Jones & Bartlett
Publishers, 2011.
3. Green, Michelle and Mary Jo Bowie. Essentials of health information management:
Principles and practices, Cengage Learning, 2004.
HIMP 507 - BIOINSTRUMENTATION LAB

51
HIMP 508IMAGE PROCESSING AND DIAGNOSTIC INSTRUMENTS LAB

HIMC 601 - TELE HEALTH SYSTEMS

OBJECTIVE: To enable the students to acquire knowledge about the principles of
Telemedicine and Picture Archival Communication System
UNIT I COMMUNICATIONS IN HEALTH SYSTEMS
History of telemedicine and communication technologies: Telemedicine: Definition
and history, Block diagram, Scope, Benefits, Limitations ,and Clinical applications - Realtime and store-forward, Types of information: Audio, Video, Still Images, Text and data, and
Fax - Types of Communication and Network: PSTN, POTS, ATN, and ISDN - Basic
concepts of Communication and Network: Internet and Wireless communications (GSM,
Satellite and Microwave), Types of antennas depending on requirements
UNIT II MEDICAL DATA SECURITY
Medical data security and legal issues: Data Exchanges: Network configuration,
Video conferencing- Data security and Standards: Encryption, Cryptography, Mechanisms
and phases of encryption-Protocols and Standards -encryption, Ethical and legal aspects of
Telemedicine, patient rights and consent form, access to medical records, Intellectual
property rights
UNIT III TELE-RADIOLOGY AND TELE-PATHOLOGY
Tele-radiology and its basic system components, Image acquisition system, Display
system, Communication networks, Interpretation, Tele-pathology, Multimedia databases,
colour images of sufficient resolution, image compression methods, Interactive control of
colour and controlled sampling
UNIT IV TELEMEDICAL APPLICATIONS
Other medical applications: Tele-dermatology, Tele-psychiatry, Tele-cardiology,
Tele-trauma, role of Tele education, evaluation in telemedicine, Tele-oncology, Tele-surgery,
security and confidentiality tools
52
UNIT V PICTURE ARCHIVAL COMMUNICATION SYSTEMS

Types of image formats, DICOM standard, PACS system: Block diagram, Storing&
retrieving images, Algorithm for retrieving images, Compressions and its significance,
Lossless data Storage and in-house communication, Computer aided diagnosis (CAD)
TEXTBOOKS:
1. Olga Ferrer-Roca, M.Sosa Ludicissa, Handbook of Telemedicine, IOS press, 2002.
2. Norris A.C, Essentials of Telemedicine and Telecare, John Wiley & Sons,2002.
3. Wootton R, Craig J, Patterson, Introduction to Telemedicine Royal Society of Medicine
Press Ltd., (2nd ed.), 2006.
REFERENCE BOOKS:
1. Maheu M.M, Whitten P, Allen A, E-Health, Telehealth, and Telemedicine, Jossy Bass,
2001.
2. J Keith, Dreyer, S David, Hirschron, H James Thrall, Amit Mehta, PACS: AGuide to the
Digital Revolution, 2nd Edition, Springer, 2006.
3. H. K Huang, PACS and imaging informatics: basic principles and applications, John
Wiley & Sons, 2010.
4. RLatifi, Current Principles and Practices of Telemedicine and e-Health, Washington
DC: IOHS , 2008.
HIMC 602HOSPITAL SAFETY SYSTEMS AND HEALTH CARE

STANDARDS
OBJECTIVE: To familiarize the students about the hospital safety and health care systems
UNIT I HEALTH ADMINISTRATION
Health administration in India- health care delivery system- national health policy.
UNIT II NATIONAL HEALTH ISSUES
National Health Programmes- Tuberculosiss control Programme, DOTS- Programme
for control of Blindness- Family welfare progrmme- AIDS control programme, role &
functions of National AIDS Control Organisation (NACO).
53
UNIT III HEALTHCARE REPORTS

