University of the Immaculate Conception

Bonifacio St., Davao City

Physics 1B

OHM’S LAW
TITLE

Submitted By:
Tura, Roselle C.
IT – 2B

Submitted To:
Engr. Bryant S. Arante

February , 2010
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1. Introduction

Electric circuits with only a single path for electricity to

flow along are called series circuits. Electric circuits with
multiple pathways for electricity to flow along are called
parallel circuits. A circuit’s total resistance to the flow of
electricity is calculated differently for series circuits than it is
for parallel circuits.

The relationship between current, voltage, and

resistance is given by Ohm’s law. This law states that the
amount of current passing through a conductor is directly
proportional to the voltage across the conductor and inversely
proportional to the resistance of the conductor. Ohm’s law can
be expressed as an equation, V = IR, where V is the difference in
volts between two locations (called the potential difference), I is
the amount of current in amperes that is flowing between these
two points, and R is the resistance in ohms of the conductor
between the two locations of interest. V = IR can also be written R =
V/I and I = V/R. If any two of the quantities are known, the third can be calculated. For example, if a potential
difference of 110 volts sends a 10-amp current through a conductor, then the resistance of the conductor is R
= V/I = 110/10 = 11 ohms. If V = 110 and R = 11, then I = V/R = 110/11 = 10 amp.

2. Objective
To study Ohm’s Law and the law relating to series and parallel direct – current circuits

3. Materials / Equipments
1. Tabular Rheostat (100 ohm) 4. Direct Current milliameter
2. Tabular Rheostat (200 ohm) (0 – 500 milliamperes)
3. Direct Current power supply 5. Direct Current (0 – 15 volts)
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4. Table

Series:

Current (amperes) 0.2 0.45 0.70 0.95

Voltage (volts) 12 13 14 15

Series and Parallel:

Current (A) Voltage (V) Resistance (Ω)

I I1 I2 V V1 V2 R R1 R2
Series Connection 0.32 0.32 0.32 12.
2.3 10.2 200 50 150
5 5 5 5
Parallel Connection 66.6
1.18 0.12 0.06 12 12 12 100 200
7

Computation:

Series: Parallel:
I =I 1=I 2 I =I 1+ I 2
I =0.325 A=0.325 A I =0.12+0.06
I =1.18 A
V =V 1+V 2
V =2.3+ 10.2 V =V 1=V 2
V =12.5 volts V =12 volts=12 volts

RT =R1 + R2 1 1 1
= +
RT =50 Ω+150 Ω R T R1 R2
RT =200 Ω 1 1 1
= +
R T 100 200
1 3
=
R T 200
1
=0.015
RT
RT =66.67 Ω
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5. Question and Answer (Analysis)

1. Explain how your graph demonstrates Ohm’s Law.
Basically, the graph shows that the current is directly proportional to the voltage and inversely
proportional to the resistance limiting the current. Connecting resistors in series is equivalent to
increasing the length, thus the resistance increases. On the other hand, connecting resistors in
parallel is equivalent to increasing the cross – sectional area. Thus, the combined resistance is
less than the resistance of each resistor.

2. Show how your results in calculations 3 – 5 check the formulas for the current, voltage and
resistance in series and parallel circuits.
Note: The answers are located in the Computation Area in page 3.
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6. Conclusion
From this experiment, as the voltage increases, the current also increases. This shows that the
current I is directly proportional to the voltage V. in symbols,
I∝V
Every part of a circuit offers resistance to the motion of the charges. The conductor or wires
connecting the rheostat to the power supply which both offer resistance. We define this resistance as a
property of a conductor that obstructs the flow of charges through the wire. This shows that the greater the
resistance in the conductor, the lesser the amount of current across it. In other words, the current across the
conductor is inversely proportional to the resistance. In symbols,
1
I∝
R
The resistance of an electrical conductor is directly proportional to the length and inversely
proportional its cross – sectional area.

7. Reference
Microsoft ® Encarta ® 2009. © 1993-2008 Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved.
Sotto, R. (2005). Physics . SIBS Publishing House, Inc. 258 – 259