Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Relay
Selection
Guide
x
g
GET-8048A
MULTILIN
Page
Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
...1
Basic
Concepts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
Types of Distress . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
.3
Detection
Modes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
Protection
Characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
Generators . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
Motors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
Feeders . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
Transformers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
Buses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
Incoming Lines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
GE Relay Index . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35
References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36
INTRODUCTION
x
INTRODUCTION
Power distribution systems serving industrial or
commercial facilities represent a variety of costs
Zones of Protection
Other zones could be defined to
comprise buses, generators, motors,
cables, etc. Figure 2 shows one final
requirement about these zones - they
must overlap. Because protection is
applied in association with these defined
zones, it is absolutely essential that every
portion of the system must fall within a
zone in order to assure that there are no
areas which are unprotected. Figure 2
Zones must overlap
BASIC CONCEPTS
Remote backup protection is the most common practice in
both industrial and commercial applications, and usually
involves time delays to assure selectivity.
Local Backup - in which each zone is equipped with a
complete set of redundant relays. Often the relays which
are designated as backup employ different measuring
principles, and in more conservative schemes, may employ
totally different signal sources, and even trip different
breakers using different battery supplies.
2
the fault. For the protection engineer, the worst case initial
current is that which includes the full dc transient.
The voltage which drives a short-circuit includes sources
such as remote generators with voltage regulators that will
maintain their value regardless of the presence of a shortcircuit
on the system, as well as nearby sources whose
voltage will decay when the short-circuit is present. The
amount of decay is determined by the nature of the source.
Nearby generators and synchronous motors which have
active excitation systems will sustain some voltage, but
since the short-circuit will cause their terminal voltage to
drop, the current they produce will gradually be reduced as
the fault is allowed to persist. At the same time, induction
motors will initially participate as short-circuit current
sources, but their voltages will decay rapidly as the trapped
flux is rapidly drained.
Overcurrent
Figure 3
Short-circuit currents include components with
both ac and dc decrement
TYPES OF DISTRESS
Overload is exactly what the term implies - excessive load
demand reflected back into the power distribution system.
The undesirable aspect of overload is purely thermal (I2t)
heating in conductors and transformers, related thermal
Overload
Open Circuit
Abnormal Voltage or Frequency
abuse to the power utilization equipment which interfaces
the load to the electrical system. Overload is a significant
aspect of low voltage protection, but is usually not a major
consideration at medium and high voltages.
4
these equipments have little tolerance. Hence, open circuit
protection is frequently applied on motors and generators,
and seldom on the passive portions of the distribution
system.
than a direct result of the failure itself. Undervoltage can
result in overload-like thermal heating, while overvoltage
can shorten insulation life and accelerate insulation failure
(and short-circuits). Abnormal frequency usually is
indicative of an imbalance between load and generation.
DETECTION MODES
Circuit - Current or Impedance
Based on the desire to array protection in logical zones,
the most common mode of protection is one which can not
only detect that an abnormality (such as a short circuit)
exists, but which can also determine its location. The
parameter which most simply locates faults is current short-circuits result in abnormal flow of current, and a relay
system which looks for high current will be able to selectively
detect faults. Current is the parameter which is used in the
vast majority of all protection schemes, and is used almost
exclusively from 35kV down through 120V residential
distribution.
PROTECTION CHARACTERISTICS
5
Time Overcurrent
The principle of time overcurrent protection is that relays
are applied appropriately at the terminals of zones, and
each relay is then given both a current pickup and a time
delay setting. The current pickup establishes the sensitivity
of the relay; a variety of rules dictate what this sensitivity
must be. Some of these rules are mandatory and must be
followed; the National Electrical Code contains a number
of requirements on the current setting of overcurrent relays.
Other rules are embodied in application standards, and
while these are not absolutely mandatory, they do represent
a consensus of the industry from which most engineers
would not want to deviate. Finally, there are several rules
of thumb, or conventional practices which, through
experience, have been recognized as good things to do.