Review of reports on Healthcare- Epidemiological Triad, Levels of Disease
Prevention- Disaster Management/Disaster Plan -Fire fighting, Dealing with crisis situations,
Natural disasters -floods, earthquakes etc., Mob violence against medical establishments,
Bomb threat, Terrorist strike, Political agitation, Mass casualties
UNIT IV HOSPITAL ENGINEERING SERVICES
Engineering Services: Maintenance of Building, Campus & Utilities- Biomedical
services, Electrical safety, chemical safety, Fire safety. Quality Management in health care
Service and Process quality Cost of quality, Quality control -Statistical methods in hospitals
for control of service quality-Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs). -ISO, ISO standards
and their implementation- Accreditation of hospitals -ISO, NABH, JCI
UNIT V HEALTH STANDARDS
Health standards Health Level (HL), DICOM. Insurance companies and TPAs:
Insurance policies and cover - Personal accident insurance benefit- Claims proceduresAdministration of patient related schemes- Medical insurance -cashless benefit,
reimbursement- CGHS, ECHS, CSMA, ESIC
TEXTBOOKS:
1. K .Park,. Parks text book of Preventive and Social Medicine, 16th. Ed. Jabalpur, India:
M/s Banarasidas Bhanot , 259-67, 2002.
2. Madhuri Sharma,Essential of Hospital Support Services & Physical Infrastructure,
Jaypee Brothers, New Delhi, 2003.
3. G.P. Mogli,Medical Records Organization& Management, Jaypee Brothers, New
Delhi, 2001.
4. Branson, Joan Cameron, and Margaret
housekeeping, Edward Arnold, 1971.
54
Lennox. Hotel,
hostel
and
hospital
HIMC 603 - DESIGN AND DEVELOPMENT OF MEDICAL DEVICES
OBJECTIVE: This will introduce students with basics of design, construction and
development process of devices which are used in medical, clinical or laboratory practice.
UNIT I INTRODUCTION TO MEDICAL DEVICES
Define medical device, Classification of medical device, Medical devices medical
instrumentation, Origin of bio-potential, Physiological signal, Human machine interface
,Input output and control signal, Data acquisition, Sensor, Amplification, Medical electrical
stimulator.
UNIT II MINIMALLY INVASIVE DEVICE AND TECHNIQUE
Laparosopic instrumentation, surgical instrumentation in ophthalmology Phacoemulsification: Instrument and system - Vitrorectomy: Instrument and system- Human
machine interface.
UNIT III DIAGNOSTIC EQUIPMENT DESIGN
System description of diagnostic equipment: Patient monitoring system, ECG, EEG,
Blood pressure monitor, Digital stethoscope, Thermometer, System description and diagram
of pulse oximeter, optical fiber optics for circulatory and respiratory system measurement.
UNIT IV THERAPEUTIC EQUIPMENT DESIGN
System description of therapeutic equipment: Pacemaker, External cardio vector
defibrillator, Implantable cardio vector defibrillator, Deep brain stimulation, Functional
electrical stimulator (FES),Hemodialysis delivery system, Mechanical ventilator.
UNIT V IMPLANT AND PROSTHESIS
System description of various implant and prosthesis: Total hip prosthesis, Joint
replacement, Design of artificial pancreas, Drug elutingstent and its engineering design Intraocular lens implant, Cochlear implants, Heart valves.
TEXTBOOKS
1.
Gail Baura, Medical Device Technologies:

UsingEngineering, Elsevier science, 2002.
Systems
Based
Overview
2. Martin Culjat, Rahul Singh, Hua Lee,Medical Devices: Surgical and Image- Guided
Technologies, John Wiley & Sons, Reinaldo perez, Design ofmedical electronic device,
Elsevier science, 2002.
55
3. C.Richard, Fries, Handbook of Medical Device Design, Marcel DekkerAG, 2ndedition

2005.
REFERENCE BOOKS:
1. Anthony Y. K, Chan, Biomedical device technology: principles and design,Charles
Thomas, 2008.
2. Theodore R, Kucklick, The Medical Device Ramp-D Handbook,Taylor&Francis Group
LLC, 3rd edition 2013.
3. David Prutchi, Michael Norris, Design and Development of Medical Electronic
Instrumentation: A Practical perspective of the design, construction and test of medical
devices, John Wiley & Sons, 2005
HIMP 606 - ADVANCED BIOINSTRUMENTATION AND BIOMECHANICS LAB

HIMP 607- TELEHEALTH LAB

ELECTIVES
1. TROUBLESHOOTING OF MEDICAL INSTRUMENTS
OBJECTIVE: To provide knowledge to students to enable them to troubleshoot the various
equipments used in hospitals.
UNIT I TROUBLESHOOTING PROCEDURES
Fundamental troubleshooting procedures: Making of an Electronic Equipment, causes
of Equipment Failure, Troubleshooting Process & Fault finding Aids, Troubleshooting
Techniques, and Grounding Systems in Electronic Equipment, Temperature Sensitive
Intermittent Problems, and correction Action to repair the Equipment.
56
UNIT II TESTING OF PASSIVE COMPONENTS AND SEMICONDUCTOR

DEVICES
Testing of passive components & semiconductor devices: resistors, capacitors &
inductors, causes of failure for electronic components, testing procedure for semiconductor
devices: special diodes, bipolar transistors, field effect transistor (FET), and thyristor.
UNIT III FAULT DIAGNOSIS IN INTEGRATED CIRCUITS
Fault diagnosis in analog& digital integrated circuits: Fault Diagnosis in Op-Amp
Circuits, Digital Troubleshooting Methods, Digital IC Troubleshooters, Circuit board
Troubleshooting.
UNIT IV TROUBLESHOOTING OF BIOMEDICAL INSTRUMENTS
Trouble shooting of ECG Machine, EEG Machine, Defibrillator Electrosurgical unit,
Anaesthesia machine, Autoclaves & sterilizers, Endoscope.
UNIT V TROUBLESHOOTING OF BIOMEDICAL EQUIPMENTS
Troubleshooting of Incubators, Nebulizer, Oxygen Concentrators, Oxygen cylinders
& flow meters, Pulse Oximeter, Sphygmomanometers, Suction Machine,X-Ray Machine
Troubleshooting.
TEXTBOOKS:
1. R.S.Khandpur, Troubleshooting Electronic Equipment- Includes Repair &Maintenance,
Tata McGraw-Hill, Second Edition 2009.
2. Dan Tomal and Neal Widmer, Electronic Troubleshooting, McGraw Hill, 3rdEdition
2004.
REFERENCE BOOKS:
1 Nicholas Cram & Selby Holder, Basic Electronic Troubleshooting forBiomedical
Technicians, TSTC Publishing, 2nd Edition 2010.
2 World Health Organisation, Maintenance & Repair of Laboratory, Diagnosticimaging &
Hospital Equipment, Geneva,1994.
57
2. BIOMATERIALS AND ARTIFICIAL ORGANS

