EXPERIMENTREPORT

RemoteLaboratory
PengukuranPanjangGelombangLaser
Name:MohammadIqbalAndikoputro
NPM:1406547130
Faculty:Engineering
Department:ChemicalEngineering(PI)
ExperimentCode:OR01
ExperimentDate:March20th2015

UnitPelaksanaPendidikanIlmuPengetahuanDasar(UPPIPD)

UNIVERSITASINDONESIA
Depok,2014

I.

ExperimentObjective

Measuringthewavelengthoflaserlightusingadiffractiongrating.
II.ExperimentTools

a.
b.
c.
d.

Laserdeviceandpowersupply
Automaticselectortooldiffractiongrating(50Slit/1mm)
Scannerdevicealongwithaphotodiodedetectorcamcorders
PCsandDAQunitandautomaticcontroldevice

III.

BasicPrinciple

Alargenumberofparallelslitswithinthesamesocalled
diffractiongrating,althoughthetermlatticeinterferencemaybemore
appropriate.Latticecanbemadewithprecisionmachiningformparallel
lines,whichareverydelicateandmeticulousovertheglassplate.
Distanceisnotscratchedbetweenthelinesfunctionasagap.Thisgap
cantransmitlightthroughit.Diffractiongratingthatcontainscracks
referredtoasthetransmissiongrid.Reflectiongratingisalsopossible,
whichcanbemadeusingfinelinesonthesurfaceofmetalorglassfrom
whichlightisreflectedandanalyzed.
Thisanalysisisbasicallythesameforthetransmissiongrid.Ifthe
diffractiongratingisirradiatedwithabeamofparallellight,therays
transmittedbythegratingcanbeinterference.Thecrackswerequite
narrow,sothatdiffractedbyeachscatterlightwithaverylargeangleon
thescreenthatfarbehindthelattice,andinterferencecanoccurwiththe
lightofalltheotherslit.Beamsoflightthrougheverycrevicewithout
deflectioninterfereconstructivelytoproducelightinthemiddleofthe
screen.Constructiveinterferencealsomayoccuratananglesuchthat
thebeamoftheslitsidebysideasfarastheextradistancel=m,in
wheremisaninteger.Thus,ifdisthedistancebetweenthegap,then
wecanseethatl=dsin,sothat:
dsin=m
with:

d=distancebetweenthegap(m)
=angleofdeflectionoflight()
m=integer(1,2,3,...)
=wavelengthoflight(m)
IV. Procedure
Experimentalmeasurementsofthewavelengthofthelaserbeamby
usingadiffractiongratingonrLab.Thiscanbedonebyclickingabutton
linkrLabandthen:
1.Thewebcamshouldbeenabled.
2.setthediffractionbyclickingset.
3.Thepowersupplyshouldbeturnedon(powersupply).
4.Theintensityofthediffractionpatternshouldbescanbyclickingthe
icon"Measure".
5.Thedatashouldbetransferredfromrlabintoexcel
V.
AnalysisandEvaluation
1.Obtainedfromexperimentaldata,creategraphsintensityofthe
diffractionpattern(I,theexperimentisexpressedincurrentasafunction
ofposition(x),theIvs.x)!\2.Basedontheobtainedspectrum,specify
thelocationofthecenterlight(m=0),themaximumintensityofthefirst
order(m=1),theorderofthe2nd,3rdorderandsoon.Givetheorder
numberonthegraphforeachmaximumintensitydiffractionpattern!
3.Measurethedistancebetweenthelightandthecenterofthemaximum
intensityofeachordertodeterminethediffractionangleofeach
Eachorder!Inthisexperiment,thedistancebetweenthediffraction
gratingwithadetectorforL=(1301)cm
4.Graphsinasafunctionoftheorderofdiffraction(sinvs.m)and
calculatethewavelength()oflaserlightby
gradientlinesobtained!
5.Ifsinapproachedbytan,computeinthesamemannerasinthe
evaluationno.4.Whatistherelativedeviationresultsofthisapproach
tothecalculationofobtained
theevaluationno.4!
6.Giveanalysisanddiscusstheresultsofthisexperiment!
VI.