6
Figure 5
Selective coordination of time overcurrent relays assumes that
the backup relay will always be slower than the primary relay
Voltage
Directionality
Normal current leads voltage by 90
Figure 6
Basic system phasor relationships
Figure 7
Directional relay directionality
s
s
V
I
Directional phasor
Operating region
Non-operating
region
Figure 9
Basic operation of differential relays
Distance
While overcurrent, voltage, distance and directionality are
powerful techniques, all of them involve some compromise
between the objectives of reliability, security, speed,
selectivity and economy. Differential protection is different.
It is profoundly simple, inherently secure, highly reliable,
fast, and reasonably economical. As a result, differential
protection is the most important concept in protection.
The concept is a direct extension of Kirchoff's current law the sum of all currents into a region must be zero. Current
transformers are placed at each electrical terminal of the
protected zone and wired together as indicated in Figure 9.
For external faults, where fault current passes through the
zone, current circulates in the current transformer
secondaries without passing through the relay. If the fault
is internal to the zone, then the currents introduced into the
current transformer secondaries oppose each other and
are forced to flow through the relay.
The basics of a differential application include:
CT at each power connection to the protected zone
All ct's have the same rating
Careful attention to assure proper ct connections
Differential protection is primary protection: it
cannot provide backup protection for remote zones
Differential
9
PROTECTIION PACKAGES
The following protection packages are organized according
GEN G E N E R A T O R
Protective Zone (GEN1)
Minimum protection for a small machine with low resistance grounding:
LOW
RES
87G
RTD
49R 81L/H
32 40 46
50GS
CONTROL
PACKAGE
86G
64B
3
Basic Package
3 51V Voltage-restrained Time Overcurrent Relay IFCV51AD
1 51GN Neutral Ground Overcurrent Relay DIFC or IFC53A
Options
1 27 Undervoltage Relay TOV5 or IAV54
1 32 Reverse Power Relay (detects losses over 5%) ICW51A
or Reverse Power Relay (detects losses below 5%) or GGP53C
1 40 Loss-of-excitation Relay CEH51A
1 46 Negative Sequence Relay SGC21C
1 49R Stator Overtemperature Relay (RTD input) IRT51E
1 50GS Ground Sensor Overcurrent Relay (in place of DIFC or HFC21
51GN where system ground is not generator neutral)
3 51VC Voltage-controlled Overcurrent Relay (in place of 51V) IFCS51AD
1 59 Overvoltage Relay TOV5 or
IFV71AD
1 64B Generator Ground Overvoltage Relay
(in place of 51GN where generator is ungrounded) TOV5 or
IFV51DD
1 81 L/H Under/Overfrequency Relay SFF202B
1 86G Lockout Auxiliary Relay HEA61
1 87G Self-balancing Current Differential Relay
(for connections see MTR1A figure) MDP
or Percentage Current Differential Relay or CFD22A
3*
s
GEN G E N E R A T O R
Device list for GEN 1A
27 Undervoltage
32 Power Direction
40 Loss of Excitation
46 Current Unbalance
49R Overload (RTD)
50GS Instantaneous Overcurrent
Ground
51GN Time Overcurrent (Ground)
51VC Time Overcurrent (V Control)
59 Overvoltage
81L/H Frequency
86G Lockout Auxiliary
87G Differential
LOW
RES
GEN
2 (or 3)
1
3*
1
3
87G
86G
CONTROL
PACKAGE
50GS
40 46/49C
51GN
51
81L/H
51VC
27
59
32
Alternate Package
1 Multifunction analog relay system containing
the following modules: MID100
Multifunction Module with functions: MGC
46 Negative Sequence
49C Thermal Image
51 Definite Time Overcurrent
51GN Neutral Ground Overcurrent
51VC Voltage-controlled Overcurrent Modules MIC7/TOV4