OBJECTIVE: To understand the principles and biology underlying the design of implants
and artificial organs.
UNIT I BIOMATERIAL PROPERTIES
Biomaterial definition, Material characterization Mechanical, thermal,
Phasediagrams, Surface properties, Structure and properties of naturally occurring materials Collagen, Bone, Teeth, Skin, Causes of failure - micro cracks, crazing, fatigue. Technologies
of biomaterials processing - Surface coatings methods
UNIT II CLASSES OF BIOMATERIALS
Different classes of materials used in medicine - Polymers Synthesis -Mechanical
and Thermal properties - Polyesters Polyacrylates - Polyanhyrides -Biodegradable
Polymers Hydrogels Elastomer Dendrimers. Metals -Stainless steel - Cobalt-Chromium
alloy - Titanium alloys. Ceramics and Bioglasses non-absorbable bio-ceramics biodegradable ceramics bio reactive ceramics - deterioration of ceramics - Other Bioactive
materials, Composites as biomaterials
UNIT III SOFT AND HARD TISSUE APPLICATIONS
Sutures, Wound dressings, artificial skin - Drug delivery devices Cardiovascular
medical devices Heart valves, Assist devices-Stent and grafts, Orthopedicfixation devices
Internal External - Joints, Total Hip Arthroplasty Evolution-Design.
UNIT IV MATERIAL RESPONSE
Material and Tissue interaction, biological environment and host response Inflammation, Wound Healing and Foreign Body Response - Failure mechanisms; corrosion,
fracture, degradation of Implanted Materials Polymers, Metals, ceramics.
UNIT V BIOMATERIAL TESTING AND ARTIFICIAL ORGANS
Testing of biomaterials: In-vitro, in-vivo preclinical tests - biocompatibility methods
for improvement, surface modification of materials - implant retrieval and evaluation.
Artificial Heart, eye and ear implants, artificial pancreas, ophthalmic implantation, dental
implantation, insulin administration devices, extracorporeal artificial organs, neural
prostheses.
TEXTBOOKS:
1. Joon Bu Park, S.Roderic, Lakes, Biomaterials, Springer-Verlag, New YorkInc., 2010.
58
2.A Ratner, and B. D S.Hoffman,. Biomaterials Science: An Introduction toMaterials in

Medicine, Academic Press; 3 edition,November 8, 2012.
REFERENCE BOOK:
1. Chua, .J.Y Chena, L.P Wanga., N.Huang, Plasma-surface modification of biomaterials,
Materials Science and Engineering: R: Reports, Vol.36, No.5,pp143-206, March 2002.
3. NEURAL NETWORKS AND FUZZY LOGIC

OBJECTIVE: To impart knowledge on various soft computing techniques like ANN and
fuzzy logic.
UNIT I INTRODUCTION TO NEURAL NETWORKS
Introduction to Artificial Neural Networks and Biological Neuron: Fundamental
concepts of weights, biases and thresholds-linear separability-common activation functionslearning rules and learning methods of ANN-single layer feed forward network-multilayer
feed forward network.
UNIT II NEURAL NETWORK ARCHITECTURES AND ALGORITHMS
Mucullochpitts neuron-Hebb net-Perceptron- Back propagation neural net-Hopfield
net Hamming netKohonenself organizing maps-Adaptive resonance theory.
UNIT III APPLICATIONS OF NEURAL NETWORKS
Dynamic Back propagation for bio system identification and control -pattern
recognition -image processing -biological sequence alignment and drug design -robotics and
sensors - information retrieval systems -natural language processing.
UNIT IV FUZZY SETS AND RELATIONS
Fuzzy Sets: Basic definition set-theoretic operations membership functions fuzzy
rules and fuzzy reasoning fuzzy relations composition of fuzzy relations fuzzy relation
equations -arithmetic operations on fuzzy numbers -fuzzy inference systems Mamdani
fuzzy models Sugeno fuzzy models input space partitioning and fuzzy modelling.
UNIT V FUZZY SYSTEMS
Fuzzification methods - defuzzification methods- Fuzzy rule base- fuzzy logic
controller- Mamdani and Sugeno type Fuzzy systems. Adaptive neurofuzzy inference
systems- GA in adaptive fuzzy system.
TEXT BOOKS:
1. LaureneFausett, Fundamentals of Neural Networks, Prentice- Hall, New Jersey, 3rd
edition, 2008.
59
2. Timothy J. Ross, Fuzzy logic with Engineering applications, McGraw Hill, New York,
3rd edition, 2010.
4. MEDIEMBEDDED SYSTEMS AND RTOS

OBJECTIVE: To impart knowledge Mediembedded system and associated RTOS
UNIT I OVERVIEW OF EMBEDDED SYSTEM
Features of Embedded System categories requirements- challenges and issues applications of Embedded Systems in biomedical systems and health care systems. Software:
Source code object code and assembler using high level language fetch and execute
operation of CPU instruction setaddressing modes basic operation microcontroller
arithmetic and condition code register- program flow control using looping and branching.
UNIT II STACK SUBROUTINES
Stack to store data subroutines modular programming using subroutine and
subroutine operation. Interrupts and Resets: Concepts of interrupts interrupt vectors
interrupt operation- hardware interrupts and resets software and CPU controlled interrupts.
UNIT III EMBEDDED HARDWARE
Hardware: Bus tri state logic- address encoding- different modes of operation
different memory technology (RAM EPROM, FLASH, CONFIG, and INIT). Serial sub
system: Asynchronous communication system- serial communication interface- SCI
registers serial peripheral interface SPI topologies and applicationsSPI software and error
handling.
UNIT IV MICROCONTROLLER PIC16
Microchip PIC16 family: PIC16F873 processor features architecture memory
organization register file map I/O ports Port A,B and C Data EEPROM and flash
program memory Asynchronous serial port SPI mode I2C mode. ARM family of
microcontrollers: Introduction ARM Architecture Instruction formatsARM derivatives
Programming with ARM Embedded Controllers software tools for ARM GNU C- Keil
Peripheral interfacing - ARM applications General features of ARM7, ARM9, ARM Cortex.
60
UNIT V EMBEDDED OPERATING SYSTEMS

