TECHNOLOGICAL INSTITUTE OF THE

PHILIPPINES
COMPETENCY EXAM
CRYSTALLIZATION
STUDENT NO.:_______________
DATE:______________________
Answers:
A B C D
A B C D
1
11
2
12
3
13
4
14
5
15
6
16
7
17
8
18
9
19
10
20
Linked Problems 1-2
A hot solution of Ba(NO 3)2 from an evaporator
contains 30.6 kg Ba(NO3)2 per 100 kg water and
goes to a crystallizer, where the solution is cooled
and Ba(NO3)2 crystallizes. On cooling, 10% of the
original water evaporates. For a feed solution of 100
kg total, calculate the following:
1. The yield of crystals if the solution is cooled to
290K, where the solubility is 8.6 kg Ba(NO3)2 per
100 kg water
a) 10.2 kg Ba(NO3)2
c)
17.5
kg
Ba(NO3)2
b) 9.36 kg Ba(NO3)2
d) NOTG
2. The yield of crystals if the solution is cooled,
where the solubility is 7.0 kg Ba(NO 3)2 per 100
kg water
a) 10.2 kg Ba(NO3)2
c)
8.36
kg
Ba(NO3)2
b) 18.61 kg Ba(NO3)2
d) NOTG
Linked Problems 3-4
A batch of 1000 kg of KCl dissolved in sufficient
water to make a saturated solution of 363K, where
the solubility is 35 wt% KCl in water. The solution is
cooled to 293K, at which temperature its solubility is
25.4 wt%.
3. The weight of crystals obtained is
a) 287.62 kg
c) 168.62 kg
b) 367.68 kg
d) NOTG
4. What is the weight of crystals obtained if 5% of
the original water evaporates on cooling?
a) 187.56 kg
c) 168.56 kg
b) 399.29 kg
d) NOTG
Linked Problems 5-6
Given: The solubility of benzoic acid in water is
0.29 g of benzoic acid per 100 ml of water at 20 C,
and 4.6 g benzoic acid per 100 ml of water at 90
C.

5. What mass of benzoic acid should be recovered

when 200 mL of water is used to recrystallize a 5 g
sample of the acid
a) 1.2 g
c) 3.42 g
b) 2.34 g
d) 4.42 g
6. What would be the maximum theoretical percent
recovery from crystallization of 5.00 g of solid X
from 100 ml water?
a) 24%
c) 68.40%
b) 46.8%
d) 88.40%
Linked Problems 7-8
A saturated solution containing 1500kg of
potassium chloride at 360K is cooled in an open
tank to 290K. if the density of the solution is 1200
kg/m3, the solubility of potassium chloride per 100
parts of water by mass is 53.55 at 360K and 34.5 at
290K calculate:
5. The capacity of the tank required is
a) 1.36 m3
c) 6.56 m3
3
b) 3.58 m
d) NOTG
6. The mass of crystals obtained, neglecting any
loss of water by evaporation is
a) 56 kg
c) 65 kg
b) 534 kg
d) NOTG
Linked Problems 9-10
A solution of RbCl contains 28 g of rubidium
chloride. This solution is to be concentrated by
evaporation of water to get a saturated solution at
100C and then cooled to 20C. The solubility of
RbCl is 91,1 g per 100 g of water at 20C and 138,9
g per 1 00 g of water at 100C.
9. Calculate the mass of the saturated solution after
evaporation of the excess of water.
a) 50.2 g
c) 48.2 g
b) 64.2 g
d) 32.4 g
10. Calculate the mass of the separated crystals.
a) 9.6 g
c) 12.2 g
b) 10.3 g
d) 5.6 g
A feed solution of 10000 lbm at 130F containing 47
lb FeSO4 per 100 lb total water is cooled at 80F,
where FeSO47H2O crystals are removed. The
solubility of the salt at 80F is 30.5 lb FeSO4 per 100
lb water. The average heat capacity of the feed
solution is 0.70 BTU/lbm-F. The heat of solution is
-4.4 kcal/gmol FeSO47H2O. Assume that no water is
vaporized.
7. Calculate the yield of crystals
a) 1715 lbm
c) 2804 lbm
b) 7196 lbm
d) NOTG
8. Make a heat balance, The QT is
a) 135.235 BTU
c) 50.356 BTU
b) -430.049 BTU
d) NOTG
9. A solution of NH4Cl is saturated at 70C.
Calculate the temperature to which this solution
must be cooled in order to crystallize out of 45%
of the NH4Cl. The solubility of NH4Cl in water are:
Temperature, C
70
10
0
Solubility, g/100g water
60.2
33.3
29.4
a) 9.51C
c) 20.15C
b) 35.25C
d) NOTG