Options
1 27 Undervoltage Module (into MID100 system) TOV5
1 32 Reverse Power Module (into MID100 system) TCW
1 81L/H Under/Overfrequency Module (into MID100 system) MFF
(For additional options, see GEN1 package)
s
27 Undervoltage
50/27 Inadvertent generator energization
32 Reverse power for anti-motoring
38 Bearing overtemperature
39 Bearing vibration (analog inputs)
40Q Loss of field
46 Negative Sequence Overcurrent(I2
2t)
47 Voltage phase reversal
49 Stator thermal (RTD and thermal
model)
50BF Breaker failure detection
50S Instantaneous overcurrent
(during startup)
50/51GN Instantaneous or definite time overcurrent
51V Voltage restrained phase overcurrent
59 Overvoltage
59GN/ 100% stator ground
27TN
60FL VT fuse failure detection
81 Over and underfrequency
87G Phase differential
86G Lockout Auxiliary
GENG E N E R A T O R
12
52
2 (or 3)
1
PROBE
50/51GN
3
1
59GN
Output
relays
RTD
RTD
GEN
BUS
1
Basic Package
1 Multifunction microprocessor-based protection SR489
including the following functions:
12 Overspeed
24 Overexcitation, Volts/Hz
27 Undervoltage
50/27 Inadvertent generator energization
32 Reverse power for anti-motoring
38 Bearing overtemperature
39 Bearing vibration (analog inputs)
40Q Loss of field
46 Negative Sequence Overcurrent (I2
2t)
47 Voltage phase reversal
49 Stator thermal (RTD and thermal model)
50BF Breaker failure detection
50S Instantaneous overcurrent (during startup)
50/51GN Instantaneous or definite time overcurrent
51V Voltage restrained phase overcurrent
59 Overvoltage
59GN/27TN 100% stator ground
60FL VT fuse failure detection
81 Over and underfrequency
87G Phase differential
Sequential tripping logic
Trip coil supervision
Options
1 86G Lockout Relay HEA61
(For additional options, see GEN1 package)
27
47
59
32
24
46
49
50S
49
38
12
27TN
50BF
Output
relays
6
86G
81O
81U
40Q
50/27
51V
60FL
87G
s
GENG E N E R A T O R
** If no external fault source exists,
exchange connections of protection
from line side CT's to neutral side
CT's and vice versa.
Basic Package
1 Multifunction microprocessor-based relay system DGP--BA 0005
including the following functions:
21GX Timing auxiliary to 21G
24 Overexcitation
27 Undervoltage
27TN Third Harmonic Undervoltage
32 Reverse Power (1 step)
40 Loss-of-excitation
46 Current Unbalance (negative sequence)
51GN Ground Overcurrent (backup to 64G)
51V Voltage-restrained overcurrent
59 Overvoltage
60V VT Fuse Failure Detection
64G Stator Ground (95%)
81L/H Under/Overfrequency (2 setpoints each)
87G Percentage current differential
Accidental energization protection
Trip circuit monitoring
Personal computer communications interface,
event time tagging, fault data capture
Oscillography capture, time standard I/F
1 86G Lockout Auxiliary Relay HEA61
Options
1 21G System Backup Distance Relay (in place of 51V) SLY92/SLY82
1 49R Stator Overtemperature Relay (RTD) IRT51E
1 60V2 Voltage Balance Relay CFVB11
81L/H
27
24 32
40
59
46
51V
86G
51GN
RES 64G1
1
3**
3 21G 78
60V2
GEN
3** RTD
49R
3 (or 2)
3 (or 2)
TO
VOLT
REG
87G
64F
1 41
FIELD
60V
1
27TN
21GX
s
s
40 Loss of Excitation
46 Current Unbalance
49R Overload (RTD)
51GN Time Overcurrent (Ground)
51V Time Overcurrent (V Restraint)
59 Overvoltage
60V Voltage Balance
64F Ground (field)
64G Ground (stator)
78 Out-of-step
81L/H Frequency
86G Lockout Auxiliary
87G Differential
GENG E N E R A T O R
Protective Zone (GEN4)
Recommended protection for a more important large machine with high resistance
grounding:
** If no external fault source exists,
exchange connections of protection
from line side CT's to neutral side
CT's and vice versa.