Embedded Real Time Software Design - Embedded operating system comparison
with general purpose OS Real Time Operating System (RTOS) tasks kernel RT
scheduling interrupt processing memory management using RTOS synchronization
message queues control blocks porting of RTOS to the target board comparison and
study of various RTOS like Windows CE, Embedded Linux, cos, QNX, VXWORKS,
Nucleus. Embedded system for biomedical applications: Hospital database applications
Biosignal analysis Hospital automation.
TEXT BOOKS:
1. G.J. Lipovsk, Single and Multiple Chip Microcomputer Interfacing, Prentice Hall,
1988.
2. W.J. Tompkins & J.G. Webster, Interfacing Sensors to the IBM PC, Prentice Hall,
Englewood Cliffs, NJ, 1988.
REFERENCE BOOKS:
1. John B. Peatman, Design with PIC Microcontrollers, Prentice Hall, 1998.
2. David Seal, ARM Architecture Manual, Addison-Wesley,2nd edition, 2000.
3. Raj kamal, Embedded systems, Tata McGraw Hill, 2003.
4. MODELING OF PHYSIOLOGICAL SYSTEMS
OBJECTIVE: To impart knowledge on nonparametric and electric circuit modelling of
physiological system
UNIT I BIOLOGICAL CONTROL SYSTEM
Biological control system - similarities and differences - components of living control
system- Model and Analog- system properties- resistance- storage- distributed and lumped
systems. Mathematical approach- electrical analogues. Approaches to modelling:
Mathematical modelling - classification of models - characteristics of models. Purpose of
physiological modeling and signal analysis - linearization of nonlinear models -model
formulation identification -validation and Simulation Different approaches of modeling
physiological systems -linear modeling -distributed modeling -nonlinear modeling- timevarying modeling.
UNIT II NONPARAMETRIC MODELING
Volterra models Wienermodels -efficient volterra kernel estimation -analysis of
estimation errors. Parametric modeling: Basic parametric model forms -estimation procedures
-Volterra kernels of nonlinear differential equations -discrete-time volterra kernels of
NARMAX models -from Volterra kernel measurements to Parametric models -equivalence
61
between continuous and Discrete -parametric models.Introduction to various process controls

like cardiac rate - blood pressure - respiratory rate -blood - glucose regulation pharmacokinetic modeling-compartmental models - blood-tissue models.
UNIT III EQUIVALENT CIRCUIT MODEL
Electromotive, resistive and capacitive properties of cell membrane - change in
membrane potential with distance - voltage clamp experiment - voltage dependent membrane
constant and simulation of the model - model for strength-duration curve - model of the
whole neuron - Huxley model of isotonic muscle contraction -modeling of EMG - motor unit
firing - amplitude measurement - motor unit and frequency analysis.
UNIT IV PHYSIOLOGICAL MODELING
Electrical analog of blood vessels - model of systematic blood flow - model of
coronary circulation - transfer of solutes between physiological compartments by fluid flow counter current model of urine formation - model of Henles loop -linearized model of the
immune response - Germ, Plasma cell, Antibody, system equation and stability criteria.
UNIT V ELECTRICAL MODEL OF PHYSIOLOGICAL SYSTEMS
Electrical circuit model of oxygenation:A model of immune response to disease
(Block Diagram) -modelling of multi input/multi output systems: The two-input case Applications of two-input modelling to physiological systems - Multi-input case
spatiotemporal and spectrotemporal modelling. Respiratory system: Modeling oxygen uptake
by RBC and pulmonary capillaries mass balancing by lungs - gas transport mechanism of
lungs and O2 and CO2 transport in blood and tissues.
TEXT BOOKS:
1. T.David. Westwick, Robert E. Kearney, Identification of Nonlinear Physiological
Systems, Wiley-IEEE Press, 2003.
2. C.Michael. K. Khoo,Physiological Control Systems -Analysis, simulation and
estimation, Prentice Hall of India, 2001.
3. J.Enderle, S.Blanchard, J. Bronzino, Introduction to Biomedical Engineering, Academic
Press, 3rd edition, 2012
REFERENCE BOOKS:
1. Suresh.R.Devasahayam, Signals & Systems in Biomedical Engineering, Springer,2000.
2. V.Z. Marmarelis, Advanced methods of physiological system modeling, Springer,1999.
62
5. COMPUTERS IN MEDICINE
OBJECTIVE: To familiarize the student with use of computers in medicine
UNIT I INTRODUCTION
Computer hardware and software - programming languages - use in medical field need of computing hospitals - cost effectiveness - help of computerization to physicians.
UNIT II PATIENT DATA BASE MANAGEMENT
Computerized medical records - security. Computer in clinical laboratory -database
approach - automated clinical laboratory and analysis - computerized specimen analysis analysis of ECG, EEG and EMG. Chromosome analysis by computer - computerized
cytology and histogram - automated scanning for cervical cancer.
UNIT III MEDICAL IMAGING
Basics of computer assisted medical imaging :Nuclear medicine - digital subtraction
radiography computerized ultra sonography X-ray, CT, Nuclear magnetic resonance.
Basics of computer assisted medical decision making - general model algorithms - fuzzy set
theory - cognitive set theory - cognitive models - QMR, KES and TIA.
UNIT IV COMPUTER IN INTENSIVE CARE UNITS
Metabolic balance up keeping- pulmonary function evaluation- Cardio vascular
evaluation- Computer assisted therapy- computer for case of renal disorders.
UNIT V COMPUTER AIDS
Computer aids for the handicapped: Basic discussion with examples- introduction
to computer assisted instruction in medicine- ISDN in medicine.
REFERENCE BOOK:
1. R.D. Lele, Computers in medicine, Tata McGraw-Hill Publishing Company Limited,
2nd reprint, 2008.
7. TISSUE AND STEM CELL ENGINEERING

