Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Li ni u
TCVN 6491: 1999 hon ton tng ng vi ISO 6060: 1989.
TCVN 6491: 1999 do Ban K thut TCVN/TC147 "Cht lng nc" bin son, Tng
cc Tiu chun - o lng - Cht lng ngh, B Khoa hc, Cng ngh v Mi
trng ban hnh.
5.4. St (II) amoni sunfat, dung dch chun c nng , c[(NH 4)2Fe(SO4)2 . 6H2O]
0,12 mol/l.
Ho tan 47,0 g st (II) amoni sunfat ngm 6 phn t nc vo trong nc. Thm 20
ml axit sunfuric c ( = 1,84 g/ml). Lm ngui v pha long bng nc thnh 1000
ml.
Dung dch ny phi chun li hng ngy theo cch nh sau:
Pha long 10,0 ml dung dch kali dicromat (5.3) n khong 100 ml vi axit sunfuric
(5.1). Chun dung dch ny bng dung dch st (II) amoni sunfat ni trn s dng
2 hoc 3 git ch feroin (5.6).
Nng , c, ca st (II) amoni sunfat tnh bng mol trn lt, c tnh theo cng thc:
Trong : V l th tch dung dch st (II) amoni sunfat tiu tn tnh bng mililit.
5.5. Kali hidro phtalat, dung dch chun, c(K 1C8H5O4) = 2,0824 mmol/l.
Ho tan 0,4251 g kali hidro phtalat c sy kh 105 0C, vo trong nc v
nh mc n 1000 ml.
Dung dch ny c gi tr COD l thuyt l 500 mg/l.
Dung dch bn t nht mt tun nu bo qun trong xp x 4 0C.
5.6. Feroin, dung dch ch th
Ho tan 0,7 g st (II) sunfat ngm 7 phn t nc (FeSO 4 . 7H2O) hoc 1 g st (II)
amoni sunfat ngm 6 phn t nc [(NH4)2Fe(SO4)2 . 6H2O] trong nc. Thm 1,50
g 1,10 - phenantrolin ngm mt phn t nc C12H8N2 . H2O v lc cho n khi tan
ht. Pha long thnh 100 ml.
Dung dch ny bn trong vi thng nu c bo qun trong ti. C bn sn cc
dung dch ny trn th trng.
6. Thit b, dng c
Cc dng c thng thng ca phng th nghim, v
6.1. B chng ct hi lu, gm c mt bnh hoc ng phn ng 250 ml c c nhm
ni vi mt ng sinh hn trnh mt mt ng k cc cht bay hi.
C th phi lm mt sinh hn bng nc lnh hoc khng kh lnh.
Lm sch dng c mi bng cch tin hnh mu trng nh c m t trong 8.2.
Lm sch dng c dng xc nh COD bng cch sc vi vi nc ct sau mi
ln chun . Khng c s dng bt k cht ty ra no.
6.2. Bp un hoc cc phng tin t nng khc, c kh nng un si mu trong
vng 10 pht. Phi bo m rng cc dng c lm vic khng gy ra qu nng cc
b cho dung dch ang c un.
6.3. Buret chnh xc, dung tch 10 ml, c vch chia 0,02 ml ph hp vi TCVN 1609:
1988 (hoc ISO 385 - 1).
6.4. Ht si, ht thu tinh th ng knh 2 mm n 3 mm hoc cc loi ht si khc,
c lm sch theo quy trnh c m t trong 6.1.
Lu khi chun b dng c thu tinh
Cc dng c thu tinh cn c ra sch cn thn v gi khng b bm bi v
ch dng ring cho php th COD.
7. Ly mu v bo qun mu
Mu phng th nghim phi c u tin ly vo l thu tinh, mc d l polyethylen
cng thch hp.
9. Biu th kt qu
9.1. Tnh ton
Nhu cu oxy ho hc COD, tnh bng miligam oxy trn lt, c tnh theo cng thc:
Trong :
c l nng ca st (II) amoni sunfat nh c tnh trong 5.4, tnh
bng mol trn lt;
Vo l th tch ca phn mu th trc khi pha long (nu c), tnh
bng mililit;
V1 l th tch ca st (II) amoni sunfat s dng khi chun mu trng,
tnh bng mililit;
V2 l th tch ca st (II) amoni sunfat s dng khi chun mu th,
tnh bng mililit;
8000 l khi lng mol ca 1/2 O2, tnh bng miligam trn lt.
Kt qu c tnh chnh xc n miligam trn lt.
Nu cc gi tr COD di 30 mg/l phi ghi trong bo co l "< 30 mg/l".
9.2. ti lp
S liu nhn c vi mt quy trnh rt gin nhau (1) thc hin bng cc phng th
nghim khc nhau vi cng mu nc thi c bn sn cho thy lch chun nh
hn 10 mg/l.
----------------1) Nhu cu xy ho hc cho nc thi v nc b nhim. London, Her Majesty's Stationery Office,
1978.
10. Yu t cn tr
Php th nhy vi vi yu t cn tr, v nguyn l l vi clorua. Cc tc nhn kh
v c nh nitrit, sunfua v st (II) s lm tng kt qu. Thc t c th chp nhn
rng nhu cu oxy bao gm c cc tc nhn ny v coi nh mt phn ca gi tr COD
tng s ca mu.
Gim s cn tr ca clorua (nhng khng loi tr c hon ton) bng cch thm
thu ngn (II) sunfat. Cht ny cng vi ion clo hnh thnh phc tan thu ngn clorua
(II). Khi hm lng ion clorua vt qu 1000 mg/l, phi p dng mt quy trnh c
ci bin cho ph hp.
Cc hidro cacbon thm v pyridin b oxy ho khng ng k. Mt vi cht hu c d
bay hi c th trnh khi s oxy ho do bay hi. Cc cht bo mnh thng b oxy
ho mnh bi bc sunfat-axit sunfuric (5.2).
11. Bo co kt qu
Bo co kt qu cn phi c cc thng tin sau:
a) trch dn tiu chun ny;
b) s nhn bit chnh xc mu th;
c) kt qu, c biu th bng miligam trn lt O2;
d) bt k s thao tc no khc vi quy trnh quy nh hoc bt k tnh hung no
c th lm nh hng n kt qu.