Tension Member

Analysis
ASD

Block Shear

Pa = 0.6 Fy Ag

Rn = 0.6 Fu . Anv + Ubs . Fu . Ant

Pa = 0.5 Fu Ae

0.6 Fy . Agv + Ubs . Fu . Ant

LRFD

Ubs = 1.00

Pu = 0.9 Fy Ag

Agv : gross area subject to shear

Pu = 0.75 Fu Ae

Anv : net area subject to shear

Ae = U An

Ant : net area subject to tension

An = Ag n dh t
Staggared
An = Ag n dh t +
Pu = 1.2 Pd + 1.6 PL
Pa = Pd + PL

Design
LRFD

ASD

Ag

Ag

Ae

Ae

thickness may be used :

, 1

Column

Analysis

r=

lacing ( ties )

G=

fixed

G = 1.00

) built

a : spacing between lacing

connection .

hing

G = 10

ri : min. (r) of the attached

component

Design
LRFD
1- Pu = 1.2 Pd + 1.6 PL
2- assume

= 50

find (

3- Find Ag req. =
4- select section have Ag prov.
5- Find
6- Find

Ag req.

for the section

fcr ) for the selected section

7- Check the section

fcr )

Analysis Of Beam ( Flexural )

If

Fy

Lp ( ft ) = 1.76 ry

50

Lr ( ft ) =
If

12

rts

12

Fy = 50 find Lp & Lr from manual ( table 3 2 ) .

find Lb , Lp & Lr and compare between them

1- if Lb

Lp

L.S.P

check element of section stiffend & unstiffend .

for unstiffend element
=

= 0.38

= 1.00

if single angle
=

= 0.54

= 0.91

= 5.7

for stiffend element

=

= 3.76

if
if

compact section
<

<

Mn = fy . Zx

Non compact section

Mn = Mp = [ Mp ( Mp 0.7 fy . sx )
if
Mn =

12

selender section
;

Kc =

( 0.35

Kc

0.76 )

2- if Lp

Lb

Lr

L.u.P

I . L . T. B

Mn = Cb [ Mp ( Mp 0.7 fy . sx )

Or

bMpx [ fy = 50 ]

bMn = Cb
= Cb [

b Mpx Bf ( Lb Lp ) ]
Bf ( Lb Lp ) ]

Cb : can be find

Mp [ fy 50 ]

[ in ASD]

manual table ( 3 1 )
B.M.D

Cb =

= 1 for double symmetric or single symmetric for single

curvature
Rm = 0.5 + 2 (

) for single symmetric member subject to

reverse curvature
3- if Lb

Lr

E.L.T.B

Mn = Fcr *
Fcr =

Mp

C=1
If required check

flexure
Deflection
Shear

Note :

find
find
find Vu &

Vn and com.

Shear Analysis

Vn = 0.6 Fy . Aw . Cv

Aw = d . tw
2.24

1- For I shape h / tw
Cv = 1

V=1

V = 1.5

2- For webs of all other double or single symmetric shape and

channels
V = 0.9 LRFD
V = 1.67 ASD
Cv : can be determine as follow

a)

For h / tw

b)

For 1.1

1.1
h / tw

Cv =
c)

For h / tw

1.37

Cv =

Kv : web plate buckling coeff.

Kv = 5

Cv = 1.0
1.37

Design Of Beam

1- For deflection
find

max =

X : value from table

Typed member
Roof beam
plastered ceiling
Non plaster ceil.
No ceiling
Floor

L.L

L.L + D.L D.L + W.L

L/360 L/240
L/240 L/180
L/180 L/120
L/360 L/240

L/360
L/240
L/180

= value
value according to the load case find from manual ( table 3 23 )
max =
find Ix act. And then find Ix from manual
table ( 3 3 ) for lighest section
2- For Bending
find Wu
find Mu by plastic analysis method .
Zx =

then select Zx from table ( 3 2 )

find Lp , Lr and compare with Lb to know any equation will be

used to find Mn .
Compare Mn with Mu new
IF Mu

Mn not ok

find Zx new = Zx old .

then select Zx from table ( 3 2 )

and compare Lp , Lr with Lb to find equ. will applied .

find Mn and compare with Mu .
IF Mu
Mn ok but find Zx new to check the economic .
Note : if dead load not include weight of beam let 0.05 K / ft to
find Wu to find Mu and then use weight of beam for the
section we use to find new Wu & Mu

Bent about weak axis always L . S . B ( I shap and channel )

1- yielding
Mu = Mp = Fy .

1.6 Fy .

2- Flange local Buckling

Compact section

a)

Mn = Mpy = Fy .
Non Compact section

b)

Mn = Mp = [ Mpy ( Mpy 0.7 Fy .

slender flange

c)

Mn = Fcr .

Fcr =

Unsymmetrical Bending ( Biaxial Bending )

find Wux & Wuy
Wax & Way
find

Mux &

Mux & Muy

Max & May

Muy ( LRFD ) or

( LRFD )
( ASD )
&

( ASD )
1

at mid point

Muy =

at third point

Muy =

Sag rods for Y axis