OBJECTIVE: To familiarize the student with tissue and stem cell engineering
UNIT I TISSUE
Definition- structure- organization and types. Vascularity and angiogenesis - basic
wound healing - cell migration - therapeutic and in-vitro testing.
63
UNIT II CELL
Cell-Types differentiations - different kind of matrix - cell-cell interaction. Cell
culture: expansion transfer - storage - characterization. Molecular biology: Cell signalling
molecules - hormone - growth factor and delivery in tissue engineering. Cell attachment:
differential cell adhesion - receptor-ligand binding - cell surface markers.
UNIT III TRANSPLANTS
Scaffold and transplant: Biomaterials for tissue engineering -degradable materials
(collagen, silk and polylactic acid) porosity - mechanical strength - 3-D architecture - cell
incorporation. Tissues for replacing bone cartilage tendons ligaments - skin and liver.
Basic transplant immunology - stems cells introduction -haematopoiesis.
UNIT IV CASE STUDIES
Case study: Cell transplantation for liver musculoskeletal - cardiovascular and
neural systems. Ethical - FDA and regulatory issues of tissue engineering.
UNIT V STEM CELLS
Origin, characterization, potential applications of human stem cells- Protocols for
isolation and identification of stem cells Differentiation of cells from human- neurospheres
into neurons astrocytes and oligo-dendrocytes Immuno-labelling. Gene therapy: immune
rejection in stem cell therapy new therapy for autoimmune disease prenatal diagnosis of
genetic abnormalities using fetal CD34+ stem cells.
TEXT BOOKS:
1. Sameul E Lynch, De Robertis, J Geng, Tissue Engineering, Elsevier, 3rd Edition, 2007.
2. Clemens van Blitterswijk, Tissue Engineering, Academic Press, 2008
REFERENCE BOOKS:
1. Robert. P.Lanza, Robert Langer & William L. Chick, Principles of Tissue Engineering,
Academic Press,2007.
2. B. Palsson, J.A. Hubbell, R.Plonsey and J.D. Bronzino, Tissue Engineering, CRC
Press, 2003.
8. TRANSPORTATION IN LIVING SYSTEMS
OBJECTIVE: To familiarize the student with various transportation mechanisms in living
systems
UNIT I INTRODUCTION
Organization of the human body cells tissues - different organs. Heat transport:
Body temperature regulation based on thermostat principle and its operation
64
UNIT II TRANSPORTATION PHENOMENA

Transportation in tissues - muscle, skin and other organs in different environmental
temperatures. Transportation of fluids: Blood transport through internal organs urogenitary cardio pulmonary and central nervous system.
UNIT III GASTRO INTESTINE SYSTEM
Diffusion osmosis - electro osmosis - ultra filtration -reverse osmosis through
natural membrane and artificial synthetic membranes.
UNIT IV LYMPH
Transportation through internal organs, urogenitary, cardio pulmonary, central
nervous and gastro intestine systems. Problems on lymph transfer in human body.
UNIT V MASS TRANSFER
Mass transfer - Constituents of blood, urine, mass transfer in kidney, skeletal,
nervous, gastro intestine and cardio pulmonary systems. Comparison with artificial organs.
TEXT BOOKS:
1. David O.Cooney, An introduction to fluid, heat & mass transport process- Principles,
Vol.1, Marcel Dekker Inc., Newyork, 1976.
2. William F. Ganong,Review of Medical Physiology, McGraw-Hill Medical; 22nd
edition, 2005.
REFERENCE BOOK:
1. Charles Herbert Best, Norman Burke Taylor, John Burnard West, Best and
Taylor's,Physiological basis of medical practice,Williams and Wilkins, Baltimore, 12th
edition, 1991.
9. TELEMEDICINE
OBJECTIVE: To familiarize the student with various aspects of telemedicine
UNIT I TELEMEDICINE AND TELECARE

Telemedicine, Telehealth and Telecare: History of telemedicine- Main phases of
telemedicine- Pre electronic telemedicine. Electronic telemedicine Technical Requirements Type of information and standards, audio, data, Fax, Video Types of communications and
networking- networking architecture. POTS, ISDN, ATM Other Fixed networks- Air/airless
communications, RF, Microwaves, Satellite, GSM, CDPD (Cellular Digital Packet Data)
65
Acquisition/ displays- Acquisition systems Cameras, Scanners, Other medical specialized