DataProcessing

1. IntensityvsPositionGraph

2. Lightlocated

Intensity vs Position Graph

6
5
4
Intensity

3
2
1
0
0

50

100

150

200

250

300

350

Position

3.
a.Distanceofthecenterofthebrightlightoftheorderof1:
Distance1=
=|positionofthecentralbrightbrightpositionorder1|
=|177.76218.24|
=40.48mm
Distance2=

400

=|positionofthecentralbrightbrightpositionorder2|
=|177.76134.64|
=43.12mm
distance(Y)=
=(40.48+43.12)/2=41.8mm
Sin=Y/L
Sin=
0.0418/1.3
=1.8
b.Distanceofthecenterofthebrightlightoftheorderof2:
Distance1=
=|positionofthecentralbrightbrightpositionorder1|
=|177.76259.16|
=81.4mm
Distance2=
=|positionofthecentralbrightbrightpositionorder2|
=|177.7692.84|
=84.92mm
distance(Y)=
=(81.4+84.92)/2=83.16mm
Sin=Y/L
Sin=
0.08316/1.3
=3.6
c.Distanceofthecenterofthebrightlightoftheorderof3:
Distance1=
=|positionofthecentralbrightbrightpositionorder1|
=|177.76302.28|
=124.52mm
Distance2=
=|positionofthecentralbrightbrightpositionorder2|
=|177.7651.48|
=126.28mm

distance(Y)=
=(124.52+126.28)/2=125.4mm
Sin=Y/L
Sin=
0.1254/1.3
=5.5
4.sin vs m graph
m

sin
0.032153
846
2 0.063969
231
3 0.096461
538
1

sin vs m graph
0.12
0.1
0.08
sin

0.06
0.04
0.02
0

y
x2
0.032153
846
2 0.063969
231
3 0.096461
538
6 0.192584
615
1

Total

y2
xy
0.001033 0.032153
87
846
4 0.004092 0.127938
062
462
9 0.009304 0.289384
828
615
14 0.014430 0.449476
761
923
1

m=0.03215
distancebetweentheslit(d)=2x105m
thus, =dxm
=2x105x0.03215
=6.43x107
=643nm
5.tan vsmgraph
m

tan
1 0.032153
846
2 0.063969
231
3 0.096461
538

tan vs m graph
0.12
0.1
0.08
tan

0.06
0.04
0.02
0
0.5

1.5

2.5

3.5

x
1
2
3
Total

y
x2
0.032153
846
0.063969
231
0.096461
538
0.192584
615

1
4
9
14

y2
xy
0.001033 0.032153
87
846
0.004092 0.127938
062
462
0.009304 0.289384
828
615
0.014430 0.449476
761
923

m=0.03215
distancebetweentheslit(d)=2x105m
thus, =dxm
=2x105x0.03215
=6.43x107
Inthisexperimentbecausetheissmall,thusthesinandtanis
consideredthesame,thevalueofsinandtanrespectivelythesame,
producing0%ofrelativedeviation.
VII. Analysis
1.ExperimentAnalysis
Theexperimentaboveisdoneremotelybyloggingintothe
sitrampilandclickingtherlablink.Onceloggedin,itappearsthelab,
onthepage,thereisavideofeaturingtheequipment,whichisused,
andacoupleofbuttonstocontroltheexperimentequipment.Firstof
alldotheinstallationofthelattice,afteritisdonescanninggrating
mountedonthelightintensitybythelightsensor.Theresultofthis
canbeseenscanningintensitylightanddarklocation.Havinginmind
thebrightlayoutorderto0,1,2,etc.,thentheordercanbesought
distanceto1,2,3etctoorderto0.Thisdistanceissubstitutedintothe
equationsin=Y/Ltoobtainalargeangle.Becauseoftheangle
issmall,thenthevalueofsinwithtanisnodifferent,resultingina
valuerelativeerrorof0%.Toseekwavelength,canbeusedformula
=(sin/m)d,wheresin/misthegradientofvs.sinm,soweget
theformula=gradientd.Thewavelengthoflightusedinthis
experimentwas643nm.Fromourcalculationresultscanalsoseethat
proportionaltom,inotherwords,ifmincreases,thenalso
increases.
3. GraphAnalysis
Fromtheexperimentabove,weproducethreegraph,thefirstgraph
showstherelationshipbetweentheintensityandpositionofthe
experiment,whereitcreates3differentbrightlightpositionfromthe
centerbrightlight.Thesecondandthirdgraphshowsthecorrelation
betweenthemandthesinorthetan,whereifthemisincreasing
thesin/tanalsoincreasesitmeanstheyshowdirectlyproportional
relationeachother