14
Basic Package
1 Multifunction microprocessor-based protection DGP--CA
relay including the following functions:
24 Overexcitation
27 Undervoltage Relay
27TN Third Harmonic Undervoltage
21GX Timing Auxiliary to External 21G
32 Reverse Power (2 steps)
40 Loss-of-excitation
46 Current Unbalance (negative sequence)
51GN Ground Overcurrent Relay
51V Voltage-restrained overcurrent
59 Overvoltage
60V VT Fuse Failure Detection
64G Stator Ground (100%) (Requires (3) main vts connected wye)
81L/H Under/Overfrequency (4/2 setpoints)
87G Percentage current differential
Accidental energization protection
Trip circuit monitoring
Personal computer communications interface,
event time tagging, fault data capture
Oscillography capture, printer I/F, time standard I/F
1 86G Lockout Auxiliary Relay HEA61
(For options see GEN1 and GEN3 Options)
BUS
52
81L/H
59
24 32
40
46
51V
86G
RES 64G1
1
3**
3 21G 78
60V2
GEN
3**
RTD
49R
3 (or 2)
3 (or 2)
TO
VOLT
REG
64F
1 41
FIELD
64G2
60V
87G
27
51GN
1
21GX
27TN
s
s
MTRM O T O R
BUS
M
3
1 50GS
49/50 49S/50
62 60V 27 47
CONTROL
PACKAGE
49R
50/51
Options
1 38 Bearing Overtemperature Relay (RTD) IRT51E
1 47 Three-phase Undervoltage and Reverse Phase Sequence ICR
Relay (in place of 27)
(Requires open-delta or wye-wye voltage transformers)
1 48 Adjustable Time Delay Relay or Timer
1 49R Winding Overtemperature Relay IRT51E
1 49S/50 Stalled Rotor Relay IFC66K
1 60V Voltage Unbalance Relay NBV11
(use with 62 and may require harmonic filter)
1 62 Timing Auxiliary Relay SAM201
s
MTRM O T O R
Device list for MTR1A
27 Undervoltage
37 Undercurrent
38 Bearing Overtemperature (RTD)
46 Unbalance or current-reversal
47 Three phase undervoltage and
reverse phase sequence
48 Adjustable definite time device
or timer
49 Overload
49R Winding Overtemperature
(Thermistor or RTD)
49S Locked rotor
50 Short circuit
50GS Ground fault
60V Voltage unbalance
62 Timer
66 Successive starts
87M Differential
86,86M Lockout Auxiliary
Basic Package
1 Microprocessor-based Motor Relay including the
following functions: 239 or MMC
37 Undercurrent
38 Bearing Overtemperature (239 only)
46 Unbalance or Current-Reversal
49 Overload
49R Winding Overtemperature (Thermistor or RTD) (239 only)
49S Locked Rotor
50 Short Circuit
50GS Ground Fault
66 Successive Starts
86 Lockout Relay (239 only)
1 27 Undervoltage Relay TOV5
Options
1 86M Lockout Auxiliary Relay HEA61
1 87M Self-balance Differential Relay HFC23
(Add if required and if possible to mount three 50/5A
current transformers at the motor.)