acquisition system.
UNIT II DISPLAY SYSTEMS
Display systems: Analogue devices, LCD, Laser displays, Holographic
representations, Virtual screen devices Computation / storage systems: Magnetic, Mixed,
Optical (laser) devices (only brief description required).
UNIT III APPLICATIONS OF TELEMEDICINE
Telemedicine applications: Teleradiology: Basic parts of a teleradiography system,
Image acquisition and management, display, communication, interpretation Telepathology:
Applications, requirements, security and confidentiality tools, telequantitation at distance.
Telecytology: Applications, Telecardiology: requirements, portable solutions Telehome- Care
Home based applications, Teleoncology: Applications, Telesurgery, telepsychiatry,
Teledermatology techniques.
UNIT IV INTERNET IN TELEMEDICINE
Basic concepts - Security secure socket layer Firewalls proxies. Personal
Communication, Medical data sharing needs for telemedicine -Internet problems, distant
training, teleworking and telecasting. Ethical and legal aspects of telemedicine:
confidentiality, patient rights and consent-ethical and legal aspects of internet-telemedical
malpractice.
UNIT V TELEMEDICINE CONSTRAINTS
Constraints for the wide spread use of telemedicine: Constraints linked to economy,
social acceptance Strategic planning for telemedicine implementation. Analysis of the present
situation and the demand objective and strategies- Plan of implementation, Forces affecting
technology transfer scenarios for telemedicine.
TEXT BOOKS:
1. Olga Ferrer, Roca M. Sosa, Marcelo C, Handbook of telemedicine, IOS Press, 3rd
edition, 2002.
2. Ling Guan, Multimedia image and video processing, CRC Press 2000.
3. Thorsten M Buzug, Heinz Handels, Dietrich Holz, Telemedicine: Medicine and
Communication, Springer Verlag, 2001.
66
REFERENCE BOOK:
1. Douglas V. Goldstein, e-Healthcare: Harness the power of Internet, e-commerce and ecare, Jones and Barlett Publishers, 2000.
10. BIOINFORMATICS
OBJECTIVE: To impart knowledge on various aspects of bioinformatics

UNIT I BASIC CONCEPTS OF MOLECULAR BIOLOGY
Cells - Chromosomes, DNA, RNA, Proteins, Central dogma of molecular biology,
Genomes and Genes - Genetic code, Transcription, Translation and Protein synthesis. Web
based genomic and proteomic databases: NCBI, Gen Bank.
UNIT II SEQUENCE ALIGNMENTS
Dot plot-Pair-wise sequence alignments - local and global -Sequence similarity and
distance measures - Smith-Waterman algorithm, Needleman-Wunchalgorithm, Multiple
sequence alignment Sum-of-Pairs measure - Star and tree alignments PAM and
BLOSUM, Phylogenetic analysis.
UNIT III GENE EXPRESSIONS
Informational view of Genomic data:Genomic Signal Processing- DNA
Spectrograms- Identification of protein coding regions- Gene expression- Microarrays,
Microarray image analysis.
UNIT IV GENE STRUCTURE
Gene structure in Prokaryotes and Eukaryotes:Molecular Structure Prediction- Basic
concepts and terminologies related to molecular structures- Basic molecular VisualizationRNA secondary structure prediction- Protein folding problem- Protein Threading- Protein
Visualization- Introduction to Drug Discovery.
UNIT V SOFTWARE TOOLS
Use of Tools for basic and specialized sequence processing such as: BLAST, FASTA,
RasMol, Phylip, ClustalW.
TEXT BOOKS:
1. Setubal, Meidanis, Introduction to Computational Molecular Biology, Thomson:
Brooks/Cole, International Student Edition, 2003
2. Jean-Michel Claverie, Cedric Notredame, Bioinformatics - A Beginners Guide, WileyDreamtech India Pvt Ltd, 2nd edition, 2007.
67
3. Lesk, Introduction to Bioinformatics, Oxford University Press, Indian Edition, 3rd

edition, 2008.
4. Higgins and Taylor,DesHiggins, WillieR.Taylor,Bioinformatics: Sequence, structure and
databanks, Oxford University Press, Indian Edition, 2003
REFERENCE BOOKS:
1. Bryan P. Bergeron, Bioinformatics Computing, Prentice hall of India, 2003
2. Jiang, Xu and Zhang, Current topics in Computational Molecular Biology, Ane Books,
New Delhi, 2004.
11. CANCER BIOLOGY

OBJECTIVE: To familiarize the student about cancer biology
UNIT I FUNDAMENTALS OF CANCER BIOLOGY

Regulation of cell cycle Mutations that cause changes in signal molecules Effect
on receptor Signal switches Tumor suppressor genes Modulation of cell cycle in cancer
Different forms of cancers, diet and cancer Cancer screening and early detection
Detection using biochemical assays Tumor markers Molecular tools for early diagnosis of
cancer.
UNIT II CARCINOGENESIS
Principles of carcinogenesis: Theory of carcinogenesis Chemical carcinogenesis
Metabolism of carcinogenesis X-ray radiation Mechanism of radiation carcinogenesis.
UNIT III CELL BIOLOGY OF CANCER
Principles of Molecular Cell Biology of Cancer:Signal targets and cancer Activation
of kinases Oncogenes Identification of oncogenes Retroviruses and oncogenes
Detection of oncogenes Oncogenes/proto oncogene activity Growth factors related to
transformation Telomerases.
UNIT IV CANCER METASTASIS
Principles of cancer metastasis - Clinical significances of invasion Heterogeneity of
metastatic phenotype Metastatic phenotype Metastatic cascade Basement membrane
disruption Three step theory of invasion Proteinases and tumor cell invasion.
UNIT V CANCER THERAPY
New molecules for cancer therapy -Different forms of therapy Chemotherapy
Radiation therapy Detection of cancers Prediction of aggressiveness of cancer Advances
in cancer detection Use of signal targets towards therapy of cancer.
68
TEXT BOOKS:
1. R.A. Weinberg, The Biology of Cancer, Garland Science, 2007.
2. S.Pelengaris, and M.Khan., The Molecular Biology of Cancer, Blackwell Publishing,
2006.
3. F.Macdonald, and C.H.J
ScientificPublication, 2005
Ford,
Molecular
Biology
of
Cancer,
BIOS
REFERENCE BOOKS:
1. Roger John Benjamin King, Mike W. Robins, Cancer Biology, Pearson prentice hall, 3rd
edition, 2006.
2. R. W. Ruddon, Cancer Biology, Oxford University Press, 2ndEdition, 1995
12. FIBER OPTICS AND LASERS IN MEDICINE