4. ErrorAnalysis
FromtheExperiment
abovetherearesomeerrorhappensthataffecttheresultofthe
experimentdata.ButbecausethisexperimentusesRlaborDigitalnot
normalconditionithaslowererrorlevelormoreaccuratethanthe
normalcondition.
VIII. Conclusion
Thewavelengthoflightthatisusedintheexperimentis643
nmor6.43x107m
Therelationbetweenandmisdirectlyproportionaloras
theincreasesthemcontinuetoincrease
Theexperimentcanbeusetofindthewavelengthofthe
light
Becausevaluesaresmallsobothsinandtanvaluesare
consideredassimilar,thustherelativeerroris0%
IX. References
Halliday,Resnick,Walker;FundamentalsofPhysics,7th
Edition,ExtendedEdition,JohnWiley&Sons,Inc.,NJ,
2005.
X.
ExperimentData
Position (mm)
0
0.44
0.88
1.32
1.76
2.2
2.64
3.08
3.52
3.96
4.4
4.84
5.28
5.72
6.16
6.6
7.04
7.48
7.92
8.36

Intensity
0.07
0.07
0.07
0.07
0.07
0.07
0.07
0.07
0.07
0.08
0.07
0.08
0.08
0.08
0.09
0.1
0.11
0.2
0.25
0.33

8.8
9.24
9.68
10.12
10.56
11
11.44
11.88
12.32
12.76
13.2
13.64
14.08
14.52
14.96
15.4
15.84
16.28
16.72
17.16
17.6
18.04
18.48
18.92
19.36
19.8
20.24
20.68
21.12
21.56
22
22.44
22.88
23.32
23.76
24.2
24.64
25.08
25.52
25.96
26.4
26.84
27.28
27.72
28.16
28.6

0.37
0.37
0.31
0.26
0.19
0.11
0.09
0.08
0.08
0.07
0.07
0.07
0.07
0.07
0.07
0.07
0.07
0.07
0.07
0.07
0.07
0.07
0.07
0.07
0.07
0.07
0.07
0.07
0.07
0.07
0.07
0.07
0.07
0.07
0.07
0.07
0.07
0.07
0.07
0.07
0.07
0.07
0.07
0.07
0.07
0.07

29.04
29.48
29.92
30.36
30.8
31.24
31.68
32.12
32.56
33
33.44
33.88
34.32
34.76
35.2
35.64
36.08
36.52
36.96
37.4
37.84
38.28
38.72
39.16
39.6
40.04
40.48
40.92
41.36
41.8
42.24
42.68
43.12
43.56
44
44.44
44.88
45.32
45.76
46.2
46.64
47.08
47.52
47.96
48.4
48.84

0.07
0.07
0.07
0.07
0.07
0.07
0.07
0.07
0.07
0.07
0.07
0.07
0.07
0.07
0.07
0.07
0.07
0.07
0.07
0.07
0.07
0.07
0.07
0.07
0.07
0.07
0.07
0.07
0.07
0.07
0.07
0.07
0.07
0.08
0.07
0.08
0.08
0.08
0.09
0.1
0.14
0.2
0.2
0.29
0.26
0.29

49.28
49.72
50.16
50.6
51.04
51.48
51.92
52.36
52.8
53.24
53.68
54.12
54.56
55
55.44
55.88
56.32
56.76
57.2
57.64
58.08
58.52
58.96
59.4
59.84
60.28
60.72
61.16
61.6
62.04
62.48
62.92
63.36
63.8
64.24
64.68
65.12
65.56
66
66.44
66.88
67.32
67.76
68.2
68.64
69.08

0.59
0.9
2.13
3.13
3.92
4.88
4.85
4.3
2.77
2.23
0.97
0.42
0.24
0.2
0.2
0.17
0.12
0.12
0.09
0.08
0.08
0.07
0.07
0.07
0.07
0.07
0.07
0.07
0.07
0.07
0.07
0.07
0.07
0.07
0.07
0.07
0.07
0.07
0.07
0.07
0.07
0.07
0.07
0.07
0.07
0.07

