Physics Reviewer

Law of Universal Gravitation- every object in the universe attracts

every other object with a force directed along the line of the centers
for the two objects that is proportional to the product of their masses
and inversely proportional to the square of the separation between the
two objects. Fg=G x m1m2/r2
ROTATIONAL MOTION
Angular displacement (radians)- Direction is clockwise or
counterclockwise
Rotational speed or angular speed, ( radians per sec)number of rotations of revolutions per unit of time; direction is
clockwise or counter
Tangential speed(m/s)- total distance travelled per unit of time
Angular acceleration(radians/sec squared)- angular velocity
per unit of time
Center/ axis of rotation- 2D object rotates around a center of
rotation; 3D object rotates around a line( axis of rotation)
Moment of inertia, I (kg x m2)- Measure of an objects
resistance to a circular motion; dependent on where the axis of
rotation located
Torque- tendency of a force to rotate an object about an axis;
roughly, =rFsin
Angular Momentum- measure of the motion of mass about a
center of rotation; Rotational inertia x angular velocity
WAVE
Wiggle in both space and time; extends from one place to
another (e.g., sound and light waves) Sound waves
cant propagate without a medium, light can
Period- time for one complete vibration( second)
Wavelength- distance b/w any successive identical parts
of a wave(meter)
Frequency- describes how frequent a vibration occurs (it
is the reciprocal of the period; hertz, Hz)
Radio waves (103.1FM=103.1MHz) - electrons in the
antenna of the transmission tower are forced to vibrate
at 103, 100, 000imes per second. This is also the
frequency of the frequency of the wave produced.

Wave speed- speed of periodic motion is related to the

frequency and wavelength of the vibrating object;
WS=WL x F
Transverse- medium moves in a direction perpendicular to
the direction of the wave, the medium is vibrating.
Longitudinal- medium moves in the same direction as the
wave.
INTERFERENCE
Constructive Interference- two or more waves
interfere to produce a wave with increased
amplitude
Destructive Interference- two or more waves
interfere to produce a wave with decreased
amplitude.
Refraction of Sound- sound waves bend when parts of
the wave front travel at different speeds
Speed of Sound- in air 330m/s at 00C; depends on
the wind conditions, temperature and humidity
Resonance- objects vibrate at a certain natural
frequency
Doppler Effect- Change in frequency due to the
motion of the source

PROJECTILE
Is any object which is influenced only by gravity
Projectile Motion- motion of a projectile;
Trajectory- PARABOLIC; both horizontal and vertical
components
Satellite Motion- projectile that falls around earth rather
than into it; speed must be at least 8km/sec.
Fluids- gases and liquids flow
PROPERTIES: ability to flow, ability to not resist
deformation, ability to resist flow
Viscosity- measure of resistance to flow
Buoyancy- upward force that a body exerts on an
immersed object; when an object is submerged, it
displaces water that has a volume equal to the object.
Turbulence- fluid regime characterized by chaotic and
stochastic (random) changes.
Laminar- flow that is not turbulent

Bernoullis Principle- speed of a fluid increases, the

internal pressure in the fluid drops.
PRESSURE
Pressure is due to random molecular collisions against
surfaces
Systolic Pressure- higher number, normal reading is
120mm of mercury (mmHg) or less
Diastolic Pressure- lower number, normal reading is 80
mmHg or less
Surface Tension- contractive tendency of the surface of
liquids
Pascals Principle- Pressure applied to an enclosed liquid
is transmitted undiminished to every point in the fluid
and to the walls of the container.