or Percentage Differential Relay CFD22A or DTP1
(Add if required. See MTR2 figure for one-line representation)
(For additional options see MTR1)
BUS
48
62 60V
CONTROL
PACKAGE
47 27
86M 87M
3
3
49/
49S/50 37 46 66
1 50GS 49R 86 38
(3)
RTD (option) or
Thermistor
TRIP
s
s
MTRM O T O R
3
87M M
86M
CONTROL
PACKAGE
3
49R
1 50GS/
51GS
3 49/49S 50/51
86
37 46
48/66
BUS
27/59 47
Basic Package
1 Digital Motor Relay including the following functions: 269 Plus
27 Undervoltage (Meter Option)
37 Undercurrent
38 Bearing Overtemperature (RTD)
46 Current Unbalance
47 Voltage Phase Loss/Sequence (Meter Option)
48 Incomplete Sequence
49R Winding Overtemperature
49S Locked Rotor
49/51 Overload
50GS/51GS Ground Fault
51R Jam (Running)
59 Overvoltage (Meter Option)
66 Successive Starts
86 Lockout Relay
1 87M Differential Relay CFD22A
or DTP1
1 86M Lockout Auxiliary Relay HEA61
Options
(See options for MTR1 and MTR1A)
s
MTRM O T O R
Protective Zone (MTR2A)
Recommended protection for a more important large induction motor (1500 HP and
above):
CONTROL
PACKAGE
3
1 50GS/
51GS
3 49/49S 50/51
48/66
BUS
27/59 47
Motor
37
26
46
49R
10
RTD
Basic Package
1 Digital Motor Relay including the following functions: 469
27 Undervoltage
37 Undercurrent
38 Bearing Overtemperature (RTD)
46 Current Unbalance
47 Voltage Phase Loss/Sequence
48 Incomplete Sequence
49R Winding Overtemperature
49S(26) Locked Rotor
49/51 Overload
50 Short Circuit
50GS/51GS Ground Fault
51R Jam (Running)
59 Overvoltage
66 Successive Starts
81L/H Under-and Overfrequency
87M Self-Balance Differential (for connections see MTR1A figure)
1 86M Lock-out Auxiliary Relay HEA61
Options
1 87M Differential Relay CFD22A
or DTP1
(See options for MTR1, and MTR1A)
s
MTRM O T O R
Basic Package
1 Microprocessor-based Synchronous Motor Relay including SPM
the following functions:
26F Ammortisseur Winding Overtemperature
(Include if field is accessible)
27DC Undervoltage Relay
37 Undercurrent
50 Short Circuit
55 Out of Step Protection/Power Factor
95 Reluctance Torque Synchronizing and Re-Synchronizing
96 Autoloading/Unloading Relay
BUS
CONTROL
PACKAGE
3 50 55
48
26F 37
27DC 95
Idc
Vdc
MOTOR
FIELD
FDRF E E D E R
Protective Zone (FDR1)
Standard Non-directional circuit, residually connected ground relay:
Device list for FDR1
50/51 Phase overcurrent and short
circuit
51N Time delay ground fault
50N Instantaneous ground fault
BUS
52
3 50/51
LOAD
50N
51N
Basic Package
1 50/51/ Phase Overcurrent, Short Circuit and Ground Fault Relay MDP or SR735
51N or 50N
Options
1 79 Recloser Relay SLR12
FDRF E E D E R
Protective Zone (FDR2)
Standard Non-directional circuit, with ground sensor relay:
BUS
52
LOAD
3 50/51
1
51GS
50GS
Basic Package
1 50/51/ Phase Overcurrent, Short Circuit and Ground Fault Relay MDP / SR735
51GS or 50GS
Options
1 79 Recloser Relay SLR12
FDRF E E D E R
Protective Zone (FDR3)
Standard Directional circuit:
BUS
52
3 67 67N
LINE/LOAD
TRIP
DIRECTION
Basic Package
1 67/67N Directional Phase and Ground Fault Relay DFP100 or
(Optional recloser 79 function is included). SR750 / SR760
Options
1 79 Recloser Relay SLR12
s
FDRF E E D E R
Protective Zone (FDR4)
Long lines and critical short length lines:
BKR 52
52
87L
PILOT WIRE
86L
86L
3
3
LINE
Basic Package
2 87L Pilot Wire Line Differential Relay SPD11
2 86L Lockout Auxiliary Relay HEA61
Options
1 85LM Pilot Wire Monitor Relay (sending end) SPA11
1 85LM Pilot Wire Monitor Relay (receiving end) SPA12
Alternate Package
2 87L Current Differential Relay DLS3
2 86L Lockout Auxiliary Relay HEA61
s
s
TRTRANSFORMER
52
1
50/51
50GS
52
M.V.