69.52
69.96
70.4
70.84
71.28
71.72
72.16
72.6
73.04
73.48
73.92
74.36
74.8
75.24
75.68
76.12
76.56
77
77.44
77.88
78.32
78.76
79.2
79.64
80.08
80.52
80.96
81.4
81.84
82.28
82.72
83.16
83.6
84.04
84.48
84.92
85.36
85.8
86.24
86.68
87.12
87.56
88
88.44
88.88
89.32

0.07
0.07
0.07
0.07
0.07
0.07
0.07
0.07
0.07
0.07
0.07
0.07
0.07
0.07
0.07
0.07
0.07
0.07
0.07
0.07
0.07
0.07
0.07
0.07
0.07
0.07
0.07
0.07
0.08
0.08
0.08
0.08
0.07
0.08
0.08
0.08
0.08
0.08
0.08
0.09
0.09
0.09
0.11
0.14
0.23
0.4

89.76
90.2
90.64
91.08
91.52
91.96
92.4
92.84
93.28
93.72
94.16
94.6
95.04
95.48
95.92
96.36
96.8
97.24
97.68
98.12
98.56
99
99.44
99.88
100.32
100.76
101.2
101.64
102.08
102.52
102.96
103.4
103.84
104.28
104.72
105.16
105.6
106.04
106.48
106.92
107.36
107.8
108.24
108.68
109.12
109.56

0.42
0.7
0.65
0.69
1.09
1.75
3.71
4.97
4.97
4.97
4.97
4.97
4.73
3.78
2.1
0.81
0.54
0.45
0.49
0.45
0.24
0.23
0.14
0.09
0.08
0.08
0.08
0.08
0.08
0.08
0.08
0.08
0.08
0.07
0.08
0.07
0.08
0.08
0.07
0.08
0.07
0.07
0.07
0.07
0.07
0.07

110
110.44
110.88
111.32
111.76
112.2
112.64
113.08
113.52
113.96
114.4
114.84
115.28
115.72
116.16
116.6
117.04
117.48
117.92
118.36
118.8
119.24
119.68
120.12
120.56
121
121.44
121.88
122.32
122.76
123.2
123.64
124.08
124.52
124.96
125.4
125.84
126.28
126.72
127.16
127.6
128.04
128.48
128.92
129.36
129.8

0.07
0.07
0.07
0.07
0.07
0.07
0.07
0.07
0.07
0.07
0.08
0.07
0.08
0.08
0.07
0.08
0.08
0.08
0.08
0.07
0.08
0.08
0.07
0.08
0.08
0.08
0.08
0.08
0.08
0.08
0.08
0.08
0.09
0.09
0.09
0.09
0.08
0.09
0.09
0.09
0.09
0.09
0.1
0.1
0.11
0.13

130.24
130.68
131.12
131.56
132
132.44
132.88
133.32
133.76
134.2
134.64
135.08
135.52
135.96
136.4
136.84
137.28
137.72
138.16
138.6
139.04
139.48
139.92
140.36
140.8
141.24
141.68
142.12
142.56
143
143.44
143.88
144.32
144.76
145.2
145.64
146.08
146.52
146.96
147.4
147.84
148.28
148.72
149.16
149.6
150.04

0.18
0.3
0.59
0.69
1.13
1.29
1.23
1.58
2.17
3.47
4.97
4.97
4.96
4.97
4.97
4.97
4.53
3.11
1.44
1.07
0.92
0.9
0.89
0.57
0.42
0.32
0.13
0.1
0.09
0.09
0.09
0.09
0.1
0.09
0.1
0.1
0.09
0.09
0.09
0.09
0.1
0.09
0.1
0.1
0.09
0.09

150.48
150.92
151.36
151.8
152.24
152.68
153.12
153.56
154
154.44
154.88
155.32
155.76
156.2
156.64
157.08
157.52
157.96
158.4
158.84
159.28
159.72
160.16
160.6
161.04
161.48
161.92
162.36
162.8
163.24
163.68
164.12
164.56
165
165.44
165.88
166.32
166.76
167.2
167.64
168.08
168.52
168.96
169.4
169.84
170.28

0.09
0.09
0.09
0.09
0.09
0.09
0.08
0.08
0.08
0.08
0.08
0.08
0.08
0.09
0.08
0.09
0.09
0.09
0.09
0.09
0.09
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.11
0.11
0.11
0.12
0.13
0.14
0.17
0.21
0.23
0.28
0.26
0.25
0.25
0.25
0.27
0.28
0.31
0.35
0.39