OBJECTIVE: To impart the knowledge about lasers and fiber optics in medical field
UNIT I INTRODUCTION
Introduction - basic fiber construction - propagation of light - modes of operation refractive index profile -types of fibers dispersion - data rate and bandwidth attenuation losses. Splices: Introduction- splices - mechanical fusion - protection of splice. Connectors:
SMA, STC, Bionic etc. Coupling: Passive, Stan. TEE types.
UNITII OPTICAL SOURCES AND PHOTO DETECTORS
Introduction - creation of photons, LED. The Injection Laser Diode (ILD) characteristics of LED and ILD. Photodetectors : Introduction - PIN photodiode - Avalanche
photodiode. Photodiode parameters- detector noise - speed of response - SNR. Modulation
Scheme for fiber optics transmission: Introduction-digital modulation and analog modulation
schemes-multiplexing.
UNIT III LASER PHYSICS
Introduction- principle components of Laser system. Laser emission: - Sequence of
events, characteristics of laser light and basic terminology, Mode of emission.
UNIT IV LASER TISSUE INTERACTION
Introduction: the eye, skin, and other tissue. Terminology: spectral band designations,
energy and power - irradiant and radiant exposure, fluence. Thermal diffusion fibers and
contact tips. Type of Laser-time interaction: photocoagulation, photo thermal ablation,
photochernical ablation, photodisruption, photochemical interaction.
69
UNIT V TYPES OF LASERS

Solid state lasers and Dye lasers, Lasers used in medical practice Ruby laser. CO2
laser, Nd: YAG laser and related solid-state laser. Laser application in medical
practice:Introduction, general surgery, Dermatology, Ophthalmology, Cardiovascular and
Chest surgery, Gynecologic Laser, Neuro surgery, Tumor surgery. Urology, Otolaryngology
and neck and head surgery.
TEXT BOOKS:
1. Leon Goldman, The Biomedical Laser Technology and Clinical Applications,
Springer-Verlag, 1981.
2. Leon Goldman, Lasers in Medicine and Surgery, Springer-Verlag, 1982.
REFERENCE BOOKS:
1. E.D.R Pratesi, and Sacchi, Lasers in photomedicine and photo biology, Springer-Verlag.
2. Basht M.L.Wel, Laser applications in medicine and biology, Vol. I, II, III, Plenum
Press, 1974.
3. Nandini K. Jog, Electronics in medicine and biomedical instrumentation, Prentice-Hall
of India Pvt.Ltd, New Delhi, 2006.
13. ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE AND ROBOTICS

OBJECTIVE: To familiarize the students with the basic concepts of robotics, artificial
intelligence and intelligent machines and to help students to understand and apply principles,
methodology and techniques of intelligent systems to robotics.
UNIT I INTRODUCTION
Introduction: Automation and Robots, Classification, Application, Specification,
Notations. Intelligent Robotics: Automation and Robots, Robot Classification, Robot
Specifications, Sensory perception, Robot control and Intelligence.
UNIT II DIRECT KINEMATICS
Direct Kinematics-Coordinate Frames, Rotations, Homogeneous Coordinates, The
arm Equation, (DK analysis of - 2 Axis and 3 Axis Planar robot, Four axis SCARA Robot,
Five axis Articulated robot).Inverse Kinematics: General Properties of Solutions, Tool
Configuration, (IK analysis of - 2 Axis and 3 Axis Planar robot, Four axis SCARA Robot,
Five axis Articulated robot).
70
UNIT III WORKSPACE ANALYSIS AND TRAJECTORY PLANNING

Workspace analysis, Work envelope of 4-axis SCARA Robot, Work envelope of 5axis articulated Robot, Workspace Fixtures, The pick-and-place operation, Continuous-Path
Motion, Interpolated Motion, Straight-Line Motion.
UNIT IV BASIC CONCEPTS OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE
Intelligence, Problem representation in Artificial Intelligence, Problem-solution
Techniques used in Artificial Intelligence. Elements of Knowledge Representation: Logic,
Production Systems, Semantic Networks, Expert Systems.
UNIT V TASK PLANNING
Task-Level Programming, Uncertainty, Configuration Space, Gross-Motion Planning,
Grasp Planning, Fine-Motion Planning, Task Planning Problem. Applications in Biomedical
Engineering-Application in rehabilitation, Clinical and Surgery
TEXT BOOK:
1. R.D.Klafter,T.A
Chemieleskio,.and
M.Negin,
Integrated approach, Prentice Hall , 1989.
Robotics
Engineering
an
REFERENCE BOOKS:
1. K.S.FU, R.C. Gonzalez and C.S.G.Lee.Robotics control, Sensing, Vision, and
Intelligence, Prentice Hall, 1987.
2. G.Bekey, Autonomous Robots, MIT Press, 2005.
3. J.J.Craig, Introduction to Robotics, Addision Wesley Publishers, 2005.
14. ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES
OBJECTIVE: To provide a comprehensive knowledge in environmental science,
environmental issues and the management.
UNIT I ENVIRONMENTAL EDUCATION AND ECOSYSTEMS
Environmental education: Definition and objective. Structure and function of
anecosystem ecological succession primary and secondary succession -ecological
pyramids pyramid of number, pyramid of energy and pyramid of biomass.
UNIT II ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION
Environmental segments structure and composition of atmosphere Pollution- Air,
water, soil, thermal and radiation Effects acid rain, ozone layer depletion and green house
effect control measures determination of BOD, COD, TDS and trace metals.
71
UNIT III WASTE MANAGEMENT