L.V.
Basic Package
1 50/51/50GS Overcurrent, Short Circuit and Ground Fault Relay MDP or SR735
TR
Protective Zone (TR2)
Protection for transformers 750kVa and above, medium voltage windings:
TRANSFORMER
52
1
50/51
50GS
63X
52
3
3
M.V.
M.V.
87T
86T
63
*INTEGRAL TO TRANSFORMER
Basic Package
1 87T Differential Relay DTP or SR745
63X Fault Pressure Auxiliary Relay
X 86T Lockout Auxiliary Relay (quantity as required) HEA61
1 50/51/50GS* Overcurrent, Short Circuit and Ground Fault Relay MDP
TRTRANSFORMER
Additional Transformer Ground Protection
52
52
(other devices)
87N
51G
1
1 Aux. CT
BUSB U S
52
SOURCE
3
51 51N
52 52
BUS
FEEDER (FDR)
RELAY
PACKAGE
FEEDER (FDR)
RELAY
PACKAGE
Basic Package
1 51/51N Phase Overcurrent and Ground Fault Relay MDP or SR735
Options
1 64 Ground Fault Relay (ungrounded systems) TCCV
BUSB U S
Protective Zone (BUS2)
Multiple sources with bus tie breaker:
Device list for BUS2
51 Phase overcurrent
51N Ground fault
52 52 FEEDER (FDR)
RELAY
PACKAGE
FEEDER (FDR)
RELAY
PACKAGE
52
SOURCE
52
SOURCE
52
3
51
BUS
51N
51
51N
3
33
Basic Package
1 51/51N Phase Overcurrent and Ground Fault Relay MDP or SR735
Options
1 64 Ground Fault Relay (ungrounded systems) TCCV
BUSB U S
Protective Zone (BUS3)
Single or multiple sources, with or without bus tie breakers:
52 52
52
3
BUS
3
87B
Basic Package
3 87B Differential Relay PVD21 or SBD11
BUSB U S
Protective Zone (BUS4)
Multiple sources, bus tie breakers, multi-ratio CT's:
52 52
33
87B
52
BUS
52 52
33
33
Basic Package
1 87B Differential Relay BUS1000
IL INCOMING LINE
52
3
51N
51
PLANT
MAIN BUS
TO UTILITY SOURCE
TO 87B
27 59 81L/H
Basic Package
1 51/51N Phase Overcurrent and Ground Fault Relay MDP
IL INCOMING LINE
Protective Zone (IL2)
Single source incoming line via utility transformer (no internal generation):
52
PLANT
MAIN BUS
TO 87B
60V 62
51
51G1 51G2
3 2 (or 3)
TO UTILITY SOURCE
TRANSFORMER
TO TRANSFORMER
NEUTRAL CT
Basic Package
1 51/51G Phase Overcurrent and Ground Fault (Bus) Relay MDP
IL INCOMING LINE
Protective Zone (IL3)
Single source incoming line with internal generation:
52
PLANT
MAIN BUS
TO 87B
TO UTILITY SOURCE
51
51N 67N
87L 2 (or 3)
3
85
LM/TT
67
AUX PT
PILOT
WIRES
TO UTILITY
86L
Basic Package
1 87L Pilot Wire Line Differential Relay SPD11*
1 86L Lockout Auxiliary Relay HEA61
1 67/67N Directional Phase and Ground Overcurrent Relay MOR3
1 51/51N Phase Overcurrent and Ground Fault Relay MDP
Alternates
1 87L/85LM/ Line Differential & Channel Monitor & Transfer DLS3*
85TT Trip Auxiliary Relay
3 67 Directional Phase Overcurrent Relay (Single Phase Units) IBC53 or JBC53
1 67N Directional Ground Overcurrent Relay (Single Phase Units) IBCG53 or JBCG53
4 51, 51N Phase/Ground Overcurrent Relays (Single Phase Units) DIFC or IFC53A
Options
1 85LM Pilot Wire Monitor [different device at send SPA11A or 12A*
and receive ends] Relay
1 85LM/TT Pilot Wire Monitor and Transfer Trip Auxiliary Relay SPA11B or 12B*
[different device at send and receive ends]
1 87B Differential Relay
(See Bus Protective Zones for Details)
(For additional alternates and options see IL1 and IL2)
Notes: *Must be selected in accordance with companion relay at opposite
end of the line. Pilot wire protective auxiliaries may be required.