170.72
171.16
171.6
172.04
172.48
172.92
173.36
173.8
174.24
174.68
175.12
175.56
176
176.44
176.88
177.32
177.76
178.2
178.64
179.08
179.52
179.96
180.4
180.84
181.28
181.72
182.16
182.6
183.04
183.48
183.92
184.36
184.8
185.24
185.68
186.12
186.56
187
187.44
187.88
188.32
188.76
189.2
189.64
190.08
190.52

0.48
0.56
0.74
1.32
3.4
4.96
4.96
4.96
4.96
4.96
4.96
4.96
4.96
4.96
4.96
4.96
4.96
4.96
4.96
4.96
4.96
4.96
4.96
4.96
4.96
4.96
4.96
4.96
2.87
0.73
0.29
0.26
0.25
0.25
0.26
0.28
0.3
0.3
0.3
0.25
0.2
0.19
0.2
0.21
0.22
0.19

190.96
191.4
191.84
192.28
192.72
193.16
193.6
194.04
194.48
194.92
195.36
195.8
196.24
196.68
197.12
197.56
198
198.44
198.88
199.32
199.76
200.2
200.64
201.08
201.52
201.96
202.4
202.84
203.28
203.72
204.16
204.6
205.04
205.48
205.92
206.36
206.8
207.24
207.68
208.12
208.56
209
209.44
209.88
210.32
210.76

0.22
0.13
0.09
0.09
0.09
0.09
0.09
0.08
0.08
0.08
0.08
0.08
0.08
0.08
0.08
0.08
0.08
0.08
0.08
0.08
0.08
0.08
0.08
0.08
0.08
0.08
0.08
0.08
0.08
0.08
0.08
0.08
0.08
0.08
0.08
0.08
0.09
0.08
0.09
0.09
0.09
0.09
0.09
0.09
0.09
0.09

211.2
211.64
212.08
212.52
212.96
213.4
213.84
214.28
214.72
215.16
215.6
216.04
216.48
216.92
217.36
217.8
218.24
218.68
219.12
219.56
220
220.44
220.88
221.32
221.76
222.2
222.64
223.08
223.52
223.96
224.4
224.84
225.28
225.72
226.16
226.6
227.04
227.48
227.92
228.36
228.8
229.24
229.68
230.12
230.56
231

0.09
0.1
0.1
0.11
0.12
0.13
0.19
0.3
0.44
0.65
0.86
0.88
0.94
1.09
1.15
1.4
1.67
1.85
1.93
1.76
1.62
1.54
1.25
1.03
0.95
0.82
0.77
0.77
0.63
0.45
0.43
0.25
0.11
0.09
0.08
0.08
0.09
0.09
0.09
0.09
0.09
0.09
0.09
0.08
0.08
0.08

231.44
231.88
232.32
232.76
233.2
233.64
234.08
234.52
234.96
235.4
235.84
236.28
236.72
237.16
237.6
238.04
238.48
238.92
239.36
239.8
240.24
240.68
241.12
241.56
242
242.44
242.88
243.32
243.76
244.2
244.64
245.08
245.52
245.96
246.4
246.84
247.28
247.72
248.16
248.6
249.04
249.48
249.92
250.36
250.8
251.24

0.08
0.08
0.08
0.08
0.08
0.07
0.07
0.07
0.07
0.07
0.07
0.07
0.08
0.07
0.07
0.08
0.07
0.07
0.07
0.07
0.07
0.07
0.07
0.07
0.07
0.07
0.07
0.07
0.07
0.07
0.07
0.07
0.07
0.07
0.07
0.07
0.07
0.07
0.07
0.08
0.08
0.08
0.08
0.08
0.08
0.08

251.68
252.12
252.56
253
253.44
253.88
254.32
254.76
255.2
255.64
256.08
256.52
256.96
257.4
257.84
258.28
258.72
259.16
259.6
260.04
260.48
260.92
261.36
261.8
262.24
262.68
263.12
263.56
264
264.44
264.88
265.32
265.76
266.2
266.64
267.08
267.52
267.96
268.4
268.84
269.28
269.72
270.16
270.6
271.04
271.48