Waste water treatment (general) primary, secondary and tertiary stages. Solid waste
management: sources and effects of municipal waste, bio medical waste - process of waste
management.
UNIT IV BIODIVERSITY AND ITS CONSERVATION
Introduction: definition - genetic, species and ecosystem diversity bio diversity hot
spots - values of biodiversity: consumptive use, productive use, social ,ethical, aesthetic and
option values - threats to biodiversity: habitat loss, poaching of wildlife endangered and
endemic species of India, Conservation of biodiversity: in-situ and ex-situ conservations.
UNIT V ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION \
National concern for environment: Important environmental protection acts in India
water, air (prevention and control of pollution) act, wild life conservation and forest act
functions of central and state pollution control boards -international effort key initiatives of
Rio declaration, Vienna convention, Kyoto protocol and Johannesburg summit.
TEXT BOOKS
1. Kamaraj P & Arthanareeswari M, Environmental Science Challenges and Changes,
4th Edition, Sudhandhira Publications, 2010.
2. SharmaB.K. and Kaur, Environmental Chemistry,Goel Publishing House,Meerut,
1994.
REFERENCE BOOKS
1. De.A.K, Environmental Chemistry, New Age International, New Delhi, 1996.
2. Helen P Kavitha, Principles of Environmental Science, Scitech Publications, 2nd
Edition, 2008.
72

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ANNAMALAI UNIVERSITY

DEPARTMENT OF INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERING

the Diploma (Health Care) Programme in

the Advanced Diploma (Hospital

the B.Voc. (Hospital Instrumentation and

Second assessment (test)

coordinators of the common courses, if any, who

coordinator, who shall be appointed by the concerned Assistant Director of the

CSD from among the project supervisors.

12. Temporary break of study:

13. Substitute assessments:

14. Attendance requirements:

Less than 50 marks

16. Ranking of candidates:

17. Transitory regulations:

Project Viva Voce

1. Troubleshooting of medical instruments

B.Voc (HOSPITAL INSTRUMENTATION AND MANAGEMENT)

HIMC 101 - COMMUNICATIVE ENGLISH

OBJECTIVE: To refresh and gain the knowledge on English.

Department of Humanities and Social Sciences, Anna University, English for

LALA, PUSHP and Sanjay Kumar. Communicate or collapse: a handbook of

Edgar Thorpe. Test of Reasoning, Tata McGraw-Hill,2003.

Career Press Editors, 101 Great Resumes, Jaico Publishing House,2003.

R.S. Aggarwal, A Modern Approach to Verbal & Non-Verbal Reasoning,S. Chand

Mishra Sunita and Muralikrishna, Communication Skills for Engineers, 1stEdition.

MEC 102 LIFE COPING SKILLS

HIMC 103 - MEDICAL PHYSICS

HIMC 104 BASICS OF LIFE SCIENCES

UNIT V HOSPITAL SERVICES

HIMC 105ELECTRONIC DEVICES

UNIT IV SPECIAL DIODES

Prentice Hall, 10 Edition,July 2008.

HIMC 106- IT AND NETWORKING

Languages, Features and trends. Introduction to MS-DOS/WINDOWS/LINUX/UNIX Office

HIMC201 BIO STATISTICS

HIMC 202 - HOSPITAL PLANNING AND MANAGEMENT

UNIT V INFECTION CONTROL

HIMC 203 ELECTRICAL CIRCUITS

Company, 6 edition, 2011.

HIMC 204 - SENSORS AND MEASUREMENTS

UNIT II DISPLACEMENT, PRESSURE AND TEMPERATURE SENSORS

HIMC 205 - HEALTH CARE SYSTEMS

HIMC 206 MEDICAL PHYSIOLOGY

HIMP 207 CIRCUITS AND DEVICES LAB

HIMC 301 - MEDICAL INSTRUMENTATION

UNIT III PATIENT MONITORING SYSTEMS AND BIOTELEMETRY

HIMC 302 - SIGNALS AND SYSTEMS

UNIT V REGISTERS AND COUNTERS

HIMC304 -ELECTRICAL AND ELECTRONIC MEASUREMENTS

resistance measurement Megger Direct deflection methods Prices guard-wire method

HIMC 305 - BIOLOGICAL CONTROL SYSTEMS

HIMC 306 - DIAGNOSTIC AND THERAPEUTIC EQUIPMENTS-I

Joseph J.carr and John M. Brown, Introduction to Biomedical equipment technology,

HIMP 307 -LINEAR AND DIGITAL ICS LAB

HIMC 401 - DIAGNOSTIC AND THERAPEUTIC EQUIPMENTS-II

UNIT-IV SENSORY INSTRUMENTS

HIMC 403 - MICROPROCESSOR AND MICROCONTROLLER

UNIT V APPLICATIONS IN MEDICINE

HIMC 404 - REHABILITATION ENGINEERING

UNIT IV ASSISTIVE TECHNOLOGY FOR VISION AND HEARING

HIMC 405 -LAB SERVICES AND BIOCHEMISTRY

UNIT II BLOOD DISORDERS

HIMC 406 - BIO SIGNAL PROCESSING