s
s
s
s
IL INCOMING LINE
Protective Zone (IL4)
Dual source incoming line (dual line with internal generation & via utility transformer):
Device list for IL4
27L Undervoltage
32 Power direction
47 Phase undervoltage and
reverse phase sequence
50L Instantaneous overcurrent
51B Phase time overcurrent
51BN Residual time overcurrent
51G Ground overcurrent
59B Overvoltage
59L Overvoltage
62 Timer
67 Directional phase overcurrent
67N Directional ground overcurrent
81L/H Frequency
3
3
TO 87B1
TO UTILITY SOURCE
(XFMR T1)
52
2 (or 3)
3
67 32 62
67N
51G
47 59B 81L/H
3
TO 87T1
TO MAIN
BKR 2
87B1
51BN
50L
27L
TO CTs ON
XFMR 'T1'
HIGH SIDE
59L
TO L-N VT ON XFMR 'T1'
HIGH SIDE
MAIN 1
TRIP
DIRECTION
FOR 67, 67N, 32
PLANT
MAIN BUS
52
TIE
33
51B
Basic Package
1 67/67N Directional Phase and Ground Overcurrent Relay MOR3
1 51B/51BN Phase Overcurrent (Partial Differential) and MDP
Options
1 27L Line Undervoltage (transformer highside) Relay TOV5 or NGV
1 59L Line Overvoltage (transformer highside) Relay TOV5 or NGV
(Add 27L & 59L as a means of detecting Delta-Wye
transformer highside ground fault after utility separation.)
1 32 Power Directional Relay (detects transf. magnetizing current) CCP13E
1 62 Auxiliary Timing Relay SAM201
(add 32 & 62 in lieu of 27L and 59L as alternate means of
detecting system ground faults)
1 47 Phase Undervoltage and Reverse Phase Sequence Relay ICR53A
(add if required for motor bus monitoring or intertie)
1 59B Bus Overvoltage Relay (add if required for intertie) TOV5 or NGV
1 81L/H Over and Underfrequency Relay SFF202B
(add for intertie or load shedding requirements) or MFF1
1 50L Instantaneous Overcurrent Relay PJC11AV or
(add if highside disconnect is not rated for fault interruption) CHC11A
1 87B and 87T Differential Relay
(See Bus and Transformer Protective Zones for Details)
(For additional alternates and options see IL1 and IL2)
s
s
s
s
s
s
s
s
s
s
35
239 Small HP MV motor management relay 49/50/51(+)
269 PLUS Medium HP MV motor management relay 87(+)
469 Large HP MV motor management relay with metering 87(+)
489 Small/medium size generator relay 87(+)
735/737 3 phase + ground feeder relay 50/51
745 Transformer management relay 87(+)
750/760 Multifunction feeder relay 50/51(+)
ALPS High speed distance relay 21(+)
BDD Transformer differential, harmonic restraint 87
BUS1000 Bus protection relay 87
CAP Power directional 32
CCP Power directional 32
CEB Phase offset MHO distance 21, 68
CEH Loss of excitation 40
CEX57 Angle impedance 78
CEY Phase MHO distance 21
CEY-IAC Phase distance overcurrent 21/50/51
CEYG Ground MHO distance 21N
CFD Machine differential 87
CFV Instantaneous overvoltage 59
CFVB Voltage balance 60
CHC Instantaneous overcurrent 50
CJCG Ground directional overcurrent 67
CLPG Carrier ground 67
DAR Reclosing 79
DBF Breaker failure relay 50BF
DBT Breaker coil/tripping circuit supervision relay 74
DDS Digital distribution system 50/51(+)
DFF Frequency relay 81
DFM Feeder monitor + hi impedance ground 51/51G/74
DFP100 Multifunction feeder relay with reclose 50/51(+)
