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Example problem 1
SOLUTION:
Create a free-body diagram for the crane.
Determine B by solving the equation
for the sum of the moments of all forces
about A. Note there will be no
contribution from the unknown
reactions at A.
A fixed crane has a mass of 1000 kg
and is used to lift a 2400 kg crate. It
is held in place by a pin at A and a
rocker at B. The center of gravity of
the crane is located at G.
Determine the components of the
reactions at A and B.
Example problem 4
SOLUTION:
Create a free-body diagram for the sign.
Apply the conditions for static
equilibrium to develop equations for
the unknown reactions.
Example problem 4
r r
r
r r
TBD = TBD rD rB
rD rB
r
r
r
2.4i + 1.2 j 2.4k
= TBD
3.6
r
r 2r
2
1
= TBD 3 i + 3 j 3 k
r r
r
rC rE
TEC = TEC r r
Create a free-body diagram for the
rC rE
sign.
r
r
r
1.8i + 0.9 j + 0.6k
Since there are only 5 unknowns,
= TEC
2.1
the sign is partially constrain. It is
r
r
r
free to rotate about the x axis. It is,
= TEC 0.85i + 0.428 j + 0.285k
Example problem 4
r r r
r
r
rF = A + TBD + TEC (1200 N ) j = 0
i : Ax 0.67TBD 0.86TEC = 0
r
j : Ay + 0.33TBD + 0.43TEC 1200 N = 0
r
k : Az 0.67TBD + 0.29TEC = 0
r
r
r
r r
r r
(
)
(
)
M
=
r
T
+
r
T
+
1.2
m
i
1200
N
j =0
r A B BD E EC
j : 1.6TBD 0.514TEC = 0
r
k : 0.8 TBD + 0.771TEC 1440 N . m = 0
Apply the conditions for
static equilibrium to
develop equations for the
unknown reactions.
Structural Analysis
Engineering Structure
An engineering structure is
any connected system of
members built to support or
transfer forces and to safely
withstand the loads applied
to it.
Structural Analysis
Statically Determinate
Structures
FBD of Joint A and members AB and AF: Magnitude of forces denoted as AB & AF
- Tension indicated by an arrow away from the pin
- Compression indicated by an arrow toward the pin
Magnitude of AF from
Magnitude of AB from
Analyze joints F, B, C, E, & D in that order to complete the analysis
Check
Equilibrium
Yes
Yes
No
DETERMINATE
INDETERMINATE
INDETERMINATE
DETERMINATE
INDETERMINATE
DETERMINATE
Example problem 1
Determine B by solving the equation for the
sum of the moments of all forces about A.
M A = 0 : + B(1.5m ) 9.81 kN(2m )
23.5 kN(6m ) = 0
B = +107.1 kN
Ax = 107.1 kN
Fy = 0 : Ay 9.81 kN 23.5 kN = 0
Ay = +33.3 kN
Example problem 2
SOLUTION:
Create a free-body diagram for the car
with the coordinate system aligned
with the track.
Determine the reactions at the wheels
by solving equations for the sum of
moments about points above each axle.
Determine the cable tension by
A loading car is at rest on an inclined
solving the equation for the sum of
track. The gross weight of the car and
force components parallel to the track.
its load is 25 kN, and it is applied at
G. The cart is held in position by the Check the values obtained by verifying
cable.
that the sum of force components
perpendicular to the track are zero.
Determine the tension in the cable and
the reaction at each pair of wheels.
Example problem 2
Determine the reactions at the wheels.
R2 = + 8 kN
R1 = 2.5 kN
Create a free-body diagram
Wx = +(25 kN ) cos 25o
= +22.65 kN
W y = (25 kN )sin 25o
= 10.5 kN
= 0 : + 22.65 kN T = 0
T = +22.7 kN
Example problem 3
SOLUTION:
Create a free-body diagram for the
telephone cable.
Solve 3 equilibrium equations for the
reaction force components and
couple at A.
Example problem 3
Solve 3 equilibrium equations for the
reaction force components and couple.
Ax = +238.50 N
Ay = +1832.45 N
Create a free-body diagram for
the frame and cable.
(6m) = 0
M A = +1431.00 N.m
Example
SOLUTION:
Based on a free-body diagram of the
entire truss, solve the 3 equilibrium
equations for the reactions at E and C.
Joint A is subjected to only two unknown
member forces. Determine these from the
joint equilibrium requirements.
Example
SOLUTION:
Based on a free-body diagram of the entire truss,
solve the 3 equilibrium equations for the reactions
at E and C.
=0
= (10 kN )(12 m ) + (5 kN )(6 m ) E (3 m )
E = 50kN
Fx = 0 = C x
Cx = 0
= 0 = 10kN - 5 kN + 50 kN + C y
C y = 35 kN
Example
10 kN FAB FAD
=
=
4
3
5
FAB = 7.5 kN T
FAD = 12.5 kN C
FDB = 12.5 kN T
FDE = 2 53 FDA
FDE = 15 kN C
()
Example
There are now only two unknown member
forces at joint B. Assume both are in tension.
FBE = 18 .75 kN
FBE = 18.75 kN C
FBC = +26.25 kN
FBC = 26.25 kN T
FEC = 43.75 kN
FEC = 43.75 kN C
Example
All member forces and support reactions are
known at joint C. However, the joint equilibrium
requirements may be applied to check the results.
x
= 26.25 + 53 (43.75) = 0
= 35 + 54 (43.75) = 0
F
F
(checks)
(checks)
L5
Method of Sections
Take advantage of the 3rd or moment equation of equilibrium by selecting an entire
section of truss
Equilibrium under non-concurrent force system
Not more than 3 members whose forces are unknown should be cut in a single
section since we have only 3 independent equilibrium equations
Fy = 0 = 20 kN + L + A
A = 12.5 kN
tan =
FG 8 m
=
= 0.5333
GL 15 m
= 28.07
MH =0
(7.50 kN )(10 m ) (1 kN )(5 m ) F GI (5 . 33 m ) = 0
F GI = + 13 . 13 kN
F GI = 13 . 13 kN T
MG = 0
(7.5 kN )(15 m ) (1 kN )(10 m ) (1 kN )(5 m )
+ (FFH cos )(8 m ) = 0
FFH = 13.82 kN
FFH = 13.82 kN C
tan =
5m
GI
= 2
= 0.9375
HI 3 (8 m )
= 43.15
ML = 0
(1 kN )(10 m ) + (1 kN )(5 m ) + (FGH cos )(15 m ) = 0
FGH = 1.371 kN
FGH = 1.371 kN C
L07
Method of Sections
-
Example problem
Example problem
From similar triangle OFD and OGC, We have
4
6
=
4 8
= 4