10. The feed to a cooling crystallizer is 1000 lb/hr at

120F. The solution is cooled to 70F. It has a 3
ft2 of cooling surface per foot of running length
of crystallizer. The required rate of heat transfer
is 44,900 BTU/hr. cooling will be provided by a
countercurrent flow of chilled water entering the
cooling jacket at 60F, leaving at 85F. The
overall heat transfer coefficient, U, is expected
to be 20 BTU/hr-ft2-F. the length of the
crystallizer is
a) 37.5 ft
c) 28.5 ft
b) 10.6 ft
d) NOTG
11. The solubility of sodium bicarbonate in water is
9.6g/100g of water at 20C and 16.4g/100g of
water at 60C. If a saturated solution of NaHCO3
at 60C is cooled to 20C, what percentage of
the dissolved salt crystallizes out?
a) 68.5%
c) 86.3%
b) 41.5%
d) NOTG
12. If sodium chloride solution, at a temperature of
40C, has a concentration of 50% when the
solubility of sodium chloride at this temperature
is 36.6 g / 100 g water, calculate the quantity of
sodium chloride crystals that will form once
crystallization has been started.
a) 36.5 kg
c) 63.4 g
b) 23.6 kg
d) NOTG
13. A tank holds 10,000 kg of a saturated Na 2CO3 at
30C. you want to crystallize from this solution
3000
kg
of
Na2CO310H2O
without
accompanying water. To what temperature must
the solution be cooled?
Temperature, C
10
20
30
Solubility, g/100g water
12.5
21.5
38.8
a) 25.9 C
c) 20.2 C
b) 15.3 C
d) NOTG
14. 1000 kg of FeCl36H2O are added to a mixture
crystals of FeCl3H2O to produce a mixture of
FeCl32.5H2O crystals. How much FeCl3H2O
must be added to produce the most
FeCl32.5H2O?
a) 2556.1 kg
c) 1556.1 kg
b) 1056.1 kg
d) NOTG
15. 8000 kg of an aqueous solution containing 25
percent (by weight) of anhydrous sodium sulfate
are fed to a crystallizer. The solution is cooled
and 15% of the initial water is lost by
evaporation. Na2SO4.10H2O crystallizes out. If
the mother liquor (solution after crystallization)
contains 18.3% (by weight) of anhydrous
Na2SO4, calculate the weight of crystals
obtained.
a) 2716 kg
c) 4384 kg
b) 6584 kg
d) NOTG
16. The heat required when 1 kmol of MgSO47H2O
is dissolved isothermally at 291 K in a large
mass of water is 13.3 MJ. What is the heat of
crystallization per unit mass of the salt?

a) 53.9 kJ/kg
b) 12.3 kJ/kg

b) 65.3 kJ/kg
d) NOTG

17. A batch of 1500 kg of saturated potassium

chloride solution is cooled from 360 K to 290 K in
an unagitated tank. If the solubilities of KCl are
53 and 34 kg/100 kg water at 360 K and 290 K
respectively
and
water
losses
due
to
evaporation may be neglected, what is the yield
of crystals?
a) 365 kg
c) 186 kg
b) 236 kg
d) NOTG
18. If sodium chloride solution, at a temperature of
40C, has a concentration of 50% when the
solubility of sodium chloride at this temperature
is 36.6 g / 100 g water, calculate the quantity of
sodium chloride crystals that will form once
crystallization has been started.
a) 36.5 kg
c) 63.4 g
b) 23.6 kg
d) NOTG
19. Rasorite containing 85% Na2B4O74H2O is
dissolved, filtered, and run to the crystallizer as
a 25% solution of borax, Na2B4O710H2O at
150F. After cooling to 100F. The crystals are
centrifuged and go to the drier containing 5%
moisture. The mother liquor contains 8% borax.
What yield of the crystals is obtained per ton of
rasorite processed?
a) 3.81 tons
c) 4.2 tons
b) 0.93 tons
d) NOTG
20. A tank holds 10,000 kg of a saturated Na 2CO3 at
30C. you want to crystallize from this solution
3000
kg
of
Na2CO310H2O
without
accompanying water. To what temperature must
the solution be cooled?
Temperature, C
10
20
30
Solubility, g/100g water
12.5
21.5
38.8
a) 25.9 C
c) 20.2 C
b) 15.3 C
d) NOTG