DFP200 Multifunction feeder + hi impedance ground 50/51/74(+)
DGP Generator protection 87(+)
DIAC Time overcurrent relay 51, 50/51
DIFC Time overcurrent relay 51, 50/51
DLP Distance relay 21(+)
DLS Current differential line protection 87(+)
RELAY INDEX
IFD Transformer differential 87
IFV Time overvoltage 59, 64
IJC Current balance 46
IJD Machine differential 87
IJF Over/under frequency 81
IJS Synchronism check 25
IRT Temperature 38, 49
JBC Phase directional overcurrent 67
JBCG Ground directional overcurrent 67N
JBCV Directional overcurrent, voltage restraint 67
LPS Distance relay 21(+)
MCP Capacitor bank protection 50/51(+)
MDP 3 phase + ground feeder relay 50/51
MFF Over/under frequency 81
MGC Small generator protection 46, 49, 51
MIC Overcurrent 50/51
MLJ Synchrocheck 25
MLP Three pole tripping distance relay 21
MMC Small motor protection 49/50(+)
MOR Directional overcurrent with reclosing 50/51/79
MRC Thermal image 49, 50/51
MRS Transmission line reclosing 79
NAA Pilot/distance auxiliary 78, 85
NBT Breaker trip supervisor 74
NBV Voltage balance 47, 60
NGA Contact auxiliary 94
NGV Instantaneous under/over voltage 27, 59
NLR Multi-shot reclosing 79
NSR Single-shot reclosing 79
OST Out-of-step protection 78
PJC Instantaneous overcurrent 37, 50, 76
PJG Machine field ground 64
PJV Over/under voltage 27, 59
PLS Polyphase transmission line protection system 21(+)
PVD Bus differential 67
SAM Time delay 2
SBA Breaker auxiliary 94
SBC Breaker backup 50BF
SBD Bus differential 87
SCA Directional comparison, blocking auxiliary 85
SFF Over/underfrequency 81
SGC Negative sequence overcurrent 46
SLJ Synchronism check 25
SLR Multi-shot reclosing 79
SLV Over/under voltage 27, 59
SLY Phase distance 21, 68
SLYG Ground distance 21N, 68
SPA Pilot wire monitor 85
SPD AC pilot wire 87
SPM Synchronous motor controller 50/55/27(+)
STD Transformer differential 87
STV Overexcitation (V/Hz) 24
TCC Directional overcurrent 67
TCCV Ground fault 64
U.S. Standards
ANSI ANSI/IEEE Title
1. 100-1992 Standard Dictionary of Electrical and Electronic Terms
2. 375-1975 Graphic Symbols for Electrical and Electronic Diagrams
(R1989)
3. Y14.15-1996 Electrical and Electronics Diagrams
(R1988)
4. C37.2-1991 Electrical Power System Device Function
5. C37.90-1989 Relays and Relay Systems Associated with Electric
Power Apparatus
6. C37.95-1989 Guide for Protective Relaying of Utility-Consumer
Interconnections
7. 242-1986 Recommended Practice for Protection and Coordination
(R1991) of Industrial and Commercial Power Systems
European Standards
8. IEC-255 Protective Relay Standards
Codes
9. 1993 National Electrical Code NFPA Publication 1993
Books
10. Industrial Power Systems Handbook D.L. Beeman, Editor, McGraw-Hill Book Co., 1955
Standards may be purchased from:
American National Standards Institute, Inc.
11 West 42nd Street
New York, NY 10036
Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc.
Service Center
445 Hoes Lane
Piscataway, NJ 08855
REFERENCES
GE Power Management
GET-8048A
TCC/MPI - 01.98 - 1000
MULTILIN
http://www.ge.com/edc/pm