0.08
0.08
0.08
0.08
0.08
0.09
0.09
0.09
0.1
0.15
0.22
0.27
0.42
0.47
0.48
0.56
0.58
0.69
0.81
0.83
0.88
0.89
0.76
0.79
0.79
0.71
0.64
0.6
0.46
0.47
0.41
0.34
0.31
0.23
0.14
0.09
0.08
0.08
0.08
0.08
0.08
0.08
0.09
0.09
0.08
0.08

271.92
272.36
272.8
273.24
273.68
274.12
274.56
275
275.44
275.88
276.32
276.76
277.2
277.64
278.08
278.52
278.96
279.4
279.84
280.28
280.72
281.16
281.6
282.04
282.48
282.92
283.36
283.8
284.24
284.68
285.12
285.56
286
286.44
286.88
287.32
287.76
288.2
288.64
289.08
289.52
289.96
290.4
290.84
291.28
291.72

0.08
0.08
0.08
0.08
0.08
0.08
0.07
0.07
0.07
0.07
0.07
0.07
0.07
0.07
0.07
0.07
0.07
0.07
0.07
0.07
0.07
0.07
0.07
0.07
0.07
0.07
0.07
0.07
0.07
0.07
0.07
0.07
0.07
0.07
0.07
0.07
0.07
0.07
0.07
0.07
0.07
0.07
0.07
0.07
0.07
0.07

292.16
292.6
293.04
293.48
293.92
294.36
294.8
295.24
295.68
296.12
296.56
297
297.44
297.88
298.32
298.76
299.2
299.64
300.08
300.52
300.96
301.4
301.84
302.28
302.72
303.16
303.6
304.04
304.48
304.92
305.36
305.8
306.24
306.68
307.12
307.56
308
308.44
308.88
309.32
309.76
310.2
310.64
311.08
311.52
311.96

0.07
0.07
0.07
0.07
0.07
0.07
0.07
0.07
0.08
0.07
0.08
0.08
0.1
0.11
0.14
0.18
0.21
0.22
0.24
0.25
0.29
0.33
0.35
0.36
0.37
0.34
0.34
0.36
0.33
0.3
0.28
0.22
0.22
0.2
0.18
0.16
0.14
0.11
0.08
0.07
0.07
0.07
0.07
0.08
0.08
0.07

312.4
312.84
313.28
313.72
314.16
314.6
315.04
315.48
315.92
316.36
316.8
317.24
317.68
318.12
318.56
319
319.44
319.88
320.32
320.76
321.2
321.64
322.08
322.52
322.96
323.4
323.84
324.28
324.72
325.16
325.6
326.04
326.48
326.92
327.36
327.8
328.24
328.68
329.12
329.56
330
330.44
330.88
331.32
331.76
332.2

0.08
0.08
0.08
0.08
0.07
0.07
0.07
0.07
0.07
0.07
0.07
0.07
0.07
0.07
0.07
0.07
0.07
0.07
0.07
0.07
0.07
0.07
0.07
0.07
0.07
0.07
0.07
0.07
0.07
0.07
0.07
0.07
0.07
0.07
0.07
0.07
0.07
0.07
0.07
0.07
0.07
0.07
0.07
0.07
0.07
0.07

332.64
333.08
333.52
333.96
334.4
334.84
335.28
335.72
336.16
336.6
337.04
337.48
337.92
338.36
338.8
339.24
339.68
340.12
340.56
341
341.44
341.88
342.32
342.76
343.2
343.64
344.08
344.52
344.96
345.4
345.84
346.28
346.72
347.16
347.6
348.04
348.48
348.92
349.36
349.8
350.24
350.68
351.12
351.56
352
352.44

0.07
0.07
0.07
0.07
0.07
0.07
0.07
0.07
0.07
0.07
0.07
0.07
0.07
0.07
0.07
0.07
0.07
0.07
0.07
0.07
0.08
0.07
0.08
0.08
0.08
0.08
0.08
0.08
0.08
0.08
0.08
0.08
0.08
0.08
0.08
0.08
0.08
0.07
0.07
0.08
0.07
0.07
0.07
0.07
0.07
0.07

352.88
353.32
353.76
354.2
354.64
355.08
355.52
355.96
356.4
356.84
357.28
357.72
358.16
358.6
359.04

0.07
0.07
0.07
0.07
0.07
0.07
0.07
0.07
0.07
0.07
0.07
0.07
0.07
0.07
0.07